Unit1Whatsthematter-2021-2022学年八年级英语下册单元重点知识点讲解及巩固练习（人教版）

八年级下册Unit1What’sthematter?知识点及练习（含答案）生词讲解mattern.问题；事情v.有关系，要紧1）询问某人患了何种疾病/遇到了何种困难：what’sthematter(withsb)?What'sthetrouble(withsb)?What'swrong(withsb)?whathappened(tosb)?注意：trouble/matter是名词，前可以加the或形容词性物主代词，但wrong为adj，不可以加Wehavemoreimportantmatterstothinkabout我们还有更重要的事情去思考Itdoesn’tmatter.没关系MrBrownhasafever.(对画线部分提问)______________________________________?soreadj疼痛的，酸痛的Mylegs.我腿疼。Ihavea.我嗓子疼。haveacold1)病痛的表达：havea+病痛患某种病haveafeverhaveasorethroathaveaheadachehaveastomachachehaveacough2)身体部位+ache表示某一种病痛:tooth+ache：toothache牙痛

head+ache：headache头痛

stomach+ache：stomachache胃痛

back+ache：backache背痛，腰痛3)haveasore+部位...痛haveasorethroat/backliev.躺；平躺；位于过去式lay过去分词lainv.撒谎lieliedliedn.谎言tellalieliedowne.g.Thelittlegirl________tohermotherthatshe______onthebedallday.restv&n放松休息;剩余部分have/takearest=takeabreak=takebreaks=restYoushouldfinishtherestofyourmeal.hurtv.(使)疼痛；受伤hurthurthurthurtoneself伤到自己eg.Jackhurthimselfwithaknife.(变否定句)eg.Myleghurts.offadv&prep离开；不工作；从...中去掉getoff下车geton上车cutoff切除putoff推迟takeoff起飞turnoff关闭surprisev.使吃惊→surprisesb使某人吃惊eg.Thebadnewssurprisedme.adj.surprising令人吃惊的（主语是物）adj.surprised吃惊的（主语是人）besurprisedatsth对……感到吃惊besurprisedtodosth.做某事而感到惊讶besurprised+that从句因...而惊讶toone’ssurprise使某人吃惊的是insurprise吃惊地①__________________(使我吃惊的是），hegotthefirstprizeintheexam.②Weare____________atthe_____________news.(surprise)troubleun问题，苦恼1）相关短语havetrouble/difficulty/problemsindoingsth在做某事上有困难havetrouble/difficulty/problemswithsthbeintrouble处于困境中 e.g.Nowheisintrouble,weshouldgoallouttohelphim.beoutoftrouble摆脱困境v.使烦恼e.g.I'msorrytotroubleyou.抱歉打扰到你hitv.击；打hithithitvt.打击hitsbin/on+部位击打某人什么部位e.g.thebottlemethehead.瓶子打中了我的头部vi.hitatsb朝某人打去rightaway立刻马上atoncerightnowgetinto陷入；参与getoutof离开；从...中出来getintotrouble陷入麻烦footcn.脚；英尺复数：feetbandagecn绷带v.用绷带包扎bandageoneself给自己包扎pressv.压，挤，按pressthebutton按按钮sickadj.生病的，有病的可以做定语/表语e.g.Johndidn’tgotoschoolbecausehewassick.（表语）e.g.Thesickboyissotired.(定语)辨析illadj生病的（只能做表语）e.g.Theboyisill/sick.e.g.heisanillboy.(他是个坏男孩)breathev呼吸e.g.wecanbreathefreshairwithoutpollution.n.breath呼吸takeadeepbreath深呼吸beoutofbreath上气不接下气be/getusedtodoingsth习惯于；适应于辨析：used to do 过去常常做某事eg.heusetoliveinthecountrysidebe used to doing 习惯于做某事eg.Theygot used to living in the countryside．他们已习惯于住在农村be used to do sth被用来做某事riskcn&v危险，风险riskdoingsth冒险做某事e.g.They risked losing everything. 他们冒失去一切的危险theriskofdoingsth...的风险takerisks(arisk)冒险accidentcn.交通事故，意外遭遇accidentaladj.偶然的，意外的byaccident偶然=bychancee.g.Acaraccidenthappenedtohimyesterday.situationcn.情况，状况inthesituation在这种情形下insocialsituation在社交场合runout(of)用完；用尽sbrunoutofsth人把某物用完了eg.Shehasranoutofmoney.她的钱用完了sthrunout某物被用完了（主动表被动）eg.Hermoneyranout.她的钱用完了辨析：useup用完用尽（有被动）sbuseupsthsthbeusedup某物被用完了knifecn.刀pl.knivescutoff切除；cut相关短语：cutout切断；删去 cutdownv.削减；砍倒 cutin插嘴；插队 cutup切碎bloodun.血液；血统adj.bloody流血的;残忍的vbleed流血meanv.意思是；意味着adj.吝啬的adj_______反义_________n._______mean doing sth. “意味着mean to do sth. “打算或企图做某事What do / did you mean by...? =what’sthemeaningofsth……是什么意思?controln&v控制；限制；约束outofcontrol不受控制 undercontrol被控制 incontrol控制着 beincontrolof管理e.g.sheisincontrolofthispany.beinthecontrolof受...管理e.g.Thispanyisinthecontrolofhermother.spiritun灵魂；骨气cn.精灵；鬼魂thefightingspirit斗志 amanofspirit有志气的人deathn.死亡辨析：die v死，死亡deadadj.死的，无生命的;表示状态“have/has been dead for +时间段”dying die的现在分词。作定语或表语，指“垂死的，要死的”e.g.His father has been dead for ten years。=His father died ten years ago。他父亲已经去世十年了。 e.g.This is a dying bird.。是一只快死的鸟e.g.Hisdeathmadeeveryonesad.giveup放弃giveupdoingsth放弃做某事giveout分发，散发giveaway捐赠givesbsth=givesthtosb注意：当sth为代词只能用后者重点句型及知识点adviceun.建议apieceofadvicetwopiecesofadvicesomeadviceasksbforadvice giveadviceonsth take(follow)one’sadviceHegotoffandaskedthewomanwhathappened.getoff意为＂下车＂，其反义短语为geton＂上车＂e.g.Excuseme,Ihavetogetoffatthenextstop.常见get构成的短语：Haveatry:他和同学们相处得很好。Heis__________________________wellwithhisclassmates.Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.但使他惊讶的是,他们都同意和他一起去。toone’ssurprise＂使……惊讶的；出乎……意料＂，一般位于句首one’s是形容词性物主代词或名词所有格Haveatry—HowwasyourlifeinEngland?—Quitedifferentfromhere._____________,peopletheredrinkteawithmilk.InmyopinionB.TomysurpriseC.Atthebeginningagreev同意：agreetodosth＂同意做某事＂agreeonsthagreewithsbAronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.阿伦﹒罗尔斯顿是一个对登山感兴趣的美国人。此处whoisinterestedinmountainclimbing为定语从句，当先行词为人时，常用关系代词who或that引导定从，who或that在定语从句中可作主语或宾语。who或that作主语时不可省略，作宾语时可省略。e.g.Doyouknowthegirlswho/thataredancing?（who/that作主语，不可省略）e.g.Theman(that/who)youarewaitingforwon’te.（who/that作宾语，可省略）Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedtotakingrisks.作为一名登山者,阿伦习惯于冒险beusedtodoingsth＂习惯于……；适应于……＂，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动词ing形式。Haveatry试一试1.我妈妈习惯于早上早起。Mymother____________________________________________________upearlyinthemorning.2.他过去常骑自行车去上班,但现在他乘地铁(去上班)。He_______________________________________hisbiketowork,butnowhetakesthesubway.3.刀子是被用来切割东西的。Knivesare_______________________________________things.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.runout作不及物动词短语，意为＂用尽；耗尽＂，主语通常是时间、金钱、水、食物等无生命名词Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekeptonclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.such...that与so...that的区别:(1)so+adj./adv.adj.+a/an+_________many/few+可数名词复数+that从句much/little+___________(2)such+a/an+adj.+单数名词adj.+___________+that从句adj.+复数名词GRAMMER表达病痛的结构:1.某人+have/has+病症.e.g.Thetwinshavecolds.这对双胞胎感冒了。2.某人+have/hasa(n)+身体部位ache（headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache）e.g.Shehadastomachachelastnight.她昨晚胃痛。3.某人+have/hasasore+身体部位.e.g.Hehasasorethroat.他喉咙痛。4.某人+hurt(s)+身体部位或反身代词.e.g.Hehurthisleg.他的腿受伤了。5.身体部位+hurt(s).e.g.Myheadhurtsbadly.我头痛得厉害。6.某人+have/hasapaininone’s+身体部位.e.g.Ihaveapaininmychest.我胸口痛。7.(Thereis)somethingwrongwithone’s+身体部位.e.g.Thereissomethingwrongwithmyrighteye.我的右眼不舒服。八年级下册重要知识点巩固练习及答案重要词汇英汉互译1.问题;事情n.__________2.脚;足n.__________pl.__________3.脖子;颈部n.__________4.发烧n.__________5.躺;平躺v.__________6.放松：休息v.&n.__________咳嗽n.＆v.__________牙痛n.__________头痛n.__________间歇;休息n.__________11.（使)疼痛;受伤v._________12.乘客;旅客n._________13.离开（某处）;不工作;从……去掉adv.&pron._________14.到⋯之上prep._________15.问题.苦恼n._________16.（用手或器具)击;打v._________17.她自己pron._________18.生病的;有病的adj._________19.膝;膝盖n._________20.我们自己pron._________21.交通事放;意外遭遇n._________22.情况;状况n._________23.千克;公斤n._________24.岩石n._________25.刀n._________(pl.）_________26.血n._________27.意思是：打算;意欲v._________28.决定：抉择n._________29.限制;约束;管理n＆v.._________30.勇气;意志n._________31.soreadj._________33.throatn._________34.Xrayn._________35.bandagen.&v._________36.pressv._________37.nosebleedn._________38.breathev._________39.sunburnedadj._________40.climbern._________41.riskn.&v._________42.importancen._________43.deathn._________重点短语1.患感冒/发烧/咳嗷___________________________2.牙痛(头痛、耳痛、胃痛）___________________________3.喉咙/背/眼腈/膝盖/脚痛_____________________________________________4.躺下休息_____________________________________________5.喝些加蜂蜜的热茶_____________________________________________6.看牙医_____________________________________________7.拍×光片_____________________________________________8.量体温_____________________________________________9.割伤自己_____________________________________________10.在…上敷药_____________________________________________11.需要去做某事_____________________________________________12.从…带走_____________________________________________13.没动_____________________________________________14.看医生_____________________________________________15.沿着⋯走_____________________________________________16.看见某人正在做某事_____________________________________________17.在马路边_____________________________________________18.紧挨着_____________________________________________19.大喊救命_____________________________________________20.下/上车_____________________________________________21.患心脏病_____________________________________________22.期望某人做某事_____________________________________________23.使某人惊奇的是_____________________________________________24.同意做某事_____________________________________________25.多亏：由于_____________________________________________26.及时_____________________________________________27.考虑_____________________________________________28.立刻：马上_____________________________________________29.陷人麻烦_____________________________________________30.做正确的事_____________________________________________31.跌倒_____________________________________________32.穿上..._____________________________________________33.感到恶心_____________________________________________34.被击中头部_____________________________________________35.做某事有困难_____________________________________________36.习惯于做某事_____________________________________________过去常常做某事_____________________________________________37.冒险_____________________________________________38.救命_____________________________________________失去上命_____________________________________________39.因为_____________________________________________40.在危险的境况中_____________________________________________41.落在某人身上_____________________________________________42.单独,独立;;各自_____________________________________________43.用完;枆尽_____________________________________________44.准备好做某事_____________________________________________45.切除_____________________________________________45.失血过多_____________________________________________42.离开;从...出来_____________________________________________49.讲述..._____________________________________________50.做决定_____________________________________________51.掌管;管理_____________________________________________在……的掌控下_____________________________________________52.继续做某事_____________________________________________53.生死攸关_____________________________________________54.去爬山_____________________________________________55.介意/反对做某事_____________________________________________56.放弃_____________________________________________经典向型1.你怎么了？出什么事情了？_______the_____________you?昨天她说话大多，并日没有喝足够的水。Shetalked______________yesterdayanddidn'tdrink_______water.听起来不像是你发烧了。Itdoesn't______________youhavea_______。我头疼。Myhead_______.他给自己打上绷带以至于他不会失血过多。Hebandagedhimselfso_______hewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.6.他对登山如此酷爱以至于即使这次经所之后他还继续爬山，Hislove_______mountainclimbingis_______great_______hekeptclimbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.我们有和阿伦一样的精神吗？Dowehave______________spirit_______Aron?听上去不太好。Thatdoesn't______________. 重要知识点巩固答案重要词汇：1.matter2.foot(pl.)feet3.neck4..fever5.lie(lay,lying)6.rest7.cough8.toothache9.headache10.break11.hurt12.passenger13.off14.onto15.trouble16.hit17.herself18.sick19.knee20.ourselves21.accident22.situation23.kilo=kg=kilogram24.rock25.knife(pl.)knives26.blood27.mean28.decision29.control30.spirit31.疼病的;酸痛的32胃;腹部33.喉咙;咽喉34.×射线;x光35.绷带用绷带包扎36.压；挤;按37鼻出血38.呼吸39.晒伤的40.登山者;攀登者41.危险;风险;冒险42.重要性;重要43.死;死亡重点短语1.haveacold/fever/cough2.haveatoothache(aheadache,anearache,astomachache)3.