备战2024年高考英语二轮复习篇章体裁分类专项训练专题01说明文一含解析

备战2024年高考英语篇章体裁分类专项训练专题01说明文（一）话题：完形填空华蜜是什么？如何才能实现华蜜的感觉。阅读理解A篇说明白北斗导航系统的应用功能等基本状况。B篇介绍了食物渴望的定义以及对食物渴望的一些探讨发觉。C篇可口可乐公司将提高产品包装材料的回收率，直至其全部包装完全可回收。七选五面对诸多的压力时应当先做什么的建议。改错介绍了中国龙井茶，以及龙井茶与乾隆帝的故事。语法填空讲解并描述了活字印刷的历史,活字印刷的过程及活字印刷对世界文明的影响。一、完形填空Happiness,aboveallelseintheworld,iswhatpeopleseek.Theywanttohavehappiness,andwanttoknowtheyhavealotofit.Buthappiness,likeairorwater,isa1thingtograspinone’shand.Sohowdoesoneknowiftheyhaveit?Isitjusta2?Andifsomeonedoesnotfeelhappy,howcantheygoabout3thatfeeling?Happinessisnot4bymaterialwealth.Anewcarortelevision,awaterskiingboatorathree-levelhouseisnot5tojoyfulfeelings.Theyarestatussymbols,surely,buttheydon’t6ahappylife.Peoplewhohavewealthcanbe7,justasthepoorcanbelivingjoyfully.Possessionscanbe8andlost,andwiththatcomesfear.Andfear9leadstohappiness.Soifitisn’t“stuff”thatgainshappiness,thenwhatcan?Well,10can.Peopleneedtohaveasenseofpurpose.Thesepeopleoftenhaveafeelingofsatisfaction.Theysensetheywereputonthisplanetfora11.Toeachperson,thispurposecanbe12.Maybetheyweremeanttoteach.Maybetheyweremeanttolearn.Andgoalscanbe13things,liketakinganextramomenteachdaytobreathe.Buthaving14inlife,afeelingofmovingforward,canmakepeoplefeelhappy.Buttakingthatforwardmotiontoo15canbeabadthing.Successattheexpenseofeverythingelseleadstothe16ofhappiness.Liferequires17.Andpeoplewhounderstandthereisabalancebetweenworkand18aremoreintunewiththeuniverseand,therefore,betterabletoachievehappiness.Lifewithabitofhumorismore19.Sopeoplecanbehappyiftheyhavesomethingtostriveforandsomethingto20about.1．A．vital B．hard C．strange D．magic2．A．feeling B．sign C．gift D．reward3．A．ignoring B．replacing C．achieving D．checking4．A．measured B．exchanged C．bought D．controlled5．A．close B．similar C．harmful D．equal6．A．change B．guarantee C．start D．influence7．A．proud B．stressed C．rude D．unhappy8．A．borrowed B．robbed C．gained D．returned9．A．rarely B．always C．even D．still10．A．money B．jobs C．love D．goals11．A．moment B．trip C．reason D．position12．A．rewarding B．different C．challenging D．impractical13．A．meaningful B．small C．instructive D．significant14．A．creativity B．power C．wealth D．progress15．A．far B．high C．late D．slowly16．A．result B．change C．opposite D．imagination17．A．balance B．care C．emotion D．friendship18．A．music B．play C．art D．study19．A．different B．worthwhile C．beneficial D．pleasant20．A．worry B．talk C．laugh D．think二、阅读选择AInancienttimes,ourancestorsreliedonstarstoguidethemonaclearnight.Today,wehavenavigationalsystemstohelpusfindourway,withthelatestbeingtheBeidouNavigationSatelliteSystem(BDS).TheBDSisentirelybuiltbyChineseengineers.WiththelaunchofthelastsatellitefromtheXichangSatelliteLaunchCenteronJune23,theglobalnetworkof59satelliteshasbeencompleted.OnJuly31,Beidoustartedprovidingfull-scaleglobalservices.It’sdifficulttoimaginethedramaticimpactthosesatellites,orbitingtheEarth,haveonourdailylives.WhenyouunlockoneofHellobike’sbicycles,youareusingtheBDS.Thepopularbike-sharingcompanycameoutwithtwonewbikemodelsthisyearthatareequippedwiththepositioningservice.“TheintelligentlockoneachbikereceivesBeidousatellitesignalsandsendspositioninginformationtothedatacenter,whichwillhelpcollectbigdataonthebikesandestimateusers’ridingdemandsinadvanceaccordingtothedata,”ChuYiqun,amanagerofHellobiketoldXinhuaNewsAgency.UserscanalsofindsharedbikesmoreaccuratelythankstoBeidou’sglobalpositioningaccuracyof2.34meters.However,theBDSdoesn’tjustworkoneway.Asthecountry’slargestspace-basedsystemandoneoffourglobalnavigationnetworks,alongwiththeUnitedStates’GPS,Russia’sGLONASSandtheEuropeanUnion’sGalileo,Beidouadoptsauniquetwo-waycommunicationsystem,includingitsabilitytoreceivemessagessentbypeoplefromareaswithpoorcommunicationsignals.Obviously,thisexclusivefunctionisn’tdesignedforuserstochatonline.Instead,itplaysarolewhendisastersoccurandcommunicationsareblocked.AftertheWenchuanearthquakein2008,allground-basedcommunicationfacilitieswereinterrupted.ThoughthefirstgenerationofBeidoucouldonlysend120charactersinasinglemessageatthattime,communicationbetweenaffectedareasandrescuecenterswassuccessful.Now,Beidou’smessagingcapacityhasbeenincreasedto1,200Chinesecharactersinasinglemessage.Itiswidelyusedindisasteralarms,automaticidentificationandinformationrelease.AsSunJiadong,formerchiefdesigneroftheBDSsaid:“TheapplicationofBeidouismerelylimitedbyimagination.”21．WhatcanweknowaboutBeidoufromthepassage?A．It’sabletoprovideworldwidecoveragefornavigation.B．ItslastsatellitewaslaunchedinXichangonJuly31.C．It’soneofthefiveglobalnavigationnetworks.D．It’sjointlydevelopedbyChineseandforeignengineers.22．WhyisHellobikementionedinparagraph3?A．TopresentthebenefitsandlimitationsoftheBDS.B．TohighlightthehighpositioningaccuracyoftheBDS.C．ToshowhowtheBDSmakespeople’sdailyliveseasier.D．ToexplaintheuniquewayinwhichtheBDSworks.23．WhatisthefunctionofBeidou’stwo-waycommunicationsystem?A．Tocollectinstantfeedbacksentbyglobalusers.B．Toallowuserstochatonlinemoreconveniently.C．Tomakecommunicationmorefunandefficient.D．Tohelppeoplewhencommunicationsignalsareweak.24．WhatdoSunJiadong’swordsinthelastparagraphimply?A．Beidoustimulatesusers’imagination. B．Beidoumaybemorehelpfulthanweknow.C．Beidouiscurrentlylimitedinapplication. D．Beidouneedstobefurtherperfected.BIt’shalfpast2intheearlymorning.You’vebeenworkinghardatworkandastrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyoujustatthismoment.Youtrytobusyyourselftomakeitgoaway.Butitdoesn’t.Hereisanothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup,likeyourmomusedtomakewhenyouweresickasachild.Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.Andtheyarenormal.ScientistsatthewebsiteHowStuffWorkscomparehungerandcravingsthisway.Hungerisafairlysimpleconnectionbetweenthestomachandthebrain.Theyevencallitsimply“stomachhunger”.Whenourstomachsburnupallofthefoodwehaveeaten,ahormone（荷尔蒙）sendsamessagetoonepartofthebrainformorefood,whichregulatesourmostbasicbodyfunctionssuchasthirst,hungerandsleep.Thebrainthenproducesachemicaltostarttheappetiteandyoueat.Hungerisafunctionofsurvival.Acravingismorecomplex.Itactivates（使活跃）brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger”.Peopleoftencravefoodsthatarehighinfatandsugar.Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.Ina2007study,researchersatCambridgeUniversityfoundthat“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving.”So,themoreyoudenyyourselfafoodthatyouwant,themoreyoumaycraveit.However,fastingisabitdifferent.Theyfoundthateatingnofoodatallforashortperiodoftimelessenedfoodcravings.So,thenexttimeyoucravesomethingveryspecific,knowthatyourbrainmaybemoretoblamethanyourstomach.25．Thearticlebeginswithtwosituationsinthefirstparagraphto______.A．deepentheunderstandingofhungerB．reportthediscoveryofcravingstudyC．introducethetopicofthewholepassageD．remindreadersoftheirownspecialfood26．Whatdowelearnaboutfoodcraving?A．Itshowsfoodislinkedtofeelings.B．Itensuresapersonsurviveshunger.C．Itmeansthestomachfunctionswell.D．Itprovesthebraindecidesyourappetite.27．What’sthelikelyresultofdieting?A．Thedecreaseofchemicals. B．Theincreaseoffooddesire.C．Therefusaloffatandsugar. D．Thedisappearanceofappetite.28．Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A．Thefunctionsofbrainareas. B．Whathungerisallabout.C．Thefindingsoffoodcraving. D．Whatdietingmaybringus.CCoca-Cola,whichreportedlyproducedmorethan3milliontonsofplasticpackagingin2024,announcedThursdayitwantsto“helpfixtheworld’splasticwasteproblemonecommunity(社区)atatime.”Thesodagiantisdoingsobyproviding$5.4millionforrecyclingprogramsincitieslikeAtlanta,Boston,DenverandHouston.Inthesecities,partners,likeTheGreenBlueInstituteandTheRecyclingPartnership,whichreceivethemoney,willworktogethertoimproverecyclingrates.“WefocusonareaswherewehavetheabilitytomakethebiggestinfluenceoncommunitiesthroughthefundingandexpertskillsofCoca-Colaemployees,”CarlosPagoagoa,Coca-Cola’sgroupdirectorofcommunitypartnerships,saidinastatement.“Ineachcity,localpartnerswillworktogethertoidentifybarrierstorecyclingonalocallevelandtestarangeofsolutions,”headded.“Wehopethelearningsfromthese‘modelmarkets’canoffersolutionstoothercitiesfacingsimilarchallenges.”Aspartoftheeffort,TheRecyclingPartnershipandthecityofAtlanta,wherethecolacompany’sheadquartersarebased,willsendstreetteamsouttoopenrecyclingcartsandleavecitizenscardsinformingthemwhattheycanandcan’trecycle,andletthemknowhowtheireffortswork.“TwoofthemosturgentproblemswithrecyclingintheU.S.todayarelackofaccess,followedbypollutioninrecycling,”KeefeHarrison,CEOofTheRecyclingPartnership,saidinastatement.“WeknowfromthesuccessofAtlantain2024thatthecitizenswanttorecycle,andthatcommunicatingwiththeminthestreetworks.”Lastyear,Coca-Colaannounceditstasktocollectandreuseabottleorcanforeachoneitsells,andincreasetheamountofitsproductsoutofrecycledmaterialsto50%by2030.Thebrandalsoaimstomakeallitspackagingfullyrecyclableby2025.29．WhatdoesCoca-Colacompanyintendtodointheprogram?A．Producelesspackaging.B．Helpdealwithplasticwaste.C．Pickupwasteincommunities.D．Buildaplanttorecycleplasticwaste.30．What’sParagraph2mainlyabout?A．HowCoca-Colaconductsitsprogram.B．Whatorganizationsparticipateintheprogram.C．HowCoca-Colachoosescitiesfortheprogram.D．WhatthelocalpeopledoinCoca-Cola’sprogram.31．Whatdostreetteamsdotohelp?A．Sortoutvariouswasteinthecity.B．Lookintothecauseofpollution.C．Instructlocalpeoplewhattorecycle.D．Handcardstothelocalsinperson.32．WhatdoesKeefeHarrisonthinkoftheprogram?A．Promising. B．Difficult. C．Pioneering. D．Costly.三、七选五Asasenioryearstudent,youmayhavesomanypressurescomingfromsomanydirectionsthatyoucan’tfigureoutwhattodofirst.33．Whenyouhavemanythingstodoandalotofdemandsonyourtime,youcanlosesightofwhat’simportant.Oneofthebestwaystoseethebigpicture–whatyouwantoutoflife–istolayoutyourgoals.PressurePointsandHowtoDealWithThemConfusedoroverwhelmed--34．.Discussyourconcernswithafriend,parentorteacher.Theymayhelpyoufindsolutionstoyourproblemsandworries.Beingtoohardonyourself–easeup,takeabreakanddosomethingyouenjoy.Daydream,readabook,gooutwithfriends–anythingthathelpsyourelax.Problems,problems,problems–recognizeyourlimits.It’stoostressfultotrytodealwithallyourproblemsatonce.35．Goal-SettingTipsIt’simportanttorememberthatgoalsbelongtoyou–nottoyourparents,yourteachers,oryourfriends.Afteryou’vesetyourgoals,identifytheskillsyouhavetoachievethosegoals.36．,dosomeresearch.Trythelibrary,yourguidanceadviserandteachers,andotherpeoplewhocouldhelpyou.37．.Ifyourgoalissomethingyounolongerwant,changeit.Identifythebarrierstogettingyourgoals.Considerwaystoovercomethem.Don’tgetdepressedbyabig,long-termgoal–seewhatstepsyoucantaketoachieveitandsetthosestepsdownasshort-term,“do-able”goals.A．ToomuchtodoB．Ifyou’renotsurewhatskillsyou’llneedC．talktosomeoneyoutrustD．GoalsexisttoserveyouE.BalancinggoalsinlifeF.Choosewhat’smosturgentandsetasidetherestuntillaterG.Aslongasyouknowwhatskillisimportantandwhatisn’t四、短文改错假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.留意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。Longjingtea,ithastoppedthelistofthetenmostfamousteasinChinawithitscolor,tasteandshape?isnamedafteritsproductionregion-LongjingVillageofWestLake.ThanksforEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty,theteahasearnedahighreputation.ThestorywentthatEmperorQianlongwasvisitedthemountainduringhisHangzhoutravels,andhesawsomeladiespickingtheteaatthefootofthemountain.Hewasveryinterestedintheirmovementsthathedecidedtohaveagohimself.Whilepickedthetea,hereceivedthenewsofhismother'sillness,sohecarelesslyputstheleavesinhissleeveandleftHangzhouforBeijing.HevisitedhismotherimmediatelyuponhisarrivalinBeijing.Hismothersmeltthefragranceofthetealeavesfromhissleevesandwantedtohaveataste.Afterdrinkingacupoftea,shefoundherselfcompletelyrefreshing,andsheevenpraiseditascureforallillnesses.Fromnowon,theteawaslistedasthetributetea(贡茶).五、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。WoodblockprintingfirstappearedintheearlyTangperiod.DuringtheSongdynasty,thetechniqueofblockprintingwasveryadvanced.Bookswere39．(beautiful)printed.Eventodaythebooks40．(print)atthetimearevaluableandtreasuredbylibrariesandbookcollectors.However,blockprinting41．(be)notveryconvenient.Everytwopagesofabookhadtobecarvedonawoodblock,andabigbookwouldrequiremanyblocks.Besides,therehadtobelargeplacesforstoringthebooks.42．(overcome)theseshortcomings,BiShenginventedthemovabletypeduringtheyearsbetween1041and1048.Onewordwascarvedononepieceofclay,43．washardenedwithfire.Thenclaycharacterswereseton44．ironplateaccordingtothetextofabook.Theninkwasappliedtothemand45．(sheet)ofpaperspreadoverthem,andtheprintingwasdone.BiSheng’sinventionmadeprintingfasterand46．(easy)thanbefore.Later,movabletypeofmetalandwoodwasmadeandwidelyused.ThetechniqueofprintingwasgraduallyknowntootherAsiancountriesandEurope.Thegreatinfluenceprintinghad47．theadvanceofcivilizationistoocleartoneedany48．(explain).专题01说明文（一）参考答案一、完形填空【答案】B2.A3.C4.A5.DB7.D8.C9.A10.DC12.B13.B14.D15.AC17.A18.B19.D20.C【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要向人们介绍华蜜是什么？如何才能实现华蜜的感觉。1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：华蜜就像水和空气一样很难抓在手里。A.vital至关重要的；B.hard困难的；C.strange惊奇的；D.magic魔术的;超自然的。依据“likeairorwater”可知作者把华蜜比作水和空气，水和空气是很难抓住的，故选B项。2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：怎么知道他们有没有华蜜呢？只是一种感觉吗？A.feeling感觉；B.sign符号；迹象；C.gift礼物；D.reward酬劳，答谢。设空处与下文“howcantheygoabout___3___thatfeeling?”相呼应，这里要表达的是“华蜜只是一种感觉吗”，故选A项。3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如有人不欢乐，他们怎么能实现这种感觉呢？A.ignoring忽视；B.replacing代替；C.achieving实现，获得；D.checking检查。依据前文“ifsomeonedoesnotfeelhappy”可知这里作者提出了假设：假如有人感觉不华蜜，又该怎么实现这种感觉呢？故选C项。4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：华蜜不是用物质财宝来衡量的。A.measured测量；衡量；B.exchanged交换；C.bought购买；D.controlled限制。依据后文“Theyarestatussymbols,surely,buttheydon’t___6___ahappylife.”可知作者认为车，电视等物质财宝虽然是地位的象征，但不能带来华蜜的生活，也就是说，华蜜不是用物质财宝来衡量的。故选A项。5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一辆新车或一台电视机、一艘滑水船或一栋三层楼的房子不等于欢乐的感觉。A.close亲近的；B.similar相像的；C.harmful有害的；D.equal同等的；相等的。依据前文“Happinessisnot___4___bymaterialwealth.”可知华蜜不是用物质财宝来衡量的，也就是说新车，电视机等物质财宝不等于欢乐的感觉。beequalto为固定搭配，意为“与……相等”符合语境。故选D项。6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们当然是地位的象征，但不能保证华蜜的生活。A.change变更；B.guarantee保证；C.start起先D.influence影响。依据前文“Anewcarortelevision,awaterskiingboatorathree-levelhouseisnot___5___tojoyfulfeelings.”可知作者一辆新车或一台电视机、一艘滑水船或一栋三层楼的房子不等于欢乐的感觉，也就是说这些东西不能保证你拥有华蜜的生活。故选B项。7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有钱的人也可能不欢乐，就像穷人可以欢乐地生活一样。A.proud傲慢的；B.stressed焦虑担心的；C.rude粗鲁的；无礼的；D.unhappy不兴奋的。依据后文“justasthepoorcanbelivingjoyfully.”可知作者认为穷人可以欢乐地生活，这里的穷人与富人形成了对比，结合前文作者认为物质财宝不等于华蜜，可知这里作者要表达的是“有钱人也可能不欢乐”，故选D项。8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：财产可以得到和失去，这一点带来恐惊。A.borrowed借；B.robbed抢劫；C.gained获得；D.returned返还。依据后面的lost可知这里在说金钱的得与失，故选C项。9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：而恐惊很少能带来华蜜。A.rarely很少地；罕见地；B.always常常；C.even甚至；D.still仍旧。依据常识，恐惊很少能带给人华蜜的。故选A项。10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，假如不是“东西”能带来华蜜，那又有什么能呢？目标也可以带来华蜜。A.money金钱；B.jobs工作；C.love爱；D.goals目标。依据后文“Peopleneedtohaveasenseofpurpose.”可知人须要有目标感，所以这里作者认为目标可以带来华蜜。故选D项。11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们觉得他们被带到这个星球上是有缘由的。A.moment瞬间；B.trip旅行；C.reason理由，缘由；D.position位置。依据后文“Toeachperson,thispurposecanbe”可知这些人都有各自的目标，他们觉得他们被带到这个星球上是有缘由的。故选C项。12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对于每个人来说，这个目标可能是不同的。A.rewarding有酬劳的；B.different不同的；C.challenging具有挑战性的；D.impractical不好用的。依据后文“Maybetheyweremeanttoteach.Maybetheyweremeanttolearn.”可知或许有人生来是教书的，有人生来是学习的，每个人的目标都不同。故选B项。13．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目标可以是小事，比如每天多花点时间呼吸。A.meaningful有意义的；B.small小的；C.instructive有教化意义的；D.significant重要的，有意义的。依据后文“liketakinganextramomenteachdaytobreathe”可知作者举了个例子，比如每天多花点时间呼吸，而多花点时间呼吸是一件小事，故选B项。14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是在生活中有进步，有前进的感觉，可以让人感到欢乐。A.creativity创建力；B.power力气；C.wealth财宝；D.progress进步。后文“afeelingofmovingforward（有一种前进的感觉）”是设空处的同位语，前进的感觉就是指取得进步，故选D项。15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：但是，太过于追求进步可能是件坏事，不会获得华蜜。A.far（用于谈及行为）过分到；B.high高；C.late晚；迟；D.slowly缓慢地。依据后文“Successattheattheexpenseofeverythingelse”可知有人以牺牲一切为代价取得胜利，这种追求进步的程度太过了，故选A项。16．考查名词词义辨析。句意：以牺牲一切为代价的胜利会导致华蜜的反面（不华蜜）。A.result结果；B.change变更；C.opposite对立面；D.imagination想象力。依据前文“Buttakingthatforwardmotiontoo___15___canbeabadthing.”可知作者认为过分追求进步会是一件坏事，坏事与华蜜是对立的，所以这里作者要表达的是“以牺牲一切为代价的胜利会导致华蜜的反面”。故选C项。17．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活须要平衡。A.balance平衡；B.care照料；C.emotion情感；D.friendship友情。依据后文“whounderstandthereisabalancebetweenwork”可知这里在谈论生活中的平衡。故选A项。18．考查名词词义辨析。句意：懂得工作和消遣之间平衡的人，更能与宇宙和谐相处，更能获得华蜜。A.music音乐；B.play消遣；C.art艺术；D.study学习。依据常识，生活中工作与消遣是相对对立的，人们须要平衡生活和消遣。故选B项。19．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有点幽默的生活会更开心。A.different不同的；B.worthwhile值得的；C.beneficial有益的；D.pleasant令人愉悦的。有点幽默的生活会更开心。故选D项。20．考查动词词义辨析。句意：假如人们有东西可以为之奋斗，有东西可以笑，那么他们就是欢乐华蜜的。A.worry担忧；B.talk说；C.laugh笑。D.think思索。依据前文“Lifewithabitofhumorismore___19___.”可知有点幽默的生活会更开心。这里与前文相呼应，假如人有为之奋斗的目标，有东西可以笑，那么他们就是欢乐华蜜的。故选C项。二、阅读选择A【答案】21．A22．C23．D24．B【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要说明白北斗导航系统的应用功能等基本状况。B【答案】25．C26．A27．B28．C【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食物渴望的定义以及对食物渴望的一些探讨发觉。推理推断题。第一段中“You’vebeenworkinghardatworkandastrongdesireforchocolateovercomesyoujustatthismoment.”和“Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlythingyouwanttoeatisabigbowlofchickensoup…”说明在两种状况下都会产生对食物的渴望，再有下面几段对食物渴望探讨发觉的介绍可知，文章以这两种对食物的渴望状况起先，就是为了介绍文章主题。故选C项。26．细微环节理解题。由第三段“Itactivates（使活跃）brainareasrelatedtoemotion,memoryandreward.Thesearethesameareasofthebrainactivatedduringdrug-cravingstudies.So,somescientistscallfoodcravings“mindhunger”…Foodsthatarehighinfatorhighinsugarproducechemicalsinthebrain.Thesechemicalsgiveusfeelingsofpleasure.”（它激活了大脑中与情感、记忆和嘉奖相关的区域。在对药物渴望的探讨中，这些区域也是被激活的。因此，一些科学家把对食物的渴望称为“精神饥饿”……高脂肪或高糖的食物会在大脑中产生化学物质。这些化学物质给我们欢乐的感觉。）可知，食物渴望的探讨说明白食物与情感有关。故选A项。27．细微环节理解题。由第四段探讨人员的发觉“dietingorrestrictedeatinggenerallyincreasesthepossibilityoffoodcraving.”可知，节食会增加对食物的渴望。故选B项。28．主旨大意题。文章第一段引起文章主题“Foodcravingsareastrongdesireforaspecifictypeoffood.”，其次段是“食物渴望与饥饿”，第三段是“食物渴望与情感”第四段是“食物渴望与节食”，可知三段的段落中心都是在探讨食物渴望的探讨发觉。故选C项。C【答案】29．B30．A31．C32．A【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了可口可乐公司将提高产品包装材料的回收率，直至其全部包装完全可回收。29．细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段Coca-Cola,whichreportedlyproducedmorethan3milliontonsofplasticpackagingin2024,announcedThursdayitwantsto“helpfixtheworld’splasticwasteproblemonecommunity(社区)atatime.”可知，据报道，可口可乐公司在2024年生产了超过300万吨的塑料包装。该公司周四宣布，希望“帮助一个社区解决全球塑料垃圾问题”。由此可知，可口可乐公司的安排解决一次全球塑料垃圾问题。故选B。30．主旨大意题。依据文章其次段Thesodagiantisdoingsobyproviding$5.4millionforrecyclingprogramsincitieslikeAtlanta,Boston,DenverandHouston.Inthesecities,partners,likeTheGreenBlueInstituteandTheRecyclingPartnership,whichreceivethemoney,willworktogethertoimproverecyclingrates.可知，这家碳酸饮料巨头为亚特兰大、波士顿、丹佛和休斯顿等城市的回收项目供应了540万美元。在这些城市，像绿蓝探讨所和回收伙伴关系这样的合作伙伴将共同努力提高回收率。由此可知，本段主要讲解并描述可口可乐是如何执行其安排的。故选A。31．细