河南省洛阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题（含答案）2

河南省洛阳市2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题姓名：__________班级：__________考号：__________题号一二三四五总分评分一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共37.5分）阅读短文，回答问题GreatBarrierReef（礁）MarineConservationVolunteerProgram—CairnsAreyoulookingformeaningfultravelopportunitiesthatputthefocusontheprotectionofeasily-damagedecosystemsandthreatenedmarinespecies?Thisprojectiswellsuitedtovolunteerswhowanttohelpwiththereefspeciesmonitoring,seaturtlerecoveryandweeklybeachplasticremoval.Volunteersmustbeatleast18yearsold,unlessvolunteeringwithafriendorfamilymemberwhois18orolder.Youaren'trequiredtohaveanyspecializedexperience,asyou'llreceivecomprehensivetrainingtoprepareforcarryingoutresearch-basedactivitiesatsea.Pleasenotethatyouneedtobeabletofloatandswimatleast50meters.PleasebesuretorateyourswimmingabilitywhenyouapplytovolunteerinAustralia.Allvolunteerswillbetesteduponarrivaltotheprogram.VolunteerscheduleFirstDay：Onyourfirstdayofvolunteering,youwillbeaccompaniedtoyourprojectbyourlocalstaff.Volunteerstypicallyworkinmorningandafternoonshifts（换班）thatlastaround3to5hourseach.Weekdays：Atypicalvolunteerdayisasfollows:7：30AMBreakfastatthevolunteeraccommodation.8：00AMVolunteersleavehomeandtraveltotheirproject.8：30AM-1：00PMVolunteerworkandalunchbreak.1：00PM-3：30PMVolunteerwork.6：30PMDinneratthevolunteeraccommodation.Pleasenotethisschedulewillvarydependingontheneedsofyourparticularproject.Toensurethesafetyofourvolunteersandrespectofothersinthevolunteerapartment,acurfew（宵禁）of11：00PMhasbeenputinplacefromSundaytoThursdayanda2：00AMcurfewforFridayandSaturday.1．Whatcanyoudointhisproject?A．Dodailybeachclean-ups. B．Countthenumberofreefs.C．Doresearchonecosystems. D．Helpimproveturtles'population.2．Whichofthefollowingistherequirementoftheprogram?A．Previoustrainingexperience.B．Adequateprofessionalknowledge.C．Basicswimmingabilityintheocean.D．Participationwithafamilymember.3．Whatdoweknowaboutthevolunteerschedule?A．Youdon'tneedtoworkalldaylong.B．Youhavetofollowthefixedschedule.C．Youtakeallmealsattheaccommodation.D．Youareguidedbythelocalstaffeveryday.阅读短文，回答问题Iwalkedintomyadviser'soffice,filledupwithdisappointmentandconfusion.TherecentcareerworkshopwhereIwasgivenadviceaboutfollowingmydreamdidn'tworkformeagain.Tobecomeaprofessorofbiologyhadbeenmydreamfor22years.However,afterabout4yearsinaprogram,IdecidedIdidnotwanttogoafteracareerinresearchafterall.Ibegantoattendcareerworkshops,hopingtheywouldhavethemagicalanswersIneeded,butwithoutsuccess.Finally,Iwenttomyadviser.Afterlisteningtomydeclaim,hecalmlytoldmethatinsteadoffocusingonfindingadreamjob,IshouldthinkaboutwhatIwasgoodatandwhatmademehappyatleast80%ofthetime.Heassuredmetherewasseldomaperfectjobandeveryjobhaditsuglybits.HealsosaiditwasimportanttofindajobIwasgoodat.Iwasrelievedtofinallyhavehelpfulandpracticaladvice.ButIdiscoveredthatfindingcommongroundbetweenwhatIlikedandwhatIwasgoodatwasnoteasy.Iloveddiving,butthephysicaldemandswerechallenging.Iwasgoodatteaching,asevidencedbymyfriendsbeforeandfavorablereviewswhenIwasateachingassistant,butIdidn'tlikerepeatingthesamecontenteveryyear.Throughmyteachingexperience,however,IalsolearnedthatIlovedtellingstoriesaboutscience.MaybesciencecommunicationwouldofferwhatIwaslookingfor.Totestthewaters,duringmy"sparetime"Istartedablogaboutthehistoryofscientificdiscoveries.IfoundthatIlovedthefreedomtochoosewhattowriteabout.AsforwhetherIwasanygoodatit,thesignswerepromising.Mywritinggotnoticed,eventuallybypeopleatmyinstitution,andIwasgivenchancestowritepressreleasesandstoriesfortheuniversity'snewsoffice.After3yearsofwriting,Iwasofferedapositionasasciencewriter.Itwasnothinglikemychildhooddream.ButIwashappy—morethan80%ofthetime.4．Whywastheauthordisappointedandconfused?A．Hislife-longdreamtobeaprofessordidn'tcometrue.B．Theadvicehereceivedfromtheworkshophadnouse.C．Hedidn'tlearnthemagicfromtheworkshopsuccessfully.D．Theprogramhedidwastedhimfouryearsoftime.5．Whatdidtheauthorthinkoftheadviser'ssuggestion?A．Itwastemporarilyuseful. B．Itsoundedquiteaverage.C．Itseemedchallenging. D．Itwasofusetopractice.6．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthefourthparagraph?A．Hedidn'tlikebiology. B．Hedidn'thaveastrongbody.C．Hehadnointerestinteaching. D．Hehadgoodcommunicationskills.7．Whatkindofpersonistheauthor?A．Activeandflexible. B．Focusedandhumorous.C．Determinedandeasy-going. D．Hard-workingandindependent.阅读短文，回答问题Aseriesoffast-movingglobaltrends,motivatedbytrillion-poundinvestments（投资）,indicatesthathumanitymightbeabletoavoidtheworstinfluencesofglobalwarming.Fromrenewableenergytomass-marketelectriccars,toplant-basedalternativestomeat,thesetrendsshowthatgreenhousegasemissions（排放）canbestopped.Nooneissayingthebattletopreventcatastrophicclimatechange—floods,droughts,famine—hasbeenwon."Theimportantthingistorecognizethatwe'reseriouslychallenged,"saysChristinaFigueres,formerUNClimateChief."Atthesametime,thefactiswe'realreadyseeingmanypositivetrends."Theworld'sappetiteformeatanddairyfoodsisrisingaspeople'sincomesrise,butunlessthisisentirelychanged,there'snowaytobeatglobalwarming.Thetasklooksdiscouraging—peoplehatebeingtoldwhattoeat.However,justinthelastyear,apotentialsolutionhasburstontothemarket：plant-basedmeat,whichhasatinyenvironmentalfootprint.Afoodthatlooksandtastesjustasgoodasmeatordairyproductsbutismadefromplants—hasattractedheavyinvestment.ItisparticularlyobviousintheUS,whereBillGateshasbackedtwoplant-basedburger（汉堡）companies.Perhapsevenmoretellingisthatmajormeatanddairycompaniesarenowpilinginwithinvestments,suchastheUS'sbiggestmeatprocessor,Tyson,andmultinationalgiantsDanoneandNestlé.TheChinesegovernmentin2017put﹩300millionintoIsraelicompaniesproducinglab-grownmeat,whichcouldalsocutemissions.Willthesetrendsmovefastenoughtoavoidtheworstofclimatechange?TheLSE'sNicholasSterniscautiouslyoptimistic,sayingthatwhathaschangedinrecentyearsistherealizationthatgreeneconomicgrowthistheonlylong-termoption.8．AccordingtoParagraph1,alargeamountofmoneyisusedto______.A．developtheeconomyoftheworldB．promotethesalesofelectriccarsC．raiseawarenessofenvironmentalprotectionD．stopthebadinfluenceofglobalwarming9．Whatisthemainpurposeoftheinventionofplant-basedmeat?A．Tochangetheeatinghabitofhumans.B．Tomeettheincreasingdemandofmeat.C．Toreducegreenhousegasemissions.D．Tosolvefoodshortageoftheworld.10．WhatisthefunctionofParagraph5inthistext?A．Toexplainthebackground. B．Tointroducethetopic.C．Tosummarizethetext. D．Tolistsomeexamples.11．Inwhichpartofawebsitecanthetextbefound?A．Environment. B．Society. C．Technology. D．Education.阅读短文,回答问题There'snothingbetterthanawalkinthecountrysideforliftingourspirits.Connectingwithnaturehasbeenproventohelpourmentalhealth.Forsome,therefreshingthingistowalkthroughaforest,butasweadmirethetreesthatsurroundus,it'sworthknowingthesetreesaredoingmorethanjustbeingnicethingstolookat.We'realreadyawareofthebenefitsoftrees—theyproduceoxygenandcleantheairwebreathebyabsorbingaboutaquarterofallhuman-causedcarbondioxideemissions（排放）.Butthere'smoretotheseimpressiveformsofvegetationthanwemightthink.Researchershavediscoveredevidencethatprovestheyareactuallyintelligent.It'sthoughtthattreestalkandshareresourcesrightunderourfeet,usingafungal（真菌的）network.Underthegroundaretreeroots,andmixedamongthem,arethousandsofsuperfinethreadsoffungi.Andresearchhasshownthattheyareallinterconnected.Theycanhelpeachotherbysharingnutrients,andtheycanevenwarnofapproachingthreats.Scientistssayit'slikethetreesaretalkingtooneanother.EcologistSuzanneSimardhascalledthisnetworktheWoodWideWeb.Shediscoveredthatparenttreesusethisnetworktohelptheiroffspring（后代）.Shesaid,"Wefoundthattheparenttreeswouldfavourthoseoffspringbysendingthemmorenutrients."Shealsofoundthattreesaresmartenoughtochangetheirbehaviourandhavemanagedtoadaptandsurviveinachangingenvironment.Soitseemstreesreallyarethestarsofournaturalworld,andwitharoundahugenumberofthemonourplanet,it'stimetoshowthemsomerespectifwewantthemtogrowhealthily.12．What'sthebenefitofbeingsurroundedbytrees?A．Increasingourintelligence. B．Improvingourmentalhealth.C．Loweringtheriskofdiseases. D．Developingourtasteforbeauty.13．Howdotreestalktoeachother?A．Bychangingtheirbehavior.B．Bychangingtheirenvironment.C．Bywavingtoeachotherwiththeirleaves.D．Byusingthreadsoffungiundertheground.14．What'sthepossiblewayforparenttreestohelptheiroffspringsurvive?A．Theyinterconnectallthetrees.B．Theychoosethesmartestoffspring.C．Theysendtheiroffspringmorenutrients.D．Theywarntheiroffspringofapproachingthreats.15．What'sthebesttitleofthetext?A．CleverTrees. B．TheFunctionsofTrees.C．NaturalSelection. D．EnvironmentalProtection.二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题,共12.5分）阅读七选五Areyoustressedout,scaredorworriedallthetime?Doyouavoidgoingtocertainplaces,seeingfriendsordoingcertainthingsbecauseofyourworries?Doyourworrieskeepyouawakeatnight?16．Anxietyisanormalandnecessarypartoflife.Anxietyisyourbrain'swayoftellingyouaboutdanger.Itisanxietythathelpsyoujumpoutofthewayifacarisspeedingtowardsyou.Butifitgetsoutofhand,anxietycangetinthewayofyougettingonwithlifeandcanbecomearealproblem.17．Anxietyisanormalpartoflife.18．Therearelotsofreasonsforthis.Onemainreasonisafterstressfulthingwhichhashappenedinyourlife.Soifyouareinvolvedinacarcrash,it'squitelikelythatyouwillbemoreworriedthanotherpeoplearoundcarsanddriving.19．Ifyourparentssufferfromanxiety,thenyouaremorelikelytobeanxioustoo.Thisisprobablypartlyduetogenetics,andpartlybecauseofhowthingsarewhenyou'regrowingup.Eventhoughpeopledon'ttalkaboutitmuch,anxietyisoneofthemostcommonmentalhealthproblems.About1in4peoplewillhaveananxietyproblematsometimeintheirlife.Ifyouhaveananxietyproblem,it'shardforotherpeopletounderstandwhysomethingthatdoesn'tworrythem,likebeinginacrowdofpeople,canbesoscaryforyou.Thiscanmakeyoufeelseparatedandlonely,aswaybecomeworseandworse.20．Theseincludetalkingtherapies（疗法）anddrugs.A.Ifthisisthecaseforyou,treatmentmaybeahelpfulwayforyoutogetyouranxietyundercontrol.B.Beinganxiousalsoprobablyrunsinfamilies.C.Thegoodnewsistherearelotsofexcellenttreatmentsavailableforanxiety.D.Almosteverybodyhasacertaindegreeofanxietyincertainsituations.E.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasyifmovingtoanewplaceandsomemaygetoverlyanxiousincertainsituation.F.Thosesufferingfromanxietyneedothers'understandingbadly.G.Ifyou'veansweredyes,youmaybesufferingfromanxiety.三、完形填空（本大题共15小题，共15.0分）完形填空Jerrywasthekindofguyyoulovetohate.Hewasalwaysinagoodmoodandalwayshadsomething21．tosay.Seeingthisstylemademe22．,Iaskedhim,"Idon't23．it!Youcan'tbeapositivepersonallthetime.Howdoyoudoit?"Jerryreplied,"Eachtimesomethingbadhappens,Ihavetwo24．.Icanchoosetobea25．ortolearnfromit.Ichoosethe26．.""Yeah,right,butit'snotthateasy,"I27．."Yes,itis,"Jerrysaid."Lifeisallaboutchoices.Youchoosehowyou28．tosituations.Youchoosehowpeoplewill29．yourmood.It'syourchoicehowyoulivelife."Severalyearslater,IheardthatJerry'shomewasheldupbythreearmedrobbers.Therobbers30．him.Luckily,Jerrywasrushedtothelocalhospital.After18hoursofsurgeryandweeksofgoodcare,Jerrywasreleased.Whenherecovered,Iaskedhimwhathadexistedinhismindasthe31．tookplace.Jerryreplied,"AsIlayonthefloor,Ihadtwochoices:Icouldchoosetolive,32．todie.Ichosetolive.AnurseaskedifIwas33．toanything.Itookadeepbreathandyelled,'Bullets（子弹）'!Overtheir34．,Itoldthem,'Iamchoosingtolive.Operateonme'."Ilearnedfromhimthateverydaywehavethechoicetolivefully.35．,afterall,iseverything.21．A．interesting B．positive C．ridiculous D．special22．A．embarrassed B．confused C．amazed D．curious23．A．obtain B．get C．admire D．pay24．A．chances B．ways C．options D．ideas25．A．survivor B．rescuer C．victim D．leader26．A．latter B．former C．best D．latest27．A．protested B．declared C．approved D．assumed28．A．devote B．react C．contribute D．attend29．A．check B．affect C．reply D．explain30．A．beat B．arrested C．followed D．shot31．A．robbery B．killing C．accident D．mistake32．A．and B．so C．but D．or33．A．uncomfortable B．allergic C．random D．close34．A．laughter B．cry C．burst D．anger35．A．Hope B．Belief C．Attitude D．Dream四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）语法填空Nobody36．（like）tolose,butwemustacceptthatlosingispartoflife.Afterall,wecan'twinallthetime.Althoughlosingisunpleasant,itcanbeapositivething.Wecanlearnfromeveryfailure,whichmayhelpussucceedinthefuture.Butfirstwemustknow37．tobeagoodloser.Foronething,weshouldtakeapositiveattitudetowardsit.Wecanbeginbyrealizingthatlosingissometimesunavoidable.Therefore,wedon'tneedtobe38．（embarrass）.Wemustcorrectourmistakesandtryagain.39．isknowntoall,practicemakesperfect.Ifwepractice40．（lose）bycreatingchallengesfor41．（we）,wewillneverbeafraidoffailure.Foranother,weshouldbepolitewhenwelose.Ifweofferourcongratulationstothewinnerandshareinhisorher42．（happy）,ourdisappointmentwill43．（definite）goaway.All44．all,beingagoodloserwillhelpustosucceedinlife.Itmightbepainfulatfirst,buttherearemanybenefits.Goodlosers45．（respect）andadmiredand,mostimportantly,theywinintheend.五、书面表达（本大题共2小题，共40.0分）46．假如你是李华，你的英国朋友Judy最近总是感觉身体不适，来信询问你如何保持身体健康。请你根据以下要点，鼓励她改善身体现状。要点包括：1）表示安慰；2）提出建议；3）表达祝愿。注意：1）写作词数应为80左右；2）开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数；DearJudy,Yours,LiHua47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。Ellawalkedintothekitchenandtwirled.Shewaswearinganewdressandfeltlikeafamousmodel.Evenbetter,itwasadressshemade!Herveryfirstpieceoffashion!"Whatdoyouthink?"sheaskedherfamily.Theyallgatheredatthekitchentableforanearlyschoolbreakfast.ThescentofFrenchToasthungintheairandmadeElla'sstomachgrumble."Isthatthesecretdressyou'vebeenworkingon?"Momasked."Yes!Thisisit!Don'tyouloveit?"Ellatwirledagain."It'sverypretty,Ella.Ican'tbelieveyoudesignedandsewedthatallbyyourself!""I'msoproudofyou!Howlongdidthattake?"Dadsaidashereachedacrossthetableforthesyrup（糖浆）bottle.Ellapulledoutherchairandsatdown."Twoweeks!ButIthinkIcouldmakethenextonefaster.""Nicejob,Ella!Ican'tbelieveyoucansewlikethat!You'reonlyeightyearsold!"Mompraised.Ellasmiledasshepouredsomesyrupoverthepancakeonherplate.Itwasgoingtobeaperfectday.Thekidsatschoolwereexcitedaboutherdress,andshegotsomenicecommentsfromsomegirls,soshewashappyaboutthat.Thedaywentbyquickly,andbeforesheknewit,shewasoutsideforthelastclassbreakoftheday.Whataperfectday!Shethoughttoherselfassheswungontheswings.Ellaleanedbackintheswingandlookedupattheblueskyfullofwhitewispyclouds.Shesmiled.Thiswouldbethefirstdressofmanythatshewouldmake.Somedayshewouldhaveherveryownfashionlinewithallkindsofclothes.Shewouldbefamousoneday.Theschoolbellrangandthebreakwasover.Allthekidsweremovingslowlytowardthedoortogobackinside.Ellasatupstraightontheswingandwaitedforittostop.Whentheswingwasclosetostopping,Ellajumpedoff.Whenshelanded,sheheardaloudrip."Ohno!"shewhisperedasshemovedherhandtothebackofherdress.Itwasripped（撕破）allthewaydowntheback!Everyonewouldlaughather.Thiswasterrible!Paragraph1：Ellaspottedherteacher,MissMiller,nearthedoor,callingherintotheclassroom.

Paragraph2："What'swrong,Ella?"MissMilleraskedwhenshereachedElla.

答案解析部分【答案】1．D2．C3．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了招募志愿者的一项目。【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题，是一篇介绍类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。1．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Thisprojectiswellsuitedtovolunteerswhowanttohelpwiththereefspeciesmonitoring,seaturtlerecoveryandweeklybeachplasticremoval.”这个项目非常适合那些想要帮助监测珊瑚礁物种、海龟恢复和每周清理海滩塑料的志愿者。可知在这个项目中，志愿者可以参与到帮助提高海龟数量的工作中。故选D。2．考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Pleasenotethatyouneedtobeabletofloatandswimatleast50meters.”请注意，你需要能够漂浮和游泳至少50米。可知志愿者需要具备在海洋中游泳的基本能力。故选C。3．考查细节理解。根据Volunteerschedule部分中的“Volunteerstypicallyworkinmorningandafternoonshiftsthatlastaround3to5hourseach.”志愿者通常在上午和下午轮班，每次工作大约3到5个小时。可知，志愿者不需要全天工作。故选A。【答案】4．B5．D6．C7．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者对自己的事业方向感到迷茫和困惑，在导师的建议下，作者开始寻找自己擅长什么，以及至少80%的时间可以让自己快乐的事情。【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断和观点态度两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。4．考查推理判断。根据第一段“Iwalkedintomyadviser'soffice,filledupwithdisappointmentandconfusion.TherecentcareerworkshopwhereIwasgivenadviceaboutfollowingmydreamdidn'tworkformeagain.”我走进导师的办公室，心中充满失望和困惑。在最近的职业研讨会上，我得到了关于追随梦想的建议，但这次对我还是没有用。可知，作者感到失望和迷茫是因为从职业座谈会上得到了对他无用的建议。故选B。5．考查观点态度。根据第三段“Finally,Iwenttomyadviser.Afterlisteningtomydeclaim,hecalmlytoldmethatinsteadoffocusingonfindingadreamjob,IshouldthinkaboutwhatIwasgoodatandwhatmademehappyatleast80%ofthetime.Heassuredmetherewasseldomaperfectjobandeveryjobhaditsuglybits.HealsosaiditwasimportanttofindajobIwasgoodat.”最后，我去找我的导师。听了我的豪言，他平静地告诉我，与其专注于找一份理想的工作，不如想想自己擅长什么，至少80%的时间是什么让我快乐。他向我保证，很少有完美的工作，每一份工作都有不完美的地方。他还说找到一份自己擅长的工作很重要；以及第四段中的“Iwasrelievedtofinallyhavehelpfulandpracticaladvice.”终于有了有用而实用的建议，我松了一口气。可知，作者认为导师的建议是有用的。故选D。6．考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“Iwasgoodatteaching,asevidencedbymyfriendsbeforeandfavorablereviewswhenIwasateachingassistant,butIdidn'tlikerepeatingthesamecontenteveryyear.”我很擅长教学，这是我以前的朋友和我做助教时的好评证明，但我不喜欢每年都重复同样的内容。可知作者对教学不感兴趣。故选C。7．考查推理判断。根据最后一段“Totestthewaters,duringmy"sparetime"Istartedablogaboutthehistoryofscientificdiscoveries.IfoundthatIlovedthefreedomtochoosewhattowriteabout.AsforwhetherIwasanygoodatit,thesignswerepromising.Mywritinggotnoticed,eventuallybypeopleatmyinstitution，andIwasgivenchancestowritepressreleasesandstoriesfortheuniversity'snewsoffice.After3yearsofwriting,Iwasofferedapositionasasciencewriter.Itwasnothinglikemychildhooddream.ButIwashappy—morethan80%ofthetime.”为了试水，我在"业余时间"开了一个关于科学发现历史的博客。我发现我喜欢选择写作内容的自由。至于我是否擅长这项工作，种种迹象表明我很有希望。我的写作得到了注意，最终得到了我所在机构的人的注意，我有机会为大学的新闻办公室撰写新闻稿和故事。写了3年之后，我得到了一个科普作家的职位。这一点也不像我儿时的梦想。但我很快乐—80%以上的时间都很快乐.可知，作者不断尝试不同的职业，并根据导师的建议不断进行调整，最终找到了适合自己的职业。可推知，作者是一个积极且会变通的人。故选A。【答案】8．D9．C10．D11．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了为了避免全球变暖带来的最糟糕的影响，人们采取的各种举措。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。8．考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Aseriesoffast-movingglobaltrends，motivatedbytrillion-poundinvestments（投资）,indicatesthathumanitymightbeabletoavoidtheworstinfluencesofglobalwarming.”在数万亿英镑投资的推动下，一系列快速变化的全球趋势表明，人类或许能够避免全球变暖带来的最坏影响。可知大量资金被用于阻止全球变暖带来的恶劣影响。故选D。9．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“However,justinthelastyear,apotentialsolutionhasburstontothemarket:plant-basedmeat,whichhasatinyenvironmentalfootprint.”然而，就在去年，一种潜在的解决方案突然出现在市场上：植物性肉，这种肉对环境的影响很小。可知，植物肉的发明是一个为保护环境所做的小小举措。可推断，发明植物肉为了减少温室气体排放量。故选C。10．考查段落大意。根据第五段“Perhapsevenmoretellingisthatmajormeatanddairycompaniesarenowpilinginwithinvestments，suchastheUS'sbiggestmeatprocessor，Tyson,andmultinationalgiantsDanoneandNestlé.TheChinesegovernmentin2017put﹩300millionintoIsraelicompaniesproducinglab-grownmeat，whichcouldalsocutemissions.”也许更能说明问题的是，大型肉类和乳制品公司正在大举投资，比如美国最大的肉类加工商泰森食品（Tyson），以及跨国巨头达能（Danone）和Nestlé。2017年，中国政府向生产实验室培育肉类的以色列公司投资3亿美元，这也可以减少排放。可知，本段主要介绍了美国最大的肉类加工企业和中国政府已加大对新型肉类和奶制品公司的投资，而这些举措都能减少碳排放。可推知，本段的作用是列举一些致力于减少碳排放的例子。故选D。11．考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“Aseriesoffast-movingglobaltrends，motivatedbytrillion-poundinvestments（投资），indicatesthathumanitymightbeabletoavoidtheworstinfluencesofglobalwarming.”在数万亿英镑投资的推动下，一系列快速变化的全球趋势表明，人类或许能够避免全球变暖带来的最坏影响。可知本文主要介绍为了避免全球变暖带来的最糟糕的影响，人们采取的各种举措。可推知，在网页的环境部分可以看到这篇文章。故选A。【答案】12．B13．D14．C15．A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究人员已经发现证据证明树木实际上很聪明，它们通过真菌网络共享我们脚下的资源，母树还利用这个网络来帮助它们的后代。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。12．考查细节理解。根据第一段“There'snothingbetterthanawalkinthecountrysideforliftingourspirits.Connectingwithnaturehasbeenproventohelpourmentalhealth.Forsome，therefreshingthingistowalkthroughaforest，butasweadmirethetreesthatsurroundus，it'sworthknowingthesetreesaredoingmorethanjustbeingnicethingstolookat.”没有什么比在乡间散步更能振奋精神的了。与大自然接触已被证明有助于我们的心理健康。对一些人来说，在森林中漫步是令人耳目一新的事情，但当我们欣赏周围的树木时，值得知道的是，这些树木不仅仅是赏心悦目的东西。可知与大自然的联系已经被证明有助于我们的心理健康。故选B。13．考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“It'sthoughtthattreestalkandshareresourcesrightunderourfeet，usingafungal（真菌的）network.”人们认为，树木就在我们脚下，通过真菌网络交流和分享资源。可知人们认为树木通过地下的真菌网络交流并共享资源。故选D。14．考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Wefoundthattheparenttreeswouldfavourthoseoffspringbysendingthemmorenutrients”我们发现，母树会给这些后代提供更多的营养。可知亲本树木通过给后代输送更多的营养物质来照顾它们。故选C。15．考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文说明了研究人员已经发现证据证明树木实际上很聪明，它们通过真菌网络共享我们脚下的资源，母树还利用这个网络来帮助它们的后代。“聪明的树”作为题目最合适。故选A。【答案】16．G；17．A；18．E；19．B；20．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，每个人在某些情况下都会有一定程度的焦虑，作者介绍了焦虑产生的原因和治疗方法。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇健康类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。16．根据空前“Areyoustressedout,scaredorworriedallthetime?Doyouavoidgoingtocertainplaces,seeingfriendsordoingcertainthingsbecauseofyourworries?Doyourworrieskeepyouawakeatnight?”你是否一直紧张、害怕或担心?你是否因为担心而避免去某些地方、见朋友或做某些事情?你的忧虑让你晚上睡不着吗?；以及空后“Anxietyisanormalpartoflife”焦虑是生活中正常的一部分。G.Ifyou'veansweredyes,youmaybesufferingfromanxiety.“如果你的回答是肯定的，那么你可能正饱受焦虑的折磨。"符合语境，故选G。17．根据空前“Butifitgetsoutofhand,anxietycangetinthewayofyougettingonwithlifeandcanbecomearealproblem.”但如果它失去控制，焦虑会阻碍你的生活，成为一个真正的问题。可知上文说明了焦虑是生活中常见的现象，然后举例了生活中一些因为焦虑给人们生活带来的一些麻烦，可推知下文说明控制焦虑的方法：A.Ifthisisthecaseforyou,treatmentmaybeahelpfulwayforyoutogetyouranxietyundercontrol.“如果你也有焦虑失去控制的情况，治疗可能是一种有效的方法来控制你的焦虑。”符合语境，故选A。18．根据空前“Anxietyisanormalpartoflife.”焦虑是生活中正常的一部分。可推知下文说明日常生活中哪些情况会导致焦虑的发生，E.Somepeoplemayfeeluneasyifmovingtoanewplaceandsomemaygetoverlyanxiousincertainsituation.“如果搬到一个新的地方，有些人可能会感到不安，有些人可能会在某些情况下变得过度焦虑。"能起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选E。19．根据空后“Ifyourparentssufferfromanxiety,thenyouaremorelikelytobeanxioustoo.Thisisprobablypartlyduetogenetics,andpartlybecauseofhowthingsarewhenyou'regrowingup.”如果你的父母患有焦虑症，那么你也更有可能焦虑。这可能部分是由于基因，部分是由于你成长的环境。可知是在说明焦虑在家庭中发生的情况。B.Beinganxiousalsoprobablyrunsinfamilies.“焦虑也可能有家族遗传。"符合语境，故选B。20．根据空后“Theseincludetalkingtherapies（疗法）anddrugs.”这些包括谈话疗法和药物。可知是在说明治疗焦虑的方法，包括谈话疗法和药物治疗。C.Thegoodnewsistherearelotsofexcellenttreatmentsavailableforanxiety."好消息是有很多治疗焦虑的好方法。"符合语境。故选C。【答案】21．B；22．D；23．B；24．C；25．C；26．A；27．A；28．B；29．B；30．D；31．A；32．D；33．B；34．A；35．C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的朋友Jerry是一个非常乐观的人，即使在遇到十分凶险的情况时也依然保持着积极乐观的心态，这种处事态度深深感染了作者，也要作者受到启发。【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，连词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。21．句意：他总是心情很好，总是有积极的事情要说。A.interesting“有趣的”；B.positive“积极乐观的”；C.ridiculous“荒唐的”；D.special“特殊的”。根据空前"Hewasalwaysinagoodmood"和下文"Youcan'tbeapositivepersonallthetime."可知，他心情总是很好，是一个乐观的人，所以应该是总是会说一些积极乐观的事。故选B。22．句意：看到这种风格的人让我很好奇，我问他："我不明白！你不可能一直都是一个积极的人。你是怎么做到的?"A.embarrassed“尴尬的”；B.confused“困惑的”；C.amazed“惊奇的”；D.curious“好奇的”。根据下文的"Howdoyoudoit?"可知，作者对Jerry发出了疑问，说明Jerry的生活方式使作者感到好奇。故选D。23．句意：看到这种风格的人让我很好奇，我问他："我不明白！你不可能一直都是一个积极的人。你是怎么做到的?”A.obtain“获得”；B.get“理解，明白”；C.admire“钦佩”；D.pay“偿还"。根据空前“Seeingthisstylemademe2”和下文的"Howdoyoudoit?"可知，此处表示作者不理解Jerry的生活态度。故选B。24．句意：看到这种风格的人让我很好奇，我问他："我不明白！你不可能一直都是一个积极的人。你是怎么做到的?"A.chances“机会”；B.ways“方法”；C.options“选择”；D.ideas“主意”。根据下文"Icanchoosetobea5ortolearnfromit."可知，这是两种选择。此处表示每当不好的事情发生时，他都有两种选择。故选C。25．句意：我可以选择成为受害者，也可以从中吸取教训。A.survivor“幸存者”；B.rescuer“救援人员”；C.victim“受害者”；D.leader“领导者”。根据上文"somethingbadhappens"和下文Jerry家被抢劫并且受伤可推测出，在遇到不好的事情时，Jerry可以选择成为一名受害者或是从中学习。故选C。26．句意：我选择后者。A.latter“后面的”；B.former“前者的”；C.best“最好的”；D.latest“最近的”。根据上文可知，Jerry是一个非常积极乐观的人，因此他做出的选择也应该是积极向上的。很显然"tolearnfromit"是乐观向上的选择，Jerry会选择后面一个。故选A。27．句意："是的，没错，但没那么容易，"我抗议道。A.protested“反对，抗议”；B.declared“声明”；C.approved“支持”；D.assumed“假设”。根据空前"Yeah，right，butit'snotthateasy"可知，作者并不是很认可Jerry的观点，所以这里应该是反驳Jerry的话。故选A。28．句意：你可以选择如何应对各种情况。A.devote“致力于”；B.react“反应”；C.contribute“捐献”；D.attend“参加，出席”。根据上文Jerry提到面对不好的事情发生时，他会有两种选择可知，此处讲的是面对各种各样的情况你会做出什么样的反应。故选B。29．句意：你可以选择人们会如何影响你的情绪。A.check“检查”；B.affect“影响”；C.reply“回复”；D.explain“解释”。根据上文"Lifeisallaboutchoices."和下文"It'syourchoicehowyoulivelife."可知，此处讲的是你的选择也会导致人们如何影响你的情绪和生活，故选B。30．句意：抢劫犯开枪打中了他。A.beat“击败”；B.arrested“逮捕”；C.followed“跟随”；D.shot“射伤”。根据上文中的"Jerry'shomewasheldupbythreearmedrobbers.”杰瑞的家被三个持枪的劫匪抢劫了；以及下文中的"Luckily，Jerrywasrushedtothelocalhospital.”幸运的是，杰瑞被紧急送往当地医院。可推测出，抢劫犯开枪射伤了Jerry。故选D。31．句意：当他康复后，我问他，当抢劫发生时，他脑子里想的是什么。A.robbery“抢劫，盗窃”；B.killing“谋杀”；C.accident“意外，事故”；D.mistake“错误”。根据上文中的"Jerry'shomewasheldupbythreearmedrobbers.”杰瑞的家被三个持枪的劫匪抢劫了。可知，此处表示作者询问的是，当被抢劫时，Jerry在想什么，故选A。32．句意：当我躺在地板上时，我有两个选择：我可以选择生存，也可以选择死亡。A.and“和”；B.so“因此”；C.but“但是”；D.o