2022届高考英语一轮总复习-必修五-Unit-3-Life-in-the-future学案新人教版

2022届高考英语一轮总复习必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuture学案新人教版2022届高考英语一轮总复习必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuture学案新人教版PAGE2022届高考英语一轮总复习必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuture学案新人教版2022届高考英语一轮总复习必修五Unit3Lifeinthefuture学案新人教版年级：姓名：Unit3Lifeinthefuture必备知识·盘点夯基BIBEIZHISHIPANDIANHANGJIⅠ．单词立体巧记写准记牢语境运用核心单词1．__previous__adj．在前的；早先的2．__fasten__vt．系牢；扎牢3．__belt__n．腰带；皮带4．__flash__vt．&vi．(使)闪光；(使)闪现5．__guide__n．指导；向导；导游vt．指引；指导6．__lack__vi．&vt．缺乏；没有n．缺乏；短缺的东西7．__switch__n．开关；转换vt．转换8．__optimistic__adj．乐观(主义)的9．__material__n．原料；材料10．__recycle__vt．回收利用；再利用11．__dustbin__n．垃圾箱12．__button__n．纽扣；按钮1．AnewseriesofsimpleEnglishreading__materials__(材料)formiddleschoolstudentshascomeoutthisyear．2．(2020·浙江卷)ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon't__flash__(闪光)thesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour．3．Inourdailylife,rubbishshouldbeputintothe__dustbin__(垃圾箱)．4．Ifastudent__lacks__(lack)themotivationtostudy,heorshewillquicklybecometiredofstudying．5．__Guided__(guide)byhisteacher,ZhangMingsuccessfullymadeasmallmodelrobot．6．Accordingtotheairlinerules,wesuggestyou__(should)switch__(switch)offyourmobilephonebeforeboarding．7．(2018·浙江卷6月)Manycitieswithbansstillallowshopperstopurchasepaperbags,whichareeasily__recycled__(recycle)butrequiremoreenergytoproduceandtransport．8．Afterwe__fastened__(fasten)ourseatbelts,thedriverstartedthebusandheadedforourdestination．拓展单词1．__tolerate__vt．容忍；忍受→__tolerance__n．容忍2．__impress__v．(使)留下深刻印象→__impression__n．印象；感想；印记→__impressive__adj．给人深刻印象的3．__constant__adj．时常发生的；连续不断的→__constantly__adv．不断地4．__surround__vt．围绕→__surroundings__n．周围的事物；环境__surrounding__adj．周围的5．__adjust__vt．调整；使适应→__adjustment__n．调整；调节6．__press__vi．&vt．按；压；逼迫n．按；压；印刷；新闻→__pressure__n．压力；挤压；压迫(感)7．__instant__n．瞬间；片刻adj．立即的；立刻的→__instantly__adv．马上conj．一……就……8．__settle__v．定居；解决→__settlement__n．定居；解决9．__exhaust__vt．耗尽→__exhausted__adj．筋疲力尽的；疲惫不堪的10．__motivate__v．成为……的动机；激励→__motivation__n．动机11．__certain__adj．确信的；有把握的→__uncertain__adj．(反义词)不确切的；无把握的→__certainty__n．确信1．Wearein__instant__needofhelp．Pleasetellus__instantly__theyarrive．(instant)2．ThecityofHangzhouisreallyan__impressive__place．EspeciallythefamousWestLakealwaysleavesquitean__impression__onthevisitors．Iwasstrongly__impressed__byitsbeautythefirsttimeIvisitedit．(impress)3．Thefamousstarwasenjoyingthepleasant__surroundings__whenhewasrecognizedandwas__surrounded__byacrowdoffans．(surround)4．Thefirmis__pressing__meforadecisionandthe__pressure__frommyparentsisquiteunbearable,soIhadtoacceptthisnewjob．(press)5．Anofficialwassentto__settle__theproblembutdifferentopinionsoftwosidesdestroyedallthehopesofapeaceful__settlement__．(settle)联想积累：1．单复数意义不同的名词集锦①good善行；好处→goods货物②brain智力→brains智者③custom习惯；风俗→customs海关④instruction教授→instructions用法说明⑤pain痛苦→pains辛苦；努力⑥sand沙子→sands沙滩⑦time时间→times时代2．男女有别①steward乘务员；服务员stewardess女乘务员②waiter男服务员waitress女服务员③actor男演员actress女演员④host男主人hostess女主人3．后缀-ive形容词大观园①attractive吸引人的②impressive印象深刻的③creative创造性的④constructive建设性的⑤expensive昂贵的⑥active积极的⑦positive积极的Ⅱ．短语语境助记写准记牢语境运用1．__takeup__拿起；接受；开始；继续；占用2．__sufferfrom__患有(疾病等)；遭受3．__asaresult__结果；因此4．__begreedyfor．．．__对……贪婪5．__(a)lackof__缺乏……6．__bebackonone'sfeet__(困境后)恢复；完全复原7．__losesightof．．．__看不见……8．__inalldirections__向四面八方9．__sweepup__打扫；横扫10．__slideinto__(快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进……11．__remindsb．of．．．__使某人想起……12．__speedup__加速13．__catchsightof__看见语境运用1．Youwillhaveto__speedup__yourcar,oryouwillnevercatchupwiththem．2．IknowhowbusyyoumustbeandnaturallyIwouldn'twantto__takeup__toomuchofyourtime．3．Robert__slidinto__hisownbedroomwithoutbeingnoticedbyhisparentsatmidnightyesterday．4．Inordertobringhealthtohisfather'sattention,LiMing__reminded__him__of__thebadeffectofsmoking．5．Mary__sweptup__allthebrokenglassbeforehermothercamebackhomeafterwork．6．Itookacarefulsearchinthecrowdsattheexitofthestation,butIstill__lostsightof__mycousin．Ⅲ．句式运用速记背会原句知晓考点我会仿用1．Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached．由于缺乏新鲜的空气，我头痛。Hitbyalackoffreshair为过去分词短语作原因状语。1．(北京卷)订购于一周多前，现在书随时都会到。__Ordered__overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow．2．Exhausted,Islidintobedandfellfastasleep．我累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。形容词exhausted在句中作原因状语。2．(浙江卷)对他们的娴熟感到吃惊，我决定像他们一样好。__Amazed__athowskillfultheywere,Ideterminedtobejustasgood．3．Well,nowthere'sasystemwherethewasteisdisposedofusingtheprinciplesofecology．现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。where引导定语从句，修饰先行词asystem。3．他陷入一种难以分辨是非的局面。Hegotinto__asituationwhere__itishardtodecidewhatisrightandwrong．INC"核心素养·精讲层练HEXINSUYANGJINGJIANGCENGLIAN1．toleratevt．容忍；忍受eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展tolerancen．宽容tolerantadj．宽容的eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)tolerate(sb．/sb．'s)doingsth．容忍/忍受(某人)做某事(2)betolerantof/towards．．．对……容忍eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示表示“容忍；忍受……”的表达还有：①stand(sb．/sb．'s)doingsth．忍受/容忍(某人)做某事②bearsb．doing/todosth．忍受/容忍某人做某事③putupwith忍受；容忍eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Thegovernmentcan'ttolerateanyone's__destroying__(destroy)culturalrelics．②Ifneighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheir__tolerance__(tolerate)．提能—单句写作。③(广东高考写作)在一些专家的眼中，火星上的生活条件非常艰苦难以忍受。Insomeexperts'opinion,livingconditionsontheMars__areveryhardtotolerate__．2．lackvi．&vt．缺乏；没有n．缺乏；不足eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展lackingadj．短缺的；缺乏的eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)lack(for)．．．缺乏……lackfornothing什么也不缺(2)(a)lackof．．．缺乏……for/throughlackof．．．因缺乏……(have/thereis)nolackof．．．不缺少……(3)belackingin．．．缺乏……eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(W))温馨提示lack虽可作及物动词用，但不用于被动语态；lack作不及物动词用时，常与介词for连用；lack作名词用时，常与介词of连用；形容词lacking常与介词in连用。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Though__lacking__(lack)money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtoauniversity．②__Lacking__(lack)suchexperiencewillconstantlytroubleyouinyourbusiness．③Moreandmorehigh-risebuildingshavebeenbuiltinbigcitiesforlack__of__space．④Althoughsheisrichinknowledge,sheislacking__in__practicalexperience．提能—一句多译。他缺乏与他人交流的技能，因此在比赛中失败了。⑤__Helackedtheskilltocommunicatewithothers__，sohefailedinthecompetition．(lackvt．)⑥__Hewaslackingintheskilltocommunicatewithothers__，sohefailedinthecompetition．(lackingin)⑦__Lackingtheskilltocommunicatewithothers__，hefailedinthecompetition．(分词作状语)⑧__Forlackoftheskilltocommunicatewithothers__，hefailedinthecompetition．(介词短语)3．pressvi．&vt．按；压；逼迫n．按；压；印刷；新闻界eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))词汇拓展pressuren．压(力)；压强；强制eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(Y))用法归纳(1)press．．．against/to．．．把……压/挤/贴在……presssb．todosth．极力劝说/敦促某人做某事(2)underpressure面临压力；受到压力eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Outofcuriosity,thelittlegirlpressedhernose__against__theshopwindow．②Myfriendspressedme__toseize__(seize)theopportunity．③(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)Itturnsoutthatjustlookingatgreen,growingthingscanreducestress,lowerblood__pressure__(press),andputpeopleintoabettermood．提能—熟词生义。④Thepressis/arenotallowedtoattendthetrial．__新闻工作者；记者；新闻界__提能—单句写作。⑤__Nomatterhowmuchpressureyouareunder__，youshouldnevergiveuphalfway．无论你面临多少压力，都不要半途放弃。4．instantn．瞬间；片刻adj．立即的；立刻的eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)inaninstant＝instantly立刻；马上；弹指之间foraninstant一瞬间(2)eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(theinstantthat＝instantly,themoment/theminute＋从句,instantly/immediately/directly＋从句,hardly/nosooner...when/than...))eq\a\vs4\al(一……,就……)(3)on/upon＋arrive,reach,hear,see等动词相应的名词形式或动名词形式，表示“一……就……”。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Hemade__an__instantdecisiontoriskhisownlifetosavethedrowningchild．②__In__aninstant,hetookoffhiscoatandjumpedintothewater．提能—一句多译。一到达剧院，他发现朋友给他的票忘在家里了。③__On/Uponarrivingat__thetheatre,hefoundtheticketafriendgavehimwasleftathome．(on/upon)④__Theinstant/moment/minutehearrivedat__thetheatre,hefoundtheticketafriendgavehimwasleftathome．(instant/moment/minute)⑤__Instantly/Immediately/Directlyhearrivedat__thetheatre,hefoundtheticketafriendgavehimwasleftathome．(instantly/immediately/directly)5．takeup拿起；接受；开始；继续；占据eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展takeaway带走takeoff脱下；起飞takeout取出；扣除takein吸收；欺骗；理解takeon雇佣；呈现；承担takeback拿回；收回takeiteasy放轻松takeover接收；接管takedown写下；记下eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—写出下列句中takeup的含义。①Hewilltakeuphispostastheheadofthecivilcourtsattheendofnextmonth．__开始从事__②Areyougoingtotakeupthechallengeoflastingawholeweekwithoutarguing？__接受__③Wetriedtofindatableforseven,buttheywerealltakenup．__占用__④ShetookupthestorywhereTimhadleftoff．__继续__提能—用take相关短语的适当形式填空。⑤Internetshoppingwillreadily__takeoff__whenpeoplemakesurethatitissafe．⑥Hedidn't__takein__whathereadbecausehismindwasonsomethingelse．⑦Technologyisheretohelpus,butweshouldnotallowitto__takeover__ourlives．⑧Infact,non-verbalcommunication__takesup__about50%ofwhatwereallymean．⑨Ifyoudonot__takeback__whatyousaid,Ishallnotspeaktoyouagain．6．losesightof看不见eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展catchsightof看到；看见comeintosight进入视野；映入眼帘atthesightof．．．一看见……就……atfirstsight乍一看withinsight在视野内outofsight在视野外；在看不见的地方eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练根据语境用sight的相关词语完成下列小片段。Ontheirwaytothebusstation,LiYingandZhangHuafeltverysad．Theystillrememberedtheparty．ThemomentLiYing①__caughtsightof__(看见)ZhangHua,shedecidedhewasthemanshewantedtomarryandZhangHuafeltthesame．Clearly,theyfellinlove②__atfirstsight__(乍一看)．ButLiYing'sfatherexpectedhertomarryarichman．LiYinghadtogohometopersuadeherfathertogiveuptheidea．Thebuswas③__in/withinsight__(在视野内)．Thenshegotonthebus,uncertainaboutwhetherhisfatherwouldacceptZhangHua．ZhangHuawatchedthebusuntilitwas④__outofsight__(看不见),feelingratherhelplessandhopeless．7．speedup加速；加快eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展(1)gatherspeed/pickupspeed加速(2)athigh/low/full/topspeed以高/低/全/最高速ataspeedof．．．以……速度atthespeedoflight/sound以光/声速(3)slowdown(＝reducespeed)减速eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Ifweshouldthrowtheballat__a__speedofaboutfivemilesasecond,itwouldn'tfallbacktotheground．②Distanceswerenotaproblem,sinceradiowavescouldtravelgloballyat__the__speedoflight．③Moderninventionshavespeeded__up__people'slivesinsomeaspectsamazingly．④(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读)Theglowingplantsinthefuturewillspeed__upenergyproduction．提能—熟词生义。⑤Driverswhoarecaughtspeedingriskaheavyfine．__超速驾驶__提能—单句写作。⑥Weallneedto__speeduptoaccomplishourtask__aheadoftime．我们都需要加快速度以争取提前完成任务。8．Hitbyalackoffreshair，myheadached．由于缺乏新鲜的空气，我头痛。本句的画线部分为过去分词短语作原因状语，相当于Becausemyheadwashitbyalackoffreshair。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(G))归纳拓展过去分词(短语)在句中作状语时，可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随等情况，一般表示被动或完成。使用时应注意两点：一是过去分词的逻辑主语必须与句子主语一致；二是过去分词表示的动作与句子的主语一般为被动或完成关系。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①If__given__(give)thesametreatment,thepatientissuretogetwell．②Generallyspeaking,when__taken__(take)accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect．③Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,__exhausted__(exhaust)．④__Located__(locate)inthecentraldistrict,theXi'anHoteloffersthebestservicewiththelowestprice．⑤__Offered__(offer)animportantroleinanewmovie,Andyhasgotachancetobecomefamous．⑥__Given__(give)therightkindoftraining,theseteenagesoccerplayersmayonedaygrowintointernationalstars．⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)__Shown__(show)thisSundayafternoon,thefilmwilllasttwohours．提能—一句多译。从高层建筑物上看，公园看上去更漂亮。⑧__Whenitisseenfrom__thetopofthehighbuilding,theparklooksevenmorebeautiful．(时间状语从句)⑨__Seenfrom__thetopofthehighbuilding,theparklooksevenmorebeautiful．(分词作状语)⑩__Seeingfrom__thetopofthehighbuilding,Ifindtheparkevenmorebeautiful．(分词作状语)9．Exhausted，Islidintobedandfellfastasleep．我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。Exhausted用作状语。用法归纳形容词(短语)作状语可以表示方式、原因或伴随状况等，可位于句首、句末或句中，常用逗号与句子其他成分隔开。注意事项形容词(短语)作状语时常用来说明句子主语的状态。如果用来修饰句子的谓语动词或整个句子，则应用副词作状语。eq\o(\s\up0(),\s\do0(C))层级训练夯基—单句语法填空。①Toourrelief,themissingchildreturnedhometendayslater,tiredbut__healthy__(health)．②__Surprised__(surprise)andhappy,hestoodupandacceptedtheprize．③Theboylayonthesofa,__relaxed__(relax)．④(2018·全国卷Ⅱ)__Luckily__(luck),Imetaverygoodteacher,whoencouragedmetotakesomemathclasses,businessclassesandhistoryclasses．提能—句式升级。⑤(全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)Iamworriedaboutmakingmistakes,soI'mwritingtobotheryoutocorrectthewordsandformatinthematerialIattachtotheletter．→__Worriedaboutmakingmistakes__，I'mwritingtobotheryoutocorrectthewordsandformatinthematerialIattachtotheletter．(形容词作状语)INCLU"高效演练·素能提升GAOXIAOYANLIANSUNENGTISHENGⅠ．单句语法填空1．Mygoodperformanceinthejobinterviewleftmeoptimistic__about__myfutureandaboutwhatIcandohere．解析：句意：我在工作面试中的好表现让我对未来和自己在这里能做的很乐观。2．Withonlineshoppingincreasinglypopular,theInternetisseenasan__efficient__(efficiency)wayofreachingtargetcustomers．解析：efficient“有效的”。根据语境中的increasinglypopular可知，网购是一种有效的方式，故填efficient。句意：随着网上购物越来越流行，网络被认为是一种有效的吸引目标顾客的方式。3．Ithink__what__impressesmeabouthispaintingisthecoloursheuses．解析：考查名词性从句。句意：我认为关于他的绘画让我印象深刻的是他使用的颜色。impresses缺少主语，故用what引导名词性从句。4．Her__motivation__(motivate)forwritingwasadesireforwomentogettherighttohighereducation．解析：句意：她写作的动力是渴望妇女获得更高一点教育的权利。motivation“动机，动力”。5．Insteadofblamingthechildwhohadbrokenthevase,shegavehima__tolerant__(tolerance)smileandlethimgo．解析：句意：没有责备那个打破花瓶的孩子，她朝他宽容地笑了笑，让他走了。tolerant“宽容的”。6．__For__lackofhumanprotection,thenumberofYangtzeFinlessPorpoiseisbecomingsmallerandsmaller．解析：句意：由于缺乏人类保护，长江江豚的数量变得越来越少。forlackof“因缺乏……”。7．(北京卷)Jimhasretired,buthestillremembersthehappytime__spent__(spend)withhisstudents．解析：考查过去分词作定语。time与spend之间是被动关系。8．It'simpossibleforhertohavemorefreetimetoaccompanyherparentsbecauseherworktakes__up__muchofhertime．解析：句意：她不可能有更多的空余时间来陪伴她的父母，因为工作占据了她的大部分时间。takeup“拿起，占据(时间或空间)”。9．Whatwasso__impressive__(impress)aboutJasmineWestland'svictorywasthatshecamefirstinthemarathonbare-footed．解析：句意：JasmineWestland打动人的地方是她赤脚在马拉松比赛中得了第一名。impressive“打动人的，有感染力的”。10．Briggswilltake__over__asgeneralmanagerwhenMitchellretires．解析：句意：Mitchell退休后，Briggs将会接管当总经理。takeover“接管”。11．(江苏卷)In1963theUNsetuptheworldFoodProgramme,oneof__whose__purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation．解析：考查定语从句。句意：1963年，联合国建立了世界粮食计划署，目的之一是减轻世界范围的饥饿问题。12．Making__a__goodimpressionontheinterviewersisofvital__importance__(important)．解析：句意：给面试官留下好的印象是极其重要的。固定搭配leave/makeagoodimpressiononsb．＝leave/makesb．agoodimpression，故第一空应填入a。beofimportance＝beimportant。13．Itisdifficultforustoimagine__what__lifewaslikeforslavesintheancientworld．解析：考查名词性从句。句意：对我们来说，想像奴隶们在古代的生活是什么样子是很难的。空格处引导宾语从句，从句中belike后缺少宾语，故用what引导。14．__Left__(leave)athomereadingallday,theboyfeltverylonelyandwishedtogoouttoplaywithhisfriends．解析：考查非谓语动词。leave在这里表示“留下”，与主语theboy之间构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作状语。15．(江苏卷)Wechoosethishotelbecausethepriceforanighthereisdownto$20,halfof__what__itusedtocharge．解析：句意：我们选择这家旅馆，因为这里一晚的价格降到了20美元，这是他们以前要价的一半。what引导宾语从句，在从句中作charge的宾语。Ⅱ．单句改错1．Deeplyimpressedonitsbeauty,IfellinlovewithGuilin．__on→by__2．Ittookmeafewweekstogetusedtomynewsurrounding．__surrounding→surroundings__3．Theschoolcannottoleratecheatinexams．__cheat→cheating__4．Assoonassheenteredherownroom,shecaughtsightthegiftboughtbyherfather．__sight后加of__5．Althoughtheladylookselegant,actuallysheishardtogetalong．__along后加with__6．Thetrainpickedspeedandsoondisappearedoutofsight．__pick后加up__Ⅲ．单句写作1．因为缺乏勇气，他们在中途放弃了。(分词作状语；lack)__Lackingcourage，theygaveuphalfway．__2．(2020·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)被绿树环绕的农场坐落在我们学校附近的山脚下。(surround)__Surroundedbygreentrees，thefarmislocatedatthefootofthehillnearourschool．__3．她时常向我抱怨，那里的工作条件让人难以忍受。(be＋adj．＋todo；tolerate)__Shecomplainedtomeconstantlythattheworkingconditionstherewerehardtotolerate．__4．安妮溜进那个带家具的房间，却没有找到那本小说集。(slideinto；collection)__Anneslidintothefurnishedroom，butdidn'tfindthatcollectionofnovels．__5．又累又渴，他走进一家茶馆，一个机器人服务员迅速过来招待他。(形容词作状语)__Tiredandthirsty，hewentintoatea-houseandarobotwaiterquicklycameuptoservehim．__Ⅳ．语篇填空Atfirstmynewsurroundingsweredifficult__1．totolerate__(tolerate)．Theairseemedthin,asthoughitscombinationofgaseshadlittleoxygenleft．Hitby__2．a__lackoffreshair,myheadached．JustasItriedtomakethenecessary__3．adjustment__(adjust)tothisnewsituation,WangPingappeared．“Putonthismask，”headvised．“It'llmakeyoufeelmuchbetter．”Hehanded__4．it__tomeandimmediatelyhurriedmethroughtoasmallroomnearbyforarest．Ifelt__5．better__(good)innotime．SoonIwasback__6．on__myfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollectahoveringcarriage__7．driven__(drive)bycomputer．Thesecarriagesfloat__8．above__thegroundandbybendingorpressingdowninyourseat,youcanmoveswiftly．WangPingfastenedmysafetybelt__9．and__