2024届高考英语复习名词性从句总结讲义

名词性从句

连接词

连接词不作任何句子成分,不可省略，只引导从句；that,if,whether

连接代词作主语、宾语、表语：what,which,who,whoin,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,

whomever

连接副词作状语:when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however

一.主语从句

主语从句在句子中作主语，在主语的位置上，或在句末，用形式主语il代替。

从句作主语时，谓语动词为单数。

WhatIdoisakindoflegwork.

Thatshewantsmetobedeadworriesmealot.

Whyhelovesmeisunknown.

Whenandwherehewilleatisimportant.

Itisapitythathehatesme.

Ilremainstobeseenwhether/ifhelovesthegirl.

Tips:主语从句的that绝对不能省去。

Lit作形式主语——代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构。

2.用it作形式主语的结构

(1)It+be+名词+thal从句

Itisapity/ashame/afact/anhonor/commonknowledge/nowonderthat...

(2)It+be+形容词+that从句

Itisnecessary/important/likely/certain/natural/strangethat...

(3)It+be+过去分词+that从句

Itistold/reported/said/hasbeenprovedthat...

Itissuggested/advised/requested/required/ordered/insistedthat...(should)+do...

(4)It+不及物动词+that从句

Itseems/appears/happens/matter/remainstobedonethat...

3.主语从句不可位于句首的情况：

(l)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首.

(2)Itissaid(reported)…结构中的主语从句不可提前.

ItissaidthatPresidentJingowillvisitourschoolnextweek(right)

ThatPresidentJiangwillvisitourschoolnextweekissaid,(wrong)

(3)Ithappens.../Itoccurs...结构中的主语从句不可提前.

Itoccurredtohimthathefailedintheexamination,(right)

Thathefailedintheexaminationoccurredtohim.(wrong)

(4)Itdoesn'tmatterhow/whether…结构中的主语从句不可提前.

Itdoesn'tmatterwhetherheiswrongornot.(right)

Whetherheiswrongornotdoesn'tmatter.(wrong)

(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前.

Isitlikelythatitwillrainintheevening?(right)

Isthatwillrainintheeveninglikely?(wrong)

【练习】

[2021•刖i高考I卷】issobreathUtkiiigaboutIlieexperienceistheoul-uf-lhis-worklscenes.

1.What

二.宾语从句

作宾者的名词性从句，常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词)或介词之后。

黄金法则：一看引导词，二看语序，三看时态。

ShethinklhatIamawoman.

Teachersalwaystellmethallifeis10%whalhappensloyouand90%howyoureaclloil.

Youarewhatyousay.

Thatwilldependonwhethertheyenngetthechance.

WhetherIwillhavethetimeIamnotsureatthemoment.

ThebovknewwhenandwhereIhegirlwouldsaytheworstwords.

1.作动词的宾语

(1)由that引导的宾语从句(that通常可以省略):

1heardthathewantedtowa:chDeathNote.

(2)由what,whether(if)等引导的宾语从句：

Shedidnotknowwhathadhappened.

Iwonderwhetheryoucanflyonthemoon.

(3)动词+间接宾语+宾语从句：

ShetoldmethatAdamwasthefirstman.

2.作介词的宾语：

Oursuccessdependsuponhowmuchhealthwchave.

3.作形容词的宾语：

Iamafraid(that)I'vemadeamistake.

注意：that引导的宾语从句常跟的形容词：anxious,aware,certain,confident,convinced,determined,

glad,proud,surprised,worried,sorry,thankful,ashamed,disappointed,annoyed,pleased,hurt,satisfied,

content等。

也可以将此类词后的that从句看作原因状语从句。

4.it可以作为形式宾语

it可作形式主语，还可作形式宾语而真正的宾语that从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句

子中。

(1)动词find/feel/make/think/consider+it+adj/n+that从句…

(2)动词hate/dislike/enjoy/appreciate+it+that从句…

(3)短语动词seeto/dependon/relyon+it+that从句…

(4)固定搭配takeitforgran:ed/oweittosb+that从句...

Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.

5.Whether和If引导的宾语从句

(1)whether和if引导的宾语从句，不能省略，不作任何句子成分，但是有具体意义，意味“是否”

(2)宾语从句中有ornot,只能用whether

⑶whether引导的从句可以放在介词后，if不能4

(4)不定式前用whether

6.否定前移

谓语动词think,consider,suppose,believe,expect,fancy,guess,imagine等，宾语从句若含有否定意义,

要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。

Idon'tthinkIlostherfbrever.

【练习】

1.[2021,天津]ItseemedthatIhadbecomemyparentshadwantedmetobe.

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.whether

2.C

2.[2021•浙江】Cobb,forherparty,startedtoaskconferenceorganizerswhoinvitedhertospeak

shecoulddosoremotely

3.whelher##if

3.[2021•北京】Thepoorwomanwasn'tabletogivehimanyinformationaboutshelived.

4.where

4.[2020•浙江】Overthousandsofyears,theybegantodependlessoncouldbehuntedor

gatheredfromthewild,andmoreonanimalstheyhadraisedandcropstheyhadsown.

5.what

5.[2020•天津】MygrandmotherhelpedmebelievethatIcouldaccomplishIputmy

mindto.

A.wheneverB.whateverC.whereverD.whichever

6.B

三.表语从句

一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句

特殊连接词：asif,asthough，because

引导表语从句的that一般不可省略,if不能引导表语从句。

1)Thequestioniswhetherwecanmakegoodpreparationinsuchashorttime.

2)Thisiswhywecan'tgetthesupportofthepeople.

3)Butthefactremainsthat\vcarebehindtheotherclasses.

4)Youarewhatyousay.

1.连系动词有be,seem,appear,look,sound,smell,taste,feel,keep,stay,remain,等。

2.常用的表语从句结构：

thereasonisthat...和thereasonwhy...isthat...

It/That/Thisisbecause+表语从句(表原因)

It/That/Thisiswhy+表语从句(表结果)

【练习】

[2021•天津】WhatpuzzlesLily'sfriendsisshealwayshassomanycrazyideas.

A.whetherB.whyC.whatD.when

7.B

四.同位语从句

同位看从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。

1.同位语从句的功能

同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，

1)Theking'sdecisionthattheprisonerwouldbesetfreesurprisedallthepeople.

2)Theorderthatallthesoldiersshouldstaystillisgivenbythegeneral.

2.同位语常跟的名词

常用的名词有advice,news,fact,hope,idea,promise,question,suggestion,thought,truth,wish,word,

conclusion,doubt等

3.同位语从句与定语从句的区别

（1）同位语从句是对先行词的进一步陈述，含义相同的同等关系，说明具体内容。

定语从句是对先行词的修饰或限制，不说明具体内容。

（2）同位语从句的“that”不能省略。定语从句的关系代词“that”在从句中作宾语时可以省略。

【练习】

[2020•江方；]Itisnotaproblemwecanwinthebattle;it'sjustamatteroftime.

A.whetherR.whyC.whenD.where

8.A

【连接词用法总结】

1.that

that在名词性从句中不作任何成分，引导宾语从句时有时可以省略，引导主语从句、表语从句和

同位涪从句时不能省略。

2.whether与if引导的名词性从句

引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般用whether,不用if。

3.

意为“无论谁”,相当于anyonewho,可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句，

whoever

在名词性从句中作主语或宾语，无疑问的意思。

who可引导名词性从句,在句中作主语或宾语,意为“谁”,有疑问的意思。

意为，，任何（事物），无论什么东西，，,相当于anythingthat,可引导名词性从句或让

whatever

步状语从句,在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或定语,表示无范围的选择。

what可引导名词性从句，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语,表示无范围的选择。

意为“任何人,无论是谁”,可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句,在名词性从句中

whomever

作宾语。

whom可引导名词性从句，在从句中作宾语,意为“谁二

whichever意为“无论哪个、哪些”,可引导名词性从句或让步状语从句,表示有范围的选择。

可引导名词性从句，意为“哪一个”，在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语，表示

which

有范围的选择。

练习：用who、whoever、what、whatever填空。

1.Sarahhopestobecomeafriendofsharesherinterests.

2.hewitnessedinChinaarousedmuchinterestamonghiscountrymen.

3.youchoosetowearshouldbeclean.

4.willcometohelpwithmyEnglishhasn'tbeendecided.

5.Intexts,youdon'thavetodeclareyouarcorevensayhello.

【语法练习】

名词性从句做题两步骤：

第1步判断是否属于名词性从句；

第2步判断名词性从句中的连接词；

①若从句中缺少主语、宾语或表语，用连接代词：whatwhichwhowhomwhoeverwhomever等；

②若缺少状语就用连接副诃whenwherewhyhow;

③如果不缺少成分则要考虑意思是否完整，是否需要用whether/if;

④如果不缺少成分且意思完整用thato

【基础练习】

名词性从单句语法填空50题

Litisourresponsibility,soIdon'twantnowistopushittothestudents.

2.Researchsuggestsanincreaseinvoiceisasignalsomeoneislying.

3.Thesmallmountainvillagewespentourholidaylastmonthliesinisnowpartof

Hubci.（定语从句+名词性从句）

4.Hisfamilymembersgavesomeexamplesofhisdrinkingandsmokinghadaffectedthe

family.

5.IthasbeenprovedseveralnewkindsofmedicinehaveapositiveeffectonthecureofH7N9.

6.1tisnousedoingyoulike,youhavegottolikeyoudo.

7.Hejumpedoutofbedandrantothedoortoseetheparcelwasfor.

8.Youcancomplain,butIdoubtitwillmakeanydifference.

9.Thebrideandgroomgaveattendedtheirweddingsomegiftstosharetheirhappiness.

lO.HclcnhasjustheardthenewsfromherfatherherboyfriendDavidwillcomebacksoon.

11.ThemessageofSavingPrivateRyanishumanswantpeace,notwar.

12.Thereisstillsomedoubtthesystemwillworkeventhoughallthefactorshavebeen

considered.

13.Johnseemedpuzzledaboutthequestionmeant.

14.Theteacherwon'texplainitisthatmakeshisstudentssofascinatedbyhislessons.

15.Itisannouncedthatbigprizeswillgotofinishestheassignmentontime.

16.Thenewswewonthegameisexciting.

17.1havenoideahewillcomebackhome.

18.ThethoughtcametohimMaryhadprobablyfallenill.

19.Weshouldconsiderthestudents*requesttheschoollibraryprovidemorebooksonpopularscience.

2O.Thefactiswehavelostthegame.

21.That,sjustIwant.

22.Thisisourproblemlies.

23.Thatishedidn'tcometothemeeting.

24.Thereasonhewaslatewashemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.

25.Thelittlegirlwhogotlostdecidedtoremainshewasandwaittorhermother.

26.ThelasttimewehadgreatfunwaswewerevisitingtheWaterPark.

27.HehastoldmewillgotoShanghaitomorrow.

2R.Iwanttoknowhastoldyou.

29.Shewillgiveneedshelpawarmsupport.

30.hecompaniesareworkingtogethertocreatetheyhopewillbethebestmeansoftransportin

the21stcentury.

31.CouldIspeaktoisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?

32.thereislifeonthemoonisaninterestingquestion.

33.Thcfiredestroyedwasinthebuilding.

34.Weknowlittleabouttheyoungladyexceptyoutoldme.

35.1knownothingaboutherexceptsheisfromCanada.

36.Thequestionheaskedwastheelectricalequipmentshouldbestored.

37.thereislifeonanotherplanetisalmostimpossible.

38.Pleasegivethebooktowinsthefirstprize.

39.T11Cchancehewillallcudtheinccliiigisverylilllu.

40.ltsohappenedIhadnomoneyonme.

41.Markwonderedyouthoughtofthenewfilm.

42.Someofthescientistsheldtheviewthatthebooksaidwasright.

43.HewasdrivingatIthoughtwasafantasticspeed.

44.lthasnotbeendecidedyetthemeetingwillstartatthehall.

45.WhatwefeelexcitediswearepassingtheflameinShenzhennow.

46.Itisgenerallyconsideredunwisetogiveachildheorshewants

47.1amveryinterestedinhehasimprovedhispronunciationinsuchashorttime.

48.Itisprettywellunderstoodcontrolstheflowofcarbondioxideinand

outtheatmospheretoday.

49.Wehaveplentyofbookshere.Youmaytakeoneyoulikebest.

5().IknownothingaboutherexceptsheisfromCanada.

答案

1.what2.that3.where,what4.how5.that6.what,what7.who8.whether9.whoever

lO.that11.that12.whether13.what14.what15.whoever16.Ihat17.when

18.thal19.that2O.that21.what22.where23.why24.whythat25.where26.who

27.who2X.wh。

29.whoever3().what31.whoever32.whether33.whatever34.what35.that36.that37.that

38.whoever39.that4O.that41.how42.whatever43.what44.when45.that

46.whatever47.how48.what49.whichever5O.that

【加强练习】

1.AsportsguidelineforChina'spreschoolchildrenwaspublishedonJune9,2018inBeijing,saying

dailyexercisesforthoseintheagegroupshouldbenolessthan180minutesaday.

2.—IsittruethatMikerefusedanofferfromYaleUniversityyesterday?

—Yeah,butIhavenoideahedidit;that'soneofhisfavoriteuniversities.

3.Somepeoplebelievehashappenedbeforeorishappeningnowwillrepeatitselfinthefuture.

4.Byboatistheonlywaytogethere,whichiswearrived.

5.Ifyouswiminariverorlake,besuretoinvestigateisbelowthewatersurface.Oftenthere

arerocksorbrancheshiddeninthewater.

6.Readingherbiography,IwaslostinadmirationforDorisLessinghadachievedinliterature.

7.Hehasheartdisease.Thatishehasbeensmokingtoomuch.

8.Thefamilywasratherpoorbutthehonestmandecidedtogivethebagtoitsowner.Hegaveitbackto

Samandaskedhimtocheckthebaghad50goldcoins.

9.Followingthedeclineinhousepricesinmanysmallandmedium-sizedcities,therearenowsigns

housepricesinmajorcitiesmayalsobesetforaslide.

10.ThebrideandgroomgaveattendedIheirweddingsomegiftstoshareIheirhappiness.

11.NewplansforthecollegeentranceexaminationinZhejiangarcstudentshavetobetested

onChinese,math,Englishandanotherthreesubjectsastheyprefer.

12.mathematicsisoneofthemostusefulsectionsinhumanknowledgeiswidelyaccepted.

13.LiBai,agreatChinesepoet,wasbornisknowntothepublic,butsomewon'tacceptit.

14.WemustfindoutKarliscoming,sowecanbookaroomforhim.

15.一IwonderMaryhaskeptherfigureafteralltheseyears.

—Byworkingouteveryday.

16.Youhavetoknowyou'regoingifyouarctoplanthebestwayofgettingthere.

17.Wehaveleaniedfromthestorythatismostvaluableisnotwhatwehaveinourlivesbut

wehaveinourlives.

18.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That'sIgotwetthrough.

19.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddoIcantosavethem.

20.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethe

monkeyexactlyhewants.

21.Ifyouoftenfeeltiredandcan'tfocusyourattention,thatisyouhavetostopworkingtoohard

andtohavearest.

22.一Whatimpressesyoumostaboutyourhometown?

一Thestreet,thelengthofwhichisfourtimesitwaseightyearsago.

23.Thereisnodoubthewillpassthetomorrow'sexam.

24.Thedepartmentmanagerpromisedtoldherwhostolethenecklacewouldberewarded.Toher

surprise,numatlcrshesaid,therewasnuresponse.

25.Thenewly-builtcafe,thewallsofarepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,especially

afterhardwork.

26.Thenewshoppingmallwillbelocatedinusedtobeawastelandandahugegardenwill

beconstructedtherewerenumbersoftombs

27.—Janelooksdowntoday.Whafsup?

一Well,happenedbetweenJaneandmeisnoneofyourbusiness.

28.AirpollutionismostChinesepeopleareconcernedaboutnowadays,