2018年考研英语（一）真题及答案

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

英语(一)试题

SectionIUseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreach

numberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10

points)

Trustisatrickybusiness.Ontheonehand,it'sanecessary

conditionl_manyworthwhile

things:childcare,friendships,etc.Ontheotherhand,putting

your_2,inthewrongplaceoftencarriesahigh3.

4,whydowetrustatall?Well,becauseitfeelsgood._5people

placetheirtrustinanindividualoraninstitution,theirbrains

releaseoxytocin,ahormonethat6pleasurable

feelingsandtriggerstheherdinginstructthatpromptshumanstoZ

withoneanother.

Scientistshavefoundthatexposure8thishormoneputsusina

trusting9:InaSwissstudy,

researcherssprayedoxytocinintothenosesofhalfthesubjects;

thosesubjectswereready

tolendsignificantlyhigheramountsofmoneytostrangersthan

weretheir10whoinhaled

somethingelse.

11forus,wealsohaveasixthsensefordishonestythatmay12us.

ACanadianstudyfoundthatchildrenasyoungas14monthscan

differentiate13acrediblepersonandadishonestone.Sixty

toddlerswereeach14toanadulttesterholdingaplasticcontainer.

Thetesterwouldask,"What'sinhere?"beforelookingintothe

container,smiling,andexclaiming,"Wow!”Eachsubjectwasthen

invitedtolook15.Halfofthemfoundatoy;the

otherhalf16thecontainerwasempty-andrealizedthetesterhad

17them.

Amongthechildrenwhohadnotbeentricked,themajoritywere18

tocooperatewith

thetesterinlearninganewskill,demonstratingthattheytrusted

hisleadership._19,onlyfive

ofthe30childrenpairedwiththe"20"testerparticipatedina

follow-upactivity.

1.[A]on[B]like[C]for[D]from

2.[A]faith[B]concern[C]attention[D]interest

3.[A]benefit[B]debt[C]hope[D]price

4.[A]Therefore[B]Then[C]Instead[D]Again

5.[A]Until[B]Unless[C]Although[D]When

6.[A]selects[B]produces[C]applies[D]maintains

7.[A]consult[B]compete[C]connect[D]compare

8.[A]at[B]by[C]of[D]to

9.[A]context[B]mood[C]period[D]circle

10.[A]counterparts[B]substitutes[C]colleagues

[D]supporters

11.[A]Funny[B]Lucky[C]Odd[D]lronic

12.[A]monitor[B]protect[C]surprise[D]delight

13.[A]between[B]within[C]toward[D]over

14.[A]transferred[C]introduced[B]added[D]entrusted

15.[A]out[B]back[C]around[D]inside

16.[A]discovered[B]proved[C]insiste[D].remembered

17.[A]betrayed[B]wronged[C]fooled[D]mocked

18.[A]forced[B]willing[C]hesitant[D]entitled

19.[A]Incontrast[B]Asaresult[C]Onthewhole[D]For

instance

20.[A]inflexible[B]incapable[C]unreliable[D]unsuitable

SectionIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions:

Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsbeloweachtext

bychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.

(40points)

Text1

Amongtheannoyingchallengesfacingthemiddleclassisone

thatwillprobablygounmentionedinthenextpresidential

campaign:Whathappenswhentherobotscomefor

theirjobs?

Don'tdismissthatpossibilityentirely.AbouthalfofU.S.jobsare

athighriskofbeingautomated,accordingtoaUniversityof

Oxfordstudy,withthemiddleclass

disproportionatelysqueezed.Lower-incomejobslikegardeningor

daycaredon'tappealtorobots.Butmanymiddle-class

occupations-trucking,financialadvice,softwareengineering-have

arousedtheirinterest,orsoonwill.Therichowntherobots,sothey

willbefine.

Thisisn'ttobealarmist.Optimistspointoutthat

technologicalupheavalhasbenefitedworkersinthepast.The

IndustrialRevolutiondidn'tgosowellforLudditeswhosejobswere

displacedbymechanizedlooms,butiteventuallyraisedliving

standardsandcreatedmorejobsthanitdestroyed.Likewise,

automationshouldeventuallyboostproductivity,stimulate

demandbydrivingdownprices,andfreeworkersfromhard,boring

work.Butinthemediumterm,middle-classworkersmayneeda

lotofhelpadjusting.

Thefirststep,asErikBrynjolfssonandAndrewMcAfeeargue

inTheSecondMachineAge,shouldberethinkingeducationand

jobtraining.Curriculums—fromgrammarschool

tocollege-shouldevolvetofocuslessonmemorizingfactsand

moreoncreativityandcomplexcommunication.Vocational

schoolsshoulddoabetterjoboffosteringproblem-solvingskills

andhelpingstudentsworkalongsiderobots.Onlineeducationcan

supplementthetraditionalkind.Itcouldmakeextratrainingand

instructionaffordable.Professionalstryingtoacquirenewskillswill

beabletodosowithoutgoingintodebt.

Thechallengeofcopingwithautomationunderlinestheneed

fortheU.S.toreviveitsfadingbusinessdynamism:Startingnew

companiesmustbemadeeasier.Inpreviouserasofdrastic

technologicalchange,entrepreneurssmoothedthetransitionby

dreamingupwaystocombinelaborandmachines.Thebestuses

of3Dprintersandvirtualrealityhaven'tbeeninventedyet.The

U.S.needsthenewcompaniesthatwillinventthem.

Finally,becauseautomationthreatenstowidenthegap

betweencapitalincomeandlaborincome,taxesandthesafety

netwillhavetoberethought.Taxesonlow-wagelaborneedto

becut,andwagesubsidiessuchastheearnedincometaxcredit

shouldbeexpanded:Thiswouldboostincomes,encouragework,

rewardcompaniesforjobcreation,andreduceinequality.

Technologywillimprovesocietyinwaysbigandsmallover

thenextfewyears,yetthiswillbelittlecomforttothosewho

findtheirlivesandcareersupendedbyautomation.

Destroyingthemachinesthatarecomingforourjobswouldbe

nuts.Butpoliciestohelp

workersadaptwillbeindispensable.

21.Whowillbemostthreatenedbyautomation?

[A]Leadingpoliticians.

[B]Low-wagelaborers.

KDF

[C]Robotowners.

[D]Middle-classworkers.

22.Whichofthefollowingbestrepresenttheauthor*sview?

[A]Worriesaboutautomationareinfactgroundless.

[B]Optimists'opinionsonnewtechfindlittlesupport.

[C]lssuesarisingfromautomationneedtobetackled

[D]Negativeconsequencesofnewtechcanbeavoided

23.Educationintheageofautomationshouldputmoreemphasis

on

[A]creativepotential.

[B]job-huntingskills.

[C]individualneeds.

[D]cooperativespirit.

24.Theauthorsuggeststhattaxpoliciesbeaimedat

[A]encouragingthedevelopmentofautomation.

[B]increasingthereturnoncapitalinvestment.

[C]easingthehostilitybetweenrichandpoor.

[D]preventingtheincomegapfromwidening.

25.Inthistext,theauthorpresentsaproblemwith

[A]opposingviewsonit.

[B]possiblesolutionstoit.

[C]itsalarmingimpacts.

[D]itsmajorvariations.

Text2

AnewsurveybyHarvardUniversityfindsmorethan

two-thirdsofyoungAmericansdisapproveofPresidentTrump's

useofTwitter.TheimplicationisthatM川ennialsprefernewsfrom

theWhiteHousetobefilteredthroughothersource,nota

president'ssocialmediaplatform.

MostAmericansrelyonsocialmediatocheckdailyheadlines.

Yetasdistrusthasrisentowardallmedia,peoplemaybestarting

tobeefuptheirmedialiteracyskills.Suchatrendisbadlyneeded.

Duringthe2016presidentialcampaign,nearlyaquarterofweb

contentsharedbyTwitterusersinthepoliticallycriticalstateof

Michiganwasfakenews,accordingtotheUniversityofOxford.

AndasurveyconductedforBuzzFeedNewsfound44percentof

Facebookusersrarelyornevertrustnewsfromthemediagiant.

Youngpeoplewhoaredigitalnativesareindeedbecomingmore

skillfulatseparatingfactfromfictionincyberspace.AKnight

Foundationfocus-groupsurveyofyoungpeoplebetweenages

14and24foundtheyuse"distributedtrust"toverifystories.They

cross-checksourcesandprefernewsfromdifferent

perspectives—especiallythosethatareopenaboutanybias.

"Manyyoungpeopleassumeagreatdealofpersonalresponsibility

foreducatingthemselvesandactivelyseekingoutopposing

viewpoints/'thesurveyconcluded.

Suchactiveresearchcanhaveanothereffect.A2014survey

conductedinAustralia,Britain,andtheUnitedStatesbythe

UniversityofWisconsin-Madisonfoundthatyoungpeople's

relianceonsocialmedialedtogreaterpoliticalengagement.

Socialmediaallowsuserstoexperiencenewseventsmore

intimatelyandimmediatelywhilealsopermittingthemto

re-sharenewsasaprojectionoftheirvaluesandinterests.This

forcesuserstobemoreconsciousoftheirroleinpassingalong

information.AsurveybyBarnaresearchgroupfoundthetop

reasongivenbyAmericansforthefakenewsphenomenonis

"readererror,"moresothanmade-upstoriesorfactualmistakesin

reporting.Aboutathirdsaytheproblemoffakenewsliesin

"misinterpretationorexaggerationofactualnews"viasocial

media.Inotherwords,thechoicetosharenewsonsocialmedia

maybetheheartoftheissue."Thisindicatesthereisarealpersonal

responsibilityincounteractingthisproblem,"saysRoxanneStone,

editorinchiefatBarna

Group.

Sowhenyoungpeoplearecriticalofanover-tweeting

president,theyrevealamentaldisciplineinthinkingskills-and

intheirchoicesonwhentoshareonsocialmedia.

26.AccordingtotheParagraphs1and2,manyyoungAmericans

castdoubtson

[A]thejustificationofthenews-filteringpractice.

[B]people'spreferenceforsocialmediaplatforms.

[C]theadministrationsabilitytohandleinformation.

[D]socialmediawasareliablesourceofnews.

27.Thephrase"beerup"(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto

[A]sharpen

[B]define

[C]boast

[D]share

28.Accordingtotheknightfoundationsurvey,youngpeople

[A]tendtovoicetheiropinionsincyberspace.

[B]verifynewsbyreferringtodiverseresources.

[C]havesstrongsenseofresponsibility.

[D]liketoexchangeviewson"distributedtrust"

29.TheBarnasurveyfoundthatamaincauseforthefakenews

problemis

[A]readersoutdatedvalues.

[B]journalists'biasedreporting

[C]readers'misinterpretation

[D]journalists'made-upstories.

30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]ARiseinCriticalSkillsforSharingNewsOnline

[B]ACounteractionAgainsttheOver-tweetingTrend

[C]TheAccumulationofMutualTrustonSocialMedia.

[D]ThePlatformsforProjectionofPersonalInterests.

Text3

Anyfair-mindedassessmentofthedangersofthedeal

betweenBritain'sNationalHealthService(NHS)andDeepMind

muststartbyacknowledgingthatbothsidesmeanwell.DeepMind

isoneoftheleadingartificialintelligence(Al)companiesinthe

world.Thepotentialofthisworkappliedtohealthcareisvery

great,butitcouldalsoleadtofurtherconcentrationofpowerin

thetechgiants.ItIsagainstthatbackgroundthattheinformation

commissioner,ElizabethDenham,hasissuedherdamningverdict

againsttheRoyalFreehospitaltrustundertheNHS,whichhanded

overtoDeepMindtherecordsof1.6million

patientsIn2015onthebasisofavagueagreementwhichtookfar

toolittleaccountofthepatients'rightsandtheirexpectationsof

privacy.

DeepMindhasalmostapologized.TheNHStrusthas

mendeditsways.Further

arrangements-andtheremaybemany-betweentheNHSand

DeepiMindwillbecarefullyscrutinisedtoensurethatall

necessarypermissionshavebeenaskedofpatientsandall

unnecessarydatahasbeencleaned.Therearelessonsabout

informedpatientconsenttolearn.Butprivacyisnottheonly

angleinthiscaseandnoteventhemostimportant.Ms

DenhamchosetoconcentratetheblameontheNHStrust,since

underexistinglawit

"controlled"thedataandDeepMindmerely"processed"it.Butthis

distinctionmissesthepointthatitisprocessingandaggregation,

notthemerepossessionofbits,thatgivesthedatavalue.

Thegreatquestioniswhoshouldbenefitfromtheanalysisof

allthedatathatourlivesnowgenerate.Privacylawbuildson

theconceptofdamagetoanindividualfromidentifiable

knowledgeaboutthem.Thatmissesthewaythesurveillance

economyworks.

Thedataofanindividualtheregainsitsvalueonlywhenitis

comparedwiththedataofcountlessmillionsmore.

Theuseofprivacylawtocurbthetechgiantsinthisinstance

feelsslightlymaladapted.Thispracticedoesnotaddressthereal

worry.Itisnotenoughtosaythatthealgorithms

DeepMinddevelopswillbenefitpatientsandsavelives.What

mattersisthattheywillbelongtoaprivatemonopolywhich

developedthemusingpublicresources.Ifsoftwarepromisesto

savelivesonthescalethatdugsnowcan,bigdatamaybeexpected

tobehaveasabigpharmhasdone.Wearestillatthe

beginningofthisrevolutionandsmallchoicesnowmayturnout

tohavegiganticconsequenceslater.Alongstrugglewillbeneeded

toavoidafutureofdigitalfeudalism.MsDenham'sreportisa

welcomestart.

31.WhatistrueoftheagreementbetweentheNHSand

De叩Mind?

[A]Itcausedconflictsamongtechgiants.

[B]Itfailedtopaydueattentiontopatient*srights.

[C]Itfellshortofthelatter'sexpectations

[D]Itputbothsidesintoadangeroussituation.

32.TheNHStrustrespondedtoDenham'sverdictwith

[A]emptypromises.

[B]toughresistance.

[C]necessaryadjustments.

[D]sincereapologies.

33.TheauthorarguesinParagraph2that

[A]privacyprotectionmustbesecuredatallcosts.

[B]leakingpatients'dataisworsethansellingit.

[C]makingprofitsfrompatients'dataisillegal.

[D]thevalueofdatacomesfromtheprocessingofit

34.Accordingtothelastparagraph,therealworryarisingfromthis

dealis

[A]theviciousrivalryamongbigpharmas.

[B]theineffectiveenforcementofprivacylaw.

[C]theuncontrolleduseofnewsoftware.

[D]themonopolyofbigdatabytechgiants.

35.Theauthor'sattitudetowardtheapplicationofAltohealthcare

is

[A]ambiguous.

[B]cautious.

[C]appreciative.

[D]contemptuous

Text4

TheU.S.PostalService(USPS)continuestobleedredink.It

reportedanetlossof$5.6billionforfiscal2016,the10th

straightyearitsexpenseshaveexceededrevenue.Meanwhile,it

hasmorethan$120billioninunfundedliabilities,mostlyfor

employeehealthandretirementcosts.Therearemany

bankruptcies.Fundamentally,theUSPSisinahistoricsqueeze

betweentechnologicalchangethathaspermanentlydecreased

demandforitsbread-and-butterproduct,first-classmail,anda

regulatorystructurethatdeniesmanagementtheflexibilityto

adjustitsoperationstothenewreality

Andinterestgroupsrangingfrompostalunionsto

greeting-cardmakersexert

self-interestedpressureontheUSPS'sultimate

overseer-Congress-insistingthatwhateverelsehappenstothe

PostalService,aspectsofthestatusquotheydependonget

protected.Thisiswhyrepeatedattemptsatreformlegislation

havefailedinrecentyears,leavingthePostalServiceunableto

payitsbillsexceptbydeferringvitalmodernization.

Nowcomeswordthateveryoneinvolved■一Democrats,

Republicans,thePostalService,theunionsandthesystem's

heaviestusers-hasfinallyagreedonaplantofixthesystem.

LegislationismovingthroughtheHousethatwouldsaveUSPSan

estimated$28,6billionoverfiveyears,whichcouldhelppayfor

newvehicles,amongothersurvivalmeasures.Mostofthe

moneywouldcomefromapenny-per-letterpermanentrate

increaseandfromshiftingpostalretireesintoMedicare.The

latterstepwouldlargelyoffsetthefinancialburdenofannually

pre-fundingretireehealthcare,thusaddressingalong-standing

complaintbytheUSPSanditsunion.

IfitclearstheHouse,thismeasurewouldstillhavetoget

throughtheSenate-wheresomeoneisboundtopointoutthat

itamountstothebare,bareminimumnecessarytokeepthe

PostalServiceafloat,notcomprehensivereform.There'snochange

tocollectivebargainingattheUSPS,amajoromission

consideringthatpersonnelaccountsfor80percentofthe

agency'scosts.Alsomissingisanydiscussionofeliminating

Saturdayletterdelivery.Thatcommon-sensechangeenjoyswide

publicsupportandwouldsavetheUSPS$2billionperyear.But

postalspecial-interestgroupsseemtohavekilledit,atleastinthe

House.Theemergingconsensusaroundthebillisasignthat

legislatorsaregettingfrightenedaboutapoliticallyembarrassing

short-termcollapseattheUSPS.Itisnot,however,asignthatthey'

regettingseriousabouttransformingthepostalsystemforthe

21stcentury.

36.ThefinancialproblemwiththeUSPSiscausedpartlyby

[A]itsunbalancedbudget.

[B]itsrigidmanagement.

[C]thecostfortechnicalupgrading.

[D]thewithdrawalofbanksupport.

37.AccordingtoParagraph2,theUSPSfailstomodernizeitselfdue

to

[A]theinterferencefrominterestgroups.

[B]theinadequatefundingfromCongress.

[C]theshrinkingdemandforpostalservice.

[D]theincompetenceofpostalunions.

38.Thelong-standingcomplaintbytheUSPSanditsunionscanbe

addressedby

[A]removingitsburdenofretireehealthcare.

[B]makingmoreinvestmentinnewvehicles.

[C]adoptinganewrate-increasemechanism.

[D].attractingmorefirst-classmailusers.

39.Inthelastparagraph,theauthorseemstoviewlegislatorswith

CDF

[A]respect.

[B]tolerance.

[C]discontent.

[D]gratitude.

40.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]TheUSPSStartstoMissItsGoodOldDays

[B]ThePostalService:KeepAwayfromMyCheese

[C]TheUSPS:ChronicIllnessRequiresaQuickCure

[D]ThePostalServiceNeedsMorethanaBand-Aid

PartB

Directions:

Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.For

Questions41-45,youarerequiredtoreorganizethese

paragraphsintoacoherentarticlebychoosingfromthelistA-G

andfillingthemintothenumberedboxes.ParagraphsCandFhave

beencorrectlyplaced.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET.

(10points)

A.InDecemberof1869,Congressappointedacommission

toselectasiteandprepareplansandcostestimatesforanew

StateDepartmentBuilding.Thecommissionwasalsotoconsider

possiblearrangementsfortheWarandNavyDepartments.Tothe

horrorofsomewhoexpectedaGreekRevivaltwinofthe

TreasuryBuildingtobeerectedontheothersideoftheWhite

House,the

elaborateFrenchSecondEmpirestyledesignbyAlfredMullettwas

selected,andconstructionofabuildingtohouseallthree

departmentsbeganinJuneof

1871.

B.Completedin1875,theStateDepartment'ssouthwing

wasthefirsttobeoccupied,withitselegantfour-storylibrary

(completedin1876)；DiplomaticReceptionRoom,and

Secretary'sofficedecoratedwithcarvedwood,Orientalrugs,and

stenciledwallpatterns.

TheNavyDepartmentmovedintotheeastwingin1879,where

elaboratewallandceilingstencilingandmarquetryfloors

decoratedtheofficeoftheSecretary.

C.TheState,War,andNavyBuilding,asitwasoriginally

known,housedthethreeExecutiveBranchDepartmentsmost

intimatelyassociatedwithformulatingandconductingthe

nation'sforeignpolicyinthelastquarterofthenineteenthcentury

andthefirstquarter

ofthetwentiethcentury-theperiodwhentheUnitedStates

emergedasaninternationalpower.Thebuildinghashoused

someofthenation'smostsignificantdiplomatsandpoliticians

andhasbeenthesceneofmanyhistoricevents.

D.Manyofthemostcelebratednationalfigureshave

participatedinhistoricalevents

thathavetakenplacewithintheEEOB'sgranitewalls.Theodoreand

FranklinD.Roosevelt,WilliamHowardTaft,DwightD.

Eisenhower;LyndonB.Johnson,GeraldFord,andGeorgeH.W.

Bushallhadofficesinthisbuildingbeforebecomingpresident.It

hashoused16SecretariesoftheNavy,21SecretariesofWar,and

24SecretariesofState.WinstonChurchilloncewalkedits

corridorsandJapaneseemissariesmetherewithSecretaryofState

CordellHullafterthebombingofPearlHarbor.

E.TheEisenhowerExecutiveOfficeBuilding(EEOB)

commandsauniquepositioninboththenationalhistoryand

thearchitecturalheritageoftheUnitedStates.Designedby

SupervisingArchitectoftheTreasury,AlfredB.Mullett,itwasbuilt

from1871to1888tohousethegrowingstaffsoftheState,

War,andNavyDepartments,andisconsideredoneofthebest

examplesofFrenchSecondEmpirearchitectureinthecountry.

F.Constructiontook17yearsasthebuildingslowlyrose

wingbywing.WhentheEEOBwasfinished,itwasthelargest

officebuildinginWashington,withnearly2milesofblackandand

whitetiledcorridors.Almostalloftheinteriordetailisofcastiron

orplaster;theuseofwoodwasminimizedtoinsurefiresafety.

Eightmonumentalcurvingstaircasesofgranitewithover4,000

individuallycastbronzebalustersarecappedbyfourskylightdomes

andtwostainedglassrotundas.

G.ThehistoryoftheEEOBbeganlongbeforeits

foundationswerelaid.Thefirstexecutiveofficeswereconstructed

between1799and1820.Aseriesoffires(includingthosesetby

theBritishin1814)andovercrowdedconditionsledtothe

constructionoftheexistingTreasuryBuilding.In1866,the

constructionoftheNorthWingoftheTreasuryBuilding

necessitatedthedemolitionoftheStateDepartmentbuilding.

41.aCa42.a43.aFa44a45.

PartC

Directions:

Readthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatethe

underlinedsegmentsintoChinese.Yourtranslationshouldbe

writtenneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)

Shakespeare'slifetimewascoincidentwithaperiodof

extraordinaryactivityandachievementinthedrama.(46)Bythe

dateofhisbirthEuropewaswitnessingthepassingofthe

religiousdrama,andthecreationofnewformsundertheincentive

ofclassicaltragedyandcomedy.Thesenewformswereatfirst

mainlywrittenbyscholarsandperformedbyamateurs,butin

England,aseverywhereelseinwesternEurope,thegrowthofa

classofprofessionalactorswasthreateningtomakethedrama

popular;whetheritshouldbeneworold,classicalormedieval,

literaryorfarcical.Court,schoolorganizationsofamateurs,and

thetravelingactorswereallrivalsinsupplyingawidespreaddesire

fordramaticentertainment;and(47)noboywhowentagrammar

schoolcouldbeignorantthatthedramawasaformofliterature

whichgaveglorytoGreeceandRomeandmightyetbring

honortoEngland.

WhenShakespearewastwelveyearsold,thefirstpublic

playhousewasbuiltinLondon.Foratimeliteratureshowedno

interestinthispublicstage.Playsaimingatliterarydistinction

werewrittenforschoolorcourt,orforthechoirboysofSt.Paul's

andtheroyalchapel,who,however;gaveplaysinpublicaswell

asatcourt.(48)buttheprofessionalcompaniesprosperedin

theirpermanenttheaters,anduniversitymenwithliterature

ambitionswerequicktoturntothesetheatersasofferingameans

oflivelihood.BythetimeShakespearewastwenty-five,Lyly,Peele,

andGreenehadmadecomediesthatwereatonce

popularandliterary;Kydhadwrittenatragedythatcrowdedthepit;

andMarlowehadbroughtpoetryandgeniustotriumphonthe

commonstage-wheretheyhadplayednopartsincethedeath

ofEuripides.(49)Anativeliterarydramahadbeencreated,its

alliancewiththepublicplayhousesestablished,andatleast

someofitsgreattraditionshadbeenbegun.

ThedevelopmentoftheElizabethandramaforthenext

twenty-fiveyearsisof

exceptionalinteresttostudentsofliteraryhistory,forinthisbrief

periodwemaytracethebeginning,growth,blossoming,and

decayofmanykindsofplays,andofmanygreatcareers.Weare

amazedtodayatthemerenumberofplaysproduced,aswellasby

thenumberofdramatistswritingatthesametimeforthis

Londonoftwohundredthousand

inhabitants.(50)Torealizehowgreatwasthedramaticactivity,we

mustrememberfurtherthathostsofplayshavebeenlost,and

thatprobablythereisnoauthorofnotewhoseentireworkhas

survived.

SectionlIIIlWriting

PartA

51.Directions:

Writeanemailtoallinternationalexpertsoncampusinvitingthem

toattendthe

graduationceremony.Inyouremailyoushouldincludetime,place

andotherrelevantinformationabouttheceremony.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsneatlyonthe

ANSEWERSHEET

Donotuseyourownnameattheendoftheemail.Use

“LiMing"instead.(10

points)

PartB

52.Directions:

Writeanessayof160-200wordsbasedonthepicturebelow.In

youressay,youshould

1)describethepicturesbriefly,

2)interpretthemeaning,and

3)giveyourcomments.

YoushouldwriteneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.(20points)

2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试

英语(一)试题及参考答案

SectionIUseofEnglish

1.[C]for

2.[A]faith

3.[D]price

4.[B]Then

5.[D]When

6.[B]produces

7.[C]connect

8.[D]to

9.[B]mood

10.[A]counterparts

ll.[B]Lucky

12.[B]protect

13.[A]between

14.[C]introduced

15[D]inside

16.[A]discovered

17.[C]fooled

18.[B]willing

19.[A]Incontrast

20.[C]unreliable

SectionIIIReadingComprehension

PartA

Text1

21.Whowillbemostthreatenedbyautomation?

[D]Middle-classworkers

22.Whichofthefollowingbestrepresenttheauthor'sview?

[C]Issuesarisingfromautomationneedtobetackled

23.Educationintheageofautomatonshouldputmoreemphasison__.

[A]creativepotential

24.Theauthorsuggeststhattaxpoliciesbeaimedat_

[D]preventingtheincomegapfromwidening

25.Inthistext,theauthorpresentsaproblemwith

[B]possiblesolutionstoit

Text2

26.AccordingtotheParagraphs1and2,manyyoungAmericanscastdoubts

on_

[D]socialmediaasareliablesourceofnews

27.Thephrase"beefup"(Line2,Para.2)isclosestinmeaningto_

[A]sharpen

28.AccordingtotheKnightFoundationsurvey,youngpeople

[B]verifynewsbyreferringtodiversesources.

29.TheBarnasurveyfoundthatamaincauseforthefakenewsproblemis

[C]readers'misinterpretation

30.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

[A]ARiseinCriticalSkillsforSharingNewsOnline

Text3

31.WhatistrueoftheagreementbetweentheNHSandDeepMind?

[B]Itfailedtopaydueattentiontopatients'rights.

32.TheNHStrustrespondedtoDenham'sverdictwith_

[C]necessaryadjustments.

33.TheauthorarguesinParagraph2that__

[D]thevalue