高考英语一轮复习知识清单（全国版）专题19 虚拟语气三大类13条用法（清单）含答案及解析

【口袋书】专题19虚拟语气三大类13条用法（清单）原卷版目录虚拟语气用法思维导图P1考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法P2考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合P3考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法P4分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P4分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P5分类训练（三）单句改错（模拟试题）P5分类训练（四）单项选择40题（模拟试题）P5分类训练（五）写作升级（书面表达）P8分类训练（六）语法填空（外刊原创）P8第12次北极科学考察扬帆起航P9考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法场合从句谓语动词形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反动词过去式(be用were)would/could/should/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+动词过去分词would/could/should/mighthavedone与将来事实相反1.动词过去式(be用were)2.wereto+动词原形3.should+动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形要点精讲1：与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/could+do。例1：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步．）例2：IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.（事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会．）例3：IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.（事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行）【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Sorry,I’mtoobusynow.IfI_________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we

_________(be)allright.要点精讲2：与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时,主句用would/could/mighthavedone。例1：IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.例2：Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.例3：Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。例4：Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’thavefailedintheexam.如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。3.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship(sink).4.IftheWatergateIncident_______________(occur)Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.要点精讲3：与将来事实相反,从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo,主句用woulddo。例1：Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.例2：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/wouldgotoseemygrandmother.如果明天是星期天，我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。例3：Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。例4：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.例5：Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。5.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.6.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe___________(live)there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.要点精讲4：错综条件句，即主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主从句位置和事实区别对待对号入座。例1：IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlastnight.如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上那场音乐会。(从句说明现在的情况，主句说明过去的情况)例2：Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,Iwouldn'tbesoworriednow.如果你昨天告诉我这个消息，我现在就不会这么担心了。(从句说明过去的情况，主句说明现在的情况)例3：Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinfuture.如果你现在犹豫不决,将来你会吃苦头的。(从句说明现在的情况，主句说明将来的情况)【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。7.Ifit_________(be)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.

8.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.要点精讲5：if条件句若省略if，则把were/should/had提前到句首构成部分倒装句。例1：HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.如果我当时努力学习的话,我一定会成功的。例2：Wereshemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.如果她是我的女儿，我就不让她出国学习了。例3：Wereitnotforyourhelp,Iwouldneverbeagoodmanager.要不是你的帮助，我永远也成不了一个好经理。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。9.Whatwouldhavehappened_______Bobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?10._________hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.要点精讲6：含蓄条件句，即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等词，后面按主句对待。例1：Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.(=Ifyouhadn'tgivenmeadvice,Iwouldhavefailed.)如果不是你的建议,我会失败的。例2：Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.(=Ifyouhadn'thelpedme,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.)没有你的帮助，我无论如何也不会成功。例3：I'mreallybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygowithyou.我确实太忙了,不然的话，我一定和你一起去。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11.We______________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.12.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway_______________(write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.

考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合要点精讲1：一二三四类动词(一坚持insist二命令order,command三建议advise,suggest,recommend四要求demand,desire,require,request)接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。但应注意insist表示“坚持说”，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，后接宾语从句应用陈述语气。例1：Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftillnextweek.例2：Thedoctororderedthatthepatient(should)besenttohospitalwithoutdelay.例3：Thesmileonhisface

suggested

thathe

was

satisfiedwithourwork.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。13.Eyedoctorsrecommendachild’sfirsteyeexam_______(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.14.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe________(have)amedicalexamination.15.Theyoungmaninsistedthathe________(do)nothingwrongandthathe___________(set)free.要点精讲2：一二三四类动词派生来的名词(order,command,advice,suggestion,requirement等)后接从句，该从句谓语动词用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。例1：Weagreedtothe

order

thatthetask

(should)becompleted

at5o'clock.例2：Ouronlyrequestisthatthis(should)

besettled

assoonaspossible.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。16.Theteacheragreedtothesuggestionthatthestudents_________(give)twoweekstopreparefortheexam.17.Youradvicethat____________(stay)theretillnextweekisreasonable.要点:3.Itisnecessary/strange/impossible..that..从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。若从句涉及已经发生的动作，则应用shouldhavedone。例1：Itisstrangethatheshouldhaveactedtowardhisparentslikethat.例2：It'svitalthat

we(should)

take

oursafetydrivingalongtheroadseriously.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。18.Itisadvisablethatyou___________(take)yourworkseriously,oritwon'tbelongbeforeyou'relaidoff.

19.Itisappropriatethatsometime_____________(devote)tothoroughstudyoftheresultsoftheApollomission.考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法要点精讲1：Iwishthat…从句与过去、现在、将来事实相反，分别用haddone,did,would/coulddo。Iwish从句结构示例与现在事实相反一般过去式Iwishitwereautumnnow.与过去事实相反过去完成式Hewishedhehadnotlostthechance.与将来事实相反would+动词原形Iwishyouwouldcomesoon.例1：I

wish

thatI

were

tenyearsyounger.例2：IwishthatIhadmetthatfilmstaryesterday.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。20.—Wherearethechildren?Thedinner’sgoingtobecompletelyruined.—Iwishthey_________(notbe)alwayslate.

21.HowIwisheveryfamily____________(have)alargehousewithabeautifulgarden!要点精讲2：ifonly表示“如果……该多好”，asif/though表示“好像”，从句虚拟用法同上。例1：Helooksasifhewereanartist.例2：Shelooks

asif

nothing

hadhappened

toher.例3：IfonlyI

hadseen

thefilmwithJanelastnight.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。22.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlookasifit___________(break).23.Don’thandlethevaseasifit__________(make)ofsteel.24.LookatthetroubleIamin!IfonlyI______________(follow)youradvice.要点精讲3：Iwouldratherthat…从句与过去事实相反用过去完成时，与现在、将来相反用一般过去时。例1：I'drather

thathe

hadgone

totheseasidewithmethedaybeforeyesterday.例2：Whenmyfatherisupset,hewouldratherthatwelefthimalone.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。25.Georgeisgoingtotalkaboutthegeographyofhiscountry,butI’dratherhe__________(focus)moreonitsculture.26.—Didyougotothepartylastnight?—Yes,butI’dratherI________(go)there.Itwassoboring.要点精讲4：Itishigh/abouttimethat..后面常用did或shoulddo,should不能省，意为“早该……”。例1：Itishightimethatyouwenttoschool.例2：Itisabouttimethatweshouldsetoutatonce.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。27.Jackisagreattalker.It’shightimethathe___________(do)somethinginsteadofjusttalking.28.It'shightimethatwe________(commit)stothetaskofprotectingourenvironment.分类训练（一）高考真题在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1.(2020江苏)IfIhadn’tbeenfacedwithsomanybarriers,I__________(notbe)whereIam.2.(2019天津)Theworkerswerenotbetterorganized,otherwisethey____________(accomplish)thetaskinhalfthetime.3.(2019江苏)Whatapity!Youmissedthesightseeing,orwe_____________(have)agoodtimetogether.4.(2018天津)Ifwe___________(catch)theflightyesterday,wewouldbeenjoyingourholidayonthebeach.5.(2018江苏)It’s

strange

that

he

_______have

taken

the

books

without

the

owner’s

permission.6.(2018江苏)There

is

a

good

social

life

in

the

village,and

I

wish

I_______(have)a

second

chance

to

becomemoreinvolved.7.(2018北京)Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey_________(drive)afewmorekilometers.8.(2017北京)Ifthenewsafetysystem______________(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.9.(2017天津)—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?—Yes.Otherwise,I______(be)abletoreachheryesterday.10.(2017江苏)_______itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.分类训练（二）模拟试题在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。11.Bobwouldhavehelpedusyesterday,buthe____________(be)busy.12.Welostourwayinthatsmallvillage,otherwisewe____________(see)moreplacesofinterestyesterday.13.Thetimeisnotripe.I'dratheryou____________(not,say)anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.14.____________wemadeagreateffortlastterm,wemighthavesucceeded.15.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,Iwould_________________(injure).16._________itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuRiver.17.IfI________(know)aboutthiscomputerprogram,ahugeamountoftimeandenergywouldhavebeensaved.18.Ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou____________(be)ill,Iwouldaskyoutodothisrightnow.19.Withoutthedoctor'stimelyoperation,thelittlegirl____________(lose)herlife.20.Itishightimethatwe____________(place)greatemphasisontheimprovementoffoodsafety.分类训练（三）单句改错下列各句均有一处错误，请指出并纠正。21.Someclassmatessuggestwecangotoplacesofinterestnearby.22.ThemanagerproposedthatTomwasgivenanopportunitytoexplainwhyhe'drefusedtogothere.

23.IfonlyIlistenedtomyparents,Imighthavepassedthedrivingtest!

24.Theconferencewouldn’thavebesosuccessfulifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparation.25.IfonlytherewassomemagicbuttonIcouldpushtotakeawaythesadnessinhereyes.26.—Larry,suchmistakescouldhaveavoidedifyouhadbeenmorecareful.—Sorry,sir.I'lldobetternexttime.27.Ican'tstandhim.Healwaystalksasthoughheknowseverything.28.Imadethesuggestionthatshestucktotheplanshehadmade.29.Itwasorderedthatnosmokingwasnotallowedinthelibrary,whichmadethesmokersunhappy.30.HowIwishIboughtthatskirtwhenitwasavailable!Ugh!Iregretiteverytime.分类训练（四）单项选择1.Ifyouhadtoldmeinadvance,I_____youupattheairport.A.wouldpick B.shouldhavepickedC.wouldhavepickedD.willhavepicked2.Someanimalsareindangerofdyingout,soitishightimethatthegovernment______somemeasurestoprotectendangeredanimals.A.take B.took C.hastaken D.willtake3.Weshowedupearlyandhadtowaittwohoursbeforetheceremonybegan.We______.A.shouldn’thurry B.needn’thavehurried C.mustn’thavehurried D.wouldn’thurry4.Wedidn'tknowyouwereintroubleatthattime,otherwisewe______youahand.A.gave B.hadgiven C.wouldgive D.wouldhavegiven5.HowIwishI________someonetoturntoforadvicewhenIwaspuzzled.A.wouldhave B.had C.havehad D.hadhad6.Ifthechopsticksarepartlyplacedinthewater,itlooksasifthey_______.A.break B.havebroken C.werebroken D.hadbeenbroken7.Mysister’spalefacesuggestedthatshe_____seriouslyill,andmyparentssuggestedthatshe______toseethedoctorimmediately.A.was;go B.were;go C.be;went D.was;went8.Idon'tthinkitisadvisablethatTom________tothejobsincehehasnoexperience.A.willbeassigned B.beassigned C.shouldassign D.canbeassigned9.MyprofessorrecommendedthatI______classicaltechniquefirsttoestablishsolidtechnicalskills.A.shouldhavelearned B.wouldlearn C.learned D.learn10.Ifyou______afewminutesearlier,youwouldhavemetthefamousscientist.HYPERLINKA.hadcome B.havecome C.weretocome D.shouldcome11._______hisphonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavecalledherup.A.Shouldheknow B.WereItoknow C.HadIknown D.HaveIknown12.Hewouldhavewrittenthemanageralettertoexpresshisthanksthismorning,buthe______. A.wasbusy B.isbusy C.hadbeenbusy D.willbebusy13.Susanisgoingtodeliveraspeechaboutthecultureofhiscountry,butI’drathershe_______moreonitseducation.A.focus B.focused C.wouldfocus D.hadfocused14.Butforyourgeneroushelp,we________thetaskaheadoftime.A.wouldnotfulfill B.wouldnothavefulfilled C.wouldfulfill D.wouldhavefulfilled15.Thespokesmandidnotregretwhathehadsaidattheconferencebutfeltthathe_____itindirectly.A.couldexpress B.wouldexpress C.couldhaveexpressedD.musthaveexpressed16.Thisdigitalcameraisoffinequality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.A.would B.should C.could D.might17._____itrainthisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputofftillnextFriday.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will18.Theprofessorinsistedthathissolution______morepracticalandthatwe______itintopracticeassoonaspossible.A.was;put B.was;mustput C.shouldbe;put D.shouldbe;put19.Iftheambulancehadcomeheresoonerlastnight,thepatient______now.A.willbealive B.willhavebeenalive C.wouldhavebeenaliveD.wouldbealive20.---Lilylookshotanddrytoday.---So_____youifyouhadsohighafever.A.do B.are C.will D.would21.--I’vetoldJennythetruthaboutthenewhouse.---ButI’dratheryou______.A.didn’t B.hadn’t C.don’t D.wouldn’t22.Itwasdemandedthattheworkingconditionsinthatarea_______assoonaspossible.A.mustimproveB.improve C.wasimproved D.beimproved23.LookatthesituationI’min.IfonlyI______youradviceearlier!A.took B.wouldtake C.hadtaken D.shouldtake24.Shemighthavebeenintimefortheinterview,butshe______uplate.A.got B.hasgot C.wastoget D.hadgot25.--Themuseumisonlyfiveminutes’walk!Weshouldhavewalkedthere.--Yes,ataxi_______necessaryatall.A.wasn’t B.isn’t C.hadn’tbeen D.won’tbe26.______thetrafficjamonthehighway,weshouldhavearrivedatthestadiumearlier.A.Inspiteof B.Becauseof C.Butfor D.Dueto27.IfonlyI______anumbrellalastnight!Iwaswetthrough.A.took B.shouldtake C.hadtaken D.take28.Sorry,Iamtoobusyatthemoment.IfI____free,Iwouldcertainlygoforawalkwithyou. A.havebeen B.hadbeen C.am D.were29.Itisessentialthattheseapplicationforms______backasearlyaspossible.A.aresent B.besent C.willbesent D.shouldsend30.HowIwishI____torepairthecellphone!Ionlymadeitworse.A.hadtried B.hadn'ttried C.havetried D.didn'ttry31.Ifhe___totheteacherattentivelyyesterday,he___theanswertotheproblemnow.A.hadlistened;wouldhaveknown B.listened;wouldknowC.listened;wouldhaveknown D.hadlistened;wouldknow32.Mysuggestionisthatmorepeoplefromallwalksoflife______tofinancetheProjectwiththeirdeeperloveforthesechildren.A.beencouragedB.areencouraged C.wereencouraged D.shouldencourage33.Ican’tstandtheyoungmansittinginthefront.Healwaystalksasthoughhe______everything.A.knew B.knows C.hasknown D.hadknown34.Thomascantakehismotorapartandputitbacktogetheragain.Icertainlywishhe___mehow.A.teaches B.willteach C.hastaught D.wouldteach35.Thenewtrafficlawrequiresthateveryone___hisorhercarcheckedatleastonceayear.A.has B.had Cwillhave D.have36.Lindacouldn’thaveansweredthequestionsoeasilyifshe________afewbooksonworldhistorybeforehand.A.hadn’tread B.hasn’tread C.wouldn’thaveread D.didn’tread37.Tobefrank,ifitwerenotforthefactthatyou_____areliableperson,Iwouldnottakesuchpainstohelpyou.A.were B.are C.hadbeen D.havebeen38.___whatwasgoingtohappennext,Iwouldneverhaveleftheralone.

A.HadIknown B.IfIknow C.IfIknew D.IfhadIknown

39.Itisunbelievablethatsuchanexcellentfootballteam_____havefailedinthefinals.A.would B.must C.should D.could40.Mydemandwasthattheinformationreferredtoinmyreport_____toMr.Brownwithoutdelay.A.shouldemail B.emailed C.mustbeemailed D.bee-mailed41.---HaveyoueverbeentotheGreatWall?---No,butIwishI______.A.will B.have C.did D.had42.Theordercamethatallthesmallcoalmines_______downinhalfayear.A.wouldbeclosedB.shouldbeclosedC.mustbeclosed D.wouldclose43.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasilyA.HaditnotbeenforB.Ifitwerenot C.Ifithadnotbeenfor D.Wereitnotfor44.—Youshouldhavefedthebirdsyesterday.—Sorry,I_____allaboutit. A.wasforgotten B.haveforgotten C.forgot D.forget45.Ifyou___thatlatemovielastnight,youwouldn’tbesosleepynow. A.haven’twatched B.hadn’twatchedC.didn’twatch D.wouldn'thavewatched

分类训练（五）书面表达（句式升级）1.如果我们过去做了很大努力的话，我们可能就获得成功了。__________________________________________________________________________________________2.如果他们当时知道接下来会发生什么事情，他们有可能就会重新考虑了。__________________________________________________________________________________________3.如果昨天晚上下了雨的话，今天就会非常凉爽了。__________________________________________________________________________________________4.我们在那个小村庄迷了路，否则我们昨天就能参观更多的名胜古迹了。__________________________________________________________________________________________5.要不是因为船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。__________________________________________________________________________________________6.要是没有英语老师的帮助，我就不会在英语演讲比赛中获得一等奖了。__________________________________________________________________________________________7.她竟然嫁给这样一个穷光蛋，真是太奇怪了。__________________________________________________________________________________________8.他的沉默暗示他赞同我的决定。__________________________________________________________________________________________9.我要是去车站送过她就好了，但我当时太忙了。__________________________________________________________________________________________10.到了他该上床睡觉的时候了。__________________________________________________________________________________________11.我愿你下个星期天去。__________________________________________________________________________________________12.那两个新来的人聊天的样子仿佛他们已经相识多年了。__________________________________________________________________________________________13.看看我的麻烦！要是我接受你的建议就好了！__________________________________________________________________________________________14.如果我多等一分钟、我就坐上汽车了。__________________________________________________________________________________________15.“要是我当初听取了妈妈的建议该多好!”小女孩低声对自己说。__________________________________________________________________________________________（六）语法填空（外刊原创）第12次北极科学考察扬帆起航IcebreakerresearchvesselsailsfromShanghaitoArcticonnew|Updated:2021-07-1217:50China's12thArcticexpeditionsetsailfromShanghaionJuly12,andisexpected1(last)morethantwomonths,accordingtotheMinistryofNaturalResources.TheministrysaidthattheXuelong2,orSnowDragon2,2(carry)scientistsandothercrewmembers,leftitshomeportinthecoastaleconomicpowerhouseonMondaymorning.Themission3(task)withmonitoringoceanicandatmosphericphenomenaandobtaininginformationaboutmarinehydrology,weatherandbiologicalcycles.ItsfindingswillhelpimproveunderstandingoftheArctic,andwillbeusedtorespondtoclimatechange4protecttheArcticecosystem.Thisisthesecondtimethatthevessel–China'ssecondicebreakerandthefirst5(domestic)built–hasundertakenanArcticexpedition.Xuelong2'sfirsttriptotheregionwas6mid-JulyandlateSeptemberlastyear,7ittookpartinthe11thArcticexpedition.Chinanowhasaresearchstation8(name)Huanghe,intheArctic.ItalsocooperateswithIcelandonoperatingascienceobservatoryintheArctic.ChinahasmoreexperiencewithexploringAntarcticaandhasfourresearch9(station)onthesouthernmostcontinent–Changcheng,Zhongshan,TaishanandKunlun–and10(conduct)37expeditionstheresofar.

【口袋书】专题19虚拟语气三大类13条用法（清单）解析版目录虚拟语气用法思维导图P1考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法P2考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合P4考点清单三、特殊句型中虚拟语气四大用法P5分类训练（一）单句填空（高考真题）P6分类训练（二）单句填空（模拟试题）P6分类训练（三）单句改错（模拟试题）P8分类训练（四）单项选择40题（模拟试题）P8分类训练（五）写作升级（书面表达）P11分类训练（六）语法填空（外刊原创）P12第12次北极科学考察扬帆起航P12考点清单一、if虚拟条件句六大典型用法场合从句谓语动词形式主句谓语形式与现在事实相反动词过去式(be用were)would/could/should/might+动词原形与过去事实相反had+动词过去分词would/could/should/mighthavedone与将来事实相反1.动词过去式(be用were)2.wereto+动词原形3.should+动词原形would/could/should/might+动词原形要点精讲1：与现在事实相反,从句用一般过去时(be动词用were),主句用would/could+do。例1：IfIhadtime,Iwouldgoforawalk.(事实上我现在没有时间，不能去散步．）例2：IfIwereinvited,Iwouldgotothedinner.（事实上没有人邀请我，我也不能去参加宴会．）例3：IfIhadamilliondollars,Iwouldputitinthebank.（事实上我没有一百万美圆，也不可能存在银行）【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Sorry,I’mtoobusynow.IfI_________(have)time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.2.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we

_________(be)allright.【答案与解析】1.had。语境暗示从句与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时。故答案是had。2.wouldbe。语境暗示主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo。故答案是wouldbe。要点精讲2：与过去事实相反,从句用过去完成时,主句用would/could/mighthavedone。例1：IfIhadtakenyouradvice,Iwouldn’thavemadeamistake.例2：Ifhehadbeenthere,itwouldn’thavehappened.例3：Ifshehadseenyouyesterday,shewouldhaveaskedyouaboutit.要是她昨天看到你，她就要向你问起这件事。例4：Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldn’thavefailedintheexam.如果你按照我的建议去做，你一定不会(不可能)考试不及格。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。3.Ifthecaptainhadbeenmorecareful,hisship(sink).4.IftheWatergateIncident_______________(occur)Nixonwouldnothaveresignedfromthepresidency.【答案与解析】3.wouldn’thavesunk。结合语境主从句与过去事实相反，主句应用wouldhavedone，且是否定形式。故答案是wouldn’thavesunk。4.hadn’toccurred。结合语境主从句均与过去事实相反，从句应用haddone，且是否定含义。故答案是hadn’toccurred。要点精讲3：与将来事实相反,从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo,主句用woulddo。例1：Ifitrained/weretorain/shouldraintomorrow,wewouldnotgoclimbing.例2：IfitwereSundaytomorrow,Ishould/wouldgotoseemygrandmother.如果明天是星期天，我就(可能)去看望我奶奶。例3：Ifitweretosnowthisevening,theywouldnotgoout.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。例4：Ifyousucceeded,everythingwouldbeallright.例5：Ifyouweretosucceed,everythingwouldbeallright.【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。5.Thisprinterisofgoodquality.Ifit_______breakdownwithinthefirstyear,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.6.Gracedoesn’twanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinksifshe___________(live)there,shewouldn’tbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.【答案与解析】3.should。结合语境从句与将来事实相反，应用“should+动词原形”。故答案是should。4.lived/shouldlive/weretolive。结合语境从句与将来事实相反，从句谓语三选一：①一般过去时②weretodo③shoulddo。故答案是lived/shouldlive/weretolive。要点精讲4：错综条件句，即主句和从句与不同时间相反，则根据主从句位置和事实区别对待对号入座。例1：IfIwereyou,Iwouldn'thavemissedtheconcertlastnight.如果我是你，我就不会错过昨天晚上那场音乐会。(从句说明现在的情况，主句说明过去的情况)例2：Ifyouhadtoldmethenewsyesterday,Iwouldn'tbesoworriednow.如果你昨天告诉我这个消息，我现在就不会这么担心了。(从句说明过去的情况，主句说明现在的情况)例3：Ifyouhesitatedthismoment,youmightsufferinfuture.如果你现在犹豫不决,将来你会吃苦头的。(从句说明现在的情况，主句说明将来的情况)【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。7.Ifit_________(be)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.

8.IfhehadspentmoretimepractisingspeakingEnglishbefore,he________(be)abletospeakitmuchbetternow.【答案与解析】7.hadn’tbeen。theotherday说明从句与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时；且是否定形式。故答案是hadn’tbeen。8.wouldbe。now说明主句与现在事实相反，应用woulddo。故答案是wouldbe。要点精讲5：if条件句若省略if，则把were/should/had提前到句首构成部分倒装句。例1：HadIworkedhard,Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded.如果我当时努力学习的话,我一定会成功的。例2：Wereshemydaughter,Iwouldn'tallowhertostudyabroad.如果她是我的女儿，我就不让她出国学习了。例3：Wereitnotforyourhelp,Iwouldneverbeagoodmanager.要不是你的帮助，我永远也成不了一个好经理。【即时训练】在空白处填1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。9.Whatwouldhavehappened_______Bobwalkedfarther,asfarastheriverbank?10._________hetoleavetoday,hewouldgettherebyFriday.【答案与解析】9.had。根据语境后半句表示与过去事实相反，应用过去完成时；且省略if，应用倒装结构，故答案是had。10.Were。根据语境这里与将来事实相反，从句可以用weretodo；省略if应采用部分倒装语序。故答案是Were。要点精讲6：含蓄条件句，即句子含有without,butfor,otherwise等词，后面按主句对待。例1：Butforyouradvice,Iwouldhavefailed.(=Ifyouhadn'tgivenmeadvice,Iwouldhavefailed.)如果不是你的建议,我会失败的。例2：Withoutyourhelp,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.(=Ifyouhadn'thelpedme,Iwouldn'thavesucceededanyway.)没有你的帮助，我无论如何也不会成功。例3：I'mreallybusy,otherwiseIwouldcertainlygowithyou.我确实太忙了,不然的话，我一定和你一起去。【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11.We______________(put)John’snameontheracelistyesterdaybutforhisrecentinjury.12.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingway_______________(write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.

【答案与解析】11.wouldhaveput。butforhisrecentinjury表示“要不是他受伤”，构成含蓄条件句，与过去事实相反，应用wouldhavedone。故答案是wouldhaveput。12.wouldn’thavewritten。Withouthiswartimeexperiences表示“没有他的战争经历”，构成含蓄条件句，与过去事实相反，应用wouldhavedone，且是否定意义。故答案是wouldn’thavewritten。考点清单二、从句谓语用“(should)+动词原形”三大典型场合要点精讲1：一二三四类动词(一坚持insist二命令order,command三建议advise,suggest,recommend四要求demand,desire,require,request)接从句谓语用should+动词原形，且should可以省略。但应注意insist表示“坚持说”，suggest表示“暗示，表明”时，后接宾语从句应用陈述语气。例1：Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputofftillnextweek.例2：Thedoctororderedthatthepatient(should)besenttohospitalwithoutdelay.例3：Thesmileonhisface

suggested

thathe

was

satisfiedwithourwork.【即时训练】用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。13.Eyedoctorsrecommendachild’sfirsteyeexam_______(be)attheageofsixmonthsold.14.Jane'spalefacesuggestedthatshe_______(be)ill,andherparentssuggested