江西省新余市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末质量检测英语试卷 （解析版）

新余市2023-2024学年上学期期末质量检测高二英语试题考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分第一卷选择题部分第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.15.C.£9.18.答案是B。1.Whatwillthemandonext?A.TurnofftheTV.B.Studywiththewoman.C.Watchamovie.2.Howoldisthewomannow?A.20yearsold.B.45yearsold.C.65yearsold.3.Whatissmallforthewoman?A.TheT-shirt.B.Thehat.C.Theskirt.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Thefilmisterrible.B.Thefilmcanbeseenonline.C.Thefilmisworththemoney.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atahospital.C.Atadrugstore.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthemanlikeabouthishometown?A.It’sreallyverysmall.B.Ithascolorfulnightlife.C.It’snotexpensivetolivethere.7.Whatistheweatherlikeinthefallintheman’shometown?A.Sunny.B.Cold.C.Wet.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whattimewastheplaneoriginallyscheduledtoleave?A.At3:00.B.At4:00.C.At5:00.9.Whyisthewomanworried?A.Theweatherisbad.B.Thereportisnotfinished.C.Anappointmentwillbedelayed.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whydoestheman’sbrothergototheman’splace?A.Tostudy.B.Towork.C.Totravel.11.Wheredoesthemanworkinthemorning?AAtauniversity.B.Atarestaurant.C.Atabookstore.12.Whatlanguageisthewomanstarting?A.French.B.Spanish.C.Japanese.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Whatjobtodointhefuture.B.Whichprofessortofollow.C.Whatabilitiestopossess.14.Whatsubjectdoesthemanprobablyprefer?A.History.B.Politics.C.Art.15.Whatdothewoman’sparentsexpecthertobe?A.Arestaurantmanager.B.Apolitician.C.Ateacher.16Whatisthewomangoodatdoing?A.Dealingwithpeople.B.Workingwithkids.C.Paintingpictures.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.HowdidtheservantsdealwiththeirearningsinVictoriantimes?A.Theypaidforthehousing.B.Theyboughtfoodandclothes.C.Theysentthemtotheirfamilies.18.Whatwasanurse’smainduty?A.Cookingmeals.B.Lookingafterchildren.C.Educatingchildren.19.HowdidtheVictorianupperclassparentstreattheirchildrenactually?A.Cruelly.B.Kindly.C.Strictly.20.Whatwillthespeakertalkaboutnext?A.Lowerclassfamilies.B.Upperclasschildren’ssituation.C.Comparisonsbetweenupperandlowerclasses.第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATheUltimateGuidetoSussexSussexoffersbeautifulcountryside,charmingseasidetownsandsomeofthebestvineyards(葡萄园)intheUK.PlanyourSussexgetawaywithourultimateguide.Monk’sHousePutyourNationalTrustmembershiptogoodusewithavisittoMonk’sHousepurchasedbyVirginiaandherhusbandLeonardWoolfin1919.Virginiawrotemanyofhermostcelebratedworksatthehouse,includingtheessayARoomofOne’sOwn.Admiretheweather-boardedcottage’sbeautifulantiques,seeminglyuntouchedsince1969,whenLeonarddied.BeachyHeadCometoBeachyHeadandyou’llbegreetedbyoneofthemostsplendidcoastalstretchesinallofBritain.ItofferssuperbviewsofEastbourneandtheEnglishChannelfrom530feetabovethewater.Springthroughautumnarethebesttimestovisit.LookoutfortheBeachyHeadMarathon,whichtakesplaceeveryOctober.There’sapayanddisplaycarpark,apub,toiletfacilitiesand,duringsummer,thewelcomesightofanice-creamtruck.TheLongManofWilmingtonOnthegrassygroundofWindoverHill—a235-footfigureknownastheLongManhasbeenhereforcenturies.ArchaeologicalresearchersbelieveTheLongManofWilmingtonactuallydatestoaroundthe16thcentury.Ifyou’refeelingactive,hikefromTheLongManofWilmingtontoEastSussex’sotherchalk-carvedfigure,theLitlingtonWhiteHorse.LewesThistownisjusttherightsizetoexploreinaday,thoughdoconsiderstayingovernighttomakegooduseofthelocalrestaurants,pubsandwinebars.LewesisoneofthebestplacestoshopinSussexwithadelightfulmixofindependent,antiqueandhighstreetbrands.Ifyou’revisitingduringsummer,packyourbathersforavisittoPellsPool,theoldestknownfreshwaterswimmingpoolintheUK.You’llneedtopre-bookasession.1.Inwhichplacemayvisitorswitnessasportsevent?A.Monk’sHouse. B.BeachyHead.C.TheLongManofWilmington. D.Lewes.2.WhatshouldvisitorsdobeforegoingtoPellsPool?A.Bookinadvance. B.Applyformembership.C.Contactalocallifeguard. D.Learnfromexperiencedbathers.3.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.TointroducespecialexhibitsinSussex. B.ToshowuswheretostayinSussex.C.TotelluswhattoexploreinSussex. D.ToadvertisethecomingeventsinSussex.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了苏塞克斯最值得游览的旅游景点。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据BeachyHead中“LookoutfortheBeachyHeadMarathon,whichtakesplaceeveryOctober.(请留意每年十月举行的BeachyHead马拉松比赛。)”可知，游客可以在BeachyHead观看体育赛事。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Lewes中“Ifyou’revisitingduringsummer,packyourbathersforavisittoPellsPool,theoldestknownfreshwaterswimmingpoolintheUK.You’llneedtopre-bookasession.(如果你是在夏天去，带着你的游泳用品去参观Pells游泳池，这是英国最古老的淡水游泳池。你需要提前预约。)”可知，游客在去Pells游泳池之前，要提前预约。故选A项。【3题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Sussexoffersbeautifulcountryside,charmingseasidetownsandsomeofthebestvineyards(葡萄园)intheUK.PlanyourSussexgetawaywithourultimateguide.(苏塞克斯拥有美丽的乡村、迷人的海滨小镇和一些英国最好的葡萄园。与我们的终极指南一起计划您的苏塞克斯之旅。)”可知，本文主要介绍了苏塞克斯最值得游览的旅游景点，所以其目的是告诉我们在苏塞克斯有什么值得探索的。故选C项。BKatyaEchazarretarecentlymadehistoryasthefirstMexican-bornAmericanwomanandoneoftheyoungestwomenevertoflytospace—alifelongdreamshewasabletoaccomplishatonly26yearsold.OnJune4,JeffBezos’BlueOriginrocketcarrieditsfifthgroupofpassengerstotheedgeofspaceandKatyagotanopportunitytoapplyforoneofthesixseatsthroughanonprofitcalledSpaceforHumanity.Thepreviousflightshadbeenallfilledtocapacity.Theorganization’sgoalistosendpassengerstospaceandallowthemtoexperiencethe“overvieweffect”,aphenomenonastronautshavedescribedafterlookingdownattheEarthfromtheoutside.“Theyrecognizethat,ashumans,ourcommonalitiesfaroutweighourdifferences,”SpaceforHumanitysaysonitswebsite.Katya,anelectricalengineeroriginallyfromGuadalajara,Mexico,wasselectedforthetripfromapoolof7,000applicantsfrommorethan100countriesbasedonheroutstandingachievementsinthespaceindustry,andthismettheirrequirement—sending“exceptionalleaders”toexperience.Aftergoingthroughtraining,sheandherfivefellowpassengerstookofffromBlueOrigin’slaunchfacilityinWestTexas.Thespacecrafttookthem62milesabovetheEarth’ssurface,givingthemafewminutesofweightlessnessbeforeadescent(下降)backtoaparachutelanding.“Thetripupwasthemostfascinatingexperiencebecausealotofusareusedtotravelinghorizontally.Butwhenyou’reinarocket,you’regoingupvertically(垂直地)andthatfeelsverystrange,”Echazarretasaid.“SeeingtheEarthfromtheoutside,Ifeelitreallyputsthingsintoperspective.Everythingthatwe’veeverexperienced—allofyourproblems,andallofyourobstacles—andeverythingthatfeelsliketheendoftheworldtoussometimes,areallthere.Itfeelssobigtous,andyetit’snot,becauseIjustleftinamatterofminutes.”4.WhatcanweknowaboutJeffBezos’BlueOriginrocket?A.Ithasmadehistoryinspaceexploration. B.Itonlyprovidesseatsfortheyoung.C.Ithelpswomentorealizetheirdream. D.Ithasflownabout30passengerstospace.5.WhatdoesSpaceforHumanityaimtodo?A.Promotethedevelopmentofspaceindustry.B.Sendtechnologypioneerstoliveinspace.C.Letthepassengersfeeltheovervieweffect.D.Describethephenomenonastronautsexperience.6.Whatmaybeoneofthestandardsoftheparticipants?A.Beingwise. B.Beingyoung.C.Beingbrave. D.Beingdistinguished.7.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Katya’sinsightintothespacetrip. B.Katya’stripthatgoesupvertically.C.AllthechallengesfacingKatya. D.Katya’sexplanationforhermotivation.【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了6月4日来自美国的Katya及其他人被送入太空的细节和她的感受等。【4题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“OnJune4,JeffBezos’BlueOriginrocketcarrieditsfifthgroupofpassengerstotheedgeofspaceandKatyagotanopportunitytoapplyforoneofthesixseatsthroughanonprofitcalledSpaceforHumanity.Thepreviousflightshadbeenallfilledtocapacity.(6月4日，杰夫·贝佐斯的蓝色起源火箭将第五批乘客送到了太空边缘，卡蒂亚有机会通过一个名为“人类太空”的非营利组织申请六个座位之一。之前的航班都已满员。)”可知，蓝色起源火箭将第五批乘客送到了太空边缘，之前的航班都已满员，每次六个座位，故已经运送了大约30名乘客。故选D。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第三段中“Theorganization’sgoalistosendpassengerstospaceandallowthemtoexperiencethe“overvieweffect”,aphenomenonastronautshavedescribedafterlookingdownattheEarthfromtheoutside.(该组织的目标是将乘客送入太空，让他们体验“全景效应”，这是宇航员从外面俯瞰地球后所描述的一种现象。)”可知，“人类太空”的目标是让乘客感受到“全景效应”。故选C。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章第四段中“Katya,anelectricalengineeroriginallyfromGuadalajara,Mexico,wasselectedforthetripfromapoolof7,000applicantsfrommorethan100countriesbasedonheroutstandingachievementsinthespaceindustry,andthismettheirrequirement—sending“exceptionalleaders”toexperience.(Katya是一名来自墨西哥瓜达拉哈拉的电气工程师，基于她在太空工业的杰出成就，她从来自100多个国家的7000名申请者中被选中参加这次旅行，这符合他们的要求——派遣“杰出的领导者”去体验。)”可知，参与者的标准之一可能是必须是杰出的人才。故选D。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由文章最后一段““Thetripupwasthemostfascinatingexperiencebecausealotofusareusedtotravelinghorizontally.Butwhenyou’reinarocket,you’regoingupvertically(垂直地)andthatfeelsverystrange,”Echazarretasaid.“SeeingtheEarthfromtheoutside,Ifeelitreallyputsthingsintoperspective.Everythingthatwe’veeverexperienced—allofyourproblems,andallofyourobstacles—andeverythingthatfeelsliketheendoftheworldtoussometimes,areallthere.Itfeelssobigtous,andyetit’snot,becauseIjustleftinamatterofminutes.”(“这次旅行是最迷人的经历，因为我们很多人都习惯了水平旅行。但是当你在火箭里的时候，你是垂直上升的，这感觉很奇怪，”埃查扎雷塔说。“从外面看地球，我觉得它真的让事情变得更有远见。我们所经历过的一切——你所有的问题，你所有的障碍——以及有时对我们来说像是世界末日的一切，都在那里。它对我们来说感觉很大，但其实不是，因为我几分钟后就离开了。”)”可知，最后一段主要讲卡蒂亚对太空之旅的见解。故选A。CLastSeptember,severalhundredtomatoloversgatheredonasunny,breezydayinPortland,Ore.forTomatoFest.AgriculturalresearcherMattDaviswashandingoutsamplesofexperimentaltomatoeswhichweredry-farmed.Dry-farming,aformofagriculturethatdoesn’trequireirrigation,hasrootsstretchingbackmillennia.Butinthe20thcentury,thepracticelargelyfelloutofwidespreaduse.Today,however,farmersareonceagainexperimentingwithdryfarmingastheystrugglewithwatershortages,whicharebeingexacerbatedbyrisingtemperaturesandmorefrequentandintensedroughtslinkedtoclimatechange.It’sacommonmisconceptionthatdryfarmingmeansgrowingplantswithoutwater.Instead,dry-farmedplantstakeupmoisturestoredinthegroundratherthansprinkled(洒)fromabove.Thus,sitesmustgenerallyreceivemorethan50centimetersofannualprecipitation(降水量)tocreatemoistureinthesoil,andthesoilmustbecomposedoffinegrainsthathelppreservethatwaterovertime.Dry-farmingwon’tsolveallofagriculture’swoes,butitoffersawayforward.Farmershavenoticedthatdry-farmedplotscontainonlyaboutafifthoftheweedsthatgrowinirrigatedplots.Nothavingtopullupasmanyweedscantranslateintolaborsavings.Coupledwithnothavingtomanageirrigationfacilities,dry-farmingcansimplifyagrowingoperation.In2016and2017,AlexStoneandJenniferWetzelfromOregonStateUniversitygrewdifferentvarietiesofwintersquashinCorvallis.Thepairirrigatedsomevegetablefieldsanddry-farmedothers.Afterharvestingthesquashandleavingtheminstorageforfourmonths,theyfoundthatabout80%oftheroughly1,250dry-farmedwintersquashwerestillmarketablewhilethenumberdroppedto50%outoftheroughly1,150irrigatedwintersquash.“Yougettoreallylearnwhattheenvironmentgivesyou,andyoulearntorespondaccordingly.”MichaelJohnson,aspecialistattheUniversityofArizonasays,“Arelationshipdevelopsbetweenthecroppingsystemandthefarmer.It’sabeautifulthingthatneedstobecherished.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacerbated”inParagraph2probablymean?A.Highlighted. B.Worsened. C.Relieved. D.Improved.9.Whatcanweknowaboutdry-farming?A.Ithelpsgrowplantswithoutwater.B.Itenjoyedgreatpopularityinthe20thcentury.C.Ithascertainrequirementsforthecompositionofsoil.D.Itisaneffectivemethodtoaddressenvironmentalproblems.10.WhatdidStoneandWetzeldiscoveraboutdry-farmingintheirexperiment?A.Itsproducecontainslesswater. B.Itsoverallyieldstendtobehigher.C.Itmakesthegrowingprocesssimpler. D.Ittendstoyieldlonger-preservedproduce.11.WhatisJohnson’sattitudetowardsdryfarming?AConservative. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive. D.Skeptical.【答案】8.B9.C10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了旱作农业的历史以及种植特点。【8题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“theystrugglewithwatershortages(他们正在与水资源短缺作斗争)”以及后文“byrisingtemperaturesandmorefrequentandintensedroughtslinkedtoclimatechange（由于气温上升和与气候变化有关的更频繁和更强烈的干旱）”可知，农民在努力解决水资源短缺问题，而气温上升和与气候变化有关的更频繁和更严重的干旱使得水资源短缺问题更糟糕了。故划线词意思是“更糟”。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thus,sitesmustgenerallyreceivemorethan50centimetersofannualprecipitation(降水量)tocreatemoistureinthesoil,andthesoilmustbecomposedoffinegrainsthathelppreservethatwaterovertime.(因此，这些地点通常每年必须有超过50厘米的降水来为土壤创造水分，而且土壤必须由细颗粒组成，以帮助长期保存水分)”可知，旱作农业对土壤成分有一定的要求。故选C。10题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Afterharvestingthesquashandleavingtheminstorageforfourmonths,theyfoundthatabout80%oftheroughly1,250dry-farmedwintersquashwerestillmarketablewhilethenumberdroppedto50%outoftheroughly1,150irrigatedwintersquash.(在收获南瓜并将其储存四个月后，他们发现大约1250个旱作南瓜中约有80%仍然可以销售，而在大约1150个灌溉南瓜中，这一数字下降到50%)”可知，斯通和韦策尔在他们的实验中发现了旱作农业常常可以生产保存时间更长的农产品。故选D。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Arelationshipdevelopsbetweenthecroppingsystemandthefarmer.It’sabeautifulthingthatneedstobecherished.(在耕作制度和农民之间形成了一种关系。这是一件需要珍惜的美好的事情)”可推知，约翰逊对旱作农业的态度是支持。故选C。D“Manypeopleconsidercatstobealargelynonsocialspecies,”DanielMills,aveterinarybehavioristattheUniversityofLincoln,tellsScience.“Thereisclearlyalotgoingonthatwearenotawareof.”Tocollectdataonthesefurrysubjects,researcherLaurenScottoftheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenterfrequentedacatcafélocatedinLosAngelesforaboutayearandrecordedvideosofinteractionsbetween53cats.Intotal,Scottgathered194minutesoffeline(猫科的)filmsthatcontained186interactions.Withthehelpofherco-author,evolutionarypsychologistBrittanyN.Florkiewicz,sheanalyzedthecats’facialsignals.Thepairdiscovered276expressionsmadeupofacombinationof26facialmovements,includingshiftsinearposition,blinks,noselicksandwhisker(胡须)andmouthmovements.Ofallexpressions,about45percentor126werecategorizedasfriendly,37percentwereaggressiveand18percentwereambiguous.“Thesefindingsshowitisgoodtolookatacat’sears,eyesandwhiskerstounderstandiftheyarefeelingfriendly,”Florkiewicztells.“Theirmouthprovidesalotofinformationaboutwhetheracatfightislikely.Peoplemaythinkthatcats’facialexpressionsareallaboutwarningothercatsandpeopleoff,butthisshowsjusthowsocialandtolerantpetcatscanactuallybe.”Theteamalsoidentifieda“commonplayface”amongcats,whichwascharacterizedbyadroppedjawanddrawnbackcornersofthemouth.Still,thescientistsdetectedsomepatterns:Catstendedtomovetheirearsandwhiskerstowardoneanotherduringfriendlyinteractionsandawayduringunfriendlyones.Whentheanimalsareaggressive,theyoftenshrinktheirpupils(瞳孔)andflattentheirears.Catsdisplaynegativeemotionswithflattenedearsandcurled-backwhiskers.Thenewstudycouldbeusedtohelphumansadoptingcatsfindonethat’smorelikelytogetalongwithexistingpets,oritcouldhelppetownersunderstandtheirfelinecompanionsbetter,FlorkiewicztellsScience.12.WhatdidLaurenScottdotocollectdataaboutcats’facialexpressions?A.Sheobservedcatsintheirnaturalhabitat.B.Sheshotvideosofcats’interactionatacatcafé.C.Sheconductedexperimentsinalaboratorysetting.D.Sheinterviewedcatownersabouttheirpets’behaviour.13.Ifcatsplantomakeanattack,theywill________.A.moveitsearsandwhiskersforwardB.narrowitspupilsandflattenitsearsC.closeitsearsandtwistitswhiskersD.loweritsjawanddrawbackthecornersofthemouth14.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Cats’nonsocialnatureiswellconfirmed.B.Cats’facialexpressionsareusuallyoffensive.C.Cats’expressionstudywillassistpetadopters.D.Cats’expressionswon’tsignaltheirnegativeemotions.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.FriendlinessandAggressionofCatsB.TheSocialNatureofCatsC.FacialSignalsandInteractionsofCatsD.TheCommonBehaviourofCats【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个对面部表情和社交行为的研究成果。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Tocollectdataonthesefurrysubjects,researcherLaurenScottoftheUniversityofKansasMedicalCenterfrequentedacatcafélocatedinLosAngelesforaboutayearandrecordedvideosofinteractionsbetween53cats.(为了收集这些毛茸茸的研究对象的数据，堪萨斯大学医学中心的研究人员劳伦·斯科特在大约一年的时间里经常去洛杉矶的一家猫咪咖啡馆，并记录了53只猫之间的互动视频。)”可知，研究者经常去一个猫咪咖啡馆，用视频记录53只猫之间的交流瞬间。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Whentheanimalsareaggressive,theyoftenshrinktheirpupilsandflattentheirears.(当这些动物具有攻击性时，它们通常会缩小瞳孔，压平耳朵。)”可知，猫在有攻击性时，通常收缩瞳孔，耳朵贴着头部。故选B。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段“Thenewstudycouldbeusedtohelphumansadoptingcatsfindonethat’smorelikelytogetalongwithexistingpets,oritcouldhelppetownersunderstandtheirfelinecompanionsbetter,FlorkiewicztellsScience.(Florkiewicz告诉《科学》杂志，这项新研究可以用来帮助领养猫的人找到更容易与现有宠物相处的猫，或者可以帮助宠物主人更好地了解他们的猫同伴。)”可知，这项新研究给养宠物人士提供相应的帮助。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Withthehelpofherco-author,evolutionarypsychologistBrittanyN.Florkiewicz,sheanalyzedthecats’facialsignals.Thepairdiscovered276expressionsmadeupofacombinationof26facialmovements,includingshiftsinearposition,blinks,noselicksandwhisker(胡须)andmouthmovements.Ofallexpressions,about45percentor126werecategorizedasfriendly,37percentwereaggressiveand18percentwereambiguous.(在她的合著者、进化心理学家布列塔尼·N·弗洛基维奇的帮助下，她分析了猫的面部信号。研究人员发现，276种表情由26种面部动作组合而成，包括耳朵位置的变化、眨眼、舔鼻子和胡须以及嘴部动作。在所有的表情中，约有45%(126个)被归类为友好的，37%是攻击性的，18%是暧昧的。)”及全文，本文通过对猫的脸部表情研究，说明动物间存在互动。所以“FacialSignalsandInteractionsofCats(猫的面部信号和相互作用)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoOrganizeYourDigitalFilesSearchingforafileonyourcomputerisawholeloteasierthandiggingthroughapileofpapers,yetit’sfarfrombeingaperfectsystem.Lately,it’sbeenhit-or-missforme.____16____Ihopesomeofthesetipswillhelpyou.Use“resources”,“inprogress”,“final”,and“scrap”foldersforprojects.Thereareplentyofwaystotitleyoursubfoldersforprojects,butoneofthemostintuitive(使用简便的)istohavefoldersforstagesofyourproject.____17____The“resources”folderisforthingslikeimages,documents,andotheritemsthatareneededtocompleteyourproject.____18____“Final,”asyoumightimagine,isfortheprojectfilesoncetheprojecthasbeenapprovedandisdone.“Scrap”isforanythingyouwanttosavefromtheprojectthatdoesn’tbelonginthe“final”folder.____19____It’snearimpossibletofindaphotoquicklywhenyouhavethousandsofphotosallnamedsomethinglike“20211108_0978234.jpg.”Soforphotos,Iliketohaveadatestructureandfoldersforkeyeventsorcategories,suchas:2021＞01(forthemonth)＞2021-01MomandDad50AnniversaryLA.Thisway,youcaneitherbrowseyourphotosbyyearandmonthorsearchforfoldersthatinclude“Mom”,“Dad”,“Anniversary”,or“LA.”Usetags.Inadditiontocreatingafolderstructurethatworksforyou,considertaggingfiles.____20____Say,forexample,youwanttoseeallofyourphotosforallofyourholidaycelebrations.Youcansetupatagfor“holidays.”Andthentonarrowdowntheresults,youcansearchusingthetag.A.Withtags,youcanconnectmultiplefilesacrossfolders.B.Forphotos,useadatestructureandkeywordsforyourfolders.C.Thisway,youcanalwaysknowwhichisthefinalprojectfiletograb.D.Thestandardswillkeepfilesorganizedandmakethemeasierontheeye.E.“Inprogress”isforthecurrentworkingversionorversionsoftheproject.F.Tofindfilesmoreefficiently,I’vebeenrearrangingmydigitalfilingsystem.G.Moveyourphotostoamorespecificfolderorbackthemuponanexternalstoragedevice.【答案】16.F17.C18.E19.B20.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何组织数字文件。【16题详解】根据“Searchingforafileonyourcomputerisawholeloteasierthandiggingthroughapileofpapers,yetit’sfarfrombeingaperfectsystem.Lately,it’sbeenhit-or-missforme.(在你的电脑上搜索一个文件比翻一堆文件要容易得多，但它远不是一个完美的系统。最近，这对我来说是一触即发)”以及空后“Ihopesomeofthesetipswillhelpyou.(我希望这些建议对你有所帮助)”可知，空处承上启下，表明作者对如何能够有效的找到电脑上的文件做了一些操作。F项“为了更有效地查找文件，我一直在重新安排我的数字文件系统。”符合语境。故选F。【17题详解】根据“Thereareplentyofwaystotitleyoursubfoldersforprojects,butoneofthemostintuitive(使用简便的)istohavefoldersforstagesofyourproject.(有很多方法可以为项目的子文件夹命名，但最直观的方法之一是为项目的各个阶段设置文件夹)”可知，空处总结前面给出的方法所带来的好处，为项目的各个阶段设置文件夹最终能够让你随时知道要获取的文件是哪个。C项“这样，您就可以随时知道要获取的最终项目文件是哪个。”符合语境。C项中的thisway指代前文中的“oneofthemostintuitive”这种最简便的方法之一。故选C。【18题详解】根据“Use“resources”,“inprogress”,“final”,and“scrap”foldersforprojects.(对项目使用“资源”、“进行中”、“最终”和“废弃”文件夹)”以及第三段的内容可知，本段详细的介绍了这几种文件夹。按顺序，The“resources”folder和“Final,”之间是“inprogress”。所以本空是对“inprogress”这种文件夹的介绍。E项““进行中”文件夹用于项目的当前工作版本。”符合语境。故选E。【19题详解】根据“It’snearimpossibletofindaphotoquicklywhenyouhavethousandsofphotosallnamedsomethinglike“20211108_0978234.jpg.”Soforphotos,Iliketohaveadatestructureandfoldersforkeyeventsorcategories,suchas:2021＞01(forthemonth)＞2021-01MomandDad50AnniversaryLA.(当你有数千张照片都命名为“20211108_0978234.jpg”时，几乎不可能很快找到一张照片。因此，对于照片，我喜欢为关键事件或类别设置日期结构和文件夹，例如：2021＞01（月份）＞2021-01妈妈和爸爸50周年纪念洛杉矶)”可知，本段讲述如何设置储存照片的文件夹。B项“对于照片，请为文件夹使用日期结构和关键字。”适合作本段的标题。B项中的photos在下文中得到了复现。故选B。【20题详解】根据大标题“Usetags.(使用标记)”以及“Inadditiontocreatingafolderstructurethatworksforyou,considertaggingfiles.(除了创建适合您的文件夹结构外，还可以考虑标记文件)”可知，本段所给建议为标记文件。空处表明使用标记的好处。A项“使用标记，可以跨文件夹连接多个文件。”符合语境。A项中的Withtags和前文中的considertaggingfiles想呼应。故选A。第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenMarionSheppardwasunabletoseeinher40s,shecried.Wasn’tit____21____thatshe’dbeenpartlydeafsincechildhood?Thatstruggleandthe____22____thatusuallycamewithitdidn’tdefeather,butmadeher____23____.Sheppardhadalwaysbeenanenthusiasticdancersincechildhood,butnowshewassoscaredthatshe____24____leftherapartment.Sheworriedaboutthewayshewould____25____totheworld.Hardasitwas,Sheppardlater____26____herselftogoout.At61,SheppardattendedacamporganizedbyVisionsforblindpeople,whereshetaughtherfirstdancingclass.She____27____toteachherclassthereafterthat.Butshewas____28____.ShesoonconvincedVisionstoletherteachona____29____basis.Aboutfouryearslater,herclasseswonsomuch_____30_____thatVisionshiredhertobeonstaff.Sheppard’sstudentsweremostlyseniorswhoseeyesighthad_____31_____asadults.Withconfidence-buildingpraise,Sheppardalso_____32_____dignityandindependenceintothem.Asawaytocombinemovementswithherfaith,Sheppard_____33_____agroupcalledTheBlindSisterhood.Whatisher_____34_____formaintainingbothphysicalandmentalhealthdespite_____35_____lifethrowsather?“Keepitmoving!”21.A.crucial B.desperate C.enough D.abnormal22.A.perspective B.prejudice C.potential D.preference23.A.tough B.different C.gentle D.sensitive24.A.willingly B.occasionally C.constantly D.rarely25.A.sound B.relate C.appear D.reply26.A.educated B.permitted C.reminded D.forced27.A.tended B.applied C.anticipated D.prepared28.A.declined B.evaluated C.approved D.advocated29.A.temporary B.regular C.weekly D.voluntary30.A.popularity B.encouragement C.assistance D.advantage31.A.recovered B.improved C.worsened D.adjusted32.A.pressed B.drilled C.swept D.made33.A.setup B.openedup C.tookon D.puton34.A.purpose B.wish C.recipe D.effort35.A.rewards B.blessings C.surprises D.barriers【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.D25.C26.D27.B28.A29.D30.A31.C32.B33.A34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了MarionSheppard在40多岁失明后克服了内心的挣扎和世人的偏见，努力走出去，她后来在一个训练营里教失明的老人跳舞，给他们灌输自尊和独立的观念，并且还成立了一个盲人姐妹会组织，将运动和自己的信仰结合起来。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她从小就部分失聪，这还不够吗？A.crucial至关重要的；B.desperate绝望的；C.enough足够的；D.abnormal不正常的。根据前文“WhenMarionSheppardwasunabletoseeinher40s,shecried.(当MarionSheppard在40多岁看不到东西时，她哭了)”以及句中的“thatshe’dbeenpartlydeafsincechildhood”可知，Sheppard在40多岁失明时哭了，后来提到她从小就部分失聪，此处表示“难道她从小遭受部分失聪的折磨还不够吗”。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这种挣扎和随之而来的偏见并没有打败她，反而使她变得坚强。A.perspective态度，观点；B.prejudice偏见；C.potential潜力；D.preference偏爱。根据and前的struggle和句中的“didn’tdefeather”可知，这里和struggle并列，表示的是失明后的负面事情，这里指失明后遇到的偏见并没有打败她。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A.tough坚强的；B.different不同的；C.gentle温柔的；D.sensitive敏感的。but前后构成转折关系，前句“Thatstruggleandthe____2____thatusuallycamewithitdidn’tdefeather”强调失明并没有打败她，因此此处表示失明让她更坚强。故选A。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：Sheppard从小就是个热情的舞者，但现在她非常害怕，很少离开自己的公寓。A.willingly愿意地；B.occasionally偶尔地；C.constantly持续地；D.rarely几乎不。but前后构成转折关系。前面“Sheppardhadalwaysbeenanenthusiasticdancersincechildhood”说她从小就是个热情的舞者，再根据句中的scared可知，她失明后非常害怕，以至于很少离开公寓。故选D。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她担心自己出现在世人面前的形象。A.sound听起来；B.relate相关；C.appear出现；D.reply回复。根据下文空后的“totheworld”并结合上文中的“she____4____leftherapartment”可知，她失明后很少离开公寓，她担心自己出现在世人面前的形象。故选C。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管很艰难，但Sheppard后来还是强迫自己出去了。A.educated教育；B.permitted允许；C.reminded提醒；D.forced强迫。根据句中的“Hardasitwas”可知，她极不情愿出门，但是后来强迫自己出去。故选D。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那以后，她申请在那里上课。A.tended往往会；B.applied申请；C.anticipated预料；D.prepared准备。根据上文中的“At61,SheppardattendedacamporganizedbyVisionsforblindpeople,whereshetaugh