河南省部分名校2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1河南省部分名校2024-2025学年高三上学期第一次联考英语试题第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AWantedSomeoneforaKissWe’relookingforproducerstojoinusinthesecondofLondon100FM.You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammes.Musicproductionexperienceinradioisnecessary,alongwithrichknowledgeofmoderndancemusic.PleaseapplyinwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.FatherChristmasWe’relookingforaveryspecialpersonpreferablyover40,tofillourFatherChristmassuit.Workingdays:EverySaturdayfromNovember24toDecember15andeverydayfromDecember17toDecember24exceptSunday,10:30—16:00.Excellentpay.PleasecontacttheEnterpriseShoppingCenter,StationParade,Eastbourne.AccountantsAssistantWhenyoujointheteaminourRevenueAdministrationUnit,youwillbeprovidingassistancewithinallpartsoftheRevenueDivision,dealingwithpostandothergeneralduties.IfyouareeducatedtoGCSEgradeClevel,wewouldliketotalktoyou.Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.WealdenDistrictCouncilSoftwareTrainerIfyouareaged24-45andhaveexperienceinteachingandtraining,youcouldbethepersonwearelookingfor.Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.Youwillbeallowedtomakeourdecision,andtodesigncoursesaswellaspresentthem.Payupwardsof

￡15,000fortherightperson.PleaseapplybysendingyourCVtoMrs.R.Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.1.Whoshouldyougetintouchwithifyouhopetoworkinaradiostation?A.ProducerVacancies,Kiss100. B.Mrs.ROglivie,PalmlaceLimited.C.TheEnterpriseShoppingCentre D.WealdenDistrictCouncil.2.Whichpositionisopentorecentschoolgraduates?A.Producer,LondonKiss. B.FatherChristmas.C.AccountantsAssistant D.SoftwareTrainer3.WhatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytoPalmlaceLimited?A.OnewithGCSEgradeClevel. B.Onewithsomeofficeexperience.C.Onehavingagoodcomputerknowledge D.Onetrainedinproducingmusicprogrammes.【答案】1.A2.C3.C【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则招聘启事，介绍了四份工作的情况，包括其工作内容、要求以及联系方式等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据SomeoneforaKiss部分中“You’llworkonthestation’smusicprogrammes.；PleaseapplyinwritingtoProducerVacancies,Kiss100.(你将为该电台的音乐节目工作；请以书面形式向ProducerVacancies,Kiss100提出申请)”可知，如果你想在电台工作，你应该联系ProducerVacancies,Kiss100。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据AccountantsAssistant部分中“Thispositionisequallysuitableforaschoolleaverorforsomebodywhohasofficeexperience.(这个职位同样适合离校学生或有办公经验的人)”可知，会计师助理这个职位对应届毕业生开放。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据SoftwareTrainer部分中“Youshouldbegoodatthecomputerandhavesomeexperienceinprogrammewriting.；PleaseapplybysendingyourCVtoMrsR.Oglivie,PalmlaceLimited.(你应该擅长计算机，并且在程序编写方面有一些经验；有意者请将简历寄至PalmlaceLimited公司R.Oglivie女士处)”可知，有良好的计算机知识的人可能会申请PalmaceLimited公司。故选C。BWhilesmallmaybebeautiful,tallisjustplainuncomfortableitseems,particularlywhenitcomestostayinginhotelsandeatinginrestaurants.TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.Bedsthataretoosmall,showerheadsthataretoolow,andrestauranttableswithhardlyanyleg-roomallmakelifedifficultforthoseofaboveaverageheight,itsays.Butitisnotjusttheextra-tallwhoseneedsarenotbeingmet.Theaverageheightofthepopulationhasbeenincreasingyetthestandardsizeofbeds,doorways,andchairshasremainedunchanged.“Thebeddingindustrysaysabedshouldbesixincheslargerthanthepersonusingit,soevenaking-sizebedat6′6″(6feetand6inches)isfallingshortfor25%ofmen,whilethestandard6′3″bedcatersforlessthanhalfofthemalepopulation.”SaidTPCGBpresidentPhilHeinricy,“seven-footbedswouldworkfine.”Similarly,restauranttablescancausenoendofproblems.Smalltables,whichmeanthelong-leggedhavetositafootorsoawayfromthem,areenoughtomaketallcustomersgoelsewhere.Somehavealreadytakennote,however.AtQueensMoatHouses′CaledomanHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.4.WhatisthepurposeoftheTPCGBcampaign?A.Toprovidebetterservices.B.Torebuildhotelsandrestaurants.C.Todrawpublicattentiontotheneedsofthetall.D.Toattractmorepeopletobecomeitsmembers.5.WhichofthefollowingmightbeabedofproperlengthaccordingtoPhilHeinricy?A.7′2″. B.7′ C.6′6″ D.6′3″6.Whatmayhappentorestaurantswithsmalltables?A.Theymaylosesomecustomers.B.Theymaystartbusinesseselsewhere.C.Theyhavetofindeasychairstomatchthetables.D.Theyhavetoprovideenoughspaceforthelong-legged.7.WhatchangehasalreadybeenmadeinahotelinEdinburgh?A.Tallpeoplepaymoreforlargerbeds.B.6′6″bedshavetakentheplaceof6′3″beds.C.SpecialroomsarekeptforAmericans.D.Guestroomsarestandardized.【答案】4.C5.B6.A7.B【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述一个英国的高个子组织TPCGP在六个月以前向宾馆和酒店发起的针对高个子的一些特殊需求的活动。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句话TheTallPersonsClubGreatBritain(TPCGB),whichwasformedsixmonthsagotocampaignfortheneedsofthetall,hasturneditsattentiontohotelsandrestaurants.可知，这次活动的目的是引起公众对高个子的人的需要的关注。故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句中的“Seven--footbedswouldworkfine.”可知，床铺的合适长度是7英尺。选B。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段可知，餐桌太小会使高个子的人们到别的地方去（吃饭），也就是说，餐桌太小的饭店会失去一些客人。选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的句子：AtQueensMoatHouses′CaledomanHotelinEdinburgh,6′6″bedsarenowputinasstandardafterrequestsforlongerbedsfromtallervisitors,particularlyAmericans.可知，爱丁堡的一家宾馆已经使用6英尺6英寸的床铺作为标准床铺，故选B项。CCandogsandcatsliveinperfectharmonyinthesamehome?Peoplewhoarethinkingaboutadoptingadogasafriendfortheircatsareworriedthattheywillfight.Arecentresearchhasfoundanewrecipeofsuccess.Accordingtothestudy,ifthecatisadoptedbeforethedog,andiftheyareintroducedwhenstillyoung(lessthan6monthsforcats,ayearfordogs),itishighlyprobablethatthetwopetswillgetalongswimmingly.Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.However,itwasn’tallsweetnessandlight.Therewasareportedcoldnessbetweenthecatanddogin25%ofthehomes,whileaggressionandfightingwereobservedin10%ofthehomes.Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.Forexample,whenacatturnsitsheadawayitsignalsaggression,whileadogdoingthesamesignalssubmission.Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother’slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk‘dog’,anddogscanlearnhowtotalk‘Cat’.What’sinterestingisthatbothcatsanddogshaveappearedtodeveloptheirintelligence.Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother’sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspected.Oncefamiliarwitheachother’spresenceandbodylanguage,catsanddogscanplaytogether,greeteachothernosetonose,andenjoysleepingtogetheronthesofa.Theycaneasilysharethesamewaterbowlandinsomecasesgroom(梳理)eachother.Thesignificanceoftheresearchoncatsanddogsmaygobeyondpets─topeoplewhodon’tgetalong,includingneighbors,colleaguesatwork,andevenworldsuperpowers.Ifcatsanddogscanlearntogetalong,surelypeoplehaveagoodchance.8.Theunderlinedword“swimmingly”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto______.A.early B.sweetly C.quickly D.smoothly9.Somecatsanddogsmayfightwhen______.A.theyarecoldtoeachother B.theylookawayfromeachotherC.theymisunderstoodeachother’ssignals D.theyareintroducedatanearlyage10.Whatisfoundsurprisingaboutcatsanddogs?A.Theyeatandsleepeachother.B.Theyobserveeachother’sbehaviors.C.Theylearntospeakeachother’slanguage.D.Theyknowsomethingfromeachother’svoices.11.ItissuggestedinParagraph4thatcatsanddogs______.A.havecommoninterests B.arelessdifferentthanwasthoughtC.haveacommonbodylanguage D.arelessintelligentthanwasexpected【答案】8.B9.C10.C11.B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。叙述了猫和狗之间可以和谐相处的原因，告诉我们这两种动物之间有比我们之前认为得更多的共同之处，引申到人与人之间也一定可以和谐相处。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“However,itwasn’tallsweetnessandlight.(然而，这并不都是甜蜜和光明。)和第一段最后一句(Two-thirdsofthehomesinterviewedreportedapositiverelationshipbetweentheircatanddog.(三分之二的受访家庭表示他们的猫和狗之间存在积极的关系。)”可知，然而，猫和狗的关系也不总是甜蜜的。说明第一段中叙述的猫和狗的关系是很亲密的。因此推断的swimmingly与B项“甜蜜地”意思相近。故选B。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Onereasonforthisisprobablythatsomeoftheirbodysignalswerejustopposite.(其中一个原因可能是他们的一些身体信号正好相反。)”可知，猫和狗之间的打斗很大一部分的原因是它们误解了对方的肢体信号。故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段前两句“Inhomeswithcatsanddogslivingpeacefully,researchersobservedasurprisingbehaviour.Theyarelearninghowtotalkeachother’slanguage.Itisasurprisethatcatscanlearnhowtotalk‘dog’,anddogscanlearnhowtotalk‘Cat’.(在有猫和狗和平生活的家庭中，研究人员观察到一种令人惊讶的行为。它们正在学习如何说彼此的语言。令人惊讶的是，猫会学会如何说“狗”话，而狗会学会如何说“猫”话。)”可知，令人惊讶的事情是猫和狗会学会使用对方的语言。故选C。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Theycanlearnhowtoreadeachother’sbodysignals,suggestingthatthetwomayhavemoreincommonthanwepreviouslysuspected.(这两种动物能够学会如何理解对方的身体语言，说明这两种动物要比我们之前认为的有更多的相同之处)”可知，猫和狗的不同之处比我们之前认为的要少。故选B。DWhocaresifpeoplethinkwronglythattheinternethashadmoreimportantinfluencesthanthewashingmachine?Whydoesitmatterthatpeoplearemoreimpressedbythemostrecentchanges?Itwouldnotmatterifthesemisjudgmentswerejustamatterofpeople’sopinions.However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheinternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso“yesterday”thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin“post-industrialsociety”hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业),withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.Evenmoreworryingly,thefascinationwiththeinternetbypeopleinrichcountrieshasmovedtheinternationalcommunitytoworryaboutthe“digitaldivide”betweentherichcountriesandthepoorcountries.Thishasledcompaniesandindividualstodonatemoneytodevelopingcountriestobuycomputerequipmentandinternetfacilities.Thequestion,however,iswhetherthisiswhatthedevelopingcountriesneedthemost.Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople’slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupinternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.Inyetanotherexample,afascinationwiththenewhasledpeopletobelievethattherecentchangesinthetechnologiesofcommunicationsandtransportationaresorevolutionarythatnowweliveina“borderlessworld”.Asaresult,inthelasttwentyyearsorso,manypeoplehavecometobelievethatwhateverchangeishappeningtodayistheresultofgreattechnologicalprogress,goingagainstwhichwillbeliketryingtoturntheclockback.Believinginsuchaworld,manygovernmentshaveputanendtosomeoftheverynecessaryregulationsoncross-borderflowsofcapital,labourandgoods,withpoorresults.Understandingtechnologicaltrendsisveryimportantforcorrectlydesigningeconomicpolicies,bothatthenationalandtheinternationallevels,andformakingtherightcareerchoicesattheindividuallevel.However,ourfascinationwiththelatest,andourundervaluationofwhathasalreadybecomecommon,can,andhas,ledusinallsortsofwrongdirections.12.Misjudgmentsontheinfluencesofnewtechnologycanleadto________.A.alackofconfidenceintechnologyB.aslowprogressintechnologyC.aconflictofpublicopinionsD.awasteoflimitedresources13.TheexampleinParagraph4suggeststhatdonatorsshould________.A.takepeople’sessentialneedsintoaccountB.maketheirprogrammesattractivetopeopleC.ensurethateachchildgetsfinancialsupportD.providemoreaffordableinternetfacilities14.Whathasledmanygovernmentstoremovenecessaryregulations?A.Neglectingtheimpactsoftechnologicaladvances.B.Believingthattheworldhasbecomeborderless.C.Ignoringthepowerofeconomicdevelopment.D.Over-emphasizingtheroleofinternationalcommunication.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Peopleshouldbeencouragedtomakemoredonations.B.Traditionaltechnologystillhasaplacenowadays.C.Makingrightcareerchoicesiscrucialtopersonalsuccess.D.Economicpoliciesshouldfollowtechnologicaltrends.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【语篇解读】这是一篇议论文。文章讲述了对信息技术的过分迷恋会对国家，对个人，对慈善事业造成不利的影响。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段However,theyhaverealimpacts,astheyresultinmisguideduseofscarceresources.可知，对信息技术的错误判断会导致有限资源的错误使用，也就是资源的浪费，故选D。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段Perhapsgivingmoneyforthoselessfashionablethingssuchasdiggingwells,extendingelectricitynetworksandmakingmoreaffordablewashingmachineswouldhaveimprovedpeople’slivesmorethangivingeverychildalaptopcomputerorsettingupinternetcentresinruralvillages,Iamnotsayingthatthosethingsarenecessarilymoreimportant,butmanydonatorshaverushedintofancyprogrammeswithoutcarefullyassessingtherelativelong-termcostsandbenefitsofalternativeusesoftheirmoney.可知，与其给那些贫困地区孩子笔记本电脑或者建网络中心，还不如给钱打井，铺电网或者生产他们买得起的洗衣机，这些东西更能改善他们的生活。作者不是说这些东西一定更重要，但是很多捐赠者没有仔细考虑捐赠的东西的长期成本，因此作者建议捐赠者要考虑接受捐赠的人的实际情况，而不是一味地追求信息化，故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，对新东西的迷恋让人们认为如今通讯技术和交通的变革让我们生活在一个无国界的世界，正是认为我们生活在这样一个世界，很多政府取消了关于跨国界的资本、劳动力以及商品流动的法律法规，故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段ThefascinationwiththeICT(InformationandCommunicationTechnology)revolution,representedbytheInternet,hasmadesomerichcountrieswronglyconcludethatmakingthingsisso"yesterday"thattheyshouldtrytoliveonideas.Thisbeliefin"post-industrialsociety"hasledthosecountriestoneglecttheirmanufacturingsector(制造业)withnegativeconsequencesfortheireconomies.可知，对互联网呈现的通讯技术变革的迷恋让很多富裕国家做出一个错误的结论，他们认为制造产品已经过时了，他们应该靠创意生活，因而忽略了制造业，从而对经济造成不利影响，故推知传统的技术依然有它的地位，新兴的信息技术不能取代它们，故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Muchoftheworkintoday’sworldisaccomplished(完成)inteams.Mostpeoplebelievethebestwaytobuildagreatteamistogatheragroupofthemosttalentedindividuals.___16___Companiesspendmillionshiringtopbusinesspeople.Istheirmoneywellspent?___17___Theyfocusedonfootball,basketballandbaseball.Theresultsaremixed.Forfootballandbasketball,addingtalentedplayerstoateamprovesagoodmethod,butonlyuptothepointwhere70%oftheplayersaretoptalent;abovethatlevel,theteam’sperformancebeginstodecline.Interestingly,thistrendisn’tevidentinbaseball,whereadditionalindividualtalentkeepsimprovingtheteam’sperformance.Toexplainthisphenomenon,theresearchersexploredthedegreetowhichagoodperformancebyateamrequiresitsmemberstocoordinate(协调)theiractions.___18___Inbaseball,theperformanceofindividualplayersislessdependentonteammates.Theyconcludethatwhentaskinterdependenceishigh,teamperformancewillsufferwhenthereistoomuchtalent,whileindividualtalentwillhavepositiveeffectsonteamperformancewhentaskinterdependenceislower.Ifabasketballstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam’sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM.”___19___Anotherpossibilityisthatwhenthereisalotoftalentonateam,someplayersmaymakelesseffort.Justasinagameoftug-of-war(拔河比赛),wheneverapersonisadded,everyoneelsepullstheropewithlessforce.___20___AnA-teammayrequireabalance--notjustAplayers,butafewgenerousBplayersaswell.A.It’snotasimplemattertodeterminethenatureoftalent.B.Sportsteamownersspendmillionsofdollarsattractingtoptalent.C.Thegroupinteractionanditseffectdrewtheresearchers’attention.D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.E.Severalrecentstudiesexaminedtheroleoftalentinthesportsworld.F.Buildingupadreamteamismorecomplexthansimplyhiringthebesttalent.G.Thistaskinterdependencedistinguishesbaseballfromfootballandbasketball.【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.D20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章主要讲了建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。【16题详解】上文说“大多数人相信建立一个伟大团队的最好方法就是聚集一群最有天赋的个人”。下文说“公司花费数百万雇佣顶级商业人士。”该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数百万美元吸引顶尖人才。”切题，故选B。【17题详解】下文说“他们专注于足球、篮球和棒球。结果有好有坏。”这些都属于体育方面，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用。”切题，故选E。【18题详解】上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了一场好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程度”，下文说明了研究结果，该空承上启下，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球。”切题，故选G。【19题详解】上文说了“一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现”，该空承接上文，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。【20题详解】下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球员。”该空引出下文，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容球队比简单地雇佣最优秀的人才要复杂得多。”切题，故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Howlongcanhumanbeingslive?Mostscientistswhostudyoldagethinkthatthehumanbodyis

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tolivenolongerthan120years.However,110yearsisprobablythelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive—ifheorsheis

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healthyandlucky.Somescientistsevensaywecanliveaslongas130years!Yet,ourcellssimplycannotcontinuetoreproduce

___23___.Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetoldand

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die.Eventhoughwecan’tliveforever,wearelivinga

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lifethaneverbefore.In1900,theaverageAmericanlifespan(寿命)wasonly47years,buttodayitis75years!Whendoesoldagebeginthen?Sixty-fivemaybeout-of-dateasthe

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linebetweenmiddleageandoldage.Afterall,manyolderpeopledon’tbegintoexperiencephysicalandmental

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untilafterage75.Peoplearelivinglongerbecausemorepeople

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childhood.Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,manychildrendiedofcommonchildhood

___29___.Nowthatthechancesofdying

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aremuchlower,thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetobetterdietsandhealthcare.Onthewhole,ourpopulationisgettingolder.The

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inourpopulationwillhavelastingeffectsonoursocialdevelopmentandourwayoflife.Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswillbefortheworse,whilesomesee

___32___,notdisaster.Today,manymenandwomenintheir"goldenyears"arehealthy,stillactive,andyoungin

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ifnotinage.Asoursocietygrowsold,weneedthe

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ofouroldercitizens.Withlonglivesaheadofthem,theyneedto

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activeandbedevoted.21.A.designed B.selected C.improved D.discovered22.A.completely B.generally C.apparently D.extremely23.A.rapidly B.harmlessly C.endlessly D.separately24.A.eventually B.hopelessly C.automatically D.desperately25.A.busier B.longer C.richer D.happier26.A.finishing B.guiding C.waiting D.dividing27.A.stress B.damage C.decline D.failure28.A.survive B.enjoy C.remember D.value29.A.problems B.fears C.worries D.diseases30.A.poor B.young C.sick D.quiet31.A.changes B.recovery C.safety D.increases32.A.dreams B.chances C.strengthsD.choices33.A.mind B.appearance C.voice D.movement34.A.protection B.suggestions C.contributions D.permission35.A.sound B.appear C.turn D.stay【答案】21.A22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.C28.A29.D30.B31.A32.B33.A34.C35.D【语篇解读】本文是说明文。这篇短文讲述的是人的寿命是有限的，但是随着社会的发展，生活水平的提高，人们的寿命比以前更长了，而且老龄化已经成为了社会的一个趋势。我们的社会需要这些老年人们继续保持积极的心态，为社会做贡献。【21题详解】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：大多数研究年龄的科学家们认为人体被设计的不会活过120岁。designed设计；selected选择，挑选；improved提高，改善；discovered发现。根据livenolongerthan120years可知，人类最多不会活过120岁，科学家们认为人体的结构设计决定的，bedesignedtodo被设计，故应选A。【22题详解】考查副词及语境的理解。句意：然而110岁可能是人们希望能活的最长的寿命-如果他非常的健康和幸运。completely完全地；generally一般地；apparently显然地；extremely极其，非常。根据thelongestthatanyonecouldhopetolive可知，如果一个人非常的健康而且很幸运，人们希望能活到110岁。故选D。【23题详解】考查副词及语境的理解。句意：然而我们的细胞不会一直无止境的再生。rapidly快速地；harmlessly无害地；endlessly无止境的；separately分离地，分开地。根据Theywearout,andasaresult可知，因为人体的细胞会耗尽，不会无止境的再生。因此应选C。【24题详解】考查副词及语境的理解。句意：他们（细胞）慢慢消耗尽，结果我们就会变老最终死亡。eventually最终；hopelessly没有希望地；automatically自动地；desperately绝望地，自暴自弃地。根据Theywearout,andasaresult,wegetold可知，这里在说人的生长过程。选A。【25题详解】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：尽管我们不能永久的活着，我们的寿命比以前是更长了。busier更忙的；longer更长的；richer更富有的；happier更开心的。根据thaneverbefore可知，现在人的寿命比以前更长了。故选B。【26题详解】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：作为中年和老年的分界线，65岁可能已经过时了。finishing完成；guiding指导，指引；waiting等待；dividing划分。根据Sixty-fivemaybeout-of-date可知，把65岁当作中年和老年的分界线，这已经不适合现在的形势了。dividingline分界线，故选D。【27题详解】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：毕竟，很多老年人直到75岁之后才开始经历身体和精神的衰落。stress压力，压迫；damage损坏；decline衰落，衰弱；failure失败。根据untilafterage75可知，把65岁当作中年和老年的分界线，现在很多老年人是在75岁之后身体和精神才开始衰弱的，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：现在人们活得更长因为更多的人从童年中幸存下来。survive幸存；enjoy喜欢，欣赏；remember记得；value价值，估价。根据这一段的内容和thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigherduetoabetterdietsandhealthcare可知，现在的人平均寿命比以前更长的一个原因是人们从童年的疾病中幸存了下来，故选A。【29题详解】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：在现代医学改变了自然的法则之前，很多孩子死于常见的儿童疾病。problems问题；fears恐惧，害怕；worries担心；diseases疾病。根据Beforemodernmedicinechangedthelawsofnature,可知，由于以前没有现代药物，当时很多普遍的儿童因为疾病而死，所以导致平均寿命比较低。故选D。【30题详解】考查形容词及语境的理解。句意：既然年少夭折的可能性更低了，那么活得更长的机会就更高了，因为有了更好的饮食和医学护理。poor穷的；young年轻的；sick病的；quiet安静的。根据thechancesoflivinglongaremuchhigher可知，以前人们在小的时候就因为生病死去了，现在少年死去的几率低了，dyingyoung就是年少死去。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：人口结构的改变会对我们社会的发展和我们的生活方式有持续的影响。changes改变；recovery恢复；safety安全；increases增长，增加。根据下文中Somepeoplefearsuchchangeswill…可知，我们现在的人口结构改变了，故选A。【32题详解】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：一些人担心这个改变将会带来一些坏处，然而还有一些人看到的是机会，而不是灾难。dreams梦想；chances机会；strengths力量；choices选择。根据句意可知，这句话中的while表示对比，即跟前一种人不一样的看法，故选B。【33题详解】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：现在，很多处在“黄金年龄”的男士和女士，身体都非常健康，仍然积极，心态也很年轻。mind心态；appearance外表；voice声音；movement移动。根据healthy,stillactive,andyoungin___ifnotinage.可知，这里应该是说虽然年龄老了，但是心态依然年轻，故选A。【34题详解】考查名词及语境的理解。句意：随着我们的社会老龄化，我们需要这些老年公民们的贡献。protection保护；suggestions建议；contributions贡献；permission允许。根据theyneedto___activeandbedevoted.可知，现在的社会逐渐老龄化，因此老年人也要继续给我们的社会做贡献，故选C。【35题详解】考查动词及语境的理解。句意：前面还有很长的寿命，他们需要保持积极的心态和奉献的精神。sound听起来；appear好像；出现；turn转，变成；stay保持。根据Withlonglivesaheadofthem,可知，现在人们的寿命更长了，因此老年人也要继续保持积极心态，为我们的社会做贡献。故应选D。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Itdoesn’timpresslikeGeorgeWashington’splantationonthePotomac,butLincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfield,Illinois,___36___（prove）irresistibletovisitorssinceitopenedtothepublic.Beautifullyrestored（修复）toits1860appearance,thehousewasAbrahamandMaryLincoln’shomefor17years.In1844theyboughtit___37___$1,200andsomelandfromCharlesDresser,whoperformedtheir___38___（marry）ceremonyin1842.Whenthehousewasbuilt,itwasmuch___39___（small）thanitistoday.Mary’sniecewrote,“Thelittlehome___40___（paint）white.”Itwassweetandfresh.Marylovedit.Shewasextremelypretty,andherhousewasareflectionof___41___（she）,everythingingoodtasteandinperfectorder.AlthoughMarylovedflowers，___42___shenorherhusbandwasknownasagardener.Along-timeneighborsaidtheyneverplantedtreesandonlykeptagardenforoneyear.Mary’ssister,FrancesToddWallace,oftencameover___43___（plant）flowersinthefrontyard.___44___Lincolnsenlargedthehousetoafulltwo-storyin1856tomeettheneedsoftheirgrowingfamily.ThreeofthefourLincolnsonswerebornhere.AfterLincolnwaselectedPresidentoftheUSin1861,theyrentedthehouseand____45____（sell）mostoftheirfurniture.【答案】36.hasproved/hasproven37.for38.marriage39.smaller40.waspainted41.herself42.neither43.toplant44.The45.sold【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国总统林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的老房子的变迁史。【36题详解】考查动词时态。句意：它不像乔治·华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象，但林肯在伊利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家，自从向公众开放以来，就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。根据时间状语“sinceitopenedtothepublic”可知，此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响，故设空处用现在完成时；主语Lincoln’shomeindowntownSpringfieldIllinois是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has，提示词prove的过去分词形式是proved或proven。故填hasproved/hasproven。【37题详解】考查介词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。结合句意可知，此处考查固定短语buysth.for+价格，意为“以……价格买某物”。故填for。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：1844年，他们以1200美元的价格从查尔斯·德莱瑟手中买下了这座房子和一些土地，查尔斯·德莱瑟在1842年举行了他们的婚礼。marriageceremony意为“婚礼”，此处用名词作定语，故填marriage。【39题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意：这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。结合设空前的much和设空后的than可知，此处用形容词比较级形式，故填smaller。【40题详解】考查被动语态。句意：这个小房子被粉刷成了白色。语篇解读句子结构可知，设空处作谓语动词，Thelittlehome作主语。结合句意及常识可知，房子是“被粉刷”的，主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；根据上文的wasbuilt可知，此处为一般过去时态；一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词；主语Thelittlehome是单数第三人称，所以要用was，提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填waspainted。【41题详解】考查代词。句意：她非常漂亮，她的房子是她自己的写照，一切都很有品位，井井有条。根据句意可知，此处意为“她自己”，可知此处考查反身代词，作宾语；提示词she的反身代词是herself。故填herself。【42题详解】考查连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。【43题详解】考查动词不定式。句意：玛丽的妹妹弗朗西丝·托德·华莱士经常来前院种花。语篇解读句子结构可知，设空处作状语；根据句意可知，此处是目的状语；目的状语用动词不定式表示，故填toplant。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。【45题详解】考查动词时态。句意：1861年林肯当选美国总统后，他们把房子租了出去，卖掉了大部分家具。语篇解读句子成分可知，设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语；根据时间状语1861可知，此处用一般过去时态，提示词sell的过去式是sold。故填sold。第四部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.假定你是李华，上周日你班同学参加了学校组织的“变废为宝”系列活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：1.活动时间；2.活动内容；3.你的感受。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【参考范文】Withthepurposeofcallinguponustoturnwasteintowealth,somerelatedactivitieswereheldinourschoollastSunday.Comingupwiththeideaofremodelingtheuseditems,webroughtsomeworn-outclothes,se