广东省揭阳市2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1广东省揭阳市2024-2025学年高三上学期9月月考英语试题第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyouwanttounderstandChinabutcan’taffordanexpensiveinternationalflight,thesefourbookscangiveyouacompleteoverviewofthecountry.RiverTownRiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHessler—Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.Thebookwaspublishedin2001andhaswonseveralawards,includingtheKiriyamaPrize.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaItisabookthattellsthestoryofChina’smodernization.ItwaswrittenbyEzraVogelandpublishedin2011.TheauthordescribeshowDengXiaoping’spoliciesledtosignificantchangesinChina’seconomyandsociety.ThebookhasreceivedcriticalhonorsandwontheLionelGelberPrizein2012.TheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpenceThisbookisacomprehensivehistoryofChinafromtheMingdynastytothepresentday.Theauthor,aprominentscholarofChinesehistory,providesadetailedanalysisofthesocial,cultural,andpoliticalchangesthathavetakenplaceinChinaoverthepast500years.Thebookwasfirstputoutin1990andhassincebeenrevisedandupdatedseveraltimes.Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChinaWrittenbyLeslieT.Chang,thisbook,publishedin2008,isareportageonthelivesofyoungwomenwholeavetheirruralhomestoworkinfactoriesinChina’scities.Chang,aformerNewYorkTimesjournalist,interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.1.WhattypeofliteratureisRiverTown?A.AtravelguideofFuling. B.Apersonaldiary.C.Asciencefiction. D.Areferencebook.2.WhichstatementisrightaboutTheSearchforModernChinabyJonathanSpence?A.Itreceivedpositivereviews.B.Itwaspublished500yearsago.C.Itwaswrittenbyahistoryteacher.D.Ithasremainedthesamesinceitsfirstpublication.3.Whichbookiswrittenbyareporter?A.RiverTownB.TheSearchforModernChinaC.DengXiaopingandtheTransformationofChinaD.FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina【答案】1.B2.A3.D【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本介绍中国地理文化的书籍。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“RiverTown:TwoYearsontheYangtzebyPeterHessler—Thisbookisajournaloftheauthor’stwoyearsspentteachingEnglishinasmalltowncalledFuling,situatedonthebanksoftheYangtzeRiver.Hesslerwritesabouthisexperienceslivinginaforeigncultureandobservingthelivesofthetown’sresidents.(《江城：长江上的两年》作者何伟(PeterHessler)——这本书是作者在长江岸边一个叫涪陵的小镇上教英语两年的日记。何伟写了他在异国文化中的生活经历，以及他对小镇居民生活的观察)”可知，RiverTown是何伟的私人日记。journal意为“旅行日记”。故选B项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段末句“Thisbookwasthetopbestsellerforyears.(这本书多年来一直是最畅销书)”可知，这本书深受读者好评。B.C.D.项都可排除。这本书不是500年前出版的；作者不是历史老师；该书出版后历经多次修订和更新。故选A项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段“Chang,aformerNewYorkTimesjournalist,interviewedhundredsoffactorygirlstoprovideinsightintothesocialandeconomicchangesinChina.(Chang是前纽约时报记者，她采访了数百名女工，为我们提供了对中国社会和经济变化的见解)”可知，FactoryGirls:FromVillagetoCityinaChangingChina的作者LeslieT.Chang是一名记者。故选D项。BItwasacarefreesummerdaywhenafather,StevenPoust,wasoutboatingontheSt.John’sRiverwithhis4-year-olddaughterAbigailand4-year-oldsonChase.Thechildrenwereplayfullyswimmingneartheiranchoredboatwhiletheirfatherwasfishing,smilingathiskids.Suddenly,Abigailgotcaughtinthepowerfulcurrent,forcinghertoreleasethehandleontheboat.Chaseletgooftheboattotakeholdofhislittlesister,buthefoundhimselfcaughtinthecurrent.WhenStevenjumpedintothewatertorescuehisstrugglingchildren,hewasalsopulledin.Astheyalldriftedfartherfromtheboat,thedesperatefatherpushedhissontoasaferplaceandtriedtostickwithhisdaughteraslongashecould.However,heworehimselfoutlater,andshedriftedawayfromhim.Thefatherhadtofollowhisdaughter.SotheresponsibilitytosavethefamilywasnowonyoungChase’sshoulders.Steveninstructedhissontoswimtotheshoreandfindimmediatehelp.Meanwhile,hewouldattempttoretrievehislittlegirl,whowascontinuouslybeingpulledfartherfromhisreach.Chasedidashewastold.Theyoungboywasswimmingagainstthecurrent,whichmadeitmoredifficulttoswimtowardtheshore.However,theyoungboycontinuedtoswimwithonethoughtinmind:tosavehisfamily.Chaseswamasfastashecouldtoreachtheriverbank.Whenhegrewtired,Chasecleverlyfloatedonhisback;attimes,hepaddledtoconservehisenergy.Oncehereachedtheshore,heracedtotheclosesthousehecouldfind,knockedonthedoorandscreamedforhelp.Theownersansweredandimmediatelydialed911.TheJacksonvilleFireandRescueDepartmentrespondedquickly.Theylocatedtheemptyboat.Inthewater,theyfoundkids’shoes,acellphoneandfishingpolesfloatingneartheboat.Aftera90-minutesearch,thesearchcrewlocatedthefatherandthedaughterinthewater,whohadbeensweptamileandahalffromtheirabandonedboat.4.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph1?A.Theyhadnothingtodobutplaynearthewater.B.Theyhadaverypleasanttimebeforetheaccident.C.Stevenwassoabsorbedinfishingthathedidn’tlookafterhiskidswell.D.Abigailreleasedthehandleontheboattoseeksomethingnewandexciting.5.WhydidStevencountonChasetoseekforhelp?A.Hismentalstrengthranout. B.Hisswimmingskillwaspoorer.C.Hehadtotrytosavehisdaughter. D.HewantedtogetChasetrained.6.WhichonemayNOTbethereasonfortheirsafereturn?A.Chase’sintelligenceandflexibilitytowardsdifferentsituations.B.Therapidresponseandefficientworkofrelevantdepartment.C.AbigailandSteven’soptimismandnevergivingupthehopeofliving.D.Thekindnessandwarmheartoftheroomowners.7.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeSteven?A.Devotedandcalm. B.Braveandgenerous.C.Strictandsmart. D.Ambitiousandhonest.【答案】4.B5.C6.C7.A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了父亲StevenPoust带着儿女在圣约翰河上划船，结果女儿不幸落水，StevenPoust自己努力找回女儿，让儿子游到岸边寻求帮助，最终儿子经过不懈努力找来了救援，拯救了家人的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Itwasacarefreesummerdaywhenafather,StevenPoust,wasoutboatingontheSt.John’sRiverwithhis4-year-olddaughterAbigailand4-year-oldsonChase.Thechildrenwereplayfullyswimmingneartheiranchoredboatwhiletheirfatherwasfishing,smilingathiskids.(那是一个无忧无虑的夏日，父亲史蒂文·普斯特带着4岁的女儿阿比盖尔和4岁的儿子蔡斯在圣约翰河上划船。孩子们在锚定的船附近嬉戏，而他们的父亲在钓鱼，微笑着看着他的孩子)”可知，孩子们在船附近嬉戏，父亲在钓鱼，并微笑着看着他的孩子们。由此可知，事故前，父亲和他的孩子度过了一段非常愉快的时光。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Thefatherhadtofollowhisdaughter.SotheresponsibilitytosavethefamilywasnowonyoungChase’sshoulders.(父亲不得不跟着女儿。因此，拯救这个家的责任现在落在了小蔡斯的肩上)”可知，父亲不得不跟着女儿，所以拯救这个家的责任落到了Chase的肩上，结合第三段“Steveninstructedhissontoswimtotheshoreandfindimmediatehelp.Meanwhile,hewouldattempttoretrievehislittlegirl,whowascontinuouslybeingpulledfartherfromhisreach.(Steven指示他的儿子游到岸边并立即寻求帮助。与此同时，他会试图找回他的小女孩，她一直被冲得离他越来越远)”可知，在让儿子去岸边寻求帮助的同时，Steven在试图找回他的女儿。由此可知，之所以指望着Chase寻求帮助是因为他必须设法救他的女儿。故选C项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Whenhegrewtired,Chasecleverlyfloatedonhisback;attimes,hepaddledtoconservehisenergy.Oncehereachedtheshore,heracedtotheclosesthousehecouldfind,knockedonthedoorandscreamedforhelp.(当他累了的时候，Chase聪明地在水上漂浮着；有时，他踩水以节省体力。一到岸边，他就跑到最近的一所房子前，敲了敲门，大声呼救)”可知，Chase在游回岸边寻求帮助时能在不同的情况下做出聪明和灵活的行动，这是他们能安全返回的原因；根据尾段中的“TheJacksonvilleFireandRescueDepartmentrespondedquickly.(杰克逊维尔消防和救援部门迅速做出反应)”可知，消防部门迅速做出反应也是他们安全返回的原因之一；根据倒数第二段中的“Oncehereachedtheshore,heracedtotheclosesthousehecouldfind,knockedonthedoorandscreamedforhelp.Theownersansweredandimmediatelydialed911.(一到岸边，他就跑到最近的一所房子前，敲了敲门，大声呼救。房主做出回应，立即拨打了911)”可知，Chase到岸上后敲响最近的一所房子的门，并大声呼救，房主马上拨打了911，所以，房主的善良与热心也可以是他们得以安全返回的原因之一，文章中未提到Abigail与Steven的乐观和永不放弃活着的希望。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Astheyalldriftedfartherfromtheboat,thedesperatefatherpushedhissontoasaferplaceandtriedtostickwithhisdaughteraslongashecould.(当他们都离船越来越远的时候，绝望的父亲把儿子推到一个更安全的地方，并尽可能地和女儿呆在一起)”可知，在船离他们越来越远的时候，Steven把儿子推到安全的地方，自己尽可能与女儿在一起，结合第三段中的“Steveninstructedhissontoswimtotheshoreandfindimmediatehelp.Meanwhile,hewouldattempttoretrievehislittlegirl,whowascontinuouslybeingpulledfartherfromhisreach.(Steven指示他的儿子游到岸边并立即寻求帮助。与此同时，他会试图找回他的小女孩，她一直被拉得离他越来越远)”可知，Steven在危险的时刻让自己的儿子游到岸边寻求帮助，而他试图找回他的女儿。由此推知，Steven是一个忠诚的人，且在遇到事情的时候能够冷静地面对，并想办法解决问题，所以他还是个很冷静的人。故选A项。CSharingabedwithapetatnightisacommonfeatureofnighttimeroutinesintheUnitedStates.Accordingtoa2021—2022survey,43percentofpetdogsintheUnitedStatesand49percentofpetcatssleepontheirowner’sbed.Whenitcomestotheperksofsharingyourbedwithyourfavoritefurryfriend,however,expertsaredivided.First,it’sworthnotingthatthemajorityofresearchonthetopicofco-sleepingwithpetshasfocusedondogsratherthancats.MarkFierstein,aninternalmedicinespecialistatNYULangoneHealthinNewYorkCity,suggeststhisisbecausecatsmaywanttoplayorevenpurposelywakeuptheirowner.Rabbitsorhamstersarealsooutofthequestion.Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.“Often,peoplewhoco-sleepwithpetsreportanincreasedsenseofsecurity,companionship,andrelaxation,”henotes.“Forsomepeople,thedog’swarmth,steadyheartbeat,andprotectivenaturecanmakesleepingwiththemfeelsafeandcozy.”Thismaybeespeciallytrueofpeoplewhoaremanagingtraumaorpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).LeslieSinn,apsychologist,saysaccordingtoasurvey,60%ofPTSDsuffersfeelcalmdowniftheywakeuptoseethepresenceofthedog.Someresearchsuggestsco-sleepingwithpetsmayincreasemid-nightawakeningsforpeople.“Iftheownerisalightsleeper,heorshemaynotdowellwithadogorcatinthebedroom,”notesFierstein.Forexample,hepointsoutthatadogwhosnoresloudlyisnotanidealsleepingmate.Dogsmayalsoshowaggressivebehavior—suchasbiting.Allowingpetsinthebedroomcanalsoexposeownerstopotentialallergens,likepethair,aswellasvirusesthatcausedisease.8.Whichwordcanreplacetheunderlinedword“perks”inthefirstparagraph?A.disadvantages B.numbers C.possibility D.bonus9.Accordingtothetext,whomightbethemostsuitableonetosleepwithadog?A.Anewbornbaby. B.Asurvivorofanearthquake.C.Anoldmanwithaheartdisease. D.Ayoungmansufferingfromlackofsleep.10.WhichoneisNOTthebenefittosleepwithapet?A.Torelievepost-traumaticstressdisorder. B.Topreventloneliness.C.Togetasenseofsecurity. D.Toavoidpotentialallergens.11.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardssleepingwithpets?A.Objective B.Skeptical C.Ambiguous D.Approving【答案】8.D9.B10.D11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是与自己的宠物在一张床上睡的好处以及由此带来的潜在的问题。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.(菲尔斯坦说，和宠物一起睡觉的一个好处是，这种做法可以防止孤独感)”可知，菲尔斯坦说，与宠物一起可以防止孤独感，结合下文中的“LeslieSinn,apsychologist,saysaccordingtoasurvey,60%ofPTSDsuffersfeelcalmdowniftheywakeuptoseethepresenceofthedog.(心理学家莱斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)说，根据一项调查，60%的PTSD患者醒来时看到狗的存在会感到平静)”可知，心理学家莱斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)说说，根据一项调查发现，很多PTSD患者醒来时能看到狗的存在会感到平静，结合划线单词后的“expertsaredivided.”可知，专家们在谈论到与狗一起睡的“好处”时，专家们的看法不一，由此可知，划线单词的意思与“好处”意思相近。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Thismaybeespeciallytrueofpeoplewhoaremanagingtraumaorpost-traumaticstressdisorder(PTSD).LeslieSinn,apsychologist,saysaccordingtoasurvey,60%ofPTSDsuffersfeelcalmdowniftheywakeuptoseethepresenceofthedog.(对于那些正在处理创伤或创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的人来说尤其如此。心理学家莱斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)说，根据一项调查，60%的PTSD患者醒来时看到狗的存在会感到平静)”可知，莱斯利·辛恩(LeslieSinn)说，对于那些正处理创伤或创伤后应激障碍的人来说，醒来后看到狗的存在会感到平静，由此可知，地震的幸存者应该是最适合与狗一起睡的人。故选B项。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据尾段中的“Allowingpetsinthebedroomcanalsoexposeownerstopotentialallergens,likepethair,aswellasvirusesthatcausedisease.(让宠物进入卧室也会让主人接触到潜在的过敏原，比如宠物毛发，以及导致疾病的病毒)”可知，与宠物一起睡可能让主人接触到潜在的过敏原，此处讲述的是与宠物一起睡带来的问题，所以，避免潜在的过敏原不是与宠物一起睡的好处。故选D项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据首段中的“Accordingtoa2021—2022survey,43percentofpetdogsintheUnitedStatesand49percentofpetcatssleepontheirowner’sbed.(根据2021-2022年的一项调查，美国43%的宠物狗和49%的宠物猫睡在主人的床上)”可知，作者通过具体的数据表明很美国很多人与宠物一起睡，根据第三段中的“Abenefitofsleepingwithpetsisthatthepracticemaypreventloneliness,Fiersteinsays.(菲尔斯坦说，和宠物一起睡觉的一个好处是，这种做法可以防止孤独感)”可知，菲尔斯坦说，与宠物一起睡可以防止孤独感，并在下文中列举了很多与宠物一起睡的好处，结合倒数第二段中的“Someresearchsuggestsco-sleepingwithpetsmayincreasemid-nightawakeningsforpeople.(一些研究表明，与宠物共睡可能会增加人们半夜醒来的次数)”和尾段“Dogsmayalsoshowaggressivebehavior—suchasbiting.Allowingpetsinthebedroomcanalsoexposeownerstopotentialallergens,likepethair,aswellasvirusesthatcausedisease.(狗也可能表现出攻击性行为，比如咬人。让宠物进入卧室也会让主人接触到潜在的过敏原，比如宠物毛发，以及导致疾病的病毒)”可知，作者在最后两段介绍了与宠物一起睡可能会带来的一些问题，综合以上信息可知，作者既介绍了与宠物一起睡的好处，也介绍了与宠物一起睡可能会带来的问题，所以作者对与宠物一起睡的态度是客观的。故选A项。DNow,anewtrialfindsantiviralmedications,whengivensoonafterachildisdiagnosedwithtype1diabetes(糖尿病),mighthelppreservethosevitalbeta(β)cells.Antiviraldrugscouldbe“usedalone,oraspartofcombinationtreatment,torescueinsulin(胰岛素)—producingbetacellsatdiagnosisoftype1diabetes,”saidateamthatpresentedtheirfindingsattheannualmeetingoftheEuropeanAssociationfortheStudyofDiabetes,inHamburg.So-calledbetacellsinthepancreas(胰腺)cangenerateinsulin.Butinsomecases,anuncontrolledauto-immuneresponsecausesthebodytoattackitsownbetacells,ruiningachild’scapacitytoproduceinsulinandcausetype1diabetes.Sopeoplewithtype1diabetesrelyoninsulininjectionstomaintainhealthybloodsugarlevelstherestoftheirlives.Theresearchershavebeeninvestigatingtherootcausesoftheautoimmune“malfunction”behindbetacelldestructionforyears,andtheydiscoveredthatlow-gradeinfectionswithcommongermsoftenoccurinthepancreaticcellsofpeoplenewlydiagnosedwithtypeldiabetes.Sowhatifthesepeopleweregivenantivirals—inthiscase,pleconarilandribavirin—toridthepancreasoftheseinfections?Thenewtrial,ledbyDr.Mynarek,soughttoanswerthatquestion.Theteamfollowed96childrenaged6to15whowerealldiagnosedwithtype1diabetesinthestudy.Thechildrenwererandomlyselectedtoreceiveeitherthetwoantiviralmedicinesoraplacebo(无效对照剂)forsixmonths.Mynarek’sgrouptrackedC-peptideslevelsintheblood,which“mirrortheinsulinproductioninthepancreas,”implyingthatthehigherachild’sC-peptidelevelsontests,thebettertheirpancreaswasproducinginsulin.Accordingtotheirfindings,whileC-peptidelevelsdroppedafull24%inchildrenwhoreceivedtheplacebo,itfellbyjust11%inthosewhogottheantivirals.Thatsuggeststhetreatmenthelpedprotectthechild’spancreaticbetacellsfromdestruction.Theresearchersconcludedthat“furtherstudiesshouldbedonetoevaluatewhetherantiviraltreatmentcoulddelaytheprogressionofbeta-celldamageleadingtoclinicaltypeldiabetes.”12.What’sthefunctionofbetacells?A.Toattacktheviruses. B.Toproduceinsulin.C.Tocausediabetes. D.Toabsorbdrugs.13.Howdoesthenewdrugworkfordiabetes?A.Tokillthegermsinfectingourpancreas. B.Toinjectinsulintoourbody.C.Tohelpcreatemorebetacells. D.Topreventcommongermsfromattacks.14.WhatdoesthetrialfindaccordingtoMynarek’sgroup?A.Therewasnoobviousdifferencebetweenthetwogroups.B.ThekidsgivenaplaceboshowahigherC-peptidelevelsthanothers.C.Thekidsgivenantiviralmedicinesproducemoreinsulinthanothers.D.Thekidstakingaplaceboproducemoreinsulinthanothers.15.Whichisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TherootcauseofdiabeteshasbeenfoundB.BetacellscouldbepreservedbyinsulinC.AutoimmuneresponsecouldcausebodydiabetesD.AntiviralmedicinescouldhelpeaseTypeldiabetes【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明服用抗病毒药物可以帮助缓解1型糖尿病。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“So-calledbetacellsinthepancreas(胰腺)cangenerateinsulin.(胰腺中所谓的β细胞可以产生胰岛素)”可知betacells的功能是产生胰岛素。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Sowhatifthesepeopleweregivenantivirals—inthiscase,pleconarilandribavirin—toridthepancreasoftheseinfections?(那么，如果给这些人服用抗病毒药物——在这种情况下，是普莱纳尔和利巴韦林——来清除胰腺的这些感染呢？)”可知，新药物是通过消除胰腺的感染来治疗糖尿病的。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段c肽水平和胰岛素分泌能力的关系“Mynarek’sgrouptrackedC-peptideslevelsintheblood,which“mirrortheinsulinproductioninthepancreas,”implyingthatthehigherachild’sC-peptidelevelsontests,thebettertheirpancreaswasproducinginsulin.(Mynarek的研究小组追踪了血液中的c肽水平，它“反映了胰腺中胰岛素的产生”，这意味着在测试中，孩子的c肽水平越高，他们的胰腺分泌胰岛素的能力就越强)”以及研究结果“Accordingtotheirfindings,whileC-peptidelevelsdroppedafull24%inchildrenwhoreceivedtheplacebo,itfellbyjust11%inthosewhogottheantivirals.Thatsuggeststhetreatmenthelpedprotectthechild’spancreaticbetacellsfromdestruction.(根据他们的发现，服用安慰剂的儿童c肽水平下降了整整24%，而服用抗病毒药物的儿童c肽水平只下降了11%)”可知，研究表明，服用抗病毒药物的儿童c肽水平较高，即他们可分泌更多的胰岛素。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Now,anewtrialfindsantiviralmedications,whengivensoonafterachildisdiagnosedwithtype1diabetes(糖尿病),mighthelppreservethosevitalbeta(β)cells.(现在，一项新的试验发现，在孩子被诊断为1型糖尿病后立即给予抗病毒药物，可能有助于保护那些至关重要的β细胞)”可知这篇文章是一项研究，研究表明服用抗病毒药物对诊断为1型糖尿病的儿童有帮助。由此可知，D选项“AntiviralmedicinescouldhelpeaseTypeldiabetes(抗病毒药物可以帮助缓解1型糖尿病)”适合作本文最佳标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThePowerof“Like”Likeitorloveit,socialmediaisamajorpartoflife.Teensspendmorethanhalfoftheirwakinghoursonline.Andmostofwhattheydoisreadandrespondtopostsbyfriendsandfamily.Clickingonathumbs-upisaneasywaytostayintouch.____16____Clicking“like”onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.____17____Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.What’smore,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmany“likes”)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.____18____Seeingsomeoneelse’spopularphoto,however,doesn’tnecessarilyturniton.____19____Inone2011study,teensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,whichsuggestedthatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.Andtheymakesimilarchangeswhenusingsocialmediaaccordingtoaresearchconductedlastyear.Theresearchshowedthatpopularphotosmightsignaltoteensthatwhat’sinthosephotosissociallyacceptable.Forexample,imagesrelatedtoalcoholmayencourageteenstodrink.Thatmeansthatwhatyoulikeonlinehasthepowertoinfluencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo.Joiningsocialmediacangivepeopleasenseofbeingintheknow.However,postsmayexaggerate(夸张)howwellourfriendsandothersarefeeling,makingthemappearmuchhappierthanweare.____20____A.Itcanalsolowertheviewer’sself-control.B.Teensuseittolearnhowtohandletheirsocialworld.C.Manysocialmediasitessharemoreofthehigher-rankedposts.D.It’snosurprisethatresponsesfrompeersaffecthowteensbehave.E.Theirbrainsrespondtothose“likes”byturningontherewardcenter.F.Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.G.Butthose“likes”canhavepowerthatgoesbeyondasimpleconnection.【答案】16.G17.C18.E19.D20.F【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了点赞对青少年产生的影响。【16题详解】上文“Clickingonathumbs-upisaneasywaytostayintouch.(点赞是保持联系的一种简单方式)”说明点赞是一种比较简单的保持联系方式，G项“但这些“赞”的力量可以超越简单的联系”与其紧密衔接，“asimpleconnection”与“aneasywaytostayintouch”相呼应，并引出文章的主题，符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据上文“Clicking“like”onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.(在帖子上点击“喜欢”可以增加看到它的人数。如果其他人点赞了一个帖子，新观众也更有可能点赞)”以及后文“Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.(因此，这种受欢迎程度可以靠自己来维持)”可知，本句是在说明点赞多的帖子对后文受欢迎程度之间的关系，故C选项“许多社交媒体网站分享更多排名较高的帖子”符合语境，故选C。【18题详解】上文“What’smore,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmany“likes”)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.(更重要的是，看到自己的帖子有很多点赞，会激活他们大脑中的奖励系统。对青少年自己照片的积极回应（以许多赞的形式）告诉他们，他们的朋友很欣赏他们发布的材料)”提到青少年看到自己的帖子被点赞会激活他们大脑的奖励系统，E项“他们的大脑通过打开奖励中心来对这些赞做出反应”承接上文，符合语境。故选E。【19题详解】下文“Inone2011study,teensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,whichsuggestedthatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.(在2011年的一项研究中，青少年在实验室里做驾驶任务时，当他们的朋友在身边时，他们冒了更多的风险，这表明青少年正在改变他们的行为，试图获得社会的认可)”说明青少年有朋友在身边时，他们会改变自己的行为，D项“毫不奇怪，来自同龄人的反馈会影响青少年的行为”与举例说明的内容吻合，符合语境。故选D。【20题详解】根据空前的“Butpostsmayexaggerate(夸大)howwellourfriendsandothersarefeeling,makingthemappearmuchhappierthanweare.(但是帖子可能会夸大我们的朋友和其他人的感觉，使他们看起来比我们快乐得多)”可知，帖子可能会使得他们看起来比我们更快乐，F选项“Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.(这可能会不恰当地让我们觉得自己不如他们成功)”中描述的内容与空前内容相对应，且其中的代词them以及us空前内容指代一致。故选F。第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Afour-year-oldchildinNewberryCountyhadlastbeenseenatabout3:00p.m.,butshewasmissinglaterintheday.Thesituationtooka___21___turnaround6:00p.m.whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.Reactingimmediately,thehunter___22___anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild'slocation.Theoperators___23___immediately,applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition.Thiscrucialinformationwasthen___24___senttotherelatedLawEnforcementDivisionandthecounty'sfirst___25___.Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamquickly___26___tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately___27___aheartwarmingreunion.Themissingfour-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries.Despiteher___28___experience,shewasfoundtobeinsurprisinglygood___29___,exceptherunderstandabletiredness,thirstandfear.The____30____rescuewastheresultofthe____31____betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole.TheNewberryCountySheriffsOfficeexpressedtheir____32____fortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingthose____33____theirthoughtsandprayersduringthesearch.Andtheyshowedtheirreliefatthe____34____ofthelittlegirlinthecareoffamily.Theirheroicactionswillbe____35____asaheartwarmingsuccessstoryinNewberryCountyinthecomingyears.21.A.hopeful B.disappointing C.reasonable D.challenging22.A.received B.placed C.missed D.answered23.A.appeared B.escaped C.arrived D.acted24.A.optionally B.carefully C.entirely D.rapidly25.A.rescuers B.discoverers C.operators D.survivors26.A.adapted B.returned C.pointed D.headed27.A.paidfor B.setup C.ledto D.tookon28.A.regretful B.frightening C.annoying D.shameful29.A.mind B.shape C.order D.faith30.A.risky B.traditional C.remarkable D.joyful31.A.respect B.balance C.cooperation D.discussion32.A.blessing B.kindness C.concern D.gratitude33.A.offering B.praising C.advocating D.assessing34.A.performance B.virtue C.recovery D.courage35.A.celebrated B.perfected C.performed D.corrected【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.D25.A26.D27.C28.B29.B30.C31.C32.D33.A34.C35.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个两岁的小女孩丢失了，在救援中各部门行动迅速，积极配合，不懈努力，让孩子及时得救。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：下午6点左右，当该地区的一名猎人听到失踪儿童的哭声时，情况发生了有希望的转折。A.hopeful有希望的；B.disappointing令人失望的；C.reasonable合理的；D.challenging具有挑战性的。根据下文“whenahunterintheareaheardthecriesofthemissingchild.”可知，寻找孩子有了希望。故选A项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：猎人立即做出反应，拨打了紧急电话，告诉当局孩子的位置。A.received收到；B.placed放置，拨打；C.missed错过；D.answered回答。根据下文“anemergencycalltellingauthoritiesthechild’slocation.”可知，猎人拨打急救电话。故选B项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：操作人员立即行动，应用先进的测绘技术确定位置。A.appeared出现；B.escaped逃逸；C.arrived到达；D.acted行为。根据下文“applyingadvancedmappingtechnologytolocatetheposition”可知，收到急救电话后，操作人员立刻就行动了起来。故选D项。【24题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这一重要信息随后迅速被送往南卡罗来纳州的一个执法部门和该县的第一个救援人员。A.optionally可选地；B.carefully小心地；C.entirely完全地；D.rapidly迅速地。根据常识可知，救援是紧急的，应迅速传达信息。故选D项。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.rescuers救援人员；B.discoverers发现者；C.operators操作员；D.survivors幸存者。根据下文“Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately_______aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，信息应传达给救援人员。故选A项。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有了定位数据，搜索队很快就向森林地区前进。A.adapted适应；B.returned返回；C.pointed指出；D.headed朝(某方向)行进。根据上文“Withthelocationdatainhand”可知，搜索人员在定位数据的指引下前行。故选D项。【27题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些救援人员的不懈努力最终促成了一次温馨的团聚。A.paidfor付款；B.setup设置；C.ledto导致；D.tookon呈现。根据下文“aheartwarmingreunion”可知，救援人员的付出让孩子和家人团聚。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管她有着令人害怕的经历，但人们发现她的身体状况出奇地好，除了可以理解的疲倦、口渴和恐惧。A.regretful遗憾的；B.frightening令人害怕的；C.annoying烦人的；D.shameful可耻的。根据常识可知，走丢了是令人害怕的经历。故选B项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.mind心智；B.shape状况；C.order订单；D.faith信仰。根据上文“Themissingtwo-year-oldwasfoundintheforest,safeandsoundexceptsomeslightinjuries”可知，小女孩状况很好。beingoodshape“状态良好”。故选B项。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次引人注目的营救行动是不同部门之间通力合作的结果。A.risky有风险的；B.traditional传统的；C.remarkable显著的；D.joyful快乐的。根据全文以及上文“Withthelocationdatainhand,asearchteamwasquickly_______tothewoodedarea.Thetirelesseffortsoftheserescueworkersultimately_____aheartwarmingreunion.”可知，这次救援中各部门行动迅速，配合好，是一次引人注目的营救行动。不懈努力才让孩子及时得救了。故选C项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.respect尊重；B.balance平衡；C.cooperation合作；D.discussion讨论。根据下文“betweendifferentdepartmentsandthecommunityasawhole”可知，是各部门的通力合作让救援变得很顺利。故选C项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：纽伯里县治安官办公室对包括市民在内的所有相关人员的努力表示感谢，并感谢他们在搜寻过程中提供的想法和祈祷。A.blessing祝福；B.kindness善良；C.concern关注；D.gratitude感激。根据下文“ortheeffortsofeveryoneinvolved,includingcitizens,andthose_____