2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS突破语法大冲关课时作业含解析新人教版选择性必修第四册

PAGE课时分层作业(五)Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Aflockofbirdsflewtowardsusslowlyfromfaraway.2．Themusicbroughthimafeelingofhappinessandfreedom(free)．3．Thefoodfinallyarrivedattheendoflastweekandthedistribution(distribute)began.4．Thejudgerecommendedthatheserve20yearsinprison.5．Friendshipislikemoney：easiermadethankept(keep)．6．Somebirdswouldbuildtheirnests(nest)inthetreesnearourhouse.7．Theviolence(violent)inthosefilmswastoounreal，itwasmake­believe.8．Afterayearofsessions(session)andtests，thecounselorreachedhisconclusion.9．Thestranger'squestionsurprisedmesothatItemporarily(temporary)lostmytongue.10．Thecomputercenter，opened(open)lastyear，isverypopularamongthestudentsinthisschool!Ⅱ.完形填空Youneverknowhowfarakindactcango.Youdon'tknowwhoitcan1either.WhenGloriaPorterandJeffReickbegancommunicating，theyhadnoideahowmuchitwouldencourageothersto2peoplewithkindness.89­year­oldGloriaPorterwaslyinginhospital.Shecouldn'tleaveherward.Sotoescapefrom3，shewouldoftenstareoutsideherwindowtowatchconstructionworkers4thenewfrontentrancetothehospital.Shewasn'texpectingoneoftheironworkerstowavetoher.Shecouldn'thelpbutwavebackatthekind5．Thiswasonlythestartofaspecialconnectionbetweenthetwo.JeffReickknewPorterwas6，sohedecidedtosendakind7toherbyfindingsomechalkandwriting“GetWell”ononeofthebeams(梁)facingher8．“Ijustthoughtthatwasprecious，”Portersaid.“SoIshoulddosomethingto9that.”WhenPortersawconstructionworkersworkinghighabovethegroundonecold，windyday，shegrew10.Shewrote“StaySafe”onapieceofpaper，whichshethenplacedonthewindowfortheworkerstosee.“WhenIsaw‘StaySafe’onthewindow，I11andsaidtomycoworkers，‘Didyouseethat？’”Reicksaid.Thehospitalstafftookphotosaboutthatand12themonsocialmedia.Thesimpleactsofkindnessspreadandmanypeoplewereemployedinsimilaracts，includingonewomanwhodelivered13pizzatotheconstructionworkers.“Ijusttrytoleadbyexampleandneverexpectsomuch14，”Reicksaid.“Ifeverybody15doesthingslikethat，theworldwillbeabetterplace.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。讲解并描述了一位生病住院的老人和建筑工人之间通过简短话语相互关怀的暖和故事。最终两人相互关爱的故事也感染了其他人。作者借此告知我们，假如每个人都相互关爱，世界将变得更加美妙。1．A.affect B．pleaseC．disturb D．saveA[依据全文内容可知，此处意为你恒久不知道和善的行为会走多远，你也不知道会“影响”到谁。故选affect。]2．A.shower B．impressC．charge D．comfortA[依据下文情节可知，他们不知道自己的善举会激励那么多人大量传达善意给其他人。shower大量地给，符合语境。]3．A.fear B．sadnessC．restriction D．boredomD[依据上文提到的Porter生病住院且不能离开病房可知，为了躲避无聊(boredom)，她经常在病房里盯着窗外看。]4．A.destroying B．buildingC．repairing D．designingB[依据空前的“constructionworkers”和空后的“thenewfrontentrancetothehospital”可知他们正在建(build)新的医院前门。destroy破坏；repair修理；design设计。]5．A.favor B．inspirationC．gesture D．jobC[依据语境可知，Porter认为建筑工人向她挥手是一个善意的举动，并且在之后用行动回复了这样的善意动作。故选gesture。]6．A.ill B．fineC．poor D．lonelyA[依据其次段开头的“89­year­oldGloriaPorterwaslyinginhospital.Shecouldn'tleaveherward.”可知，Porter生病了，故选ill。]7．A.note B．messageC．letter D．memoryB[依据下文Reick用粉笔在梁上写下的“早日康复”可知，他确定传达给老人善意的信息(message)。]8．A.door B．wallC．window D．entranceC[上文提到Porter常注视窗外，Reick在梁上写下的“早日康复”也应当是朝向Porter的窗户(window)的。]9．A.record B．changeC．return D．rememberC[Porter认为Reick对自己的激励是珍贵的，因此她觉得自己应当回报(return)这份善意。]10．A.puzzled B．annoyedC．interested D．concernedD[上文提到建筑工人们在寒风中高空作业，Porter应是对他们的平安很担忧(concerned)。]11．A.turnedaround B．lookedaroundC．camedown D．waitedforA[Reick正在工作，见到Porter写的字后应当是转身(turnaround)提示同事们朝窗口看。lookaround环顾；comedown下降，倒下；waitfor等待。]12．A.found B．commentedC．deleted D．sharedD[医院员工拍下了两人透过病房窗户沟通的画面，并把照片共享(share)到了社交媒体上。]13．A.expensive B．cheapC．free D．terribleC[一位女士给建筑工人们送来了免费的(free)比萨饼。]14．A.satisfaction B．participationC．success D．trustB[此处表示“我只想以身作则，并未料到会有这么多人参加(participation)”。]15．A.apparently B．merelyC．especially D．willinglyD[假如每一个人都情愿(willingly)这样做，世界就会变得更美妙。]Ⅲ.语法填空(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e­4probe(探测器)—thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess—1.________(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole­Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis2.______(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe，Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot3.________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular4.______(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山)，moreso5.________thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e­46.________(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole­Aitkenbasin.“Thisreallyexcitesscientists，”CarlePieters，ascientistatBrownUniversity，says，“becauseit7.________(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon8.________(construct)．”Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition，suchashow9.________iceandothertreasuresitcontains，couldhelpChinadecidewhether10.________(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。“嫦娥四号”无人探测器登月胜利，证明白中国是第一个登上月球背面的国家。1．touched[考查动词时态。句中有时间状语lastweek，故用一般过去时。]2．extremely[考查词性转换。副词extremely修饰后面的形容词challenging。]3．where[考查定语从句。先行词是spot，后跟定语从句，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。]4．interest[考查词性转换。句中含有“be＋of＋名词”结构，beofparticularinterest＝beparticularlyinteresting，故填名词interest。]5．than[考查连词。本句中含有more，空格后为比较对象，因此本空应填than。]6．tofind