吉林省友好学校第78届联考2024-2025学年高三上学期10月期中英语试题 含解析

高三英语试卷注意事项：1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoesthemanplantogothisyear?A.Europe. B.Asia. C.SouthAmerica.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:AreyougoingtoEuropeforyourvacationthisyear?M:No,wegothereeveryyearandwehavealreadybeentoAsiaacoupleoftimes.ButwehaveneverbeentoSouthAmerica,sowearegoingthere.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Cleanthefloor. B.SitinRow5. C.Dropglassbottles.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Hey,Steven.CanyoupleasegoovertoRowFive?Someonedroppedsomeglassbottlesonthefloorandthereisahugemessoverthere.M:Surething,Mrs.Smith.Iwillgocleanthatuprightaway.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shewantstogoswimming.B.Sheisbusywithherproject.C.Shewillhaveatesttomorrow.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Haveyoubeentothenewswimmingpoolsinceitopened?W:Areyoukidding?Tomorrowisthedeadlineformyproject4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Getasparekey. B.Borrowsomebooks. C.Helphisneighbor.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:What’stheproblem?Don’tyouhaveyourapartmentkey?M:It’sagoodthingIleaveaspare(备用的；多余的)keywithmyneighbor.Iamgoingtostopbyandaskhimforit,solcangetinandgetmybooks.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】HowmanypeoplewillvisitLondonforfree?A.2. B.3. C.4.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:I’msoexcited.M:Anygoodnews?W:JimmyandIgotthechancetovisitLondonwithanothertwopeopleforfree.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Wherearethespeakers?A.Attheman’shouse. B.Inashop. C.Atanexhibition.7.WhichpicturewaspaintedbyGeorgeAnderson?A.TheSwissMountains. B.TheLovelyWindows. C.TheSummerFlowers.【答案】6.B7.C【解析】【原文】W:Youhavesomelovelypaintingsforsale.Canyoutellmewhopaintedtheoneinyourshopwindow?It’samazing.M:TheoilpaintingoftheSwissMountains?W:That’sbeautifulaswell.ButImeanttheonebelowit.M:OhtheSummerFlowers—that’sbyGeorgeAnderson.Look,thereisapictureofhimhereinthemagazine.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whydoesthemanfeelsorry?A.Hedidn’tkeepanappointment.B.Hecan’tlookafterhismother.C.Heistoobusytogotohospital.9.What’sthewoman’sattitudetowardtheman?A.Sorry. B.Understanding. C.Thankful.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】M:Helen,Iwanttohaveawordwithyou.W:Isitabouttheappointmentyesterdayevening?Forgetit!Itdoesn’treallymatter.M:ButImustsaysorrytoyouIdidn’tmeantobreakmyword.Iwasabouttoleavehomewhenmymothersuddenlypassedout.Itookhertothehospitalandlookedafterherallnight.ItwasnotuntilthismorningthatIrememberedmydatewithyou.W:Oh,I’msorrytohearthat.IssheOKnow?M:She’sallright,ButI’mterriblysorrytohavekeptyouwaitinglastnight!W:Iquiteunderstand,It’snotyourfault,butdon’tforeettocallmeupnexttimeifyoucan’tcome听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatistheproblemwiththewoman’swatch?A.Itneedsanewbattery. B.Itisruinedbywater. C.Itneedscleaning.11.Whatdoesthestoreofferifonechangesabatterythere?A.Anextrabattery. B.Aone-yearguarantee. C.Freecleaningservice.12.Whycan’tthewomangetherwatchbackrightaway?A.Thestorewillclosesoon.B.Shehasn’tgotenoughmoney.C.Themanisverybusynow.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,mywatchstoppedrunning,andIamnotsurewhat’swrongwithit.M:Well,letmelookatit.Hmm,itseemsthatitjustneedsanewbattery.W:Oh,really?IgotsomewateronitlastweekandIwasafraidthatitmightruinthewatch.Howmuchisanewbattery?M:It’s$5,andwenotonlychangeabatterybutalsoguaranteeitforayear.Andifyouhavethewatchcleanedhere,wecanguaranteeitforanadditional(额外的，附加的)threemonths.W:Thatsoundslikeagooddeal.I’llgetmybatteryhere.Whenwillitbeready?M:UsuallyIcandoitrightawaybutnowI’mrepairinglotsofwatches.Canyouleaveyourwatchhereuntil5p.m.?W:OK,seeyouthen.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whomightthespeakersbe?A.Policeofficers. B.Observers. C.Passengers.14.Whatdidtheoldladysay?A.Shedidn’tseeanything.B.Thetrafficlightsbrokedown.C.Theredcarwasdrivingveryfast.15.Whatwerethekidsdoingwhentheaccidenthappened?A.Crossingthestreet.B.Playingintheirfrontyard.C.Standingonthestreetcorner.16.WhatcausedtheaccidentaccordingtoMr.Bates?A.Theredcar. B.Thedog. C.Thebluecar.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:Hi,Bob.Didyoutalktoallofthewitnesses(日击者)tothecaraccident?M:Yes.Anoldladywasstandingonthestreetcornerwhentheaccidenthappened.Shesaidthatitwastheredcar’sfault.Itwasdrivingveryfastandthenquicklystoppedwhenthetrafliclightchanged.W:Whatdidthekidssay?M:Thekidswereplayingintheirfrontyard,andtheysaidthattheydidn’tseeanything.W:Didtheneighborsseeanything?M:Oneneighbor,Mr.Jones,saidthathesawadogrunoutintothestreetinfrontofthecar.W:Hmm.Nooneelsementionedadog.DidyoutalktoMr.Bates?Heisthemanwhowassellingnewspapersonthestreetcorner.M:Oh.yeah.Hesaiditwasthebluecar’sfault.W:Really?M:Yeah.Hesaidthatthemaninthebluecarwasn’tpayingattention.Whentheredcarstopped.hedidn’tnoticeuntilitwastoolate.Hewastheonewhohittheredcar.W:Hmm.Nooneelsementionedadog.DidyoutalktoMr.Bates?Heisthemanwhowassellingnewspapersonthestreetcorner.M:Oh.yeah.Hesaiditwasthebluecar’sfault.W:Really?M:Yeah.Hesaidthatthemaninthebluecarwasn’tpayingattention.Whentheredcarstopped.hedidn'tnoticeuntilitwastoolate,Hewastheonewhohittheredcar.W:Wow!Didtheyallseethesameaccident?Theyallremembersomethingdifferent.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whendoesthevolleyballclubmeet?A.OnThursdayevening. B.OnSundaymorning. C.OnSundayevening.18.Atwhattimedoesthemeetingfinish?A.7:30. B.9:30. C.10:00.19.Whatisthe£30usedfor?A.Heating. B.Hallrental. C.Sweaters.20.Whydoesthespeakerleavethismessage?A.Toarrangeaweeklymeeting.B.Torecommendasportsprogramme.C.ToanswerMarcoTaylor’squestions.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】M:ThisisamessageforMarcoTaylor.MynameisDavidWilson.I’msorryImissedyourcall.Iknowyouwantsomeinformationabouttheyolleyballclub.Theclubmeetsonceaweek,onThursdayevening.TherearesometimesmatchesonSundaymorning,butthosearejustforourplayers.Ourmeetingsbeginat7:30,andareabouttwohourslong.Mostpeopleliketogethomeintimeforthesportsprogrammeontelevisionatteno’clock.WemeetinJubileHall,justintheParkStreet.Thehalldoesn’thaveverygoodheating,soyou’llneedtobringasweatertoputafterwards.Thehallisquiteexpensivetorentsoweneedtopayf30eachweek.Ihopethisanswersyourquestionsandwe’llbeverypleasedtoseeyouatournextmeeting.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AYourHarvardSummerSchoolExperienceHarvardSummerSchooloffersmorethan400coursesforcollegestudentsinmorethan60differentsubjectareas.Ouropen-enrollmentcoursesareofferedinavarietyofadaptableformats,soyoucanfindtheoptionthatworksbestwithyourbusyschedule.Inourclassrooms—whetherinpersonoronline—you’llfind:·Harvardfacultyandindustryexpertsdedicatedtohelpingyouexpandyourskillsandsparkingintellectualcuriosity·Arigorouslearningenvironmentfilledwithrichinteractions·Anintensivecurriculumdesignedtobecompletedinashortersummersessionthanafalloraspringterm·Aninternationalnetworkofpeerslikeyou—driven,curious,andcommittedtogrowth·AccesstoHarvard’sfamouslibraries,museums,andcomputerlabsDetails:Non-creditcourses:Theyprovideanopportunityforpersonalgrowthwithouttheneedtoearncredits.Theseflexiblecoursescatertodiverseinterestsandschedules.Theyallowlearnerstoexplorenewsubjectswithoutformalassessments.Theirdurationsarevariable,rangingfrom4weeksto6weeks.4-creditcourses:Thesecoursesarecondensedintoamorefocusedtimeframetypicallyrunningforabout4weeks.Theyaredesignedforstudentswhowanttocompleteacoursewellandquickly.6-creditcourses:Theyarestructuredtolastforapproximately6weeks,offeringamoreextendedlearningperiodthatallowsforadeeperexplorationofthesubjectmatter.8-creditcourses:Thesearethemostcomprehensiveoptions,usuallyextendingoveran8-weekperiod.Theyareidealforstudentsseekinganin-depthstudyexperience,coveringawiderrangeoftopicsorallowingforamorethoroughexaminationofaparticularfield.21.WhatdoesHarvardSummerSchoolfeature?A.Longduration. B.Busyschedules.C.Flexiblearrangements. D.Competitiveenvironment.22.WhatcanthestudentsdoafterjoiningHarvardSummerSchool?A.Skipafallterm. B.Workinfamouslibraries.C.Makefriendswithexperts. D.Meetlike-mindedpeople.23.Whichcoursesarethebestforthestudentsfocusingonefficiency?A.Non-creditcourses. B.4-creditcourses.C.6-creditcourses. D.8-creditcourses.【答案】21.C22.D23.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了HarvardSummerSchool的相关信息。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Ouropen-enrollmentcoursesareofferedinavarietyofadaptableformats,soyoucanfindtheoptionthatworksbestwithyourbusyschedule.”（我们的开放注册课程提供多种可适应的形式，因此您可以找到最适合您繁忙日程的选择）可知，哈佛暑期学校的课程安排灵活。故选C项。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据文章“Aninternationalnetworkofpeerslikeyou—driven,curious,andcommittedtogrowth”（一个由像你这样的志同道合的人组成的国际网络ーー充满动力、好奇心和致力于发展）可知，学生可以在哈佛暑期学校遇到志同道合的人。故选D项。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据文章中关于4-creditcourses中的“Thesecoursesarecondensedintoamorefocusedtimeframe,typicallyrunningforabout4weeks.Theyaredesignedforstudentswhowanttocompleteacoursewellandquickly.”（这些课程被浓缩成一个更集中的时间框架，通常运行约4周。它们是为那些想要又好又快地完成一门课程的学生设计的）可知，4学分课程适合注重效率的学生。故选B项。BWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.25.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.26.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.27.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【答案】24.C25.D26.B27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了JohnTodd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Adirtystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(细菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?(在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse—likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。【27题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。【点睛】CTworesearchersfromtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,AlexRobelandShiJoyceSim,haveworkedonanewmodelforhowwatermovesunderglaciers(冰川).Thenewtheoryshowsthatuptotwicetheamountofunder-glacierwaterthatwasoriginallypredictedmightbeflowingintotheocean-potentiallyincreasingglacialmelting(融化),sealevelrise,andsoon.Whiletherearepre-existingmethodstounderstandunder-glacierflowthesetechniquesinvolvetime-consumingcomputations.RobelandSimdevelopedasimplesolution,whichcanpredicthowfastexfiltration(渗漏)is,usingsatellitemeasurementsofAntarcticafromthelasttwodecades.Robelexplains,“Previously,peoplewouldrunamodel,whichwouldhavetobeappliedateverypointunderAntarctica,andthenrunforwardoveralongtimeperiod.Nowtheentiretyofourpredictioncanbedoneinasecondonacomputer.”Thepotentiallylargesourceofunder-glacierwater-possiblyuptodoubletheamountpreviouslythought-couldbeaffectinghowquicklyglacialiceflowsandhowquicklytheicemeltsatitsbase.RobelandSimhopethatthepredictionsmadepossiblebythistheorycanbeincludedintoicesheetmodelsthatscientistsusetopredictfutureicesheetchangeandsealevelrise.Beyondsealevelrise,thisadditionalexfiltrationandmeltinghasotherpossiblefutureeffects.SomeoftheplacesofrichestoceanproductivityintheworldoccuroffthecoastofAntarctica,andbeingabletobetterpredictexfiltrationandmeltingcouldhelpoceanbiologistsbetterunderstandwhereoceanproductivityisoccurring,andhowitmightchangeinthefuture.Robelalsohopesthisworkwillopenthedoorwaytomorecooperationwithgroundwaterhydrologistswhomaybeabletoapplytheirknowledgetoicesheetdynamics,whileSimstressestheneedformorefieldwork.“Gettingtheobservationalistsinterestedintryingtohelpusbetterunderstandthequalitiesoficesheetswouldproduceadramaticeffect,”Simsays.“That’sourlargestunknownatthispoint,anditheavilyinfluencestheresults.”28.Whatisthenewmodelusedtostudy?A.Theriskofsealevelrise. B.Thechangesofoceanecosystems.C.Thespeedofglacialmelting. D.Theflowofwaterbeneathglaciers.29.Howdoestheauthorshowtheadvantageofthenewmodel?A.Byanalyzingfacts. B.Byreferringtofigures.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingacomparison.30.Whatdoestheauthorstressabouttheadditionalexfiltrationandmelting?A.Itgetsattentioninmanyplaces. B.Itmayinfluencemorethanonefield.C.Itisresponsibleforsealevelrise. D.Ithasbeenconsideredbybiologists.31.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.AnIn-depthStudyofAntarcticGlaciers B.APredictionoftheFutureofGlaciersC.ABigDiscoveryAboutUnder-glacierFlow D.ANewModelInventedtoMonitorGlaciers【答案】28.D29.D30.B31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology的两位研究人员开发了一种新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流，并发现冰川下的水流可能比原先预测的要大得多，这可能对冰川融化和海平面上升等产生影响。【28题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“TworesearchersfromtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,AlexRobelandShiJoyceSim,haveworkedonanewmodelforhowwatermovesunderglaciers(冰川).(来自乔治亚理工学院的两位研究人员AlexRobel和ShiJoyceSim开发了一种新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流如何移动。)”可知，该模型用于研究冰川下的水流。故选D。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段“Robelexplains,“Previously,peoplewouldrunamodel,whichwouldhavetobeappliedateverypointunderAntarctica,andthenrunforwardoveralongtimeperiod.Nowtheentiretyofourpredictioncanbedoneinasecondonacomputer.”(罗伯尔解释说：“以前，人们会运行一个模型，这个模型必须应用于南极洲下的每一个点，然后才能向前运行很长一段时间。现在，我们的整个预测可以在计算机上一秒钟内完成。”)”可知，作者通过比较之前的方法和新的模型来展示新模型的优点。故选D。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Beyondsealevelrise,thisadditionalexfiltrationandmeltinghasotherpossiblefutureeffects.SomeoftheplacesofrichestoceanproductivityintheworldoccuroffthecoastofAntarctica,andbeingabletobetterpredictexfiltrationandmeltingcouldhelpoceanbiologistsbetterunderstandwhereoceanproductivityisoccurring,andhowitmightchangeinthefuture.(除了海平面上升之外，这种额外的渗漏和融化还可能对未来产生其他影响。世界上一些海洋生产力最丰富的地区位于南极洲沿岸，如果能够更好地预测渗漏和融化，将有助于海洋生物学家更好地了解海洋生产力的发生地，以及它未来可能如何变化。)”可知，在文章第四段中提到，除了海平面上升之外，这种额外的渗漏和融化还可能对未来产生其他影响。这表明额外的渗漏和融化可能会影响多个领域，因此作者强调了这一点。故选B。【31题详解】主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology的两位研究人员开发了一种新的模型，用于研究冰川下的水流，并发现冰川下的水流可能比原先预测的要大得多，这可能对冰川融化和海平面上升等产生影响。因此，文章主要讲述的是关于冰川下水流的一个重大发现，所以C选项“ABigDiscoveryAboutUnder-glacierFlow”最适合作为文章的标题。故选C。DWhat’stheoldestmealyou’veeaten?Maybeyou’vehadleftoversfromafewdaysago.Theyprobablystilltastedgood.Butwhatifitwasn’tafewdaysago,whatifyouatea60-dayoldstew(炖菜)?Ora49-year-oldbeefnoodlesoup?Perpetualstewisadishthatisnevertakenofftheheat;it’sneverfinished.Asportionsareserved,newingredientsareputinthepottoreplacethem.Oneday’sstewbecomesthebasisofthefollowingdays’meals.Thisyear,AnnieRauwerda’s60-daystewbecameasocialmediahit.OneBangkokrestaurantclaimstohavebeencookingitsbeefnoodlesoupsincethe1970s.IthasbeensuggestedthatperpetualstewwasatraditioninMedievalEuropewhentheeffortrequiredtostartafiremeantthattheywerelefttoburnallday,andapotofstewwasalwayssimmering(煨)awayontopofit.OneNewYorkTimesarticletellsusaboutastewinNormandythatwaskeptcookingfor300years.ThistraditionmaydatebacktotheMiddleAges,butthankfully,ourunderstandingoffoodhygiene(卫生)hasdevelopedsincethen.Inaworldwherefoodisoftenthrownawayonceitreachesitsuse-bydate,manypeoplehaveaskedhowsafeperpetualstewcanactuallybe.Expertsaredivided,somemaintainthataslongasthestewiskeptbubblingawayatatemperaturetoohighforbacteriatosurvive,itshouldbesafe.Otherssuggestthatmeatcanbecomedangerousifit’sleftinthestewfortoolong.Concernshavealsobeenraisedthatsomevegetables,suchaspotatoes,orthosecontainingnitrates(硝酸盐),couldbecomemoreharmfulthemoretheyarereheated.Advocatesofslowcookingbelievethatthebestfoodtakestime,buteventheymaybesurprisedbyamonthsoryears-oldperpetualstew.32.Whatisthekeyfeatureofperpetualstew?A.Ingredient. B.Taste. C.Time. D.Safety.33.Howisparagraph2developed?A.Bydescribingprocess. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Byfollowingtimeorder. D.Byofferingsomeexamples.34.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsperpetualstew?A.Indifferent. B.Neutral. C.Negative. D.Favorable.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.TheRiseofPerpetualStew. B.TheHistoryofPerpetualStew.C.PerpetualStew:NeverCatchingon. D.PerpetualStew:DecadesintheMaking.【答案】32.C33.D34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了永久炖菜的内容、历史、专家的不同观点。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Perpetualstewisadishthatisnevertakenofftheheat;it’sneverfinished.(永久炖菜是一道菜从来没有离开过火；它永远不会结束。)”可知，永久炖菜是不停火的烹饪方式，时间长是它的特色，故选C。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Perpetualstewisadishthatisnevertakenofftheheat;it’sneverfinished.Asportionsareserved,newingredientsareputinthepottoreplacethem.Oneday’sstewbecomesthebasisofthefollowingdays’meals.Thisyear,AnnieRauwerda’s60-daystewbecameasocialmediahit.OneBangkokrestaurantclaimstohavebeencookingitsbeefnoodlesoupsincethe1970s.IthasbeensuggestedthatperpetualstewwasatraditioninMedievalEuropewhentheeffortrequiredtostartafiremeantthattheywerelefttoburnallday,andapotofstewwasalwayssimmering(煨)awayontopofit.OneNewYorkTimesarticletellsusaboutastewinNormandythatwaskeptcookingfor300years.(永久炖菜是一道菜从来没有离开过火；它永远不会结束。当一份一份上桌时，新的食材会被放入锅中代替它们。一天的炖菜成为接下来几天三餐的基础。今年，安妮·劳维尔达的60天炖菜成为社交媒体上的热门话题。曼谷一家餐馆声称从上世纪70年代就开始做牛肉面了。有人认为，永恒的炖菜是中世纪欧洲的一种传统，当时需要生火的努力意味着他们要整天燃烧，而一锅炖菜总是在上面煨着。《纽约时报》的一篇文章告诉我们，诺曼底的一种炖菜已经煮了300年。)”可知，第二段通过各种例子来描述永久炖菜。故选D。【34题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“Expertsaredivided,somemaintainthataslongasthestewiskeptbubblingawayatatemperaturetoohighforbacteriatosurvive,itshouldbesafe.Otherssuggestthatmeatcanbecomedangerousifit’sleftinthestewfortoolong.Concernshavealsobeenraisedthatsomevegetables,suchaspotatoes,orthosecontainingnitrates(硝酸盐),couldbecomemoreharmfulthemoretheyarereheated.(专家们对此意见不一，一些人坚持认为，只要炖菜在细菌无法生存的高温下不断冒泡，它就应该是安全的。另一些人则认为，如果肉在炖菜中放置太久，会变得危险。人们还担心，一些蔬菜，如土豆或含有硝酸盐的蔬菜，加热得越久，危害就越大。)”列出了专家的看法，没有表达作者的个人观点，写这篇文章，说明作者是中立的，故选B。35题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“What’stheoldestmealyou’veeaten?Maybeyou’vehadleftoversfromafewdaysago.Theyprobablystilltastedgood.Butwhatifitwasn’tafewdaysago,whatifyouatea60-dayoldstew(炖菜)?Ora49-year-oldbeefnoodlesoup?(你吃过最早的一餐是什么时候?也许你吃了几天前的剩菜。它们可能仍然很好吃。但如果不是几天前，如果你吃了60天的炖菜呢？还是49年前的牛肉面汤？)”结合文章介绍了永久炖菜的内容、历史、专家的不同观点，可得知D选项“永久炖菜：几十年的制作”最符合文章标题。故选D。第二节(共5小题:每小题2.5分,满分12.5分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步机)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.____36____?Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.●Energy-efficientequipmentAsustainablegymstartswiththetoolsthatpushyourworkout.Modernfitnessequipmentisevolvingbeyondthepursuitofpersonalrecords.____37____.Energy-efficientmachines,equippedwithregenerativebrakingsystemsandsmarttechnology,employthepowergeneratedduringworkoutstobalanceelectricityconsumption.Lookattheverytoolsthatpoweryourworkout.Arethemachinesequippedwithenergy-efficientfeatures?Dotheyemploytheenergygeneratedduringworkoutstocontributebacktothegym’spowerneeds?●____38____Theinfrastructure(基础设施)ofagymplaysacrucialroleinitssustainabilityjourney.Theuseofeco-friendlymaterials,energy-efficientlightingandstrategicdesignfornaturalaircirculationarekeyelementsofagreenfitnessspace.Exploretheinfrastructureofyourgym.Doestheoveralldesignfacilitatenaturalaircirculationandusesustainableconstructionpractices?●WastemanagementAsyouaresweatingitoutatthegym,whathappenstothewastegenerated?Sustainablefitnessspacesprioritisecomprehensivewastemanagementsystems.____39____.Directyourattentiontohowyourgymmanageswaste.Aretherevisiblerecyclingprogramsforplastics,paperandothercommongymmaterials?Doesthegymuseeco-friendlycleaningproducts,demonstratingacommitmenttominimisingitsenvironmentalimpact?●Renewableenergyintegration____40____,butsustainablefitnessfacilitiesfindinnovativewaystoemployrenewableenergy.Solarpanelsandotherrenewableenergysourcesareintegratedintothegym’sinfrastructuretooffsetpowerconsumption,reducingthefacility’scarbonfootprintandcontributingtoagreenerenergylandscape.Investigatewhetheryourgymistappingintorenewableenergysources.Aretheresolarpanelsorwindturbinesintegratedintotheinfrastructure?A.ThisinvolvesrecyclingprogramsforcommongymmaterialsB.GreenbuildingpracticesC.AdaptablefitnessfacilitiesD.ButhowdoyouknowifyourgymistrulysustainableE.TheenergydemandsofabusygymcanbeconsiderableF.It’snowcontributingtothejointeffortsforagreenerplanetG.Aretheresignsthatyourworkoutincreasescarbonfootprint【答案】36.D37.F38.B39.A40.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了辨别一个健身房是否环保、可持续发展的方法。【36题详解】上文“Inthedynamicworldoffitness,wheretreadmills(跑步机)humandweightsclink,anemergingconcernforsustainabilityisreshapingthegymexperience.(在充满活力的健身世界里，跑步机嗡嗡作响，重物叮当作响，对可持续性的新关注正在重塑健身房体验)”说明人们在关注健身房是否是可持续发展的，以及下文“Inthisguide,we’llnavigatethroughkeyaspectsofeco-consciousfitnesstohelpyoufigureoutifyourgymisonthesustainabletrack.(在这则指南中，我们将浏览生态意识健身的关键方面，以帮助你了解你的健身房是否在可持续发展的轨道上)”说明这则指南将帮助你了解你的健身房是否是可持续发展的，D项“但你怎么知道你的健身房是否真正可持续”提出问题，承接上文，并引出下文的回答，符合