高考总复习英语（北师大版）习题Unit5　Rhythm（必修二）课时作业

课时作业(五)A卷·基础强化练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Whensomeonehasdeeplyhurtyou，itcanbeextremely(extreme)difficulttoletgoofyourhate.2．Itwasthepresident’ssecondappearance(appear)inpublic.3．Mobilephoneconversationsarenotpermitted(permission)anywhereinthelibrary.4．Thefamily’sreaction(react)wasalwaysabinationofshockandjoy.5．Thewinewasexcellent，butthefoodwasdisappointing(disappoint)．6．Aswomenwegenerally(general)sayandfeeltoomuchaboutthesethings.7．Thesenseofresponsibility(responsible)forourcountrymadethemcontributethemselvesgreatly.8．Thisaccidenthadagreateffect(effective)uponthefutureofbothmotherandson.9．Asweallknow，apersonwhocancreatemanynewinventionsisalwaysconsideredtobecreative.(creative)10．PeoplepresentattheconcertsinghighpraiseforSongZuying’sperformance；inotherwords，sheisagoodperformer.(perform)11．Ourteacherusedto_bring(bring)ustoattendasciencelectureinthehalltwiceaterm.12．(2017·浙江卷)Williamswas_impressed(impress)withBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.13．I’llspeakslowlysothatyoucanunderstandme.14．Childas/thoughheis，heknowsalot.Ⅱ.单句改错1．Asthewhiskytooktheeffect，hegraduallyfellintoadrunksleep.去掉第二个the2．Thistableistooclosetothedoor；itgetsontheway.on→in3．Severalnewbookswillhavebeeneoutbytheendofnextmonth.去掉been4．Hehasgotusedtoliveinthebigcitynow.live→living5．Thewinewasgood，butthefoodtherewasdisappointed.disappointed→disappointing6．Itishightimethatwegetdowntodoingourhomework.get→got或get前加should7．Ifyouwanttodoso，youmustaskpermissionfirst.ask后加for8．Basingonmyownview，thisideaisacceptable.Basing→Based9．Intheeyesofme，theseworksofartareextremespecial.extreme→extremely10．I’mfullyresponsibilityforyourone－daytourtoourschoolandourcity.responsibility→responsible11．Iamdeeplyimpressbythegreatchangesthathavetakenplaceintheschooloverthepastthreeyears.impress→impressed12．Aftertheperform，I’meagertoshowyouaroundsomeplacesofinterest.perform→performanceⅢ.完成句子1．上次我见到他时他什么也没有告诉我。Hedidn’ttellmeanythingthe_last_time_I_saw_him.2．我琢磨不透为什么他放弃了出国。Ican’tfigureoutwhyhequit_going_abroad.3．李明不能去参加会议，所以我代表他去了。LiMingcouldn’tgotothemeeting，soIrepresented_him.4．他否认他对那次事故负责。Hedeniedthathewas_responsible_for_the_accident.5．每当我看《中国新歌声》时，我感到非常激动。Every_time_I_watchtheprogrammeSing！China，Ifeelveryexcited.6．自从我到北京找工作将近两年了。It_is_nearly_two_yearssinceIcametoBeijingtolookforajob.7．直到他走到她的道上，她才注意到他。She_did_not_notice_the_manuntilhemovedintoherpath.8．那就是为什么我总是在其他人成功的地方失败。That_is_whyIhavealwaysfailedwhereothershavesucceeded.Ⅳ.阅读理解A话题难度系数词数建议用时动物☆☆3207′(2018·河南偃师一高模拟)DOGSDRIVECARAuckland，NewZealandAftertwomonthsoflearning，MontyandPorterwereabletodriveanautomobilearoundaracetrack.“Wewantedtoprovehowsmartrescuedogsare，”animalbehavioristMarkVettesays.Vettefirstusedvoicemandsandtreatstoteachthedogshowtoturnasteeringwheelandhowtochangegear(换挡)．Thedogs’rideonlyacceleratedupto7.5milesanhour，andtrainerscouldstoptheautousingaremotecontrol.GOLDENZEBRAKailua－Kona，HawaiiZoethezebra’smarkingsarespecial.Theanimalhaswhiteandgoldenstripes.Zoe’sappearanceresultedfromarareconditioncalledamelanosis(黑素缺失症)．Herbodydoesn’tmakeenoughmelanin，thesubstanceinananimal’sskinandhaircellsthatproducescolor.“Only25othergoldenzebrasareknowntoexistintheworld，”saysAnnGoody，whorunsthewildliferefugewhereZoelives.Inthewild，lifemaybedifficultforanimalswithamelanosisbecausepredators(捕猎者)caneasilyspotthem.ButZoeisprotectedatherrefuge.COCKATOOMAKESTOOLSVienna，AustriaWhenFigarothecockatoospotsfoodlyingjustoutofreachfromhiscage，hebuildsatinywoodentooltosweepthetastyprizeinhisway.Thebirdfirstrevealedhistalentwhenastonehewasplayingwithrolledoutofhiscage.Thecockatoocouldn’treachthestone.Soheflewawayandreturnedwithasmallbranch，slippingitthroughthefencetoslidethestonetowardhim.Wonderingifhewoulddoitagain，scientistsplacedanutexactlywherethestonehadbeen.Thistime，Figaropulledoutasmallpieceofwoodinhiscageanddraggedthenuttowardhim.[语篇解读]本文介绍了三种令人惊讶的动物。1．IfZoethezebraissetfreeinthewild，shewill______.A．meetnonaturalpredatorsB．notgetalongwithotherzebrasC．managetomakeenoughmelaninD．beeasilyfoundforherappearance解析：选D细节理解题。根据GOLDENZEBRA中Zoe’sappearanceresultedfromarareconditioncalledamelanosis(黑素缺失症)．Inthewild，lifemaybedifficultforanimalswithamelanosisbecausepredators(捕猎者)caneasilyspotthem.可知Zoethezebra被放在野外捕猎者很容易根据他们的外表发现他们。关键词easilyspot和easilyfound.2．What’sspecialaboutFigarothecockatoo?A．He’sparticularabouthisfood.B．He’sextremelyfondofstones.C．He’sgoodatdrawingsupportfromoutsideforces.D．Hecantellthedifferencebetweenstonesandnuts.解析：选C推理判断题。根据COCKATOOMAKESTOOLS中hebuildsatinywoodentooltosweepthetastyprizeinhisway.他建立了一个微小的木制工具来扫他在路上的美味奖。heflewawayandreturnedwithasmallbranch，slippingitthroughthefencetoslidethestonetowardhim.他飞走了，带着一个小树枝回来，把树枝穿过篱笆向他滑动石头。Thistime，Figaropulledoutasmallpieceofwoodinhiscageanddraggedthenuttowardhim.这次，Figaro拉出他笼子里的一块木头，把坚果拖向他。从这里可以看出：他擅长于外部力量的支持。故选C。3．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Amazinganimals.B．Waystohelpanimals.C．Animals’uniquetalents.D．Tipsontraininganimals.解析：选A主旨大意题。根据DOGSDRIVECAR/GOLDENZEBRA/COCKATOOMAKESTOOLS中介绍的三种动物的奇特技能，可知它们都是令人惊讶的动物，故选A。B话题难度系数词数建议用时科学技术☆☆☆☆42010′(2017·北京卷)Hollywood’stheorythatmachineswithevil(邪恶的)mindswilldrivearmiesofkillerrobotsisjustsilly.Therealproblemrelatestothepossibilitythatartificialintelligence(AI)maybeeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant.In1960awell－knownmathematicianNorbertWiener，whofoundedthefieldofcybernetics(控制论)，putitthisway：“Ifweuse，toachieveourpurposes，amechanicalagencywithwhoseoperationwecannoteffectivelyinterfere(干预)，wehadbetterbequitesurethatthepurposeputintothemachineisthepurposewhichwereallyAmachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality，onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings：awishtopreserveitsownexistence.Forthemachine，thisqualityisnotinborn，norisitsomethingintroducedbyhumans；itisalogicalconsequenceofthesimplefactthatthemachinecannotachieveitsoriginalpurposeifitisdead.Soifwesendoutarobotwiththesingleinstructionoffetchingcoffee，itwillhaveastrongdesiretosecuresuccessbydisablingitsownoffswitchorevenkillinganyonewhomightinterferewithitstask.Ifwearenotcareful，then，wecouldfaceakindofglobalchessmatchagainstverydetermined，superintelligentmachineswhoseobjectivesconflictwithourown，withtherealworldasthechessboard.Thepossibilityofenteringintoandlosingsuchamatchshouldconcentratethemindsofputerscientists.Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall，usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.Unfortunately，thatplanseemsunlikelytowork：wehaveyettoinventafirewallthatissecureagainstordinaryhumans，letalonesuperintelligentmachines.SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.Thereareprobablydecadesinwhichtoplanforthearrivalofsuperintelligentmachines.Buttheproblemshouldnotbedismissedoutofhand，asithasbeenbysomeAIresearchers.Somearguethathumansandmachinescancoexistaslongastheyworkinteams—yetthatisnotpossibleunlessmachinessharethegoalsofhumans.Otherssaywecanjust“switchthemoff”asifsuperintelligentmachinesaretoostupidtothinkofthatpossibility.StillothersthinkthatsuperintelligentAIwillneverhappen.OnSeptember11,1933，famousphysicistErnestRutherfordstated，withconfidence，“Anyonewhoexpectsasourceofpowerinthetransformationoftheseatomsistalkingmoonshine.”However，onSeptember12,1933，physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron－induced(中子诱导)nuclearchainreaction.[语篇解读]本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了人工智能随着科技的发展可能超出人类的控制以及人类应如何应对此类安全问题。4．Paragraph1mainlytellsusthatartificialintelligencemay________.A．runoutofhumancontrolB．satisfyhuman’srealdesiresC．mandarmiesofkillerrobotsD．workfasterthanamathematician解析：选A细节理解题。由第一段中的artificialintelligence(AI)maybeeextremelygoodatachievingsomethingotherthanwhatwereallywant“人工智能可能会变得极度善于达成某事而不是我们真正想要的那样”可知，人工智能可能会超出人类控制，故选A项。5．Machineswithspecificpurposesareassociatedwithlivingthingspartlybecausetheymightbeableto________.A．preventthemselvesfrombeingdestroyedB．achievetheiroriginalgoalsindependentlyC．doanythingsuccessfullywithgivenordersD．beathumansininternationalchessmatches解析：选A细节理解题。由题干中的machineswithspecificpurposes可定位到第二段第一句“Amachinewithaspecificpurposehasanotherquality，onethatweusuallyassociatewithlivingthings：awishtopreserveitsownexistence.”，由此可知，机器人要保证自己的存在，即A项“避免它们自己被消灭掉”。6．Accordingtosomeresearchers，wecanusefirewallsto________.A．helpsuperintelligentmachinesworkbetterB．besecureagainstevilhumanbeingsC．keepmachinesfrombeingharmedD．avoidrobots’affectingtheworld解析：选D细节理解题。由第三段中的“Someresearchersarguethatwecansealthemachinesinsideakindoffirewall，usingthemtoanswerdifficultquestionsbutneverallowingthemtoaffecttherealworld.”可知，一些研究者认为，我们可以用防火墙让机器人回答难题，但从不允许它们影响真实世界，故选D项“避免机器人影响世界”。7．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthesafetyproblemofsuperintelligentmachines?A．ItwilldisappearwiththedevelopmentofAI.B．Itwillgetworsewithhumaninterference.C．Itwillbesolvedbutwithdifficulty.D．Itwillstayforadecade.解析：选C作者观点题。由最后一段首句“SolvingthesafetyproblemwellenoughtomoveforwardinAIseemstobepossiblebutnoteasy.”可知，作者认为，解决超级智能机器的安全问题是可能的，但并非易事，故选C项。B卷·能力提升练Ⅰ.阅读填句话题难度系数词数建议用时建议☆☆2007′Ifyouareoneofthefortunatecollegegradswhohaslandedajob，yourattentionwillsoonturntolaunchingyourcareerinasuccessfulwaybyexcellinginyourfirstjob.__1__☆Sendemailsearlyand/orlateinthedaytoshowthatyouarenotonlypresentbutproductive.☆Plantoarriveearlierand/orstaylaterthanyoursupervisortoproveyouarereadytoworkhard.☆__2__Andthenworkfromhomeifpossibleorputinextrahourstocatchupwhenyoureturn.☆Introduceyourselftoasmanyco－workersaspossibleandlearnabouttheroletheyplayandtheworkdonebytheirdepartment.☆__3__Ifyouhavethetimeorintention，duringtheircrunchtimewithprojectsbutonlyafterconsultingwithyoursupervisorandmakingsurethereisn’tanythingelseshewouldpreferthatyouweredoing.☆__4__Theyhavehelpedpaveyourwaytothisfirstjob.Thesepeoplewillfeelmoreinvestedinyouiftheycanfollowalongasyourcareerdevelops.☆__5__youwillsetthestageforanexcitingandsuccessfullong－termcareer.A．Donotmissworktime.B．Offertohelpothersout.C．Keepinwelltouchwithyourboss.D．Youhadbetternothaveadayoffatallthetime.E．You’llonlyhaveonefirstjob，somakethemostofit.F．Keepintouchwithallthosepeople，likeyourremenders.G．Thereforeyoushouldpreparepracticalstrategiesforsuccessinyourfirstjob.[语篇解读]本文作者介绍了一些使大学生在第一次工作中占得先机的方法。1．解析：选G从下文介绍“工作中要做到……事情就可以在首次工作中超越他人”的内容可知，此处为引出下文内容的句子，选项中关键信息practicalstrategies，firstjob提示答案。2．解析：选A由本句关键信息workfromhomeifpossible...extrahours可知，此处与工作时间有关，要多做额外工作，不能错过工作时间。3．解析：选B根据此处关键信息theircrunchtime“处在危急时刻”，结合本段提到的帮助的几个条件，可知选项中help...out...“帮助……摆脱……”合适。4．解析：选F根据本段提到的Thesepeoplewillfeelmoreinvestedinyou以及上句“为你铺平道路”，并结合选项中的关键词remender“推荐人”可知要与这些人保持联系。5．解析：选E从最后的句子“确定舞台”可知要好好把握工作机会，结合选项中makethemostof“充分利用”可知答案。Ⅱ.完形填空话题难度系数词数建议用时帮助他人☆☆☆21015′(2018·开封一高阶段性测试)Itwas11：30intheevening.A__1__AmericanladyofaboutseventywasstandingonthesideofanAlabama__2__tryingtobearapouringrainstorm.Hercarhad__3__andatthemomentshe__4__neededaride.Wettotheskin，shedecidedtoflagdownthenext__5__.Ayoungwhitemanstoppedtohelpher—generallyunheard__6__inthoseconflict－filled(矛盾冲突)1960s.Theman__7__hertosafetyinhiscar，and__8__taxicab(akindofcar)forher.Sheseemedtobeinagreat__9__.Shewrotedownhis__10__，thankedhimanddroveaway.Severaldayswentbyanda__11__cameontheman’sdoor.Tohis__12__，averybigcolorTVwasdeliveredtohishome.Aspecialnotewas__13__toit.Itread，“Dearsir，thankyousomuchforassistinga(n)__14__coloredwomanonthefreeway__15__night.Therain__16__wetallovernotonlymyclothes__17__myspirits.Thenyou__18__along.Becauseofyou，Iwas__19__tomakeittomydyinghusband’sbedsidejust__20__hepassedaway.Godblessyouforhelpingmeandkindlyservingothers.Sincerely，MrsNatKing[语篇解读]主要叙述美国的一个白人青年帮助一个黑人老太太的故事。1．A.black B．whiteC．poor D．sick解析：选A60年代矛盾冲突(指白人对黑人的种族歧视)，下文提到了一个白人青年帮她，因此可判断老太太是“黑人”。2．A.railway B．freewayC．street D．avenue解析：选B从第15空前的freeway一词可知答案为B。3．A.brokenup B．speededupC．brokendown D．sloweddown解析：选C从下文shedecidedtoflagdownthenextcar可知，她的车“抛锚”了。4．A.seriously B．badlyC．fairly D．probably解析：选B因为车抛锚了，而她还要赶到病危的丈夫那里去，所以她“非常”需要搭车，只有badly符合此意。5．A.bus B．truckC．taxi D．car解析：选Dflagdown“挥手示意停车”，而且又在高速路上，所以只能是car。6．A.from B．byC．before D．of解析：选D一个白人青年停下来帮助她——这在60年代种族矛盾激烈的美国从未听说过。hearof是“听说”的意思。7．A.put B．ledC．fetched D．took解析：选D“takesbto＋地点”意为“把某人带到某地”是固定短语。8．A.hired B．tookC．sent D．asked解析：选A因为是出租车，所以要“租赁”。9．A.need B．helpC．hurry D．trouble解析：选C从下文看，她是去看她快要死了的丈夫，所以很“匆忙”。10．A.address B．numberC．name D．words解析：选A从下文可知，老太太为了感谢那位白人青年，买了一台电视机给他送去，所以记下的是“地址”，而不是号码。11．A.lady B．salesmanC．letter D．knock解析：选D由下文的ontheman’sdoor可判断出是knock。aknockonthedoor“敲门声”。12．A.surprise B．delightC．joy D．satisfaction解析：选A因为他没有买电视机，看到一个售货员送来一台电视机，所以感到“惊奇”。13．A.offered B．givenC．stuck D．written解析：选C因为是纸条，所以判断是“贴”在电视机上。14．A.aged B．darkC．lucky D．unhappy解析：选A根据第一空已经知道是一位黑人妇女，且由下文可知，她70岁了。该句中已出现color一词，则另一修饰该妇女的词只能是aged。15．A.another B．theotherC．other D．any解析：选B从上下文的时间判断，是“几天前的一个夜晚”。16．A.let B．madeC．had D．turned解析：选B后面是形容词wet，表示大雨使浑身都湿了用动词make。17．A.and B．butC．or D．otherwise解析：选Bnotonly...but(also)是固定搭配，意为“不但……而且……”。18．A.got B．wentC．ran D．came解析：选D从上文可知，老太太的车子抛锚时，那个白人青年及时地出现在她跟前，并给予了帮助。19．A.able B．readyC．likely D．willing解析：选A从下文可知，此处表示“能”使她及时赶到她快要死了的丈夫跟前。beabletodosth.表示通过努力才能实现的事，其余选项不符合句意。20．A.after B．beforeC．until D．since解析：选B因为老太太得到了青年的帮助，才使她在她丈夫死之前赶到。Ⅲ.语法填空In1.________(I)opinion，languagescannotbetaught，theycanonlybelearned.Havingsomeoneorsomethingtoaidwiththeprocessis2.________greatbenefit.Findaguide，notaninstructor.EnglishwasalreadyaworldlanguagebythetimeIturned10in1991.Ithoughtitwas3.________(difficulty)formetostudyEnglishwell.I4.________(struggle)atfirst.Ididn’tliketheteacher.Grammarexplanationsconfusedme，andthematerialwas5.________(real)dull.IthoughtI’dneverlearnit.ThenmyparentsdecidedtohireaprivateEnglishtutor6.________waswonderfulandthoughtful.Shedidn’tsimplyinstructmeinthelanguage，buthelpedme7.________(discovery)it.Shesetmeontherightpathtolearning，andmostimportantly，learningtolovelanguage.Istartedreadingmany8.________(book)inEnglish.MyauntboughtmeTheHardyBoysformybirthdayandafterthattherewasnolookingback.Thebinationofreadingbooks,9.________(watch)movieseverydayandtalkingtomytutoronceaweekfortwoyearsworkedwonders.Bytheageof15IwasfluentinEnglish10.________inpossessionofathickAmerican[语篇解读]本文主要讲述了作者对学习英语的感受。1．解析：my考查代词。句意为：我认为语言不能是用来教的，它们只能是用来学的。inone’sopinion意为“某人认为”。根据上下文语境可知应填my。2．解析：of考查介词。ofgreatbenefit相当于verybeneficial，在此做表语，故填of。3．解析：difficult考查形容词。Itis/wasdifficultforsb.todosth.意为“对某人来说做某事是困难的”，故填difficult。4．解析：struggled考查动词。句意为：最初我努力(学习)。根据atfirst可知应用过去时，故填struggled。5．解析：really考查副词。修饰形容词应用副词，故填really。6．解析：who/that考查定语从句。定语从句的先行词是tutor，故填that/who。7．解析：(to)discover考查非谓语动词。help后常常接动词不定式或动词原形做宾语补足语，故填(to)discover。8．books解析：考查名词。many用来修饰名词的复数形式，故填books。9．解析：watching考查非谓语动词。根据and前后两部分应该保持一致，故watch的形式应与talking保持一致，故填watching。10．解析：and考查连词。空格前后两部分之间是并列关系，故填and。Ⅳ.短文改错文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。I’velearntfromthenoticethatyou’relookingforanEnglisheditorforusschoolpaper.I’mwrittenthislettertoapplyfortheposition.I’mLiHua，SeniorThreestudentinourschool.Inmyview，Imetyourrequirements：foronething，I’mwillingtodevotesomeofmysparetimetoserveothers；for