云南省昭通市第一中学教研联盟2023-2024学年高一上学期期末质量检测英语A卷

昭通一中教研联盟2023～2024学年上学期高一年级期末质量检测英语（A卷）注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必用黑色碳素笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号、座位号在答题卡上填写清楚。2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。在试题卷上作答无效。3.考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。满分150分，考试用时120分钟。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.WhereisprobablyJuno?A.Attheschool.B.Atamuseum.C.Athome.2.WhoinvitedMasontothefarm?A.Hisdentist.B.Hisdeskmate.C.Hisgrandpa.3.WhatdidthemandolastSaturday?A.Hetookatraintrip.B.Hevisitedhisfriends.C.Hewentwindowshopping.4.Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?A.Familymembers.B.Mother’sDay.C.Housework.5.Howdoesthegirlfeel?A.Curious.B.Relaxed.C.Scared.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。5.Whatmakesthewomanhesitatetotakethejob?A.Thepay.B.Thelocation.C.Theboss.7.What’stheman’ssuggestion?A.Thinkingtwice.B.Takingtheoffer.C.Givingupthejob.听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.8:30p.m.B.9:00p.m.C.9:30p.m.9.Whichpicturebookdidthemanreadtwodaysago?A.WolfintheSnow.B.WillytheChamp.C.WillytheDreamer.听下面一段对话，回答第10至第13四个小题。10.Whowillhostthebabyshower?A.SharonSmith.B.NaneyAnderson.C.Jeff.11.Whatisthedatefortheinvitation?A.August4th.B.September1st.C.October31st.12.Whatgiftwillthewomanprepare?A.Sometoys.B.Somebabyfood.C.Somebabyclothes.13.Whatisthemanmainlydoing?A.Sharinganinvitation.B.Explainingacustom.C.Introducingafriend.听下面一段对话，回答第14至第17四个小题。14.Whatkindofplacedoesthemanliveinnow?A.Abighouse.B.Acottage.C.Anapartment.15.Howmanyroomsarethereattheman’splace?A.Five.B.Seven.C.Eight.16.Whatdidtheman’ssondoyesterday?A.Hesweptthefloor.B.Hedidsomegardening.C.Hearrangedthefurniture.17.WhatwillthewomandonextMonday?A.Havedinnerwiththeman.B.Holdaparty.C.Movehouse.听下面一段独白，回答第18至第20三个小题。18.Wheredoesthespeakerlive?A.InSeattle.B.InRome.C.InTaa.19.WhathappenedtoMr.Calliopetwoweeksago?A.Hehad50dollarsstolen.B.Hewascheatedbyataxidriver.C.Hewascaughtinatrafficaccident.20.Whatisthepurposeofthisletter?A.Toaskforadvice.B.Tomakeplaints.C.Toexpressthanks.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AHotelsWhereWildAnimalsWanderFreeCheckintooneofthesehotelswherewildanimalswanderfree,andyoucouldbesharingyourbreakfasttablewithgiraffes,relaxingpoolsidewithelephants,orviewingoutfromyourhotelroomwindowpenguins.MakanyaneSafariLodgeMadikweGameReserve,SouthAfricaLocatedwithintheMadikweGameReserve,theMakanyaneSafariLodgeoffersguestsupcloseviewsofthesurroundingbushandthewildlifethatresideswithinit.Thesuiteshavefloortoceilingglasswindowsperfectforwatchingpassingelephants,andthemainlodgeisconvenientlylocatednexttoawaterholevisitedbyavarietyofwildlife.Disney’sAnimalKingdomLodgeResortOrlando,FloridaAstayatDisney’sAnimalKingdomLodgeResortinOrlandowillfeelmorelikeavisittoAfricathanFlorida.Takeawalkaroundthegrounds,andyou’relikelytospotmorethan30speciesofAfricanwildlife.Thelodgeishometo200residentanimalsandbirds,includinggazelles,flamingos,zebras,andgiraffes.GiraffeManorNairobi,KenyaThishoteloutsideofNairobiletsyougetupcloseandpersonalwithRothschildgiraffes.Theoriginalplacewasbuiltin1932andhasservedasagiraffesheltersincethe1970s.Today,GiraffeManorhassixbedroomsandoffersgueststhechancetosharetheirbreakfasttablewiththeeightresidentgiraffes.Allofthehotel’sprofitsgotosupporttheAfricanFundforEndangeredWildlife.SeaLionLodgeSeaLionIsland,FalklandIslandsDespitethename,itisn’tsealionsyoushouldlookoutforhere:AgroupofGentoopenguinshasbeenknowntosetupcampnexttoSeaLionLodge,afortable3starhotelintheFalklandIslands.Asidefrompenguinspotting,thelodgeoffersexpansiveviewsoftheSouthAtlanticOceanwherenothingbutwaterseparatesyoufromAntarctica.1.Inwhichhotelcanyouviewelephantsthroughthewindows?A.MakanyaneSafariLodge. B.Disney’sAnimalKingdomLodgeResort.C.GiraffeManor. D.SeaLionLodge.2.WhatisspecialaboutGiraffeManor?A.Itoffersguestsfreebreakfasts. B.Itishometovarietiesofwildlife.C.Ithasbeendoingcharityforwildlife. D.ItprovidesastaylikeavisittoAfrica.3.WhatcanpeopleseeinSeaLionLodge?A.Giraffes. B.Penguins. C.Sealions. D.Elephants.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了几家可以看到野生动物自由漫步的酒店。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Thesuiteshavefloortoceilingglasswindowsperfectforwatchingpassingelephants,andthemainlodgeisconvenientlylocatednexttoawaterholevisitedbyavarietyofwildlife.(套房有从地板到天花板的玻璃窗，非常适合观看经过的大象，主小屋位于一个水坑旁边，方便各种野生动物参观。)”可知，在MakanyaneSafariLodge可以透过窗户看到大象。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句“Allofthehotel’sprofitsgotosupporttheAfricanFundforEndangeredWildlife.(酒店的所有利润都将用于支持非洲濒危野生动物基金会。)”可知，长颈鹿庄园的特别之处是它一直为野生动物做慈善。故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句“Asidefrompenguinspotting,thelodgeoffersexpansiveviewsoftheSouthAtlanticOceanwherenothingbutwaterseparatesyoufromAntarctica.(除了看到企鹅，小屋还提供广阔的南大西洋景色，在那里，只有水将你与南极洲分开。)”可知，人们在海狮旅馆可以看到企鹅。故选B。BJonFossehaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinliterature,“forhisinnovativeplaysandprosewhichgivevoicetotheunsayable”.The64yearoldplaywrightisnotwellknownoutsidehishomecountryofNorway.Buttheauthorisinternationallycelebratedinliterarycirclesandhasbeencalled“themostproducedlivingplaywright”.FossegrewuponaruralfarmnearStrandebarm,Norway,wherehisgrandparentslivedinonehousewhilehe,hisparents,andtwosisterslivedinanother.HisfatherworkedasamanagerofStrandebarmCooperative,alocalgrocerystore,andhismotherwasacaregiver.Fossestartedwritingatage12or13,firstposingsonglyricsandlatertryingpoems.In1979FossegraduatedfromhighschoolandmovedtoBergen,wherehebeganworkingforthenewspaperGulaTidend.Thatsameyearhebecameafather,andthefollowingyearhemarriedthemotherofhischild.Inthenextdecadeshemarriedtwicemoreandhadfiveadditionalchildren.Meanwhile,throughoutthe1980shestudiedattheUniversityofBergen,receivingaMasterofArtinparativeliteraturein1987.Alsoduringthe1980s,Fossepublishedhisfirstnovels,namelyRed,Black,whosetopicissuicide,andStringedGuitar,aboutamotherinadifficultsituationafterlockingherselfoutofherhousewhereshehasleftherbaby.Theplaywrightbeganasanovelist,anddidnotbreakthroughasatheaterwriteruntilhewasinhis40s.Hisinternationalreputationasaplaywrightwasconfirmedin1998,withaParisproductionofhisfirstplaySomeoneIsGoingtoe,whichhadbeenwrittenin1992.Sincethen,hisworkhasbeenperformedinmorethan60countriesaroundtheworld,accordingtohistranslator,AnnHenningJocelyn.Accordingtohispublisher,Fosse’sworkhasbeentranslatedintomorethan40languages,andtherehavebeenmorethan1,000differentproductionsofhisplays.4.WhendidJonFossegetmarriedtohisfirstwife?A.In1979. B.In1980. C.In1981. D.In1987.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutJonFosse?A.Hestartedwritingin1979.B.HisfirstnovelisSomeoneIsGoingtoe.C.Hegainedinternationalpopularityasaplaywright.D.Heworkedasatheaterwriterwhenhewasinhis30s.6.What’sthebestwordtodescribeJonFosse?A.Talentedandproductive. B.Positiveandordinary.C.Hardworkingandconsiderate. D.Imaginativeandselfish.7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.JonFosseandHisNovelsB.JonFosseandHisAwardsC.JonFosse:TheGreatestNorwegianWriterD.JonFosse:Wins2023NobelPrizeforLiterature【答案】4.B5.C6.A7.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了2023年诺贝尔文学奖得主JonFosse的事迹。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“In1979FossegraduatedfromhighschoolandmovedtoBergen,wherehebeganworkingforthenewspaperGulaTidend.Thatsameyearhebecameafather,andthefollowingyearhemarriedthemotherofhischild.(1979年，Fosse高中毕业，搬到卑尔根，在那里他开始为《古拉潮汐报》工作。同年，他当了父亲，第二年，他娶了孩子的母亲)”可知，JonFosse1980年和他的第一任妻子结婚的。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。通读全文，根据最后一段中“Hisinternationalreputationasaplaywrightwasconfirmedin1998,withaParisproductionofhisfirstplaySomeoneIsGoingtoe,whichhadbeenwrittenin1992.(1998年，他创作于1992年的第一部戏剧《有人要来了》在巴黎上演，从而确立了他作为剧作家的国际声誉)”可知，作为剧作家，JonFosse获得了国际声望。故选C项。【6题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中“JonFossehaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinliterature,‘forhisinnovativeplaysandprosewhichgivevoicetotheunsayable’.(JonFosse获得2023年诺贝尔文学奖，‘因为他创新的戏剧和散文为不可言说的事情发声’。)”和“Buttheauthorisinternationallycelebratedinliterarycirclesandhasbeencalled‘themostproducedlivingplaywright’.(但他在国际文坛享有盛誉，被称为‘在世作品最多的剧作家’)”可知，JonFosse是极有才华的多产作家。从而推知，他才华横溢，工作效率高。故选A项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第一段中“JonFossehaswonthe2023NobelPrizeinliterature,‘forhisinnovativeplaysandprosewhichgivevoicetotheunsayable’.(JonFosse获得2023年诺贝尔文学奖，‘因为他创新的戏剧和散文为不可言说的事情发声’。)”可知，本文主要报道了2023年诺贝尔文学奖得主JonFosse的事迹。D“JonFosse：获得2023年诺贝尔文学奖”符合主题，适合做标题，故选D项。CHaveyoueverfoundyourselfinasituationwhereyou’retalkingtosomeonebuttheykeeplookingattheirphone?Thisiscalled“phubbing”—amixofthewords“phone”and“snubbing”,whichistheactofignoringsomeoneinfavorofthephone.Itcanhappeninanyconversation—whetherit’swithafriend,familymember,orevenabusinessassociate.Whensomeoneis“phubbing”,they’reusingtheirphonetolookthroughtheonlinenews,checkmessages,playgamesandsoon,insteadoffocusingontheconversationorspendingtimewiththepeoplethey’rewith.Thewordwasfirstusedbackin2012,whenfewerpeoplehadsmartphones.Andnowthatmostpeoplehavesmartphones,phubbingisamonproblem.Mostpeoplewouldagreethatit’srudetobefocusedonyourphonewhenyou’respendingtimewithanotherperson.TheexpertWilliamHansonthinksso,too.“Phubbingisanono!”hesays.“Ifyouhaveplannedtogooutwithfriends,focusonthemandnotyourfriendsonyourphone.”Studieshavefoundthatphubbingcandamageyourrelationshipswithothers.Eyecontactissuperimportantinbondinganddevelopingoxytocin,thechemicalthatbuildstrustandconnection.Alackofeyecontactduetophubbingcanmakepeoplefeellikeyoudon’tcareaboutthemorvaluetheirtime.Phubbingcanmakepeoplefeeldisregarded,andthosewho“phub”arethoughtofaslesspoliteandcaring.Sosciencehasshownthatphubbingisnotgoodforus—butwhydowedoit?Itmightbebecausewearefeelingbored,worriedorstressed.Oritmightbebecauseweareaddictedtocheckingourphones,especiallysocialmedia.Whateverthereasonmaybe,phubbingisabadhabitandcanmakeusmissoutonrealmomentswiththepeoplearoundus.Sothenexttimeyou’respendingtimewithafriendorfamilymember,tryandkeepyourphoneoutofsight!8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Phubbingdatesfrom2012.B.Phubbingmeansusingphonewhennecessary.C.Phubbingonlyhappensinbusinessassociates.D.Phubbingistheactoffocusingonpeopleinsteadofphones.9.WhichofthefollowingstateswouldWilliamHansonagreewith?A.Phubbingwouldbenefitrelationship.B.Itispolitetophubwhenmeetingfriends.C.Peopledon’tneedeyecontacttoshowtheircaring.D.Phoneshouldbeputasidewhentheymeettheirfriends.10.WhichisNOTareasonforpeople’sphubbingaccordingtothepassage?A.Theyarebored. B.Theythinkitafashiontophub.C.Theyareaddictedtotheirphones. D.Theywanttochecktheirsocialmedia.11.Whatdoestheunderlineword“disregarded”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.Concerned. B.Protested. C.Focused. D.Ignored.【答案】8.A9.D10.B11.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。phubbing意为“低头症”，是phone()和snubbing(怠慢)两个词的合成词，指的是因为使用而忽略了其他人的行为。文章对此进行了介绍。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Thewordwasfirstusedbackin2012,whenfewerpeoplehadsmartphones.(这个词最早出现在2012年，当时拥有智能的人还比较少。)”可知，“低头症”这个词始于2012年。故选A。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段第三句和第四句“Mostpeoplewouldagreethatit’srudetobefocusedonyourphonewhenyou’respendingtimewithanotherperson.TheexpertWilliamHansonthinksso,too.(大多数人都会认同，当你和另一个人在一起的时候，专注于你的是不礼貌的。专家威廉·汉森也这么认为。)”可知，威廉·汉森会认为和朋友见面时应该把放在一边。故选D。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句“Itmightbebecausewearefeelingbored,worriedorstressed.Oritmightbebecauseweareaddictedtocheckingourphones,especiallysocialmedia.(这可能是因为我们感到无聊、担心或有压力。也可能是因为我们沉迷于查看，尤其是社交媒体。)”可知，低头症的原因不包括人们认为低头是一种时尚。故选B。【11题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段第一句中的“andthosewho“phub”arethoughtofaslesspoliteandcaring(而那些“低头”的人则被认为没有礼貌、不关心他人)”可知，此处是指“低头症”会让人们觉得被忽视，所以disregarded意为“被忽视的”。故选D。DKidsandteenagerswhovolunteeraren’tjusthelpingtheirmunity.Theymightalsobehelpingthemselves.That’saccordingtoanewresearchpublishedinJAMANetworkOpen,inMay.Kidswhoparticipatedinmunityservicewere34%morelikelytobeinverygoodphysicalhealththanthosewhodidn’tparticipate,thestudyfound.Andthosewhovolunteeredwere66%morelikelytobeconsidereddoingwellingeneral.Kidsaged12andolderwhovolunteeredwere25%lesslikelytohaveanxietythanpeerswhodidn’t.Thefindingsefromsurveydataprovidedbytheparentsofsome50,000kidsintheUnitedStatesaged6to17.Abouthalfofthoseparentsreportedthattheirkidsdidvolunteerwork.StudieslikethishavelimitationsParentsansweredquestionsabouttheirkids’healthandmunityserviceactivity.Butaparentmightnotknowiftheirchildexperiencesanxietyorconsidersthemselvestobedoingwellingeneral.Thistypeofdataalsocan’tprovecauseandeffect.Itcanonlyuncoverconnections.Soit’snotpossibletosayforsurethatvolunteeringleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.Itcouldbethatpeopleingoodhealtharemorelikelytohavetheenergyordesiretovolunteer.Butthedataesatanimportanttimeforyouthmentalhealth.Inrecentyears,ratesofdepressionandanxietyhaverisenamongyoungpeople.Morethan40%ofhighschoolstudentsreportedexperiencingfeelingsofsadnessorhopelessness.Sothere’saclearneedforaccessibleandeffectivementalhealthresources.Givingbacktothemunitymaybeonesuchresource.Andthisstudyisn’ttheonlyonetoreachthatconclusion.Previousresearchhasalsofoundlinksbetweenvolunteeringandwellbeingamongadults.Servingthemunityseemstohelppeoplefeelasenseofpurpose.Anditmakesthemfeelconnectedtothosearoundthem.Generosityhasalsobeenshowntoboosthappinessandimprovephysicalhealth.Itmightbeapracticeworthdoing.12.HowmanykidsintheUSwhovolunteeredwerelesslikelytobeanxious?A.12,500. B.17,000. C.33,000. D.50,000.13.Whatcanwelearnfromthethirdparagraph?A.Healthypeoplearelesslikelytovolunteer.B.Volunteeringsurelyleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.C.Parentsknowtheirkids’mentalandphysicalhealthverywell.D.Thereisarelationshipbetweenhealthandmunityserviceactivity.14.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Therearevariousmentalhealthresources.B.Peopleofallageswillservethemunity.C.Servingthemunitywillbenefitmentalhealth.D.Highschoolstudentsaresufferingmentalhealthproblems.15.Whichproverbbestmatchesthearticle?A.Helaughsbestwholaughslast.B.Theroseisinherhand,theflavorinmine.C.Thelongestjourneybeginswiththefirststep.D.Treatotherpeopleasyouhopetheywilltreatyou.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项调查研究发现，做志愿者的孩子和青少年自身也受益于志愿活动，他们的身心健康水平更高，虽然该研究有其局限性，但就目前年轻人患抑郁症和焦虑症的比例有所上升的情况来看，投身志愿活动不失为解决该问题的一种有效方法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Kidsaged12andolderwhovolunteeredwere25%lesslikelytohaveanxietythanpeerswhodidn’t.Thefindingsefromsurveydataprovidedbytheparentsofsome50,000kidsintheUnitedStatesaged6to17.(参加志愿者活动的12岁及以上的孩子比没有参加的同龄人患焦虑症的可能性低25%。这一发现来自美国5万名6至17岁儿童的父母提供的调查数据)”可知，在美国，约有12500名（=50000×25%）做志愿者的孩子不太容易焦虑。故选A项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Thistypeofdataalsocan’tprovecauseandeffect.Itcanonlyuncoverconnections.Soit’snotpossibletosayforsurethatvolunteeringleadstobettermentalandphysicalhealth.Itcouldbethatpeopleingoodhealtharemorelikelytohavetheenergyordesiretovolunteer.(这种类型的数据也不能证明因果关系。它只能揭示联系。因此，不能肯定地说志愿活动能带来更好的心理和身体健康。这可能是因为身体健康的人更有可能有精力或意愿去做志愿者)”可推知，虽然志愿活动和心理和身体健康之间的因果关系尚不能确定，但是两者之间的确是有联系的。故选D项。【14题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容，尤其是其中的“Previousresearchhasalsofoundlinksbetweenvolunteeringandwellbeingamongadults.Servingthemunityseemstohelppeoplefeelasenseofpurpose.Anditmakesthemfeelconnectedtothosearoundthem.Generosityhasalsobeenshowntoboosthappinessandimprovephysicalhealth.Itmightbeapracticeworthdoing.(之前的研究也发现了志愿者活动与成年人幸福感之间的联系。为社区服务似乎能让人们有一种使命感。这让他们觉得自己与周围的人有联系。慷慨也被证明能提升幸福感和改善身体健康。这可能是一个值得做的实践)”可知，本段主要结合目前年轻人患抑郁症和焦虑症的比例有所上升的背景，对做社区志愿服务的意义进行了补充说明，表明这种服务的确可以赋予人们幸福感、使命感、与他人的联系，改善人们的健康。因此，本段主要是揭示为社区服务将有利于心理健康。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Kidsandteenagerswhovolunteeraren’tjusthelpingtheirmunity.Theymightalsobehelpingthemselves.(做志愿者的孩子和青少年不仅仅是在帮助他们的社区。他们也可能是在帮助自己)”可知，文章围绕一项调查研究的发现展开，主要介绍了其发现内容：做志愿者的孩子和青少年自身也受益于志愿活动，他们的身心健康水平更高，同时指出了该研究的局限性和意义。因此，B项“赠人玫瑰，手留余香”最契合该研究发现的结果。A.最后的胜利才是真正的胜利；C.千里之行，始于足下；D.己所不欲，勿施于人。故选B项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Selfdisciplineistheabilitytocontrolyourbehaviorinawaythatleadsyoutobemoreproductiveandhavebetterhabits.Whetheryouaretryingtostudyforatest,loseweight,orkickabadhabit,selfdisciplinealwaysplaysapart.Wonderinghowtodevelopit?Herearesometipsforyou.____16____Figuringoutwhatdoesanddoesnotworkforyouiskeytounderstandinghowtobemoreselfdisciplined.Somepeoplesucceedwhenworkingaroundothers,whileothersdobetterworkingalone.Somepeoplearemotivatedbyrewards,whileotherspreferconsequencestokeeptheminline.ShareyourgoalswithsomeoneTellingyourgoalstopeopleyourespectisdirectlyrelatedtoabetterchanceofachievingthem.Youcansimplyletyourfriendsknowthatyouhavedecidedtoworkonyourselfdisciplineingeneral,oryoucansharesomeofyourgoalswiththem.____17____.StartsmallDon’tbeginyourdailyworkwithselfdisciplinebytryingtoachievesomethinghuge.____18____.Instead,workondaily,weekly,andmonthlygoals.Youjustneedtomakesurethattheyaremovingyouintherightdirection.Forgiveyourself____19____.Weallmakemistakes,andthat’sokay!Whenyoubehaveinawaythatcannotrealizeyourpursuitofselfdiscipline,forgiveyourself.____20____.Andifpossible,changeyourenvironmentsothatitdoesn’thappenagain.A.FindapartnerB.RecognizehowyoustruggleC.SelfdisciplinerequireslotsofeffortD.ReviewwhyandwherethingswentwrongE.TheactwillhelpyouachievethemmoreeasilyF.Weareallhumans,soperfectionisn’tpossibleGThiswilltaketoomuchtimetokeepyouontrack【答案】16.B17.E18.G19.F20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章关于怎样培养自律给出了一些建议。【16题详解】下文“Figuringoutwhatdoesanddoesnotworkforyouiskeytounderstandinghowtobemoreselfdisciplined.Somepeoplesucceedwhenworkingaroundothers,whileothersdobetterworkingalone.Somepeoplearemotivatedbyrewards,whileotherspreferconsequencestokeeptheminline.(弄清楚什么对你有用，什么对你没用，是了解如何更加自律的关键。有些人在和别人一起工作时很成功，而有些人独自工作时做得更好。有些人受到奖励的激励，而另一些人则更喜欢结果，以使他们保持一致)”说明要了解不同的情况，认识到自己应该采用什么方式如何去做。选项B“认识到你是如何努力的”概括本段大意，适合做小标题。故选B项。【17题详解】上文“Tellingyourgoalstopeopleyourespectisdirectlyrelatedtoabetterchanceofachievingthem.Youcansimplyletyourfriendsknowthatyouhavedecidedtoworkonyourselfdisciplineingeneral,oryoucansharesomeofyourgoalswiththem.(把你的目标告诉你所尊敬的人，这直接关系到实现目标的更好机会。你可以简单地让你的朋友知道你已经决定在你的自律工作，或者你可以和他们分享你的一些目标)”具体说明了怎样和别人分享自己的目标，选项E“这一行为将帮助你更容易地实现它们”承接上文，是上文行动的结果。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Don’tbeginyourdailyworkwithselfdisciplinebytryingtoachievesomethinghuge.(不要在开始你的日常工作时就想要实现一些巨大的目标)”说明不能目标太巨大，选项G“这将花费你太多的时间来保持正轨”承接上文，和上文之间存在因果关系，因为目标太大，所以花费太多时间。选项中This指上文中toachievesomethinghuge，故选G项。【19题详解】下文“Weallmakemistakes,andthat’sokay!(我们都会犯错误，没关系！)”说明人无完人，选项F“我们都是人，所以完美是不可能的”引领下文，说明我们是人，不是完美的。故选F项。【20题详解】下文“Andifpossible,changeyourenvironmentsothatitdoesn’thappenagain.(如果可能的话，改变你的环境，这样就不会再发生了)”说明改变原来环境，错误就不会发生了，选项D“回顾出问题的原因和地方”引领下文，和下文存在因果关系，找出错误原因，改正，错误就不会再发生了。故选D项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Since2009,asmallarmyof____21____inthePalaceMuseumhavebeenreceivingglobalsocialmediaattention.Thesehairyguardsare____22____insidethemuseumwalls.Thepurposeistodefendwoodenstructuresand____23____relicsagainstmice.IvisitedthePalaceMuseuminthesummerof2023to____24____thehistoryofQingDynasty.IstayedinasmallhotelinoneofBeijin’shutongareasforawholemonth.Ittookmea20minutewalktothe____25____everymorning.Before____26____toBeijing,IhadalreadyconductedsomebackgroundresearchonthehistoryofthePalaceMuseumitselfandmanagedtoreadanarticleaboutthefamouspalacecats.Iwas____27____tospotatleastoneofthemduringmystaythere.Inthethirdweek,____28____Iwaswalkingthroughthewesterngates,Iwassurprisedtospotnotone,nottwo,butthreecatsonthecornerofaporchinfrontofanoffice.I____29____thefurryguardsinChinese,“Hi!Kitties!”Thecatsignoredme,_____30_____totakearestintheshadenexttotheirwhitepaintedcathouses.I_____31_____threemorecatsinsidethebamboogardenoftheemployees’exercisegrounds.Itwasn’tuntilmylastweekinBeijingthatI_____32_____gottopetone.Theslightlyfatfurrycatlookedlikethereal“boss”ofthepalaceashemadehiswayovertome,staringwithhissharpyellowandblueeyesandletting_____33_____short,loudmeowsdemandingattention.Hewasveryfriendlyand_____34_____tobescratchedbehindtheearandevengivenabellyrub.Forthosecat_____35_____planningontakingatriptoChina’scapital,theseabsolutelyadorablesecurityguardsaredefinitelyworthspendingadayinthepalacelookingfor.21.A.dogs B.researchers C.cats D.volunteers22.A.allowed B.changed C.moved D.hidden23.A.personal B.fortable C.specific D.priceless24.A.revive B.research C.organize D.symbolize25.A.museum B.temple C.capital D.republic26.A.lookingforward B.gettingback C.settingout D.givingup27.A.frightened B.disappointed C.determined D.shocked28.A.though B.since C.unless D.as29.A.greeted B.begged C.supplied D.contacted30.A.applying B.preferring C.requesting D.pretending31.A.rescued B.protected C.buried D.spotted32.A.finally B.basically C.equally D.seriously33.A.in B.down C.out D.up34.A.anxious B.confident C.embarrassed D.content35.A.controllers B.lovers C.owners D.experts【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.B25.A26.C27.C28.D29.A30.B31.D32.A33.C34.D35.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在去参观故宫博物院做研究期间，特地留心博物馆里的猫，和它们打招呼，并且最终成功摸到一只猫的经历。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：自2009年以来，故宫博物院的一小群猫一直受到全球社交媒体的关注。A.dogs狗；B.researchers研究人员；C.cats猫；D.volunteers志愿者。根据下文“managedtoreadanarticleaboutthefamouspalacecats”可知，吸引媒体关注的是故宫博物院的一小群猫。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些毛茸茸的警卫是允许待在博物馆里的。A.allowed允许；B.changed改变；C.moved移动；D.hidden隐藏。根据下文“Thepurposeistodefendwoodenstructuresand____3____relicsagainstmice.”可知，这些猫是用来防范老鼠，起到保护作用的，因此是被允许待在博物馆里。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：目的是保护木结构建筑和无价的文物不受老鼠的伤害。A.personal个人的；B.fortable舒适的；C.specific具体的；D.priceless无价的。根据上文“thePalaceMuseum”和下文“relics”可知，故宫博物院里的文物应该是无价的。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在2023年夏天参观了故宫博物院，研究清朝的历史。A.revive复兴；B.research研究；C.organize组织；D.symbolize象征。根据下文“IhadalreadyconductedsomebackgroundresearchonthehistoryofthePalaceMuseumitself”可知，作者提前对故宫博物院本身的历史做了一些背景研究，因此是来研究清朝的历史。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我每天早上都要步行20分钟去博物馆。A.museum博物馆；B.temple寺庙；C.capital首都；D.republic共和国。根据上文“IvisitedthePalaceMuseuminthesummerof2023to____4____thehistoryofQingDynasty.”可知，作者此行是为了参观故宫博物院做研究，因此是步行去博物馆。故选A。【26题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在出发来北京之前，我已经对故宫博物院本身的历史做了一些背景研究，并设法读了一篇关于著名的宫猫的文章。A.lookingforward期待；B.gettingback返回；C.settingout出发；D.givingup放弃。根据上文“IvisitedthePalaceMuseuminthesummerof2023”可知，作者是从其他地方来参观故宫博物院的，再结合下文“IhadalreadyconductedsomebackgroundresearchonthehistoryofthePalaceMuseumitselfandmanagedtoreadanarticleaboutthefamouspalacecats.”可推知，他是在出发来北京前做了一些功课。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我决心在那里逗留期间，至少要发现其中的一个。A.frightened害怕的；B.disappointed失望的；C.determined决心的；D.shocked震惊的。根据下文叙述的作者对发现猫非常惊喜，热情地打招呼，还去摸猫可推知，作者喜欢猫，决心发现其中一只猫，固定短语bedeterminedtodo意为“决心做某事”。故选C。28题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：第三周，当我走过西门时，我惊讶地发现，在一间办公室前门廊的角落里，有三只猫，不是一只，也不是两只。A.though虽然；B.since因为；C.unless除非；D.as当……时。根据下文“Iwaswalkingthroughthewesterngates,Iwassurprisedtospotnotone,nottwo,butthreecatsonthecornerofaporchinfrontofanoffice”可推知，此处描述作者发现猫时的情况，应该是在作者走过西门时发现了它们，as引导时间状语从句。故选D。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我用中文跟这些毛茸茸的警卫打招呼：“嗨！小猫！”A.greeted和……打招呼；B.begged恳求；C.supplied供应；D.contacted联系。根据下文“Hi!Kitties!”可知，作者是在和猫打招呼。故选A。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些猫不理我，更喜欢在它们漆成白色的猫屋旁边的阴凉处休息。A.applying申请；B.preferring更喜欢；C.requesting请求；D.pretending假装。根据上文“Thecatsignoredme”和下文“totakearestintheshadenexttotheirwhitepaintedcathouses”可推知，这些忽略作者的猫应该是更喜欢待在自己屋子旁的阴凉处休息。故选B。31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在员工运动场的竹园里又发现了三只猫。A.rescued救助；B.protected保护；C.buried埋葬；D.spotted发现。根据上文“Iwassurprisedtospotnotone,nottwo,butthreecats”和下文“threemorecats”可推知，此处是呼应上文，表示作者又发现了三只猫，spotted在上文有同词复现。故选D。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：直到我在北京的最后一周，我才最终摸到了一只。A.finally最终；B.basically基本上；C.equally平等地；D.seriously认真地。根据上文“I____9____thefurryguardsinChinese,“Hi!Kitties!”Thecatsignoredme”可知，作者想亲近猫，但是被忽视了，再结合下文“gottopetone”可推知，此处指作者最终得偿所愿，摸到了一只猫。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这只略胖的毛茸茸的猫朝我走来，看起来就像宫殿里真正的“老板”，他那双锐利的黄蓝色的眼睛盯着我，发出短促而响亮的喵喵声，要求我注意它。A.(let)in允许进入；B.(let)down辜负；C.(let)out发出；D.(let)up减弱。根据下文“short,loudmeows”可推知，这只猫发出了短促而响亮的喵喵声。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常友好，很满足于被挠挠耳后，甚至被揉了揉肚子。A.anxious焦虑的；B.confident自信的；C.embarrassed尴尬的；D.content满足的。根据上文“Hewasveryfriendly”可知，这只猫很友好，由此推知，他会很满足于被挠挠耳后、揉肚子。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些计划去中国首都旅行的爱猫人士来说，这些绝对可爱的警卫绝对值得花一天时间在