山东省临沂市河东区2023-2024学年高二下学期期中考试英语试题2

2022级普通高中学科素养水平监测试卷英语（试卷满分：150分考试时间：120分钟）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后你将有两分钟的时间将答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Howwillthemangohome?A.Bybike.B.Bysubway.C.Bybus.2.Whathappenedtothewoman'sson?A.Hehurthisarm.B.Hehadaheadache.C.Hegotpainsinhisfingers.3.Whatwillthemandotonight?A.Dohishomework.B.WatchTV.C.Playfootball.4.WhatisMary'sphonenumber?A.97756431.B.86727151.C.86727115.5.Whatisthemanlookingfor?A.Aputer.B.Acupoftea.C.Abook.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。6.WhatwillthewomandoforAlbert'sbirthday?A.Decoratehisroom.B.Organizeaparty.C.Prepareabigdinner.7.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantobring?A.Juice.B.Acake.C.Fruit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。8.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Aninterview.B.AnEnglishclass.C.Apieceofhomework.9.WhatdidMr.Graytalkalotabout?A.ThemethodsoflearningEnglish.B.Thecultureofsomecountries.C.Therulesintheclassroom.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。10.Whathasthemandecidedtodoforhisholiday?A.Goclimbing.B.Gohiking.C.Gocamping.11.Howlongwillthemanbeaway?A.Sevendays.B.Sixdays.C.Fivedays.12.Whatisthewoman'sopinionabouthikingandclimbing?A.Fun.B.Tiring.C.Relaxing.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Athome.B.Atschool.C.Atarestaurant.14.Whodoesthegirlusuallytalktowhensheisupset?A.Herfriends.B.Herparents.C.Herteachers.15.Wherewouldthegirltalkwithherfriend?A.Inashoppingcentre.B.Inaclassroom.C.Inacafe.16.Whatdoesthemansuggestthegirldo?A.Studyhard.B.Shopwithherfriends.C.Getintouchwithherfriendsoften.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。17.Whyisthespeakerusuallyhungrybylunchtime?A.Shedoesn'teatbiscuitsatwork.B.Sheonlyhasadrinkforbreakfast.C.Sheworksveryhard.18.Whendoesthespeakerendherlunchbreak?A.Atabout1:15.B.Atabout2:00.C.Atabout2:15.19.Whatdoesthespeakerdrinkforlunch?A.Tea.B.Coffee.C.Water.20.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofherlife?A.Stressful.B.Enjoyable.C.Unhealthy.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。ASaveyourannualleaveandexplorebeautifultownsandplaceswithdaytripslessthantwohoursfromLondon,offeringachangeofscenery,deliciousfoodandagoodwalk.Youcanheadintoworkthenextdayfeelingrefreshed.MargateTheoldwillrememberMargateasasomewhatmockedholidaylocation,avintage(复古的)styleamusementparkwithrides.However,theyoungarenowmovinghereindrovesastheytakeadvantageoftheexcellenttransportlinksandtheworkingopportunities.AnotherdrawistheTurnerContemporaryartgalleryopenedin2011tocelebrateartistJMWTurner,andhisconnectiontoMargate.Thegalleryisfreetoenterandhasspectacularviews.TheNewForestAtover200squaremiles,theNewForestisaprotectednationalparkdottedwithsmalltowns.Therearemanytrailstowalkorcycle,whichareworthplanninginadvance.isausefulresourceasithaswalkingandcycleroutessplitintofamily,dogfriendlyandthosethattakeinpubsorvillages.BrightonThereissomethingforeveryoneinBrighton:traditionalfishandchips,veganandrestaurants,theRoyalPavilionandshops—bothvintageandcontemporary—sellingclothing,jewellery,chocolateandrecords.AnyofthesmallcoffeeshopswouldbeagreatfirststopbeforeheadingtotheverypinkBooksforAmnestyshop.TheCotswoldsWiththeinstantlyrecognisablepaleyellowstonecottagesandseeminglyunendingsupplyofpubs,thetownsandvillagesthatprisetheCotswoldsarewellworthavisit.SpendthemorningwalkingaroundChippingNorton,amarkettownwithshopsandtheatres.BesuretopopintoJafféandNeale,thebookshopandcafethathasbeenopensince2006.1.WhatattractstheyoungergenerationinMargate?A.Itsamusementpark. B.Theprotectednationalpark.C.TheTurnerContemporaryartgallery. D.Itsconvenienttransportationandworkingchances.2.Whereshouldyougoifyouwanttowalkwithyourdog?A.Brighton. B.TheNewForest. C.Margate. D.TheCotswolds.3.WhatdoBrightonandTheCotswoldshaveinmon?A.Lifestyle. B.Traditionalfood. C.Coffeehouses. D.Ancientcottages.BInasmallteashoplocatedinBisalpur,UttarPradesh,onecanspotuniquefurniturelikestools(凳子)andtablesmadeofbricksandrecycledplastic.Otherthancustomers,touristswhoetovisitthenearbyJawaiDamoftenstopbyheretohandplasticwasteovertotheshopkeeper.RunbyKanaRamMewada,theshopnotonlysellsteaandsnacks,butalsoleadsacampaigntoreducetheuseofsingleuseplasticinthevillage.AccordingtoareportoftheCentralPollutionControlBoard(CPCB)in2019—2020,3.5millionmetrictons(公吨)ofplasticwasteisannuallygeneratedinIndia,andwillremaininlandfills(垃圾填埋场)fortheupinghundredsofyears.KanawasdeeplydisturbedafterreadingthatreportontheInternetandbeganthinkingaboutwaystoraisethevillagers’awarenessandmakehisvillagefreeofplastic.Hestartedacampaignbycollectingplasticwastefromhisownshopandroadside.Whenevercustomerscame,heexplainedthecampaign.Inordertoattractmorepeople,hestartedgivingsomethinginreturnforthewastetheybrought.Sometimes,hepurchasedafewthingsmadeofrecycledwastetoshowthevillagersandtoldthemtheywerecreatedfromtheirplasticwastecontribution.Healsomadedecorativeitemsoutofthewasteandplacedthemaroundtheshop.Asaresult,peoplefromthevillagebecamecuriousabouthiscampaign.Eventouristsbeganparticipatingintheexchange.Andtoday,theforest,riversandpublicspacesthatwereoncefilledwithplasticwastearecleanerthanbefore.Hehopesthathecanalsohelptheneighboringvillagesrecycleplasticwasteandmakethewholeareaplasticfree.“Whenanordinarypersonlikemedecidedtostartacause,itwasinspiringthatawholevillagestoodbymeandsupportedme.Wecanallbeetorchbearers(启蒙者)forabettertomorrow.Whatwehavetodoistakeastepforward,”hesaid.4.WhatledKanatostartthecampaign?A.Anonlinereport. B.Tourists’behavior.C.Customers’advice. D.Hisvisittolandfills.5.WhydidKanaplaceplasticdecorationsaroundhisshop?A.Togetmorepeopletojoinhiscampaign. B.Toteachshoppershowtomakethem.C.Tomakehisshopmuchmorebeautiful. D.Toadvertisethegoodsinhisshop.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeKana?A.Considerateandproud. B.Ambitiousandgenerous.C.Responsibleandcreative. D.Determinedandhumorous.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Ashopkeeper’spathtosuccess. B.AhistorictouristspotinBisalpur.C.Auniquewayofturningwasteintoart. D.Ashopkeeper’scampaignforplasticrecycling.CDespitethefactthatburgers,chipsandfriesareknownassomeofthemostunhealthyfoodwecaneat,theyarestillthemostpopularfood.Thereareafewreasonsbehindthat.First,junkfoodisgenerallyeasytogetandtakewithyou.Thisconvenienceisamajordrawformany,especiallypeoplewhoarealwaysonthego.RestaurantslikeMcDonald’sandKFCcanbefoundoutsidemanyschoolsandworkplaces,providingmealsinunderaminute.Secondly,junkfoodcontainsalotofaddedsugarandfat.Thiskindoffoodcausesourbraintosendoutcertainchemicals,whichproducethefeelingofrelaxation,pleasureandenjoyment.That’swhysuchfoodiscalled“fortfood”.Thirdlyourancestorsdidn’thavesucheasyaccesstothehugevarietyoffoodweeacrosseveryday.Theydidn’thavetheconvenienceofhavingfoodaseasilyaswedo.Sotheymadeitahabittoeatasmuchastheycouldtosurviveandprotectthemselvesfromthehardnaturalconditions.Thecavementality(心理)ispasseddowntous,whichmakesusbelievethatwecanneverhaveenoughfoodthatishighinsugarandfat,nomatterhowcrazilyweeat.Besides,whenwearetooworriedandtiredtorelax,ourbodyproducescortisol(皮质醇),whichincreasesthesugarcontentintheblood,soitcanbeusedasenergytoaidinfatandcarbohydratemetabolism(碳水化合物代谢).Additionally,itisalsofoundtoincreasehunger.That’sthereasonwhywhenwe’rethinkingaboutunpleasantthings,wepreferfoodsthatarehighinsugar,fatandcarbohydrate,thatistosayunhealthyfood.8.WhyareMcDonald’sandKFCmentioned?A.Toshowtheytakeupthebestsite. B.Toshowtheyprovidegoodservice.C.Toshowtheyarefamousfortheirtaste. D.Toshowtheymakejunkfoodeasytoget.9.WhatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinParagraph4?A.Weneedallkindsoffood. B.Ourancestorslivedahardlife.C.Weareborntoeatmorethanweneed. D.Itisdifficultforustochangeourhabits.10.Whatisacauseoftheincreaseofsugarcontentinourbody?A.Toomuchstress. B.Awishforfood.CAfastmetabolicrate. D.Nothavingenoughenergy.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howharmfuljunkfoodis. B.Whyfastfoodissodelicious.C.Howwecandevelopahealthylifestyle. D.Whyweloveunhealthyfoodsomuch.DOneofthethingsthatmakehumansmammals(哺乳动物)isthatwe’rewarmblooded—ourbodieshavehighmetabolism(新陈代谢)thatmaintainsourinternaltemperatureindependentofthesurroundings,unlikecoldbloodedanimalsthathavetolieinthesunforheat.Amongmodernanimals,onlymammalsandbirdsarewarmbloodedandourabilitytokeepourselveswarmhasenabledustosurviveinicyweatherandmakelongmigrations.Butit’sbeenamysteryexactlywhenmammalsevolvedtheirhighmetabolism.Inanewstudy,scientistspointtoanunlikelysourcefordeterminingwhenancientmammalancestorsbecamewarmblooded.Theearsofalllivingcreaturesthathavebackbonescontaintinycanals(管道)filledwithfluidthathelpsusbalance.Therunniness(流动性)ofthatfluidchangesbasedontemperature,andourinnerearshaveevolveddifferentsizessothatthefluidcanflowcorrectly.Coldbloodedanimals’earfluidiscoolerandthicker,soitneedswiderspacestotravelthrough,whilewarmbloodedanimalshaverunnierearfluid,soourcanalsaredifferent.“Canalsweregenerallyusedtopredictthemovementoffossilorganisms.However,bycarefullylookingattheirbiomechanics(生物力学),wefiguredthatwecouldalsousethemtoinferbodytemperature,”saysRomainDavid,oneofthestudy’sleadauthors.“Thisisbecause,likehoney,thefluidinsidecanalsgetsrunnierwhentemperatureincreases,impactingfunction.Therefore,duringthetransitiontoendothermy(温血性),physicaladaptationwasrequiredtokeepbestperformances,andwecouldtrackearcanalsinmammalancestors.”Totracktheseevolutionarychanges,theresearchersparedthesizesoftheinnerearcanalsofover300animals,including243livingspeciesand64extinctones.Theyfoundthatmammalancestorsdidn’tdevelopthekindsofinnerearstructuresidealforwarmbloodedanimalsuntil233millionyearsago.Theoriginofmammalianendothermyisoneofthegreatmysteriestobesolved.Manydifferentapproacheshavebeenusedtotrytopredictwhenitfirstevolved,buttheyhaveoftengivenunclearorconflictingresults.Thismethodshowsrealpromisebecauseithasbeenconfirmedusingaverylargenumberofmodernspecies.12.Whichofthefollowingmightbethekeytomammals’longmigrations?A.Thelargebodysize. B.Therichfoodresources.C.Thewarmbloodedness. D.Theadaptabilitytosurroundings.13.Whatcanwelearnaboutwarmbloodedanimalsparedtocoldbloodedones?A.Theyhavemuchbiggerbackbones.B.Theirinnerearcanalsarerelativelynarrow.C.Theyaremuchmoresensitivetooutsidesounds.D.Theirearfluidseldomchangeswithtemperature.14.WhatdoRomainDavid’swordsinparagraph3mainlytellus?A.Theoriesontheevolutionofmammalancestors.B.Thereasonforstudyingtheinnerearsofmammals.C.Theimportanceofphysicaladaptationtomammals.D.Possiblewaystopredictthemovementoffossilorganisms.15.What’stheauthor’sattitudetothenewmethodoftrackingevolutionarychanges?A.Appreciative. B.Doubtful. C.Negative. D.Unconcerned.第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoBeLessEmotionalBeingoverlyemotionalmaymeanreactingtofeelingslikeanger,sadnessandfearquicklyinsteadoflettingallofyourintelligenceweighin.Chancesare,ifyoufeeloverlyemotionalyouarerelatingtoyouremotionsinawaythatisn'talwaysconstructive.___16___Identifyemotions.It'simportanttoknowwhatyoufeelsoyoucanadequatelyaddresseachemotionappropriately.___17___Ifyoufeelanger,forinstance,youmaystarttonoticeyourbreathingquickening,yourmusclestensing,oryourskinfeelingflushed.Ifyou'rehappy,youmaynoticesmilingorfeelingsoflightnessinyourbody.___18___Theycanhelpcalmyoudownwhenyou'reexperiencingoverwhelmingemotions.Ifyou'refeelingoverwhelmedbyemotionalintensity,pausetofocusonyourbreathing.Breathingtechniquescanhelpyoumanageyouremotionsmoreeffectivelyandhelpyouhandleintenseemotionsbetter.Youmaynoticethatasyouexperienceintenseemotions,theybringyoufurtherfromexperiencingyourselfandyourbody.Monitoryourexpectations.Sometimes,thewayyoufeelmaybeinfluencedbyhowyouexpecttofeel.___19___Ifyounoticeyourselfplacingexpectationsonhowyou“should”feel,holdoffonmakingthatjudgmentuntilyou'vepletedthesituation.Or,youmayconsiderwhichsituationsyouwanttoenterintobeforehand.Adjustyourroutinestoreducestress.Thinkaboutwhateventstriggeryourstrongemotions,andtrytoeitheravoidthemorcontrolyourresponse.Forinstance,ifyoutendtogetanxiousbecauseyouoftenrunlateforwork,adjustyourmorningroutinesoyouarenotrushing.___20___A.Copewithyouremotions.B.Practicebreathingtechniques.C.However,it'simportanttolearntoregulateyouremotions.D.Ifyoufeelanxious,youmaynoticeyouburnalotofemotionalenergyworrying.E.Starttoreflectonhowyourbodyfeelswhenyounoticeanemotioningthrough.F.Ifthereisagroupofpeoplethatbringoutlotsofunpleasantemotions,decreaseyourtimewiththem.G.Forinstance,ifyouexpectthatwatchingamoviemaymakeyousad,youmayendupfeelingsad.第三部分：语言运用(共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Inelementaryschool,myfathertoldme,“Itdoesn’tmatterwhatyou'lldowhenyougrowup;thekeyisthatitwillmakeyoupleased.___21___isthewholepointoflife.Itneeds___22___andeffort.Yourmotherlovestohelppeople___23___,soshebecameanurse.Ilovereadingandpoetry,soIbecameapoet.Webothfindhappinessindailyhardwork.”AfewyearslaterwhenIwasinjuniorhigh,myheadteacher___24___withmeafterschoolbecauseIwasn’t___25___.Shementionedsomesuccessfulpeopleinhistoryduringtheconversation.Thensheaskedwhatmy___26___was.ItoldherthatIjustwantedtobehappy.She___27___foramomentandthensheagreedwithme.WhenIwasayounggirl,theletterthatmygrandmawrotetomehadalineabout“___28___happinessinhardwork”,whichismymottothatstillresonates(产生共鸣)withmetoday.Ifindsomepeopleattachtothe___29___thatlifeshouldbeeasierthanitis.___30___,Ithink,regardlessofwhatyou___31___,youmustn’tneglecthardwork,becausehappinessishiddenin___32___.Sincegraduationfromcollege,Ihavebeen___33___topassingallmyknowledgetomystudents.Ifindhappinesswhenmyhardworkis___34___bytheirrespectandloveforme.Becauseofmycontributionto___35___,IwontheExcellentTeacherAwardthisyearandI'lldomoreinthefuture.21.A.Fitness B.Happiness C.Forgiveness D.Calmness22.A.confidence B.satisfaction C.experience D.enthusiasm23.A.inneed B.inpanic C.inpoor D.ingeneral24.A.joked B.dealt C.talked D.quarreled25.A.active B.attractive C.cautious D.ambitious26.A.secret B.dream C.concern D.feature27.A.thought B.cried C.laughed D.waited28.A.spreading B.defining C.imagining D.seeking29.A.suggestion B.exception C.expectation D.conclusion30.A.Otherwise B.Moreover C.However D.Therefore31.A.giveup B.pickout C.engagein D.eacross32.A.effort B.darkness C.courage D.trouble33.A.devoted B.limited C.tried D.expected34.A.determined B.inspired C.replaced D.repaid35.A.history B.education C.medicine D.literature第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）语法填空Theworldhasjustendureditshottestyearonrecord,withglobalaveragetemperatures___36___(break)historicalrecords.Thereisnodenyingthatclimatechangeisoneofthemosturgent___37___(challenge)facinghumankind.Noonecanbesafe___38___thethreatofclimatechange.China,theworld'slargestdevelopingcountryandaresponsiblemajorcountry,___39___(overe)manychallengesbytakingaseriesofmeasuressofar.Ithasplannedtopeakitscarbondioxideemissionsbefore2030andachievecarbonneutralitybefore2060.Thecountryissettoachievethehighest___40___(reduce)incarbonintensityglobally.___41___(addition),promotingcleanenergyandthelowcarbontransformationoftheeconomy___42___(be)nowagloballyacceptedmethodofaddressingclimatechange.Becauseofglobalwarming,extremeweathereventsareincreasinginfrequencyandintensity.Building___43___solidfrontlineofdisasterpreventioniscrucialfordealingwiththeeffectsofextremeweatherevents.Peopleareexpectedworktogetherto___44___(deep)internationalcooperationandmakegreatercontributionstobuildingacleanandbeautifulworldandsafeguardingtheEarth,theonlyplace____45____wecancallhome.第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）46.现代社会，短视频日渐成为了生活的一部分，很多学生也沉迷其中。假如你是李华，上周你班就此现象展开了一次激烈的讨论，给你的好友Eric写信，阐述你的观点。内容包括：1.对此现象看法；2.理由。注意：1.词数80左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：短视频shortvideoDearEric,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整短文。Withnoairconditionersandnotreesprovidingshade,theclassroomsthatfacedsouthatmychildren’smiddleschoolgottoohotduringthewarmermonthsoftheschoolyear.Iknewfrommydaysvolunteeringintheschoolthatstudentsandstaffgotoverheatedandthatitwasdifficultforthemtoconcentrate.Asalongtimemastergardener,Iknewtreescouldshadethoseclassroomwindowsandreducethetemperaturesinsidetorelativelyfortablelevels.Ifbenchesandtreeswereadded,thefrontyardwouldbetransformedintoabeautifuloutdoorclassroom,onethatwouldencourageteacherstobringtheirstudentsoutsidetolearn.AndIimaginedhowwonderfulitwouldbeforourdistrict’skids,manyofwhomliveinapartmentbuildingswithoutyardsorgreenspace,toexperiencethehappinessofsittingonabenchunderaleafygreentreeduringtheirschoolday.Then,Imetwiththeschool