广东省肇庆市2023-2024学年高二上学期期末教学质量检测试题 英语 含解析

保密★启用前肇庆市2023-2024学年第一学期高二年级期末教学质量检测英语注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ALibertyHillFarmLibertyHillFarm,recognizedasVermont'sfirstGreenAgritourismEnterprise,offersvisitorsopportunitiestomilkandfeedRobethHolsteincows.Italsohasasmallhotelwithsevenguestrooms,whichmakesitaperfectdestinationforthoselookingtoenjoyarelaxingvacationalongwithafarmtour.WalkerHoneyFarmCuriousabouthowhoneygoesfrombeehive(蜂箱)tobottle?Visitthefamily-ownedWalkerHoneyFarminTexas,whereyoucantakeaguidedwalkingtourofthefarm'sfacilitiesandhearfirst-handfrombeekeepers.The45-minutetouralsoincludesastopatDancingBeeWineryonthefarm'sproperty,whereguestscantryhoneywine,oneoftheoldestwinesstillconsumedtoday.CharlestonTeaPlantationCharlestonTeaPlantationisNorthAmerica'sonlyteaplantation.GuestscanseetheacresofteaplantsandvisittheonlyteafactoryinAmerica.There'salsoanoptiontotakeanamazingtourwithBillHall,athird-generationteatasterwhooverseesthedailyoperationshere.Wanttotakesometeatogo?Visittheon-sitegiftshoptobuyspecialtyteasandrelateditemsliketeacups.ThoroughbredHeritageHorseFarmToursOnthethree-hourandguidedtours,guestscanseeandlearnmoreaboutCalumetFarm,afarmfamousforexcellenthorsesandracingoperationscoveringnearly800acres.Toursalsoincludeglimpses(体验)ofmoviefilminglocationsforfilmslikeSecretariat,SeabiscuitandDreamer.1.Whichofthefollowingtoursprovidesaccommodationfortourists?A.LibertyHillFarm. B.WalkerHoneyFarm.C.CharlestonTeaPlantation. D.ThoroughbredHeritageHorseFarmTours.2.WhatdoWalkerHoneyFarmandCharlestonTeaPlantationhaveincommon?A.Theyareuniqueintheirareas.B.Theybothincludea45-minutetour.C.Theyareworld-famoustouristattractions.D.Theyofferdirectcommunicationwiththestaff.3.WhyareSecretariat,SeabiscuitandDreamermentioned?A.Toexplainthevisitingprocess. B.Tointroducesomefamousmovies.C.Tostressthepopularityofthefarms. D.Topresentaneye-catcherofthetours.BAftermostpeoplecompletetheirundergraduatedegree,theyeithertakeabreakorjumpintoajob.Few,likeBriannaCraft,setouttosavetheworld.Itstartedwhenshewasafreshmansittinginanenvironmentalstudiesclassin2006.Craftwasshockedwhentheprofessordescribedtheharmclimatechangewashavingonpeople.Sherecordsthemomentinhernewbook,EverythingThatRises:AClimateChangeMemoir.Aftergraduation,CraftspentayearinAmeriCorps,focusingonprotectingtheenvironment.AmeriCorpsisanorganizationconnectingindividualsandorganizationstohelpcommunitiestackletheirtoughestchallenges."Thathelpedmefigureoutthatmyfuturewasnotindoingscience,"shesays.Instead,shewantedtoworkwithpeopleandpolicy.ShethenhadanopportunitytoattendtheUNclimatenegotiations(磋商).That,inturn,preparedherforhercurrentroleasaseniorresearcherattheLondon-basedInternationalInstituteforEnvironmentandDevelopment(IIED).Herfocusistoensurethatthelowestcontributorstogreenhousegasesandthosemostaffectedbyclimatechangehaveavoiceininternationalclimatenegotiations.Forfiveyears,Craftattendedandsupportedclimateconferencesaroundtheworld,leadingtothesigningoftheParisAgreementin2015.Craftsays,"IwantedpeopletocareabouttheworkIdidintheclimatenegotiations,andwhywepushedsohardtoformthisagreement."ThatledhertowriteEverythingThatRises:AClimateChangeMemoir.CraftbringstheviewpointofanAfricanAmericanwomanfromaruralnorthwestcommunity.Sheweaves(编织)togetherseveralstorylines-includingherdifficultchildhoodwithanirresponsibleparent,herself-discoveryincollegeandherworktohelpworktowardsclimateagreementsandensurethateventhesmallestcountrieshaveavoice.4.WhatmotivatedCrafttoworkonclimatechange?A.Acourse. B.Abook. C.Ascientist. D.Aprogram.5.HowdidtheexperienceinAmeriCorpshelpCraft?A.Shemadeachievements. B.Shefellinlovewithscience.C.Shegotinspirationforherbook. D.Shewasclearerabouthercareerpath.6.WhatdoesCraftdoasaseniorresearcherattheIIED?A.Shepromotesequalrightstospeakamongcountries.B.ShefocusesonremovinggreenhousegasesinLondon.C.SheensuresclimatenegotiationsaretheUN'stoppriority.D.Shespeaksforthecountriesproducingthemostgreenhousegases.7.WhichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribesCraft'sjob?A.Boring. B.Risky. C.Fruitful. D.Well-paid.CScientistshavebeenabletotracktheentirelifeofamammoth(猛犸象)thatlivedmorethan17,000yearsago.TheteamfiguredoutwhereinAlaskaitlikelywasatanygivenpointofits28-yearlife.Todoso,theresearcherscloselystudieda1.8-meter-longmammothtusk(象牙)datingbackaround17,100years.Mammothtusksgrowbyaddinglayersoftissuealmostdaily,formingringslikeatreethatcanrevealdetailedinformation.Themainthingtheresearchersanalyzedwasstrontiumisotopes(锶同位素),whichcanactalmostlikeanancientGPS.Differentareashavedifferentisotopicfeatures,whichstartinmineralsdeepundergroundandmaketheirwaytothetopoftheland,intoplantsandwater.Finally,theycanbeseenontheanimalsthatconsumethoseplantsandwater.PreviousstudieshadproducedanisotopicmapofAlaskabyanalyzingisotopesintheteethofhundredsofsmallanimals,whichdon'ttravelfarintheirlifetimesandsorepresentalocalarea.Theresearcherscanthencompareisotopicsignalsfromeachpartofthemammoth'stusktothismap,togetanideaofwherethemammothmostlikelywanderedthroughoutitslife.Thescientistsstartedfromwhereitsremainswerefound.Workingbackwards,thescientiststhenlookedattheisotopicfeatureofwherethemammothwasaboutaweekbeforedeath,thensearchedthemapforthebestmatchinanearbyarea.Amodelthenworkedbackwardsstepwisetodeterminethemostlikelyroutesthemammothmighthavetaken.Accordingtotheresearch,themammothseemstohavespenthisearlyyearsintheYukonRiverBasinandAlaska,constantlytrekkingbetweenseveralterritoriesinapredictablepattern.Theteamsaysthatthisbehaviorseemstobelikemodernelephants,movingregularlyfromplacetoplace.8.Whatisthekeytoreadingthemammoth'stusk?A.Thelengthofthetusk. B.Theageofthemammoth.C.Theareathemammothlivedin. D.Thetissuefoundinthetusk'slayers.9.Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A.Plantsandwateraremaincarriersofisotopes.B.Theisotopesinthetuskcamefromtheunderground.C.Itwasdifficulttoanalyzetheisotopicfeaturesofanarea.D.Theresearchersweresurprisedtofindisotopesinthetusk.10.Howdopreviousstudiesbenefitthepresentone?A.Byexplainingthesignificanceoftusks.B.ByrecordingtheanimalspeciesofAlaska.C.Byofferingresearchersamaptocomparewith.D.Byprovingthepossibilityofanalyzingisotopes.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"trekking"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Lookingforfood. B.Escapingfromdangers.C.Makingalongjourney. D.Sendingwarningsignals.DFrompeople'sbrains,asongwasjustpickedbyscientists.Inanewexperiment,electrodes(电极)measuredtheirbrainactivityastheylistenedtoasong.Fromthosemeasurements,acomputercouldthenproducenoisesthatsoundedlikethesongthepeoplehadheard.The29participantswereinthehospitalandhadelectrodesfixedintheirbrains.Theseelectrodesweremeanttotrackthesourceoftheirepilepsy(癫痫),adisorderofthenervoussystem.Forpartofthattime,theylistenedtoasong-PinkFloyd's1979hitAnotherBrickintheWall.Butinthisexperiment,theresearchersfoundanadditionalusefortheelectrodes.Theyusedthemtocatchtheelectricalsignalsmovingbetweenbraincells,orneurons(神经元).Neuronsrespondedtothesong-especiallyinpartsofthebraininvolvedinprocessingsound.Electrodesdetectedneuralsignalsassociatedwithhearingrhythm,harmonyandotheraspectsofmusic.Withthatinformation,theteambuiltacomputermodeltocreatesoundsbasedonbrainactivity.Anditwasabletoproducenoisesthatsoundedliketheoriginalsong."It'sarealtourdeforce,"saysRobertZatorre,aneuroscientistinCanada."You'rerecordingtheactivityofneuronsdirectlyfromthebrain,soyougetverydirectinformationaboutexactlywhatthepatternsofactivityare."Thenewstudyalsohighlightswhichpartsofthebrainrespondtodifferentaspectsofmusic.TakeoneknownastheSuperiorTemporalGyrus(STG),anareaofthebrainthatisinchargeofsoundandlanguage.It'sfoundinthelowermiddleofeachsideofthebrain.ActivityinonepartoftheSTGgotstrongerattheonsetofspecificsounds.Saywhenaguitarnoteplayed.AnotherareaoftheSTGbecameobviouslymoreactivewhenitheardsinging.12.Theapplicationofdetectingsignalsbytheelectrodesis________.A.animproperpractice B.anunintentionalmoveC.anefficienttrackingmethod D.aneffectiveapproachtotreatingepilepsy13.Whatwasthecomputermodelintendedtodo?A.Detectneuralsignals. B.Monitorbrainactivity.C.Analyzedifferentbrainactivities. D.Interpretneuralsignalsintomusic.14.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttoshowinthelastparagraph?A.Thebrainiscomprisedofdifferentareas.B.Thenewstudyprovesthecomplexityofthebrain.C.Differentbrainareaspickupvariousaspectsofmusic.D.Differentstylesofmusiccausedifferentbrainactivities.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.NewFieldsforMusicStudy B.ReproduceMusicfromtheBrainC.ARealBlessingforMusicLovers D.CreateComputerModelsforBrainResearch第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Badthoughtscantroubleyoufordays,weeks,ormonths.Whileyoushouldalwaysseekhelpifyouconstantlysufferfrombadthoughts,youcanworkthroughthemonyourowninmanycases.16Thisispossiblytheeasiestwaytostartaddressingyourproblems.Toooftenyoubelieveyouaretheonlyonewithproblems,orthatnooneunderstandswhatyouaregoingthrough.Butbadthoughtsarepartoflifeand,mostimportantly,theywillgoaway.Thinkaboutwhatmakesthethought"bad".Whyareyouupsetaboutit?17Badthoughtsexistbecauseyoufeelashamed,angry,orunsure,sothinkingaboutwhyyouarecaughtonthesamethoughtcanhelpaddresstheproblem.18Gettingyourbadthoughtsintotheopenisagreatwaytoworkthroughwhatmakesthemsobad.Ithelpsyourealizethatthethoughtisnotasbadasitseemed.19Simplytellingyourthoughtsinacomfortablesettingmaybeenoughtoremovethem.Literally"throwyourproblemaway".Thismaysoundstrangeandunusual,butpeoplewhowritedowntheirbadthoughtsandthrowthepaperawayhaveabetterself-imagethanpeoplewhokeepthepaper.Bydoingthis,youcantellyourbodythatitistimetomoveon.20A.Whatismakingitstickinyourhead?B.Howcanyousolveitasquicklyaspossible?C.Rememberthatoccasionalbadthoughtsarenormal.D.Talkthroughyourbadthoughtswithsomeoneyoutrust.E.Evenifasituationisn'tidealorisdifficult,youcanstillbeokay.F.Also,someonewithsimilaranxietiesmayofferyouvaluableadvice.G.Justemptyingyourcomputer'strashbin(垃圾箱)hasthesameeffect.第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。WhenDeJuanwasinfourthgrade,hedidn'thavethemoneyforschoollunch."Iwouldn'thavemadeitwithoutgeneroushelpfromothers,"saidDeJuan,now15.Thisyear,DeJuan21moneyontheInternet."Iwantedtodosomethingto22otherkidsgetthehelpneeded."DeJuan's23wastocollect$200tohelpparentsinhiscommunitypayfortheirkids'school24.Inlessthantwoweeks,hereceived$400.Hewentbacktohis25school,McCurdyElementaryand26theheadteacherwithacheck.NowDeJuanisraisingmoneyto27theentireHazelwoodSchoolDistrict,which28morethan30schools."Sometimes,schoollunchistheonlymealakidcan29,"hesaysonhisGoFundMepage."Food30isahugeissue,andIamdoingwhatIcanto31it."AsofSeptember23,donationstotalednearly$10,000.Besidestakingcareofotherkids'meals,DeJuanalsokeepshimself32byrunningTeamTechBoy,abusinesshestartedtoencouragekids'interestinSTEM(science,technology,engineering,mathematics).Andhehas33twoSTEM-themedcomicbooksbasedonhisownunderstandingofSTEMeducation."34reallywarmsmyheart,"DeJuansays."ThefactthatI'vebeenableto35others'livespositivelygivesmeareallygoodfeeling."21.A.borrowed B.raised C.earned D.wasted22.A.announce B.indicate C.ensure D.admit23.A.limit B.duty C.goal D.promise24.A.meals B.services C.repairs D.projects25.A.musical B.favorite C.special D.old26.A.helped B.presented C.blessed D.confused27.A.support B.acknowledge C.evaluate D.investigate28.A.surprises B.includes C.inspires D.convinces29.A.carrywith B.dependon C.worryabout D.preparefor30.A.production B.transportation C.quality D.insecurity31.A.detect B.know C.handle D.expose32.A.occupied B.qualified C.noticed D.amazed33.A.digested B.read C.donated D.written34.A.Holdingon B.Writingdown C.Speakingup D.Givingback35.A.impact B.observe C.approach D.report第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinaistheworld'slargestteaproducer,exporter,andconsumer.In2022,Chinaproduced3.35millionmetrictonsoftea,36(account)fornearlyhalfoftheglobalteaproduction.Atpresent,however,thedigitalizationis37theteaindustryneedsmost."Withthedevelopmentofeconomy,theteaproductionareainChina38(experience)fastdevelopmentbutfaceschallengessuchasold-fashionedproductionandmanagementmethods,"saidJiangRenhua,39teaexpert,attheopeningceremonyofthe32ndChinaTeaScienceandTechnologyAnnualConferenceinQingdao.40(address)theindustry'schallenges,Jiangsuggestedacomprehensive(全面的)digitaltransformationthatcoverseveryaspectoftheteaproductionchain,frompicking41processingandsales.Theconceptofintelligentteagardens42(be)anotableexample.Withthehelpofmoderntechnologies,teagrowerscanmonitorthegrowthofteatreesandtheirsurroundingsmoreprecisely(准确地).Inspiteofthesignificantprogress43(achieve)inmonitoringmethods,challengesremain.High-performancesensorsthatcan44(accurate)detectthesoilareinhighdemandbutstilllimitedinavailability.Researchanddevelopmentefforts,aswellastheinstallation(安装)ofsuchsensors,facechallengesduetothediversesoil45(condition)intea-growingareas.第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）第一节（满分15分）假定你是李华，你校交换生Ben希望向你学做一道有代表性的中国美食，以便他回国时做给家人品尝。请你给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1.推荐美食；2.推荐理由；3.制订计划（学做美食的时间、地点等）。注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearBen,Yours,LiHua第二节（满分25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Itwasahotsummerdaywhenmyworldturnedupsidedown.Thesunshonebrightlyandtheskyseemedtobepaintedinanendlessshadeofblue.LittledidIknowthatthisparticulardaywouldbecomerootedinmymemoryforever.Iwokeupwithasenseofexcitement;itwasthefirstdayofthesummercamp.Ihadbeenlookingforwardtothisdayforweeks,imaginingtheadventures,newfriends,andendlessfunthatawaitedme.IquicklydressedinmyfavoritecampT-shirtandshorts,mybackpackfilledwithsnacksandawaterbottle,eagerlyanticipatingthedayahead.AsIarrivedatthecamp,theenergywascontagious(有感染力的).Theairwasfilledwithlaughter,chatter,andthepromiseofanunforgettablesummer.IquicklymadefriendswithSarah,agirlwithacontagioussmile,andwebecamereallycloseoveroursharedloveforadventure.Thecampwasawonderland,withactivitiesrangingfromsportstoartsandcrafts.IfeltlikeIwasreadytoabsorbeverybitofknowledgeandexperiencethatcamemyway.Thedaywentbyquicklyaswelaughedthroughgames,amazedatnaturehikes,andcheeredeachotheronduringvarioussportsactivities.Thesunseemedtorunagainsttheclock,remindingustoenjoyeverymomentbeforeitwastoolate.However,thedaytookanunexpectedturnwhenateacherannouncedanunexpectedactivity-ateam-buildingexerciseinvolvingahighropescourse.Ihadalwaysbeenafraidofheights,buttheexcitementofthechallengemixedwiththeencouragementfrommynewfoundfriendspushedmetogiveitatry.Standingatthebaseofthetoweringstructure,myheartracedlikearunawaytrain.Eachstepuptheladderfeltheavier.Asenseofpanicgraduallybegantocatchme.注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。AsIreachedthetopandlookeddown,Ifroze.Littlebylittle,Imadeittotheotherside.

肇庆市2023-2024学年第一学期高二年级期末教学质量检测英语参考答案及解析第一部分阅读（每小题2.5分，满分50分）第一节A篇【语篇导读】主题语境：人与社会。本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四个有特色的农场。1.A根据文章第一节中“Italsohasasmallhotelwithsevenguestrooms”可知答案。2.D根据文章第二节中“Visitthefamily-ownedWalkerHoneyFarminTexas,whereyoucantakeaguidedwalkingtourofthefarm'sfacilitiesandhearfirst-handfrombeekeepers.”和第三节中“There'salsoanoptiontotakeanamazingtourwithBillHall,athird-generationteatasterwhooverseesthedailyoperationshere.”可知答案。3.D根据文章第四节中“Toursalsoincludeglimpses(体验)ofmoviefilminglocationsforfilmslikeSecretariat,SeabiscuitandDreamer.”可知答案。B篇【语篇导读】主题语境：人与自我、人与社会。本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了为了改善气候变化而付出努力的BriannaCraft的故事。4.A根据文章第二段中“tstartedwhenshewasafreshmansittinginanenvironmentalstudiesclassin2006.Craftwasshockedwhentheprofessordescribedtheharmclimatechangewashavingonpeople.”可知答案。5.D根据文章第三段中“Thathelpedmefigureoutthatmyfuturewasnotindoingscience.”和“Instead,shewantedtoworkwithpeopleandpolicy.”可知答案。6.A根据文章第四段中“Herfocusistoensurethatthelowestcontributorstogreenhousegasesandthosemostaffectedbyclimatechangehaveavoiceininternationalclimatenegotiations.”可知答案。7.C根据整篇文章内容可知，BriannaCraft从多个维度努力，致力于改善气候变化，她的工作富有成效，因此C为最佳选项。C篇【语篇导读】主题语境：人与自然。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家通过研究一头猛犸象的象牙，发现了它生前的生活轨迹。8.D根据文章第二段中“theresearcherscloselystudieda1.8-meter-longmammothtusk(象牙)”以及“Mammothtusksgrowbyaddinglayersoftissuealmostdaily,formingringslikeatreethatcanrevealdetailedinformation.”可知答案。9.B根据文章第三段中“whichstartinmineralsdeepundergroundandmaketheirwaytothetopoftheland,intoplantsandwater.Finally,theycanbeseenontheanimalsthatconsumethoseplantsandwater.”可知答案。10.C根据文章第四段中“Previousstudieshadproducedanisotopicmap”以“Theresearcherscanthencompareisotopicsignalsfromeachpartofthemammoth'stusktothismap”可知答案。11.C根据上文内容可知，科学家逐步调查这头猛犸象生前的生活轨迹，最后一段为具体的发现。“constantly,betweenseveralterritories,inapredictablepattern”和“likemodernelephants,movingregularlyfromplacetoplace”给足了提示，即这头猛犸象主要在不同的区域迁徙或游荡，因此选择C项。D篇【语篇导读】主题语境：人与社会。本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了科学家从研究对象的大脑中提取出声音，并通过技术手段还原出音乐。12.B根据文章第二段中“Theseelectrodesweremeanttotrackthesourceoftheirepilepsy(癫痫)”及“Butinthisexperiment,theresearchersfoundanadditionalusefortheelectrodes.Theyusedthemtocatchtheelectricalsignalsmovingbetweenbraincells,orneurons(神经元).”可知答案。13.D根据文章第三段中“Withthatinformation,theteambuiltacomputermodeltocreatesoundsbasedonbrainactivity.Anditwasabletoproducenoisesthatsoundedliketheoriginalsong.”可知答案。14.C根据文章最后一段中“Thenewstudyalsohighlightswhichpartsofthebrainrespondtodifferentaspectsofmusic.”可知案。15.B根据文章第一段中“Frompeople'sbrains,asongwasjustpickedbyscientists.”，并结合文内容可知，B项符合题意。第二节【语篇导读】主题语境：人与自我。本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了应对“不好的想法”的一些技巧。16.C根据答题空后面的内容可知，作者在解释人人都会有不好的想法，它们是生活中的一部分，因此C项在首句位置最佳。17.A本段首句建议读者思考什么导致想法糟糕，第二句是建议读者思考为什么对这种想法心烦意乱，第三句继续用问题引发读者思考：是什么导致这个想法萦绕心头，因此A项最符合逻辑。18.D本段给读者的建议是将自己的想法告诉别人以及这样做的好处，因此D项符合题意。19.F本段给读者的建议是将自己的想法告诉别人以及这样做的好处，F项是这样做的好处之一。20.G本段的建议是抛掉不好的想法，并且引用了研究结论来佐证，G项符合本段主题。第二部分语言运用（满分30分）第一节（每小题1分，满分15分）【语篇导读】主题语境：人与自我、人与社会。本文是一篇人物报道，主要讲述了一个名叫DeJuan的15岁少年，积极投身公益，回馈社会的故事。21.B根据下文“collect$200tohelpparentsinhiscommunitypayfor”可知，“raised”符合语境。22.C根据