文档英语常见语法错误大全

学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载学习好资料欢迎下载Ignore错:Theyalwaysignorethattheircountryattackedusfirst对：Theyalwaysignorethefactthattheircountryattackedusfirst\Ill错Somepeoplecannotaffordtoseeadoctor对Somepeoplewhoareill/sickcannotaffordtoseeadoctorSomesickpeoplecannotaffordtoseeadoctorImagine错Icannotimaginetoliveinacoldclimate对Icannotimaginelivinginacoldclimate我们通常用imagine(someone)doingsomething(不是todosomething):Ican’timagineEricgettingupatfiveinthemorningjusttojustgofishingImmediately错Theywanttophonethemimmediatelythebabywillbeborn对TheywanttophonethemimmediatelythebabyisbornImportance错Whydotheyattachsuchsuchagreetimportancetothematter?对Whydotheyattachsuchgreatimportancetothematter?Importance是个不可数名词，没有复数形式。Important错Winninghasneverbeenimportantforme对Winninghasneverbeenimportanttome\如果我们关心某事，表达非常重要的意思时，我们说“itisimportanttous”Whatthecriticssayisnotimportanttosomewriters,butitistome.Ourfriendshipisveryimportanttome.In1错IvisitmyparentsabouttwoorthreetimeinayearThereshouldbeatutorialatleastonceineverytwoweeks对IvisitmyparentsabouttwoorthreetimesayearThereshouldbeatutorialatleastonceeverytwoweeks提到频率时，我们不用in。比较：InthelastsixmonthshehasmadethreetripstoLondon.2错Iam,goingtoAthensin2othDecember.对IamgoingtoAthenson20thDecember.明确的日子前用介词on:onTuesday、on22ndJune错Inthefollowingmorninghecametoseemeagain对Onthefollowingmorninghecametoseemeagain.我们说inthemorning/afternoon/evening,但我们也说onthefollowingmorning/.afternoon/evening。例句也可以这样说：Thefollowingmorninghecametoseemeagain不过，这种说法没明显不正式。4错I’mplanningtovisitEnglandinthebeginningdoFebruary.对I’mplanningtovisitEnglandatthebeginningofFebruary.我们说inaparticularmonth,也说atthebeginning/endofaparticularmonth。比较：I’mplanningtovisitEnglandinFebruary.5错Itwasthehappiesttimeinmulife.对Itwasthehappiesttimeofmylife.在最高级后面，我们通常用“of+时期”：thebusiestdayoftheweek、thecoldestnightoftheyear.6错Unempolymentisamajorprobleminthesedays对UnemploymentisamajorproblemthesedaysThesedays或nowadays前面不用in(也不用其他介词)但是，请比较：inthosedaysmyhairverylong.7错Ilivein40AlexandraStreet对Iliveat40Alexandrastreet街道（street）、马路（road）名前有数字时，我们用at.比较:ShelivesinLimeTreeAvenueShelivesat35LimeTreeAvenue8错Youcouldsmellthepaintinthewholebuilding对Youcouldsmellthepaintalloverbuilding我们用allover/throughout+建筑物/地区名？国家名等。表达“整个地区”的概念：TheseplantsarefoundalloverKoreaHisbooksareenjoyedbychildrenthroughouttheworldInconvenience错Wewishtoapologizetolocalresidentsforanyinconveniencescaused对Wewishtoapologizetolocalresidentsforanyinconveniencescause当它笼统地址问题困难时，inconvenience是个不可数名词。比较：Heavytrafficcongestionwasjustoneofseveralinconveniencescausedbytheroadworksincrease错Thesehasbeenanincreaseofthenumberofthepeoplewhosufferfromheartdisease对Thesehasbeenanincreaseinthenumberofthepeoplewhosufferfromheartdisease我们通常用anincreaseinsomething不用of：TheseimprovementshaveledtoanincreaseinlifeexpectancyIndeed错Weknewlittleindeedaboutwhereweweregoing对Weknewverylittleaboutwhereweweregoing如果词组以indeed结尾，那么该词组要求以very开头：ThankyouverymuchindeedIhadverygoodtimeindeedIndirectobjects1错Atbedtime,Ialwaysreadtothechildrenastory对Atbedtime,Ialwaysreadthechildrenastory错Igavetothemanallthemoneythatwasinmypocket对Igavethemanallthemoneythatwasinmypocket当间接宾语在直接宾语前时，通常我们不用to或for。比较：Hegave+themoney+toTrevor（直接宾语+间接宾语）Hegave+Trevor+money（间接宾语+直接宾语）I’vegot+someflowers+forher（直接宾语+间接宾语）I’vegot+her+someflowers(间接宾语+直接宾语)也有两个例外2错Ihadn’tseenmyauntforalongtimeanddecidedtopayavisittoher对Ihadn’tseenmyauntforalongtimeanddecidedtopayheravisit如果其中一个宾语是代词，那么这个代词要紧跟在动词之后：IthinkI’llsend+it+toyourparentsWhydon’tyougive+him+youraddress在pay（someone）avisit、give(someone)achance、make(some)anoffer、tell（someone）thetruth中，直接宾语几乎总是放在后面：Whydidn’tyoutell+them/yourparents+thetruth?3错Hehasboughtaveryexpensivediamondnecklaceforhiswife对Hehasboughthiswifeaveryexpensivediamondnecklace当直接宾语比间接宾语长时，间接宾语要紧跟在动词之后（不用to/for）。比较：Wesent+aletter+toallthecustomersonoutmailinglistWesent+allourcustomers+aletterexplainingthereasonsforthepriceincreases在任何句子中，短的或简单的部分总要放在长的或复杂部分的前面。这被称为“句尾重心”4错Whatalovelydress!Didsomeonemakeyou?对Whatalovelydress!Didsomeonemakeitforyou?当直接宾语和间接宾语都是代词时，我们通常用to/for修饰间接宾语，并把它放在最后：Whendidyoulend+it+tohim?Shehasofferedtowrite+it+formeIwouldn’ttell+this+toeveryoneIndirect/reportedspeech:commands错Itoldthedriverletmeoutatthetrafficlights对Itoldthedrivertoletmeoutatthetrafficslights错Shewarnedhimdon’tgoneatthedog对Shewarnedhimnottogotonearthedog祈使句不用在间接引语中。比较：TurnrightatthebankHetoldmetoturnrightatthebankDon’tbothersendingmeaninvitationShetoldmenottobothersendingheraninvitation转述“建议或命令”我们用（not）+to–不定式。Indirect/reportedspeech:questions错Canyourememberwhatwasshewearing?对Canyouremembershewaswearing?错SheaskedmewheredidIlearntoEnglish对SheaskedmeIlearnedtospeakEnglish如果wh-分句在另一分句中，那么wh-分句的主语要放在动词的前面。比较：Wherehasshegone？Hewantstoknow+whereshehasgoneWhattimeisit?Doyouknow+whattimeitis?这是我们不用助动词do。比较：Wheredosehework?Doyouknow+whereheworks?2错HeaskedmeinwhatIwasinterested对HeaskedmewhatIwasinterestedin?\介词in通常放在wh-词语之前：IwouldliketoknowtowhomthelettershouldbeaddressedIndirect/reportedspeech:reportingverbs1错Thedoctorreassuredthatmyproblemwasnotserious对Thedoctorreassuredmethatmyproblemwasnotserious一些引述动词的后面要出现“听者”。这样的词有：“advise,assure,convince,inform,notify,persuade,reassure,remind,tell”2错Shesaidthedoctorthatshewasunabletosleep对Shetoldthedoctorthatshewasunabletosleep错Sherepliedmethattherewasnohotwater对Sherepliedthattherewasnohotwater另一些引述动词的后面不出现“听者”。这样的词有：“argue,deny,enquire,insist,reply,say”.3错Sheinformedtoherbossthatsheneededalargeroffice对Sheinformedherbossthatsheneededalargeroffice错Iaskedtotheairhostessiftherewereanyemptyseats对Iaskedtotheairhostessiftherewereanyemptyseats有些引述动词后面的“听者“前。要加to。这样的词有：“ask,assure,convince.Inform,persuade,promise,remind,tell”。Indirect/reportedspeech:tenses1错Shetoldmethatsheislookingforthemuseum对Shetoldmethatshewaslookingforthemuseum错MrsLeewonderedwherehersonhasgone对MrsLeewonderedwherehersonhadgone错Hethinksthatoutputlevelswerelikelytodeclineoverthenexttwelvemonths对Hethinkthatoutputlevelsarelikelytodeclineoverthenexttwelvemonths对Hethoughtthatoutputlevelswerelikelytodeclineoverthenexttwelvemonths如果某人说“Iwanttogohome”，我们有两种句式转述这句话。句式A：Shesaysthatshewantstogohome.句式B：Shesaidthatshewantedtogohome当我们马上引述别人说的话是，通常用句式A。在这个句式中，引述动词用现在时态（say），引述分句中的动词（wants）和直接引语中的动词（want）也是用同样的时态当我们过了一段时间再引述别人说的话时，通常用句式B。在这个句式中，引述动词用过去时态。直接引语中的动词也要改变，用过去时态：直接引语IamlateI’mgoinghomeIhaven’tseenhimbeforeWherehashegone?间接引语ShesaidshewaslateShesaidshewasgoinghomeShesaidshehadn’tseenhimbeforeShewonderedwherehehadgone?如果引述动词是过去时，那么直接引语中的动词时态通常需要改变。注意：如果引述的时候呢，引述的内容依然成立，那么就有两种选择：Shetoldmethatshehas/hadtwobrothers2错Theairhostesstoldthemantocallherifhewouldfeelillagain对Theairhostesstoldthemantocallherifhefeltillagain如果引述动词用过去时态（told）,而直接引语用的是一般现在时（callmeifyoufellill…….），那么通常在简介引语中要改用一般过去时（ifhefelt）。3错IdecidedthatonceIwouldhavefinishedsecondaryschool,Iwouldgotouniversity对IdecidedthatonceIhadfinishedsecondaryschool,Iwouldgotouniversity如果引述动词用过去时态（decided）,而直接引语用的是现在完成时（例如：onceIhavefinished….）。4错Sheapologizedandsaidthatshewon’tdoitagain对Sheapologizedandsaidthatshewouldn’tdoitagain错Shewantedtoknowwhenshecangohome对Shewantedtoknowwhenshecouldgohome如果引述动词用过去时态（said,wantedtoknow）,情态动词通常要变成其过去形式。直接引语IcanseeherWhencanIgo?I’llseeyoulaterIwon’tdoitagainImaybelate间接引语HesaidhecouldseeherHesaidhewouldseemelaterShesaidshewouldn’tdoitagainHesaidhemightbelate5错Shethreatenedthatifhedoesnotleaveheralone,shewouldcallthepolice对Shethreatenedthatifhedidnotleaveheralone,shewouldcallpolice当引语中的一个条件句时，我们通常用与相应的时态。比较：Shesaysthatifshehasthetime,shewillcomeShesaidthatifshehadthetime,shewouldcomeShesaidthatifshehadhadthetime,shewouldhavecomeInferior1错Thereisnoreasonatallforyoutofeelinferiorthanhim对Thereisnoreasonatallforyoufeelinferior(tohim)当我们在inferior后面提到某人或某物时，用to不用than。2错Somewomenfeelmoreinferioriftheydonothaveacareer对SomewomenfeelinferioriftheydonothaveacareerInferior本身有比较的含义，不要和more连用Infintives:form,1错Itcostthegovernment$15milliontobuilttheschool对Itcostthegovernment$15milliontobuildtheschool错Ididn’twanthismothertomisunderstoodme对Ididn’twanthismothertomisunderstandme现在不定式（presentinfinitive.通常直接被称为不定式）就是所谓的动词原形，动词的基本形式，也就是我们字典中所查的单词的形式。例如：be,go,build,misunderstand。跟其他不定式不一样，现在不定式要跟不定式标记连用：tobe,togo,tobuild等。2错Thetrainshouldarriveat8:25,butitwasalmostanhourlate对Thetrainshouldhavearrivedat8:25,butitwasalmostanhourlate错Becausetheballhadburst,theairpressuremaybetoogreat对Becausetheballhadburst,theairpressuremayhavebeentoogreat当某事已经发生了或者说认为某事已经发生了，我们用完成体的不定式（perfectinfinitive）。比较：ThelettershouldarrivetomorrowThelettershouldhavearrivedyesterday3错Thepolicemadeeveryonetoleavethebuildingimmediately对Thepolicemadeeveryoneleavethebuildingimmediately4错Shefeltthatshecouldnevertogohomeagain对Shefeltthatshecouldnevergohomeagain情态动词后面跟不带to的不定式我们通常把not和never放在to-不定式中的to的前面。6错Whatyoumustneverdoistogivethemyourhomeaddress对Whatyoumustneverdoisgivethemyourhomeaddress错Allcoulddowastocry对AllIcoulddowascry’为了强调一个动作，我们通常用这个句型：what/all+主语+do+be+动词不定式短语。比较：SheclosedallthewindowsWhatshedidwas(to)closeallthewindowsTheyputlettersintotheenvelopesAlltheydois(to)putlettersintoenvelopes动词不定式的通常形式是动词原形或to+动词原形。但是，如果在动词do之前我们用的是must,should,can,.Will,等情态动词，那么后面必须用动词原形：Whatyoushouldn’tdoisgivehimyouaddressAllIcoulddowasjustsitandwait7错Sheinvitedmetositdownandtohavesomethingtodrink对Sheinvitedmetositdownandhavesomethingtodrink错