北京市丰台区2023-2024学年高一下学期4月期中考试英语（B卷）

丰台区20232024学年度第二学期期中练习高一英语（B卷）考试时间：90分钟笔试（共三部分100分）第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Thoughnewtermhadbegunforweeks,thenewgirlMollystillremained1aroundherclassmates.Nowshewassittingatthepicnictablealone.Sheseemedunsureofwhattodoorsay,yetIcouldseehereyeslongingfor2.Brianna,theclassclown,wasstandingneartheplaygroundmakingtheotherstudentslaugh,asusual.“Brianna,Mollylooksawfully3.ouldyouinvitehertojoinus?”Isaid.Briannasighed.Icouldtellthatshewas4todowhatIwasaskingofher,butIalsoknewshewassosweetandkind.Ihadspecifically5herforthistask.Shelookedatherfriends,thenatolly.Knowingthischoicewas6her,IreachedintomypocketandpulledoutaDbuck,ourclasscurrency(货币).Ineededto7hercooperation.“Here,I’ll8youforyourtime.”Sheofferedaninsinceresmile,graspedthegreenpaper,andheadedoff.Iwatchedcloselyasthegirlstalked.Whentheyfinallywalkedbacktogether,Isighedwith9.Aminutelater,BriannacamebackandhandedmetheDbuck.“Ishouldn’tkeepthis.”Hereyesfelltoherfeet,10radiatingfromherquietvoice.“Idon’twantMollytothinkIonlywenttogethersoIcouldearnaDbuck.She’smyfriend.”ThenBriannaskippedbacktoamuseherclassmatesagain,andwholaughedforthefirsttimethatweek?Molly.1.A.satisfied B.surprised C.awkward D.ashamed2.A.trust B.acceptance C.understanding D.respect3.A.angry B.puzzled C.serious D.lonely 4.A.unwilling B.eager C.determined D.disappointed5.A.studied B.selected C.supported D.examined6.A.forting B.warning C.paining D.protecting7.A.consider B.permit C.check D.ensure8.A.help B.pay C.prepare D.forgive9.A.relief B.concern C.sorrow D.regret10.A.excitement B.courage C.guilt D.impatience第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。ATheworldwillobserveInternationalMuseumDayonMay18th.Since1977,thisday11(celebrate)bytheInternationalCouncilofMuseumsannuallytoraiseawarenessoftherolethatmuseumsplayinthedevelopmentofsociety.Thedayisanexcellentwayof12(get)moreoftheyoungergenerationsinterestedinthehistoryandcultureavailableinmuseums.Everyyear,theorganization13(decide)onanewtheme.Andthethemefor2023isMuseums,SustainabilityandWellbeing.BIama22yearoldartist.Myjourneythroughartledmetobeinganenvironmentalist.14weconsiderwastemaybeusefulwhenwethinkaboutitinadifferentlight.Althoughlargely15(ignore),materialsthrownawayprovideplentyofresourcesforusartiststogivethemasecondlife.Inmyhands,glassbottles,plasticbags,andotherwaste16(item)beeaformofsustainableart.Iwanttomotivatethepeoplewhobuythistypeofarttocontributetotheplanet’swelfare.CReadingisauniquehumanexperience.Justbyskimmingoureyesoversomewords,wecan17(mental)travelacrosstimeandspace.Butreadingcanalsobehard,especiallywhenwe’refacedwithadifficulttext.18(make)itaneasier,morerewardingexperienceyou’dreadinprintwhenpossible.Onereasonfordoingsoisthatoureyesarelesslikelytoskimpastprintedwordsthanthose19screen.Plus,consumingcontentonaphysicalpagehelpsthebrainmakeamentalmapoftheinformation,20inturnmakesiteasiertorememberdetailsinfuture.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分）第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AImmersiveVanGoghFromthecreatorsoftheblockbustershowinParisseenbyovertwomillionvisitorsandstillwowingcrowdsinToronto,thewestcoastpremiere(首场)oftheImmersiveVanGoghExhibitwillbringtheartofVincenttolifeinLosAngeles.Immersiveartisnotjustatechnicalwaytorepresentvideoandaudioinhugespaces.Theword

immersive

indicatesadeepmitmentofintentionswhichconnectimagesandsoundsinawaythattheaudienceisabletoexperienceadifferentwayoftheart.Truetoitsname,thisexhibitiontransformstheiconic(偶像的)paintingsofVincentvanGoghintomoving,wallfillingprojections.“ImmersiveVanGogh”promiseshalfamillioncubicfeetofprojectionsthatpullfromsomeofthepostimpressionist’smostrecognizablepieces,includingTheBedroom,Sunflowersand,yes,TheStarryNight.Youwillexperienceartlikeneverbefore—loseyourselfinentrancing,movingimagesthathighlightbrushstrokes,detail,andcolor—trulyilluminating(照亮)themindofthegenius.LOCATION TICKETPRICESVIPTICKETS—$99.99PriorityaccessVanGoghcushion(agiftforyou)LimitededitionposterPREMIUMTICKETS—$59.99VanGoghcushion(rental)LimitededitionposterBASICTICKETS—$54.99AdmissiononlyCHILDTICKETS—$29.99Ages6—16(children5andunderdonotrequireaticket)AdmissiononlyChildticketsarenotsubjecttochangeofdatefees Ticketsareavailableonlineat.GIFTSHOP StopbyourExhibitGiftShoptotakethemagicofVanGoghhomewithyou!Fromclothingandjewelrytohomedécor,children’sbooks,andsomuchmore,youwillfinduniqueandthoughtfulsouvenirsattheImmersiveVanGoghExhibit.Alsobesuretocheckoutatouronlinestore! ExperiencetheorganiclandscapesofVanGogh’simagination,andjourneythroughhisbrillianceandmadnessinapletelynewandunforgettableway.21.Accordingtothepassage,theImmersiveVanGoghExhibit________.A.presentsVanGogh’sartinamodernwayB.beginsajourneytoVanGogh’shometownC.displaysVanGogh’spaintingsonmovingwallsD.designsprojectsonVanGogh’slearningexperience22.Fromwherecanpeoplefindinformationabouttheexactlocationoftheexhibit?A.Theticketoffice. B.Awebsite.C.Anemail. D.Thegiftshop.23.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha5yearoldchildwhowouldliketoownaVanGoghcushionatleastpayforthevisit?A.$109.98. B.$154.98.C.$ 159.98. D.$199.98. BNickTorrance,ajuniorinhighschool,suffersfrommusculardystrophy(肌肉萎缩症),andattendsschoolinaspecializedwheelchair.Themusclediseasepreventshimfromacplishingmanyeverydaytasks,suchascarryinghisbooksandputtingthingsawayinhislocker.Sohehadafellowstudentassignedtohelphim.ButAmySmith,theschool’soccupationaltherapist(治疗师),thoughtthatbeingabletodosomethingsimplelikeopeninghislockeronhisownwouldbeempowering.Amyinitiallythoughttheywouldbeabletobuyadevicetohelp.Butsearchingonlineturnedupnothingthatcouldmeettheirneeds—everythingneededakeycodeorsomeotherphysicalaction,thingsherdisabledstudentcouldn’tdo.Aftertheoutsidesearchforamethodcameupshort,shelookedwithintheschoolitselfforananswer.Amyturnedtotheschool’sroboticsinstructor.Theinstructor,inturn,suggestedthattwoofhismostcapablestudentstakeontheproject:MicahStuhldreherandWyattSmrcka.Theytookfirstplaceinanationalroboticspetition,sotheywereanaturalchoicetotacklethelockerdoorproblemwitharoboticssolution.MicahandWyattwastednotimegettingdowntoworkandforanhoureachschoolday,theboysbrainstormed,built,andrebuiltvariousversionsofthedeviceuntiltheylandedontheperfectsolutiononeyearlater.Likeinanydevicedevelopment,ittookalotoftrialanderrorforMicahandWyatttomakesomethingthatwouldworkfortheirtargetaudience.Forexample,theyinitiallybuiltalockeropeningbutton,butNickwasn’tstrongenoughtopushit,sotheyreplaceditwithasensor.Now,betweenclassesNicksteershiselectricwheelchairtohislockerandwaveshishandoverasensoronthearmofthewheelchair.Afewsecondslater,thelockerdoorswingsopen.Anotherwaveclosesthedoor.Nickcanmakeitwithease—itmaybeasmallthing,butitgiveshimasenseofindependence.24.WhydidAmySmithwantadevice?A.Toincreaseherstudent’sconfidence.B.Toencouragecooperationatschool.C.Toinspirearoboticsinvention.D.Tohelptreatamuscledisease.25.Withasensorinhiswheelchair,Nickcan________.A.movearoundeasily B.puthisthingsawayC.continuehisschooling D.openandclosehislocker26.Accordingtothepassage,whichwordscanbestdescribeMicahandWyatt?A.Caringandpassionate. B.Talentedandambitious.C.Sensitiveandinsightful. D.Honestandwarmhearted. CHumans’overconsumption(过度消费)ofresourcesisaleadingcontributortoglobalclimatechange,saysUniversityofArizonaresearcherSabrinaHelm.Therefore,it’sincreasinglyimportanttounderstandthechoicesconsumersmakeandhowthosedecisionsaffectthehealthofaplanetwithlimitedresources.Inanewstudy,publishedinthejournalYoungConsumers,Helmandhercolleaguesexplorehowmaterialisticvaluesinfluenceproenvironmentalbehaviorsinmillennials(千禧一代),whoarenowthenation’smostinfluentialgroupofconsumers.Theresearchersfocusedontwomaincategoriesofproenvironmentalbehaviors:reducedconsumption,whichincludesactionslikerepairinginsteadofreplacingolderitems;and“greenbuying,”orpurchasingproductsdesignedtolimitenvironmentalimpacts.Theresearchersalsolookedathowengaginginproenvironmentalbehaviorsaffectsconsumerwellbeing.Morematerialisticparticipants,theresearchersfound,wereunlikelytoengageinreducedconsumption.However,materialismdidnotseemtohaveaneffectontheirlikelihoodofpracticing“greenbuying.”That’sprobablybecause“greenbuying,”unlikereducedconsumption,stilloffersawayformaterialiststofulfilltheirdesiretogetnewitems,Helmsaid.Studyparticipantswhoreportedhavingfewermaterialisticvaluesweremuchmorelikelytoengageinreducedconsumption.Consuminglesswas,inturn,linkedtohigherpersonalwellbeingandlowerpsychologicalsuffering.Greenbuying—whichmayhavesomepositiveenvironmentaleffects,althoughtoasmallerdegreethanreducedconsumption—wasnotfoundtoimproveconsumerwellbeing,Helmsaid.Thetakehomemessageforconsumers:“Thekeyistoreduceconsumptionandnotjustbuygreenstuff.Havinglessandbuyinglesscanactuallymakeusmoresatisfiedandhappier,”Helmsaid.“Ifyouhavealotofstuff,youhavealotonyourmind,”shesaid.“Forexample,itrequiresmaintenanceandthere’salotofburdensofownership,andifyourelieveyourselfofthatburdenofownership,mostpeoplereportfeelingalotbetterandfreer.”Helmandhercolleaguesadditionallylookedathowmaterialismaffectsmillennialconsumers’proactivefinancialbehaviors,suchasbudgetingandsaving.Examiningfinancialbehaviorsalongsideproenvironmentalbehaviorsprovidesapictureofhowyoungadultsproactivelydealwithresourcelimitationsintwocontexts:environmentalandfinancial,Helmsaid.Asexpected,Helmandhercolleaguesfoundthatthosewhoreportedhavingmorematerialisticvaluesengagedinfewerproactivefinancialbehaviorsthantheirlessmaterialisticcounterparts(对应的人).Theresearchersalsofoundthat,consistentwithpreviousstudies,proactivefinancialbehaviorswereassociatedwithbetterpersonalwellbeing,lifesatisfactionandfinancialsatisfaction,aswellaslowerpsychologicalsuffering.Understandinghowmaterialisticvaluesimpactconsumerbehaviors,andhowthosebehaviorsinturnaffectpersonalandenvironmentalwellbeing,isimportant,Helmsaid.However,sheacknowledgesthatformanyconsumers,shiftingbehaviorstobemorefinanciallyproactiveandconsumelesswillbechallenging.27.Whatdoweknowaboutproenvironmentalbehaviors? A.Theyareacauseofclimatechange. B.Theyleadtoamoresatisfyinglife. C.Theyvaryindifferentagegroups. D.Theyareaffectedbymaterialism.28.ItcanbelearnedfromHelm’sstudythat________. A.ownershipofgreenproductsbringsasenseofhappiness B.materialistspreferpracticinggreenbuyingtobuyingless C.greenbuyinghelpscontrolpeople’sdesiretobuynewitems D.buyinglessandgreenbuyinghavesimilareffectsonpeople29.Accordingtothestudy,whichofthefollowingmightimproveone’swellbeing? A.Replacingolderitems. B.Developingnewresources. C.Buyinggreenerproducts. D.Beingcarefulwithexpenses.30.WhatisHelmprobablygoingtoexplaininthenextparagraph? A.Whenpeopledevelopproactivefinancialbehaviors. B.Whichfinancialbehaviorsleadtomentalwellbeing. C.Whyitishardtochangepeople’sfinancialbehaviors. D.Howmaterialisticvaluesinfluencefinancialbehaviors. DAccordingtoa2018report,peopleagedbetween16and24makeupabout15percentofthepopulationbutonly10percentofmuseumgoers.Similarly,peopleagedover35gohalfasmuchasyouwouldexpectfromtheirpopulationsize.Wehavereachedthepointofrecognisingthedisconnectionbetweenartandtheaudiencebuthaven’tyetdeterminedhowtobridgethegap.Twoanswerstotacklingthischallengelieintellingagreaterdiversityofarthistoriesandmunicatingthesestoriesinmoreaccessibleways.In2018,aradioprogramcalledArtMatterswasstartedwiththeaimofdiscussingartfromapopcultureviewpointwithtopicsthatwouldengageyoungerandmorediverseaudience.Itoffersanaccessiblepathwaytoarthistorywithconversationsondifferenttopics.Arthistoryisaboutstorytelling;artcontentshineswhenthereisanefforttobringaudiencealongforthediscussion.Moretraditionalinstitutionsarepayingattention.RecentlytheGettyMuseumissuedasocialmediachallengeforpeopletorecreatepaintingsusingitemstheyhadathome.Usersdisplayedincrediblecreativity,andthemuseumwasfloodedwithsubmissions.Thisreactionprovesthatthereisapotentialdesirefortheaudiencetoengagewitharttopicsiftheformatisappealing.Sincemanypeoplefeelintimidatedandthinkthatthere’sabaselevelofunderstandingrequiredtojointheconversation,theGettyinitiativeservesasareminderthattherearemanypathwaystoengagingwithit.AnotherresultoftheGettychallengewastheexposuregiventoadiversityofartworks.ThefamousoperasingerPeterBrathwaite,forexample,madescoresofattractiverecreationshighlightingcenturiesofblackpaintings.Hiseffortsopposedtheideathattherewerenotmanyhistoricalpaintingsofblackfigures.Itisextremelyimportantthatwedoabetterjobofshowingtheplexanddiversestoriesthatarerepresentedinart.Socialmediahaveofferedaplatformforpeoplewhohavenottraditionallyhadaseatatthetable.Anyonecanrecogniseagapinthefieldandaddressit.Accountshavegatheredtensofthousandsoffollowers.Theyaretheproofthatthereishungertohearthesearthistories,andthesethemesworkbrilliantlyformuseumprogramming.Butthereisonlysomuchthatcanbedonewithoutthemuseumsandgallerieschangingmeaningfullyfromwithin.Weneedtoseeabetterbalanceofthesestoriesrepresentedinpermanentcollections.Wealsoneedamuchwiderdiversityofpeopleandinterestsrepresentedonboard.Ensuringthatart—andwritingandtalkingaboutart—isabletocontinueontherisinggenerationofstorytellers,insideandoutsideofinstitutions,gettingthefundingandsupporttheyneedtopaintabrighterpictureforthepart.31.Whatchallengeistheauthortryingtotackle?A.Peopledoubtagreatdiversityofartworks. B.Fewerandfeweryoungpeoplegotomuseums.C.Artappearstoodistantfrommonaudience.D.Adultaudiencehasadifferentunderstandingofart.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intimidated”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Tired. B.Worried. C.Annoyed. D.Surprised.33.Intheauthor’sopinion,themuseumsandgalleriesshould________.A.makethearthistorystoriesaccessibleinatraditionalwayB.changemeaningfullyforactivitiesliketheGettychallengeC.limitthenumberofstorytellersbothinandoutofinstitutionsD.improvethepermanentcollectionsbyaddingfamousartworks34.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethatmonaudience________.A.lacksthechannelstounderstandandtalkaboutarthistoryB.preferstoviewartworksandhearartstoriesonsocialmediaC.feelssatisfiedwithpeopleandinterestsrepresentedonboardD.refusestoengagewithdiversearttopicsandarthistorystories第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。Whydoesrainseemtomakeyousleepy?ThisspringontheeastcoastoftheUS,itfeelslikewe’velosttouchwiththesun.InWashington,DC,14ofthefirst17daysofMaywererainy.35Itmeansthat,forme,MayhasbeenoneofthemonthsI’vefeltthesleepiest.Thedullweathercanhitalmostallofoursensesinawaythatgivesasigntousitistimeforasleep.First,there’swhatwesee—orrather,whatwedon’t.36Whenit’srainingandskiesarecloudy,wemissoutonourbody’sinternalalarmclock.AsNaomi,ascientistfromCentralQueenslandUniversitysaid,whenyoudon’tseethesunlightfirstthinginthemorning,yourbodynevergetsthesignalthatitneedstoshiftintodaytimemode.37Plantsproduceoilsduringdryperiods,possiblytostopseedsfromdeveloping.Whenitrains,thewaterbringsouttheoilsandtheymixwithachemicaltocreatea“musky”smell.38Additionally,afterathunderstormthere’sachanceyoumaysmellozone(臭氧),whichisgeneratedwhenlightninginteractswiththeair.Somepareitssmelltothatofcleanbedsheets.Rainsoundsarealsoforting.Therhythmicpatternofrainhittingaroof,umbrella,orthegroundbelowiscalled“pinknoise.”Pinknoiseisacategoryofbackgroundnoisethathasallofthefrequenciesthathumancanhearandhaslowervolumesathigherfrequencies.Accordingtosomeresearch,itmayimproveourqualityofsleepbydecreasingourbrainactivity.39Thedifficultyinwakingup,thefresh,earthyscents,andthepeaceoftheraintappingonwindowsareenoughtomakeanyonewanttogobacktobedfortheday.Sadly,noneofthisevidenceisenoughtojustifydoingso;butitcanatleastexplainwhyyoumayfeelalittlesleepyonthesecloudydays.A.Noisescanmakeusfeelsleepierduringthedaytime.B.Theothershavebeencloudyanddullforatleastpartoftheday.C.Theearthysmellofraincanmakeyoufeelcalmandfortable.D.Itmakesiteasierforustowakeupfromoursleepthenightbefore.E.Sunlightcausesourbodiestostopproducingwhatmakesussleepyatnight.F.Andyou’llalsosmellthatwhenyouareinyourgardenturningoveryoursoil.G.Youcanlistentoanhourofrainonawindowhere,ifyouintendtotestitout.第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共12小题；共12分）阅读下面文段，在设空处填入恰当的词。请在答题卡指定区域作答。1.Asthefinal,joyousnotesignalledtheendofthesymphony,theaudiencejumpedtotheirfeet,clapping,cheeringandwavingtheirhats.ButBeethovencontinued__________,hisheadburiedinthescore.2.Today,however,technologicaladvanceshaveledtoa__________ofartandtechnology.Asaresult,theartworldischanginggreatly.3.Untilhepassedawayin1961,Meihadbeenperformingandencouragingthe__________ofPekingOperaforalmost60years.4.Reeverealizedthathisroleinthesefilmshadgivenhimtheopportunitytobeareallifesuperman,andhesoongaineda__________forraisingawarenessforgoodcauses.5.Throughintenseeffort,YuanLongping__________enormoustechnicaldifficultiestodevelopthefirsthybridricethatcouldbeusedforfarmingin1974.6.Moreover,whatmadeCunninghamgreatwashis__________tophotography,andthehoursandhoursofsheerhardworkheputintohiswork.7.Ree