新高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题18 定语从句 (原卷版)

高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题应对策略专题18定语从句目录一知识网络定语从句的概念、关系词、非限制性定语从句和As引导的定语从句二考点考法关系代词和关系副词三真题回顾展现命题趋势，明确考试目标四真题训练近几年高考定语从句专题训练五考情分析定语从句是语法填空的常考点，非限制性定语从句是考查的重点。六模拟操练再次巩固所掌握的知识点体系并能灵活应用知识网络定语从句1.概念：在全句中作定语的从句先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词关系词：引导定语从句的词。它有三个作用：1.引导定语从句2.代表先行词3.在从句中作句子成分关系词a.关系代词指人1)作主语：I’mascientistwho/thatstudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.2)作宾语：Thegirl(whom/who/that)ImetyesterdayiscalledJane.3)作定语：Ihadastudentwhosecreativitywouldinfectothers.指物1)作主语：Idonotlikethenovelswhich/thathaveunhappyendings.2)作宾语：I’dliketoseethecar(which/that)youboughtyesterday.3)作定语：Thehousewhosedoors(=thedoorsofwhich/ofwhichthedoors)aregreenismyuncle’s.b.关系副词1)作时间状语(先行词是时间)：Julyisthemonthwhen(=inwhich)nature’sberriesareinabundance.2)作地点状语(先行词是地点)：Upstairshehadastudiowhere(=inwhich)hepaintedalittle.3)作原因状语(先行词是reason)：Thisisthereasonwhy(=forwhich)hewaslateforschool.4)作方式状语(先行词是way)：Idon’tlikethewaythat(=inwhich)youlaughather.c.介词+关系代词HerewassomeonewithwhomIcouldsharemyfeelings.[=(whom/whom/that)Icould...with]Hehasthreechildren,twoofwhomarecollegestudents.(部分与整体)d.不能用that1)非限制性定语从句：Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.2)直接位于介词后：ThesewereallqualitiesforwhichIhadoncerespectedmyelderbrother.3)people,those,one等指人时多用who：Peoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelgood.e.只/多用that1)先行词包括人和物：Theytalkedaboutthepersonsandthingsthatmostimpressedthem.2)序数词或最高级后：Thefirstthingthatshouldbedoneistoworkoutaplan.Thisisthebestdictionary(that)I’veeverused.3)指事物的不定代词后：Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents.4)theonly/very后的事物：Theyarethoughttobetheonlyinsectthatdoesthis.TheBird’sNestistheveryplace(that)youcannotmisswhenyouvisitBeijing.5)who/which开头的问句中WhoisthegirlthatistalkingtoTominEnglish?Whichisthehousethatcaughtfirelastnight?3.非限制性定语从句三个特点:对先行词起补充说明作用；用逗号与主句分开;不可由that引导。Themarket,whichwasfoundedin1979,setsupitstentseverySaturday.适用情况1)先行词是整个主句：Marywaslateagain,whichmadetheteacherveryangry.2)先行词是专有名词：Johnlikesrice,asopposedtoMary,whohatesit.3)先行词前有物主代词：Hisson,towhomhehasbeendevoted,islivingabroad.4)先行词是一类人或事物：Football,whichisaveryinterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.4.As引导的定语从句1)限制性：在such,as,thesame后:Thisisthesamepersonascameyesterday.2)非限制性：Aswasexpected,heperformedthetaskwithsuccess.［(不出所料)as作主语，谓语通常要有be］考点考法关系词填空1)关系代词ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshows,wantstoprove…(答案为who)...itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,_______isnotgood...(答案为which)...madeastudy___________showedamerefiveto...(答案为that/which)2)关系副词：...goesbacktomydays,______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter…(答案为when)真题回顾1.(2023年全国甲卷)Theformofthefablestillhasvaluestoday,63RachelCarsonsaysin“AFableforTomorrow.”2.(2023年全国甲卷)“TherewasonceatownintheheartofAmerica64alllifeseemedtoenjoypeacefulco-existencewithitssurroundings,”3.(2022年新高考Ⅰ卷)TheGPNPisintendedtoprovidestrongerprotectionforallthespecies_______livewithintheGiantPandaRangeandsignificantlyimprovethehealthoftheecosysteminthearea.4.(2021全国新高考Ⅱ卷)IdecidedthatifIlearnedofacompany___________usedalotofplastic,I’dsenditanemailurgingittocutback.5.(2020全国Ⅰ卷)Becausethemoon’sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot________itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.6.(2020全国Ⅲ卷)InancientChinalivedanartist_______paintingswerealmostlifelike.7.(2020新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The80,000objectscollectedbySirHansSloane,forexample,formedthecorecollectionoftheBritishMuseum____________openedin1759.8.(2020新高考全国Ⅱ卷)TheDigitalWorldisasetofvolumes______________aimtodescribehowdigitalsystemsinfluencesocietyandhelpreadersunderstandthenatureofdigitalsystemsandtheirmanyinteractingparts.9.(2019全国Ⅰ卷)NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,_______sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.10.(2019全国Ⅲ卷)Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmasters________hadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.11.(2017全国Ⅲ卷)ButSarah,______hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodels,wantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.12.(2016全国Ⅰ卷)ButmyconnectionwithpandasgoesbacktomydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_______IwasthefirstWesternTVreporterpermittedtofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.考情分析考情：定语从句是语法填空的常考点。特别是全国Ⅰ卷，几乎每年一题，必须重视。且非限制性定语从句是考查的重点。到目前为止，具体考点有：1.先行词是人时，用who。如语法填空第8和第9题。2.先行词是物时，用which。如语法填空第2、5、6和第7题。3.当先行词与从句中某个名词有所属关系，表示“……的”之意，用whose。如语法填空第4题。4.引导非限制性定语从句且指物用which，如语法填空第7题。引导非限制性定语从句且指人用who，如语法填空第9题。5.先行词是表示时间或地点的词，在从句中作状语时，分别用when和where。如语法填空第3和第10题。解法：首先判断是否为定语从句，是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句；然后看先行词是人、是物还是整个主句；再看代表先行词的关系词在定语从句中作何种句子成分，最后再确定填哪个关系词。模拟操练语法填空：在空白处填入1个适当的单词。1.(2023届江苏常州期中考试)She’soneofseveralartistsinterviewed__________wereunhappytolearnthatpicturesoftheirworkwereusedwithoutsomeoneinformingthem.2.(2023届江苏徐州期中考试)Stone-liftingandTibetanchessarenowamongactivities____________havebeenincludedinregionalethnicsportsmeets.3.Accordingtostatisticsfromtheorganizer,157,326visitorsattendedthefestival,manyof________werehanfu-wearingenthusiasts(热衷者),calledtongpao.4.Hewasselectedfrommorethan60candidates,allof________arefromremoteregionsinTibet.5.(2023届浙江杭州一模)Whales___________wereabletoquicklyeatalotoffoodsurvived,andgotlarger.6.(2023届广西南宁摸底测试)Players________arrowsfailedtomakethepothadtodrinkwineasapunishment.7.(2023届河北保定期中测试)ThebronzemaskhasstruckthefancyofChinesenetizens,_______commentsonthehairstyleremindedthemofthecrown-shapedhat…8.TherearemanygreatdestinationsintheUK,oneof_______istheSouth-WestofEngland.9.(2023届湖北黄冈期中测试)Thensheneedstoshareherfeelingsinadiary____________willbehandedintoherteacher.10.Thepasteismadeintoshapesrangingfromsimpletocomplexrounds,someof_______arestuffed(塞满)withsweetfillings.11.Todaythecavesarejustasinternationalastheywereatthetime________peopletravelledtheSilkRoad.12.WithitgoingonsaleinChinainOctober,itisnowfacingcompetitionfrommanylocalbrands,mostof______havesimilarphonessoldatmuchlowerprices.13.Infact,IELTSistheonlyEnglishlanguagetest______isacceptedforimmigrationpurposesbyallcountriesthatrequireone.14.AsthestrongestanimalselectedbyChinesepeople,thedragonhasthestrongestpower_______helpsitgototheHeavenandtheHell,andmakecloudandrains.15.ResearchersataMassachusetts’universityarecreatingthefirstrobot______canconstantlychangeitsshapeaccordingtothetaskithastodo.16.We’reoftentoldto“eatarainbow”andweaimfortheveryguideline______saysthemorecolourafoodhas,thebetteritis.17.(2023届广东广州阶段训练)Thecountryisnowhometo14worldnaturalheritagesitesandfourmixedsites,_______arenotedforbothculturalandnaturalfeatures.18.(2023届江苏连云港期中调研)VarioustypesofstoneswereusedfromtheSongDynasty,________ledtoaboomforsealcarving.19.(2023届江苏镇江期中调研)Attheopeningceremony,the2008NobelPrizewinnerforliteratureFrenchwriterJean-MarieGustaveLeClézio,_______hadoncevisitedHangzhou,madeanappearancethroughavideo.20.Currently,theChinesegovernmentinconjunctionwiththeWWFaredoingall______ispossibletosavethegiantpanda.21.[2023·广东省六校第一次联考]Gigworkers,oftenreferredtoasindependentcontractors(承包人)ortemporaryworkers,arethosesuchasdeliverydriversandonlinesaleshosts________oftenenterintocontractswithon-demandcompaniestoprovideservicesfortheirclients.22.(2023届山西吕梁阶段性测试)Onecreature____________sharesthesamehabitatwiththegiantpandaistheredpanda.23.(2023届广东大湾区一模)TheLittleNewYear,______isalsocalledtheMinorNewYear’sDay,usuallyfallsroughlyaweekbeforetheLunarNewYear.24.(2023届山东济南期中考试)Morethan200booksweredonatedbyJinlingLibrary,________coverfieldssuchasancientChineseliteratureandart,history,cultureandfood.25.(2023届四川泸州一诊)“Ididn’texpectthesmallplantwouldchangemylife,”saysZhu,35,______quithisjobin2014andjoinedanorganization,theSocietyofEntrepreneursandEcologyConservation.26.(2023届贵州遵义期中考试)“Chongqingpeoplearereallyamazing,”saidDuHailang,______istheheadoftheBeijingEmergencyRescueAssociation,anorganizationfoundedin2007thathastakenpartinmanyoverseasrescueoperations.27.(2023届河南新乡一模)TheXi’anCityWall,________isasymbolofthehistoryandcultureofXi’an,thecapitalofShaanxiProvince,hasbecomeanimportantcitybrandaftercontinuousimprovements.28.(2023届广东汕头质检)Shehasbeenworkingasatourguideandvendor(小贩)inYangshuosince1998,_______theareabecamefamouswithforeignbackpackersandorganizedtours.29.(2023届广东佛山顺德质检)WuwasbornonMay31,1912,inLiuhetown,Taicang,________theYangtzeRiverflowsintotheEastSea.30.(2023届辽宁沈阳期中考试)Thefindingssuggestsomethingisspecialinthehippocampus(海马体)—aregionofthebrain_____________supportsmemoryandhelpstoadjustappetite.31.(2023届浙江湖州联考)Toexplainthedecision,mayorKirkCaldwellsaid,“Unfortunately,weholdthehonourofbeingamajorcity__________morepedestrians(行人)arehitincrosswalksthanalmostanyothercityinthecountry.”32.[2023·江西重点中学协作体联考]NowadaysanincreasingnumberofpeopleinvariouspartsofChinahavebeguntocelebratetheirflowerfestivalagain,someof________，dressedinhanfu,atypeoftraditionalChinesecostume,performaseriesofceremonies.33.(2023届重庆11月调研)Second,thesocialnetworkingwebsitecreatesanenvironment,______youareallowedtointeracteasilywithothers:Youcanshareyourphotos,videos,linksandthoughts,andrespondtowhattheyshareinturn.34.InplacessuchasHongKong…theEnglishphraseoftenreplacestheChinesecharacters,andthisisthereason________thephrasehasbeenaddedtothedictionary.35.(2023届浙江湖州、丽水、衢州质检)Whatmakessomethingasport?Traditionaldefinitionsusuallyincludedsomephysicalactivity____________showsathleticabilityorstrength.36.Ibelieve,thisisanimportantreason_____I’mabletomakeprogressinlearningEnglish.37.[2023·福州高三起点调研]BythetimeoftheMingDynasty,peoplecouldusetheabacusinaddition,subtraction,multiplicationanddivision,________werewidelyusedforcalculatingtheweight,amount,spaceandvolume.38.______oneresearcherwhoisworkingontheprojectexplains,“Appreciatingone’sownculturalheritageisveryimportantforunderstandingoneself.”39.[2023·嘉兴市高三基础测试]Aftereachcycleoftrading,companies________haveleftovercarbonallowances(限额)cansellthemtoothers.40.[2023·山东省实验中学模拟]Theappdoesthisbymonitoringtheirtime________theusersgotosleep,whichmeansthatyouwillfeellesssleepywhenyouwakeupeverymorning.41.[2023·丽水、湖州、衢州市质量检测]Whatmakessomethingasport?Traditionaldefinitionsusuallyincludedsomephysicalactivities________showathleticabilityorstrength.42.[2023·湖南省高三联考]Thecharacter“three”isshapedlikeabook,________representsthelonghistoricaltraditionofRongBaoZhai.43.[2023·青岛市高三调研]Insteadofaneconomyofthetypicaltake-make-disposemodel,ChopValueseekstocreateone________transformswasteintoausableresource.44.[2023·湖南省第二次合检测]Thereason________thistraditionalflatbreadhappeningtobepopularamongtheethnicgroupshereliesinitsbeingeasytobake,storeandtransport.45.[2023·湖南省第二次合检测]WhereveryougoinXinjiang,whethernorthorsouthoftheTianshanMountains,you'llnoticesmallstands________somecrispyanddeliciousnangissold.46.[2023·辽宁省五校联考]ShaxiansnacksisashiningexampleofChinesefoodchainbrands,________mostlikelyincludefoodssuchassteameddumplings,noodlesandhuntun.47.[2023·郴州市第一次质量监测]Thegovernmenthasalsointroducedanewproposalinordertolimittheamountofafter-schooleducationkidscanattend,especiallyduringholida