2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit6EarthfirstSectionⅢGrammar-现在分词和过去分词作补足语学案外研版必修第二册

PAGEUnit6EarthfirstSectionⅢGrammar——现在分词和过去分词作补足语新知导引用括号内词的适当形式完成下列教材中的句子并体会它们的语法特征1．Weseeawoman________(swim)atnightinadarksea.2．Peoplejustwantthem________(kill)．3．Benchleysawsharks________(kill)andthiscausedadeepchangeinhim.语法精讲一、宾语补足语某些及物动词不仅须要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。1．过去分词作宾语补足语(1)及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语是过去分词的逻辑主语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。*Whenwearrivedattheschool,wesawthedoorlocked.我们到学校时发觉门被锁了。*Wesawanoldmanknockeddownbyapassingcar.我们望见一位老人被疾驰而过的车撞倒了。(2)少数不及物动词(go,change,fall等)的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。*Ifoundtheleavesfallentwodaysago.两天前我发觉这些树叶落下来了。*Wefoundourcountrychangedalotwiththereformandopenpolicy.我们发觉，改革开放以来，我们的国家改变很大。2．现在分词作宾语补足语动词的现在分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语是现在分词的逻辑主语，宾语和现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主动关系。*Thewomanfoundabeggarlyingonthebench.这位女士发觉一个乞丐正躺在长凳上。*WhenIenteredtheroom,Isawhimsleepinginbed.当我进入房间时，我望见他正在床上睡觉。常用宾语补足语的动词如下：(1)感官动词(表示所到、看到、嗅到、摸到等感官动作的动词)，常见的有：see,watch,lookat;hear,listento;feel,notice,observe,find;smell...等，后跟现在分词作宾补，表示“感受到某人/物正在做某事”；后跟过去分词作宾补表示“感受到某人/物被……”，留意此时与现在分词作宾补的比较。*Hedidn'tnoticethethiefstealinghiswallet.他没有留意到小偷在偷他的钱包。*Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.当他到达时，他发觉全部的工作都被做完了。(2)表示“意愿，吩咐”的动词，如like,want,wish,order,expect...等，可用现在分词作宾补，表示“希望、要求某人/物做……”；也可用过去分词作宾语补足语，相当于过去分词前省略了tobe，表示“希望/要求某人或某事被……”。留意与现在分词作宾补的比较。*Hedidn'twantsuchquestionsdiscussedatthemeeting.他不想在会上探讨这种问题。*Iwouldlikethismattersettledatonce.我想立即解决这个问题。*Idon'tlikeamanstandingtherelikeapole.我不喜爱一个男士像柱子似地站立在那儿。(3)使役动词(表示指使意义的动词)，常见的有：have,get,make,leave,keep...等，后可用现在分词作宾补，表示“使某人做某物”，也可跟过去分词作宾补表示“致使某人/某事被……”；留意与现在分词作宾补的比较。*Theteacherwentoutoftheclassroomleavingthestudentsstandingontheteachingstage.老师走出了老师，丢下那些学生在讲堂上站立着(而不管了)。*Haveyouhadyourhaircut?你剪头发了吗？*Ihavetogetmybikerepaired.我不得不去修我的自行车。*Iwon'thavethechildrunningaboutonthestreet.It'sdangerous!我不会放任孩子在街上乱跑的。太危急了！[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)IamafraidthatIcan'tmakemyself________(understand)duetomypoorEnglish.(2)Youwillseethisproduct________(advertise)eveywhere.(3)Icouldfeelthewind________(blow)onmyface.(4)Thecarwasfound________(trap)inapoolbythesideoftheroad.二、主语补足语主语补足语，是对句子主语的补充，使得句子更加完整。假如原来含有宾语补足语的句子结构变成被动语态，原宾语成为主语，那么原宾语补足语相应地成为主语补足语。*Wesawherenteringtheroom.(宾语补足语)*Shewasseenenteringtheroom.(主语补足语)1．过去分词作主语补足语过去分词作主语补足语时，主语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。*Hernewbikewasfoundstolenbyastranger.她的新自行车被一个生疏人偷走了。*Thelittleboywasseenbittenbyadog.有人望见这个小男孩被狗咬了。2．现在分词作主语补足语现在分词作主语补足语时，主语和现在分词之间为逻辑上的主动关系。*Tonywasseenplayingcomputergamesinhisbedroom.有人望见托尼在他的卧房里玩电脑嬉戏。*Thegirlswerefoundsingingloudlyintheirclassroom.他们发觉女孩们正在教室里大声唱歌。[即学即练]单句语法填空(1)Thebabywasfound________(take)goodcareofbythebabysitter.(2)Freddieandhisfriendswereseen________(play)basketballintheplayground.(3)Thestreetwasfound________(flood)afterthestorm.(4)Thecutedogwasseen________(sleep)soundonthenoisystreet.Ⅰ.选词填空1．I'dliketoseetheplan________(carrying,carried)out.2．WeshouldfindopportunitiestohearEnglish________(speaking,spoken)asmuchaspossible.3．Heraisedhisvoicetomakehimself________(hearing,heard)byallthestudentsintheclassroom.4．Shefoundhernecklace________(gone,going)onherwayhome.5．Thewomanfoundayoungman________(stealing,stole)herwallet.6．Wecanhearthewindows________(beat,beaten)bytheheavyraindrops.7．Theteachernoticedthestudents________(discussing,discuss)questionsingroups.8．Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishands________(tie,tied)behind.9．Youmustgetthework________(done,doing)beforeFriday.10．Theboywasseen________(crying,cries)insorrowbecauseofhisgrandma'sdeath.Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．Igotthestory________(write)inEnglish.2．Ourmanagerlefttheproblem________(unsettle)．3．Iheardsomeone________(call)mynamewhenwalkingalongthestreet.4．Witheverythingwell________(arrange),helefttheoffice.5．Atthatmoment,Isawhim________(cross)thestreet.6．Pleasekeepus________(inform)ofthelatestnews.7．Shewantsherpaintings________(display)inthegallery,butwedon'tthinktheywouldbeverypopular.8．Hegothistooth________(pull)outlastSunday.9．Ihearher________(practice)oralEnglisheverymorning.10．Johnhadanaccidentandfoundthecar________(break)．Ⅲ.用“hear/notice/see/feel/listento＋宾语＋宾补”结构填空1．我抬头一看，留意到一只鸟正在树上捕获它的早餐。Ilookedupand________________________________itsbreakfastinthetree.2．为了学好英语，我们应当找机会尽可能多地听别人说英语。TolearnEnglishwell,weshouldfindopportunitiesto________________________________asmuchaswecan.3．听！你听到有人在呼救吗？Listen!Doyou________________________________？4．度假回来后，White一家很兴奋望见他们的花园被志愿者照看得很好。Backfromthevacation,theWhitewasveryhappyto________________________________byvolunteers.5．我们感到车子行驶得很快。We________________________________.eq\x(温馨提示：请完成课时作业十七)SectionⅢGrammar—现在分词和过去分词作补足语新知导引1．swimming2.killed3.beingkilled语法精讲一、[即学即练](1)understood(2)advertised(3)blowing(4)trapped二、[即学即练](1)taken(2)playing(3)flooded(4)sleeping夯实基础·一遍落实Ⅰ.选词填空1．carried2.spoken3.heard4.gone5．stealing6.beaten7.discussing8.tied9．done10.cryingⅡ.用所给词的适当形式填