新高考英语二轮复习学案：夹叙夹议类完形填空（含答案）

夹叙夹议类完形填空夹叙夹议类完形填空技巧点拨夹叙夹议类完形填空从近两年的高考完型来看，很多完形往往在平淡的叙述中蕴含着深刻的人生哲理，鉴于这一点考生不仅要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，只有这样才能透彻理解文章做好完型填空。一、夹叙夹议文体的特点夹叙夹议的文章是高考完形填空题中最有难度的，也是最热点的一类体裁。所选文章语言地道、寓意深刻、可读性强。叙夹议文体就是一方面叙述某一事情，一方面又对此事加以分析与评论。这种表达方式中的叙与议是一个有机的整体，“叙”是“议”的基础，即议论不能脱离记叙，必须在记叙的基础上展开；“议”是“叙”的渗透，即议论在记叙的基础上发展，且有一定的深度与广度。二者水乳交融，互为一体。这种文体的语言既有记叙文的特点：借助叙述、描写、抒情等手段记叙社会生活中的人、事、景、物的情态及其发展过程，用以表现作者思想，抒发作者情感；时态以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅；广泛使用动态动词；适当运用直接引语。同时又具有议论文的语言个性：语言自然、客观、准确，逻辑性强，且具有概括性。在遣词造句方面多使用虚拟语气、让步状语从句和can,may,might,could,would,should等情态动词。此类完形填空一般有以下三种结构特点：1.事例——观点。先叙述作者自己亲历或所见所闻的一件事情，然后针对这件事情发表自己对生活的看法，或揭示生活的真理。2.观点——事例。先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例来说明，一般是一个事例，有时也会用几个事例从不同的侧面加以说明。3.观点——事例——观点。提出一种观点或看法，然后用事例说明，最后再进一步阐述或总结自己的观点。二、解题技巧解题时要做到：1.读好短文首句，琢磨文章内容。完形填空的首句一般不设空，是完整的一句话，信息就从这里开始，它暗示或告诉读者下文将会说什么。正确利用首句信息对于把握文章大意是极其重要和有效的。2.感受文体风格，领会作者意图。文章的写作风格往往能表现出作者的思想倾向和情感态度，因此分析作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情，就能正确把握作者的思想情感。3.做题时要迅速找到全文的主旨大意。其次要跟着作者的思路读全文，思维要有灵活性，要随着记叙与议论的转换，及时调整思维方式。答题时必须要遵循“整体—部分—整体”的步骤，具体可分为以下三步：1．通览全文，了解大意。2．综合考虑，逐项填空。3．复读检验，以防疏漏。典型举例（1）OverthecourseofafewdayswhenIwasinanursinghometorecover,Istartedtoreallyappreciatethehousekeeper,anelderlyladywhodidn’tspeakEnglish.Everymorningat6:30shewouldtrytogetintomyroom1soshewouldn’tdisturbme.However,everytimeIwould2andseeher.Shewouldtryto3andatthesametimegaveanamazingsmile.4,Iwouldbejustwaitingtoseehercomeinandgivethatwonderful5.I6fromanursethattherewasanemployeerewardsprogram.Iaskedhertowritea(an)7cardformyhousekeeperandputitup.Abouttenminuteslater,anothernursecameintomyroomandtoldmethatthehousekeeperwasoutinthehall8hereyesout.HadIdonesomethingwrongorinappropriate?Thenthenurse9totellmethatthehousekeeperhadworkedthereforthirtyyearsandhadnever10arewardscard.It11melikeatonofbricks.Justafewsimplewordsmadesucha12.FromthatdayforwardItriedtoadmiresomeoneeverydayforthegoodthingstheyshowed.Theresultswere13.Peoplecameinwithsmiles,theytalkedmore,theylaughedmore,andthey14lifemore.15,itseemsthemoreItriedtopraiseothers,the16Igot.I’moutofnursinghomenowandalmost17recovered.Ithankmyhousekeeperforhelpingmeseejusthowunbelievably18lifeis.Do19afavorandtellyourlovedonesjusthowmuchthey20toyou.Itcanmaketheworldofdifferencewithboththemandyou.1.A.quickly B.quietly C.happily D.slowly2.A.wake B.stand C.sit D.go3.A.leave B.hide C.explain D.apologize4.A.Eventually B.Gradually C.Suddenly D.Occasionally5.A.greeting B.apology C.smile D.word6.A.knew B.learned C.found D.got7.A.invitation B.congratulation C.appreciation D.appointment8.A.laughing B.shouting C.screaming D.crying9.A.wenton B.cameup C.setout D.gotup10.A.accepted B.received C.created D.afforded11.A.beat B.knocked C.hit D.touched12.A.difference B.profit C.mistake D.contribution13.A.disappointing B.interesting C.amazing D.embarrassing14.A.understood B.valued C.enriched D.enjoyed15.A.However B.Therefore C.Meanwhile D.Otherwise16.A.less B.more C.worse D.better17.A.barely B.fully C.really D.rarely18.A.dangerous B.beautiful C.tough D.enthusiastic19.A.yourself B.you C.themselves D.them20.A.bring B.take C.give D.mean第一步通览全文，了解大意。作者用自己的亲身实例告诉读者：感恩是非常重要的，能让你的生活充满阳光。第二步综合考虑，逐项填空。1． B副词辨析。根据前文作者是病人housekeeper非常友好，早晨进入作者的房间应是静悄悄地。故选B。2． A动词辨析。句意：每次我都会醒来看到他。故此处选A。3． D动词辨析。根据句意选D。4． B副词辨析。根据前文此处应是逐渐地。故选B。5． C名词辨析。根据前文应是smile，故选C。6． B动词辨析。learnsthfromsb从某人那里得知。故选B。7． C名词辨析。根据前文应是作者多housekeeper充满感激，想写一张表示感激的卡片。8． D动词辨析。根据下文应是哭泣，故选D。9． A动词短语辨析。根据上下文应是“继续告诉我”，故应选A。10．B动词辨析。此处应是收到，该女佣工作三十年没有收到过感谢卡，这次收到非常感激。故应选B。11．C副词辨析。句意：它就像一吨重砖头击中了我。12．A名词辨析。makeadifference有意义。故选A。13．C形容词辨析。作者从那次事件后得知简单的几句话就能令人惊奇。故选C14．D动词辨析。根据句意：人们谈地多、笑地多，享受生活的也多。15．C副词辨析。根据题意“我表扬人们越多，我得到的越多”。故选C。16．D形容词辨析。与前文的more对应，应选better，故选D。17．B副词辨析。根据前文outofnursinghome，应是完全康复，故选B。18. B形容词辨析。应该是美好的生活，故选B。19. A代词辨析。dosbafavor给某人以帮助，此处应是：帮你自己一个忙。故选D。20．D句意：……他们对于你意味着是多么重要。第三步复读检验，以防疏漏。完成所有空格后，还要再复读一遍全文，看看短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑是否合理。若有不合语感、题意之处，还应调整答案，力求做到万无一失。（2）ShortlyafterIstartedoutasaprofessionalbaseballplayerintheTri-StateLeague,Iwasfired.“Frank,”themanagersaid1,“whateveryoudoafteryouleavehere,putsome2andenthusiasmintoyourwork!”Well,thatwasthe3thingIexpectedhimtosay.Aweeklater,4,IwasintroducedtotheNewHeaven.Myfirstdayherewillalways5inmymemoryasagreateventinmylife.Nooneknewmeintheleague,soIwas6tomakemyselfthemostenthusiasticballplayerthey’deverseen.FromtheminuteI7onthefield,Iactedlikeamanelectrified.AndIactedasifIwerealivewithamillion8.Mybiggestthrillcamethefollowingmorning9IreadintheNewHeavennewspaper:“This10player,Frank,hasabarrel（桶）ofenthusiasm.He11ourboys.Theylookedbetterthanatanytimethisseason.”Thenewspaperbegan12methelifeoftheteam.Withintwoweeks,enthusiasmtookmefrom$250amonthto$1850amonth—it13myincomeby700percent!Twoyearsafterthat,Iwas14thirdbasefortheSt.Louisandmultipliedmyincomebythirtytimes.Enthusiasm15didit;nothingbutenthusiasm.Enthusiasmisbyfarthehighestpaid16onearth.Ithelpsyoubecomemoresuccessful,and17ahealthier,richerandhappierlife.“Tobecomeenthusiastic—actenthusiastically.”Putthisruleinto18forthirtydaysandbepreparedtoseeastonishing19.Itmayeasilychangeyourentirelife.Canyouacquireenthusiasm—ormustyoubeborn20it?Certainlyyoucanacquireit!1A.carefullyB.casuallyC.quicklyD.firmly2.A.curiosityB.lifeC.experienceD.pleasure3.A.properB.otherC.lastD.only4A.meanwhileB.thereforeC.otherwiseD.however5.A.giveoutB.keepupC.standoutD.lookup6.A.determinedB.delightedC.excitedD.moved7.A.glancedB.appearedC.queuedD.cheered8.A.batteriesB.machinesC.playersD.balls9.A.tillB.beforeC.whenD.though10.A.healthyB.popularC.familiarD.new11.A.inspiredB.satisfiedC.upsetD.disappointed12.A.showingB.callingC.givingD.bringing13.A.includedB.madeC.tookD.increased14.A.introducingB.leavingC.playingD.starting15.A.aloneB.onceC.alsoD.indeed16.A.reputationB.qualityC.themeD.profession17.A.changeB.enjoyC.spoilD.admire18.A.fieldB.memoryC.actionD.idea19.A.effortsB.eventsC.factorsD.results20.A.withB.inC.withoutD.at第一步通览全文，了解大意。作者以自己的亲身经历告诉我们：付诸激情你就能改变自己的生活。第二步综合考虑，逐项填空。1.答案：D本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。carefully仔细地；casually随便地；quickly快速地；firmly坚定地。根据下文manager说话的语气判断是坚定地，故选D。2．答案：B本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。curiosity好奇心；life生活；experience经验，经历；pleasure快乐。根据下文的enthusiasm和life判断填life。故选B。3．答案：C本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。proper适当的；other其他的；last最后的；only仅仅。因为作者被解雇了，这是经理给他说的最后一句话。故选C。4．答案：D本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。meanwhile同时；therefore因此，所以；otherwise否则；however尽管如此。根据上下文应是“尽管如此”，故选D。5．答案：C本空考查动词短语基本含义的辨析。giveout发出；keepup保持；standout突出，站出来，坚持到底，坚决反对；lookup向上看。应该是我的第一天在我的印象中很突出。故选C。6．答案：A本空考查形容词基本含义的辨析。determined决心的；delighted感到高兴的；excited感到兴奋的；moved受感动的。bedeterminedtodosth.下定决心做某事。故选A。7．答案：B本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。glanced匆忙看一眼；appeared出现；queued排队；cheered欢呼。此处是“出现在场地上”，故选B。8．答案：A本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。batteries电池；machines机器；players运动员；balls球。beactivewith充满活力，根据前文的electrified判断填A。9．答案：C本空考查连词基本含义的辨析。till直到；before在……之前；when当……时候；though尽管，虽然。根据句意：当我在NewHaven报纸上阅读时……。故选C。10．答案：D本空考查形容基本含义的辨析。healthy健康的；popular流行的；familiar熟悉的；new新的。根据前文这里是作者刚来，称为是“新来的”，故选D。11．答案：A本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。inspired鼓舞；satisfied满意；upset使……感到不安；disappointed使……感到失望。根据前文的enthusiasm判断是作者激情鼓舞了队员们。故选A。12．答案：B本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。showing给……看，展示；calling叫；giving给予；bringing带来。因为作者的成就被那些报纸称为“球队的生命。”故选B。13．答案：D本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。included包括；made制作；took带走；increased提高，增加。根据前文的from$250amonthto$1850amonth可知选D。14．答案：C本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。introducing介绍；leaving离开；playing玩；starting开始。根据前文是baseball，应是我打第三垒，故选C。15．答案：A本空考查副词基本含义的辨析。alone单独，单个，放在名词之后是“仅仅”；once曾经；also也；indeed的确。根据前文作者在回想原经理说的那句话是错误的，仅仅是激情就成就了自己。故选A。16．答案：B本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。reputation荣誉；quality品质；theme主题；profession职业。热情就是地球上获得最高报酬的品质。故选B。17．答案：B本空考查动词基本含义的辨析。change改变；enjoy喜欢，享受；spoil破坏；admire欣赏，羡慕。根据前文作者得到的高收入，现在应是享受更健康、富裕、幸福的生活。故选B。18．答案：C本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。field田地；memory记忆；action行动；idea主意。putsthintoaction把……付诸行动。故选C。19．答案：D本空考查名词基本含义的辨析。efforts努力；events事件；factors因素；results结果。投入激情30天，你就能收获令人吃惊的效果。故选D。20．答案：A本空考查介词基本含义的辨析。with和……在一起；in在……里面；without没有；at在……旁边。bebornwith生来具有，与前文的acquire相对应。故选A。第三步复读检验，以防疏漏。完成所有空格后，还要再复读一遍全文，看看短文行文是否流畅，意义是否连贯，逻辑是否合理。若有不合语感、题意之处，还应调整答案，力求做到万无一失。当堂精练（1）SinceIwas12yearsold,I'vesufferedfromaconditioncalledCompulsiveHairPulling(强迫性拔毛症).Thephysicaldestructionwassevere,buttheemotional__1__wasworse.WhenIwasyoung,noone,__2__mydoctor,knewhowtohelpme.Iwasalone.Growingup,Ididn't__3__anywhereandIsufferedgreatshameknowingI'dbroughtthis__4__uponmyself.Myhandsseemedtohavea__5__oftheirown.“What'swrongwithme，”I'doftenwonder.Sometimes,peopleaskedaboutmy__6__ofeyelashes(眼睫毛)andeyebrows.Iwaslonely,butIkeptpeopleatadistance.However,eachnight,__7__Ifellasleep,I'dprayforwisdom,andforGodtosendsomeonewho__8__.ThenwhenIwas25,Ireadaletterfromamomwhosechildsufferedfromthesameillness.Icould__9__believemyeyes.Afteralltheseyears,Idiscovered,Iwasnot__10__.Atthatmoment,myjourneyfor__11__began.Itooksmall__12__atfirst—tellingonlyafewfriends.Someofthemtriedtounderstand.Then,theybeganto__13__theirsecretswithme.Ilearnedtosee__14__thewayGodsawme,someone__15__love.Oneday,my__16__happened.Afriendcalledwithwonderfulnews.ShejustmetawomanwithCompulsiveHairPulling—someonejustlikeme.Shegavemeherphonenumber.Iwas__17__.Iquicklydialed,andfromtheminuteChristinaanswered,webegantochatlikeoldfriends,boththrilledtofindsomeonewhounderstoodourpain.We__18__tomeetsoon,onlytofindwelivedonlytwoblocksaway.Weimmediately__19__ourphones,andinthedarkofnight,ranoutsidetothenearbyparksinourpajamas,__20__wehugged,criedandtalkedforhours.IfeltI'djustmetmylonglosttwin,someonewhounderstoodmypainandstruggles.1．A.conflictB．threat C．damage D．puzzle2．A.including B．except C．beyond D．but3．A.belongtoB．fitin C．comeup D．fallover4．A.shyness B．pain C．anger D．tiredness5．A.decision B．solution C．mind D．conclusion6．A.color B．shape C．recovery D．lack7．A.after B．before C．if D．whether8．A.understood B．missed C．thought D．listened9．A.neverB．hardly C．seldom D．rarely10．A.ill B．weak C．sad D．alone11．A.healing B．praying C．searching D．longing12．A.efforts B．suggestionC．steps D．walks13．A.share B．betray C．sell D．keep14．A.them B．everyone C．anyone D．myself15．A.wasting B．deservingC．giving D．refusing16．A.illness B．symptom C．prediction D．miracle17．A.peacefulB．surprised C．overjoyed D．cold18．A.wentB．ran C．planned D．imagined19．A.dialed B．exchanged C．fell D．dropped20．A.where B．when C．howD．why（2）MybrotherandIweredrivinghometogether.We1somethinginterestingontheway.Becauseoftheconversation,mybrothertooka2turn.Unfortunately,theturntook3towardsabridgeandwehadnowaytoturnback.Mybrother4thebridgetoll(通行费)anddroveon.Hewas5frustratedbythemistakeandtheneedlesswasteof$4.Whenwereachedanexitslipway,mybrother6thatayoungguypulledovertothesideoftheroad.Iwasbusytryingto7whichwaywewentnextwhenmybrotherpulledoverandaskedtheguyifheneededany8.Andhedid.Hehadaflattireandneededawrench(扳手)togetitoff.Mybrother9himawrench,andthenbegantohelphim10thetire.Theyoungmansaidthatthishadbeena11weekforhim;earlierhehadgottenintoaminorcaraccident,andnowthis12flatonhiswayhomefromwork.Buthecalledus“abreathoffreshair”andkept13usbecausehereallywouldhavebeenstuck14wehadn’tcomealong.Afterwehadfinishedthejobhethankedus15andpulledout$20and16togiveittous.“No,”mybrothersaid,“wewere17supposedtogetonthatbridge,yetwetookawrongturn.Butnowweknow18wedid.Itwastohelpyou.Thankyouforturningourmistakeintoanopportunityto19.”Mybrother’sreactioninthes