2024-2025学年新教材高中英语UNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS教学知识细解码学案新人教版选择性必修第四册

PAGEUNIT2ICONICATTRACTIONS1．foundvt.创办；成立；建立→foundationn．创建；基础；地基2．politicsn．政治→politicaladj.政治的3．bakevt.&vi.烤；烘焙→bakern．面包师；糕点师→bakeryn4．joinvt.&vi.连接；联结→jointn．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和消遣场所)；关节adj5．butchern．肉贩；屠夫；刽子手→butcheryn．屠场；大屠杀1．jointn．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和消遣场所)；关节adj.联合的；共同的①Shefellandputherkneeoutofjoint. n．关节②Wewrotealetterinjointnames. adj.联合的③Theywerejointownersofthehouse. adj.共同的2．premieradj.最闻名的；第一的；首要的n．首相；总理①Thepremieroccupiestheforemostplaceintheworldofpolitics. n．首相；总理②RitzCarltonisoneoftheworld'spremierhotelchains. adj.最闻名的③Thecompanyhasachievedapremierpositionintheelectronicsfield. adj.第一的；首要的WordsandPhraseseq\a\vs4\al(学问要点1)foundationn．创建；基础；地基[教材原句P14]ThefoundationofAustralia澳大利亚的建立[例1]Thefoundationsofthebuildingsettled.这房屋的地基下陷了。[例2]Thefoundationofdemocracyisthewillofthepeopletopreserveliberty.民主的基础在于人民维护自由的意志。[造句]这所旧房子有特别牢固的地基。Thisoldhousehasaverysolidfoundation.[学问拓展](1)laythefoundationfor 给……打下基础；为……奠定基础withoutfoundation 无依据的(2)foundvt. 创办；成立；建立[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Yourbreakfastchoiceslaythefoundationforyourentiredayandyourlong­termhealth.②Theuniversities'concernisnotwithoutfoundation.③Whatisthefoundation(found)oftheirgoodrelationships?[小片段填空]Atthefoundationofwellfoundedbeliefliesbeliefthatisnotfounded．(found)eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点2)politicaladj.政治的[教材原句P14]Politicaldivisions行政区划[例1]Thestudentsinthisuniversityareverypolitical.这所高校里的学生对政治很感爱好。[例2]Thiswholeissuehasbecomehighlypolitical.这完全的问题已经变得高度政治化了。[造句]我现在要说的是政治问题。WhatIwanttotalkaboutnowispoliticalquestions.[学问拓展](1)forpoliticalreasons 由于政治缘由politicalscience 政治学(2)politicsn. 政治；政治活动[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Butthislooksunlikelytohappensoon，forpoliticalreasons.②Igraduatedfirstinmyclassinpolitical(politics)science.eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点3)[教材原句P14]Bakeries，fast­foodjoints，butchershops，cafes，andrestaurantseverywhereprovidesomeofthepremierfoodexperiencesintheworld.面包店、快餐店、肉店、咖啡馆和餐馆到处供应了世界上一些顶级的美食体验。(1)jointn．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和消遣场所)；关节adj.联合的；共同的[例1]Areyousurethisjointiscompletelytight?你能确定这个连接处很坚固吗？[例2]SheandFrankhadnevergotaroundtoopeningajointaccount.她和弗兰克还没有抽出时间去开联名账户。[造句]这幅画是他们合作的。Thispaintingistheirjointwork.[学问拓展](1)outofjoint (关节)脱位；脱臼；杂乱无章；混乱； 迷惑ajointdeclaration/statement 联合声明ajointeffort 共同的努力(2)joinvt.&vijoinsb.in(doing)sth. 加入某人做某事；和某人一起做某事[即学即练]——单句语法填空①ThechildrenjoinedintheEnglishEveningandhadagoodtime.②Ihadabadfall，whichputmyshoulderoutofjoint.③Letusmakeajoint(join)effortforthenoblecauseofadvancingpeaceandhumanprogress![小片段填空]HewillbejoinedbyFangFenglei，thechairmanofthejointventure，GoldmanSachsGaohuaSecuritiesCo.(join)(2)premieradj.最闻名的；第一的；首要的n．首相；总理[例1]SheattendsBritain'spremieruniversity.她就读于英国最好的高校。[例2]Thisparticularnameoriginatedwithanemperorandapremier.这个特别名字的来历与一位皇帝和一位丞相有关。[造句]他是那个国家的第一个舞台表演家。Heisthepremierstageperformerofthecountry.[学问拓展]takethepremierplace 占第一位，占首席Chinesepremier 中国总理beofpremierimportanceto 对……特别重要[即学即练]——完成句子①Hisworkonthecausesofdiseasesisofpremierimportancetothewholeworld.他对病因的探讨对整个世界来说特别重要。②Saftytakesthepremierplaceduringthemanufacturing.平安在生产过程中占第一位。eq\a\vs4\al(学问要点4)straightforwardadj.坦率的；简洁的[教材原句P15]Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree­and­easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent.他们对生活有一种直率、潇洒的看法，无论我走到哪里，他们的友好和热忱都让我感到宾至如归。[例1]Shegavemeastraightforwardanswer.她坦率地回答了我。[例2]Gettingfundingfortheprojectwasfarfromstraightforward.为这一项目找寻资金绝非易事。[造句]我想你会发觉这些都相当简洁。Ithinkyou'llfinditallquitestraightforward.[学问拓展]astraightforwardperson 坦率的人astraightforwardexplanation 率直的说明bestraightforwardwithsb.aboutsth. 关于……对某人坦率[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Hewasquitestraightforwardwithusaboutthedifficultiesinvolved.②Wouldsomeonebeabletogiveastraightforwardexplanation?SentencePatternseq\a\vs4\al(重点句式1)过去分词短语作状语[教材原句P14]Locatedtothesouthoftheequator，belowmanyothercountriesontheglobe，it'softeninformallyreferredtoas“downunder”．(澳大利亚)位于赤道以南，并在地球上很多国家的下方，它常被非正式地称为“downunder”。[句式分析]句中Locatedtothesouthoftheequator在句中作缘由状语。[例1]Lostinthought，shenearlyranintoatree.陷入深思，她差点撞到树上。[例2]Leftathome，Johndidn'tfeelafraidatall.被留在家里，约翰一点也不觉得胆怯 。[造句]这些书一个多星期以前就被下订单了，现在预料随时会到。Orderedoveraweekago，thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytimenow.[学问拓展]过去分词短语通常在句中作时间、缘由、条件、让步、伴随、方式等状语。过去分词通常与句子的主语构成被动关系，或表示动作已完成。[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子①Given(give)alotofmoney，helivedabetterlife.②Used(use)withcare，onetinwilllastforsixweeks.③Theteachercamein，followedbyagroupofstudents．老师进来了，后面跟着一群学生。eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式2)can'twaittodosth.迫不及待地想做某事[教材原句P14]Ican'twaittoseeallofthem!我迫不及待地要看到全部这些东西！[句式分析]句中can'twaittodosth.表示“迫不及待地想做某事”。[例1]Ican'twaittogetoutofthesewetclothes.我迫不及待地要脱下这些湿衣服。[例2]Wecanhardlywaittoseethem!我们迫不及待地想要见到他们！[造句]我急迫地想见到我的老同学们。Ican'twaittomeetmyoldclassmates.[学问拓展]canhardlywaittodosth./canhardlywaitforsth./cannotwaittodosth./cannotwaitforsth.迫不及待地想做某事[即学即练]——单句语法填空①Icanhardlywaittosee(see)thatmovie.②Icanhardlywaitforyouranswer.eq\a\vs4\al(重点句式3)wherever引导让步状语从句[教材原句P15]Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree­and­easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent．他们对生活有一种直率、潇洒的看法，无论我走到哪里，他们的友好和热忱都让我感到宾至如归。[句式分析]eq\x(句中whereverIwent为wherever引导的让步状语从句。)[例1]Whereverthefilmstargoes，therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.这位电影明星所到之处都有成群的人等着见她。[例2]Whereveritispossible，theillustrationsaretakenfromliterature.只要有可能，例证都取自文学作品。[造句]无论他在哪儿，我都要找到他。Iwillfindhimwhereverhemaybe.[学问拓展](1)whenever，wherever，however引导让步状语从句，相当于nomatterwhen/where/how。(2)whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句，在引导让步状语从句时相当于nomatterwhat/who/which/whom。[即学即练]——完成句子①Howeverlatehegoeshome，hismotherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.不管他多晚回家，母亲总会等他回来一起吃饭。②Youcancomewheneveryouwantandhavewhateveryoulike．您什么时候想来就来，想吃什么就吃什么。③Whateverdecisionhemade，Iwouldsupportit.无论他做出什么确定，我都支持。④Whoeverhasinterestinitcanapplyformembership.无论谁对它感爱好都可以申请成为会员。1．[教材原句P14]However，asImajorinsocialstudies，I'mmoreinterestedinmeetingpeopleinAustraliaandexperiencingtheirculture，food，andwayoflife.分析：句中asImajorinsocialstudies为as引导的缘由状语从句，主句中第一个and连接两个动名词短语，作介词in的宾语，其次个and连接三个并列宾语。译文：然而，由于我的专业是社会探讨，所以我更感爱好的是相识澳大利亚人，并体验澳大利亚的文化、食物和生活方式。2．[教材原句P14]SinceIarrived，myfriendhasbroughtmetomyfirstopen­airbarbecueandhasalsosharedmanydifferentbutyummymealswithme，somyfirstimpressionsofAustraliahavebeenallaboutfood!分析：句中SinceIarrived为since引导的时间状语从句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句。译文：由于我到了澳大利亚，我的挚友带我参与了我人生中的第一次露天烧烤，也和我共享了很多不同但美味的饭菜，所以我对澳大利亚的第一印象都是关于食物的！教材高考1.ThefoundationofAus(2024·江苏卷)Bornataninternationalcranefoundation，Emmawasraisedbyhumancaretakers.2.Theyhaveastraightforwardandfree­and­easyattitudetowardslife，andtheirfriendlinessandwarmthmademefeelathomewhereverIwent.(2024·全国卷Ⅰ)Theresearcherssaythatthekeyboardshouldbeprettystraightforwardtocommercializeandismostlymadeofinexpensive，plastic­likeparts.(2024·北京卷)Whateverstageoflifeyou'reat，whereveryougoandwhateverprojectyoudoinGDA，you'llcreatepositivechangesinapoorandremotecommunity(社区).Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Thehouseisunsafesincethefoundations(found)wereunderminedbyfloods.2．Itwastimenowtoshowmorepolitical(politics)realism.3．Theequatorisanimaginarylinearoundthemiddleoftheearth.4．Thebaker(bake)frostedthecakewithamixtureofsugarandwhitesofeggs.5．I'vegotajobinajoint(join)venturecompanythere.6．Therearemanyinfamousmurderersinhistory，knownastruebutchers(butcher)．7．Acidrainisnotstraightforwardly(straightforward)attributabletotheburningofcoal.8．Herbs(herb)havebeenusedforcenturiestomakerefreshingdrinks.Ⅱ.短语填空withoutfoundation；forpoliticalreasons；outofjoint；bestraightforwardwith；beofpremierimportanceto1．Therewassomethingoutofjointinthesituation.Somethingwasstrange.2．Infacttherumoriswithoutfoundation．3．Childreneducationisofpremierimportancetoaman'sgrowth.4．Iwanttobestraightforwardwithyou.5．Henrywasforcedtoleavehismotherlandforpoliticalreasons．Ⅲ.课文语法填空SinceIarrivedinSydney，myfirstimpressionsofAustralia1.havebeen(be)alla