江西省百所名校仿真模拟大联考高三下学期三模英语试卷

高三英语考试注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.HowwillMiaprobablygotoAustralia?A.Byair.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.2.Whenwillthespeakersarriveatthecinema?A.At4:00pm.B.At3:50pm.C.At3:30pm.3.WhosaysKatherinecanwatchTVforhalfanhoureachdaynow?A.Herparents.B.Heraunt.C.Herdoctor.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?ACatchingalaterflight.B.Askingthehotelforhelp.C.Puttingthetelephonenearthebed.5.HowdidBettyfindthegift?A.Satisfying.B.Disappointing.C.Embarrassing.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whendoesthemanplantowatchthegame?A.Today.B.Tomorrowmorning.C.Tomorrowafternoon.7.Whywouldthewomanratherstayathometomorrow?A.Itwillbeverycoldoutside.B.Thehometeamisplayingbadly.C.Shedoesn’tlikethenewplayers.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.WherewasthecatbeforeDaisylefttheroom?A.Onthedesk.B.Inthekitchen.C.Inthegarden.9.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.TelephoneJane.B.GotoJane’sgarden.C.Reporttothepolice.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10Whichmonthwasthecoldestlastyear?A.January.B.February.C.December.11.Whichseasonwasthebestseasonlastyear?A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Autumn.12.WhatwaslastAprillike?A.Wet.B.Hot.C.Cloudy.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofherpresentjob?A.Itischallenging.B.Itispromising.C.Itisboring.14.Whatlanguagemaythewomanbegoodat?A.Italy.B.French.C.Chinese.15.Whichofthefollowingextrabenefitsisunmentioned?A.Travel.B.Paidtraining.C.Vacation.16.Whatwillthewomanprobablydonext?A.Discovermoreextrabenefits.B.Quitherpresentjob.C.Applyforthejob.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatwasthepreviousworldbasketballmarathonrecord?A.84hours.B.90hours.C.96hours.18.Whendidtheplayersbegintheirbasketballmarathon?A.At2:00inthemorning.B.At5:00intheafternoon.C.At6:00intheevening.19.Whathappenedtotheplayersonthefirstnight?A.Theyhadmentalillness.B.Theycouldhardlyfallasleep.C.Theysufferedfrommuchpain.20.Howdidtheplayerslookinthelastfewminutes?A.Upset.B.Energetic.C.Tired.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AFourbestzoosintheUKLondonZooEstablishedin1828,LondonZooistheoldestscientificzoointheworld.ItissituatedinRegent’sParkandishometoaround755differentanimalspecieswithabout16,802animals.Inadditiontobeingfamousforbeingtheoldestscientificzoo,it’salsotheveryfirstzootolaunchanAquarium,anInsectHouse,aChildren’sZooandaReptileHouse.Ticketpricesonline:Children£15andadults£21.Under3—freeentry.ColchesterZooThischarmingchildfriendlyzoohasmorethan155specieslocatedwithin60acresofwellkeptland.Ithasatleast50displayseveryday,plentyofhandsonexperienceopportunitiesand5playareas.ItremainsuptodatebyexpandingcontinuouslyandchildrenareguaranteedtoenjoytheMadagascarexpressroadtrain.Ticketpricesonline:Children£14andadults£21.Under3—freeentry.WhipsnadeZooWhipsnadeZooistheUK’sbiggestzoosetinover600acresofbeautifulscenery.Itfirstopenedin1931andnowhouses227differentspeciesthatpriseover10,000animals.Theremarkablefeatureofthiszooisthewanderingherdsofelephantsthatfreelymovearoundthezoogrounds,makingitawonderfulplacetotakeexcellentnaturalpicturestoshowofftofriendsandfamily.Ticketpricesonline:Children£18andadults£25.Under3—freeentry.BristolZooThis12acrezoohousesmorethan450species.Moreover,ithasuseditsspaceresourcefullyforasmallzoo—probablyoneofthesmallestintheworld.Forexample,thelatestGorillaHouseisanawardwinningareawiththeworld’sfirstwalkableglassroof.Ticketpricesonline:Children£9andadults£14.Under2—noentryfee.1.WhatcanvisitorsdoinLondonZoo?A.VisittheInsectHouse.B.Experiencehandsonactivities.C.Performscientificexperiments.D.Takepicturesonawalkableglassroof.2.Whereshouldvisitorsgoiftheirkidswanttotakeasightseeingtrain?A.LondonZoo. B.ColchesterZoo.C.WhipsnadeZoo. D.BristolZoo.3.Howmuchshouldacouplewitha6yearoldpaytovisitthesmallestzoo?A.£18. B.£23. C.£37. D.£46.【答案】1.A2.B3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了英国最好的四家动物园的特色和票价等信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。由LondonZoo中第一段“Inadditiontobeingfamousforbeingtheoldestscientificzoo,it’salsotheveryfirstzootolaunchanAquarium,anInsectHouse,aChildren’sZooandaReptileHouse.(除了以最古老的科学动物园而闻名外，它还是第一个推出水族馆、昆虫馆、儿童动物园和爬行动物馆的动物园)”可知，游客在LondonZoo能参观昆虫馆。故选A项。【2题详解】细节理解题。由ColchesterZoo中第一段“ItremainsuptodatebyexpandingcontinuouslyandchildrenareguaranteedtoenjoytheMadagascarexpressroadtrain.(它通过不断扩大保持最新，并保证儿童能够享受马达加斯加快速公路列车)”可知，如果游客的孩子想乘坐观光火车，他们应该去ColchesterZoo。故选B项。【3题详解】细节理解题。由BristolZoo中第一段“Moreover,ithasuseditsspaceresourcefullyforasmallzoo—probablyoneofthesmallestintheworld.(此外，它很有资源地将自己的空间用于一个小型动物园——可能是世界上最小的动物园之一)”和第二段“Ticketpricesonline:Children£9andadults£14.Under2—noentryfee.(在线票价：儿童9英镑，成人14英镑。2岁以下——不收取入场费)”可知，一对有6岁孩子的夫妇参观最小的动物园应该花9英镑+14*2英镑=37英镑。故选C项。BInTelangana,southernIndia,a17yearoldteenager,HemeshChadalavada,ismakingwaveswithagamechanginginventionthathasthepotentialtorevolutionizedementia(痴呆)care.WhenHemeshwas12､hisgrandmotherJayasree,then63,accidentallyleftthegasoninthekitchenaftermakingherselfacupoftea.TheincidentfrightenedHemeshwhofoundhimselfwonderingwhatwouldhavehappenedifhehadn’tbeenthere.Witnessinghisgrandmothersufferfromdementia,Herneshknewthathehadtodosomething,soheturnedtotheInternet.Afterwatchingroboticscoursesonlineandtakingadvantageofhispassionforcoding,Hemeshsetaboutcreatingasmartdevice.Hespenttimeinadaycentretolearnmoreabouttheneedsofpeoplewithdementia.And20failedversionslater,theAlphaMonitorwasborn.Usingadvancedmachinelearningtechnology,thedevice,whichcanbewornonthewrist,sendsanautomaticalerttocaregiverswhenanyabnormalactivityisdetected,suchasiftheuserfallsdown,wandersoff,orhasanaccident.WhileotherdevicesrelyonWiFiandarethereforeunabletodetectmovementsoutsidealimitedrange,theAlphaMonitoruseslongrangetechnologythatcandetectaperson’smovementsmorethanamileawayincitiesandthreemilesawayinthecountryside.Sadly,Jayasreepassedawaylastyear,butherdeathhasonlyreinforcedHemesh’sdeterminationtocontinuehismissionofimprovingdementiacarefarandwide.DhruvSaidava,Hemesh’smentor,said,“IfirstmetHemeshin2019duringIdeateforIndia...Hemeshstoodout.Whatsethimapartwashisexceptionaltalentforthoroughresearchandhandsonability.”Infuture,heplanstodoresearchattheIndianInstituteofTechnology(IIT)DelhiandimprovetheAlphaMonitorsothatit’sreadyformarket.Hehasmadeitclearthathewantsthedevicetobesoldatanaffordablepricesothatit’saccessibletopeopleinlessdevelopedcountries.4.WhatinspiredHemesh’sinvention?A.Theconcernabouthisgrandma’ssecurity.B.Theenthusiasmforroboticsdevelopment.CThesympathyforpeoplesufferingfromdementia.D.Thedesiretoresearchintomachinelearningtechnology.5.HowisAlphaMonitorsuperiortootherdevices?A.Itgoesthroughaseriesoftests.B.Itcandetectabnormalactivities.C.Itisequippedwithanalertsystem.D.Itmonitorsaperson’sfartherdistance.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reinforced”inparagraph5mean?A.Changed. B.Illustrated. C.Strengthened. D.Restored.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeHemesh?A.Strongwilledandadventurous. B.Warmheartedandcreative.C.Responsibleandsensitive. D.Stubbornandgenerous.【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了印度17岁的青少年HemeshChadalavada发明了一款名为AlphaMonitor的智能设备，该设备可以应用于痴呆症患者的监测。【4题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“WhenHemeshwas12､hisgrandmotherJayasree,then63,accidentallyleftthegasoninthekitchenaftermakingherselfacupoftea.TheincidentfrightenedHemeshwhofoundhimselfwonderingwhatwouldhavehappenedifhehadn’tbeenthere.(Hemesh12岁时，他63岁的祖母Jayasree在给自己泡了一杯茶后，不小心让煤气在厨房里开着。这件事吓坏了Hemesh，他发现自己在想，如果他不在那里会发生什么)”可知，63岁的祖母Jayasree泡茶后忘关煤气，因Hemesh对祖母安全的担心，才激发了Hemesh发明AlphaMonitor。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中“WhileotherdevicesrelyonWiFiandarethereforeunabletodetectmovementsoutsidealimitedrange,theAlphaMonitoruseslongrangetechnologythatcandetectaperson’smovementsmorethanamileawayincitiesandthreemilesawayinthecountryside.(虽然其他设备依赖WiFi，因此无法检测有限范围外的运动，但AlphaMonitor使用远程技术，可以检测一英里外城市和三英里外农村的人的运动)”可知，AlphaMonitor优于其他设备的地方在于它可以监测一个人的更远距离的运动。故选D项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。由第五段中“Sadly,Jayasreepassedawaylastyear,butherdeathhasonlyreinforcedHemesh’sdeterminationtocontinuehismissionofimprovingdementiacarefarandwide.(不幸的是，Jayasree于去年去世，但她的去世只会reinforcedHemesh继续其改善痴呆症护理使命的决心)”和最后一段中“Infuture,heplanstodoresearchattheIndianInstituteofTechnology(IIT)DelhiandimprovetheAlphaMonitorsothatit’sreadyformarket.(未来，他计划在德里印度理工学院（IIT）进行研究，并改进AlphaMonitor，使其为市场做好准备)”可知，未来Hemesh要改进AlphaMonitor并使其进入市场，可得出祖母的去世加强了他继续其改善痴呆症护理使命的决心，划线词意为“Strengthened(加强)”。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。由第二段中“WhenHemeshwas12､hisgrandmotherJayasree,then63,accidentallyleftthegasoninthekitchenaftermakingherselfacupoftea.TheincidentfrightenedHemeshwhofoundhimselfwonderingwhatwouldhavehappenedifhehadn’tbeenthere.(Hemesh12岁时，他63岁的祖母Jayasree在给自己泡了一杯茶后，不小心让煤气在厨房里开着。这件事吓坏了Hemesh，他发现自己在想，如果他不在那里会发生什么)”和第三段中“Afterwatchingroboticscoursesonlineandtakingadvantageofhispassionforcoding,Hemeshsetaboutcreatingasmartdevice.(在网上观看了机器人课程后，利用他对编码的热情，Hemesh开始创造一种智能设备)”可知，63岁的祖母Jayasree泡茶后忘关煤气，因Hemesh对祖母安全的担心，才激发了Hemesh发明AlphaMonitor，可得出Hemesh既暖心又有创造力。故选B项。CAfteraheavysnowstorm,Iranoutsideexcitedlytobuildasnowman.Nomatterhowhard1rolledmysnowball,itrefusedtogrow.Afterrestingforawhile,Irestartedthejob.ThenInoticedIhadanaudience—aprim(古板的)lookingcouplewithobviousdisapproval.MyfaceturnedredasItriedtoanswertheirunspokenquestion:Don’tyouhaveanythingbettertodo?Anadultplayingbyherselfseemsstrange,butmaybeitshouldn’t.Newresearchsuggeststhatmodernadultshaveignoredtheirplayinstinct(本能).Mostanimalsstopplayingasadults.However,thereareahandfulofanimalsthatneverstop.Onepossibilityisthatadultplayisimportantandbeneficial,atheorysupportedbyastudy.Researchersleftsomepuzzleboxesforsomemonkeystosolve.Togetthefoodinside,theyhadtodroparockintothecontainer.Themonkeysthatpreviouslyhaddroppedrocksforfunweremorelikelytosolvethepuzzle.Thisfindingalsosuggestssomewhereinourevolutionaryhistory,aplayfulhumaninventedstonetools.Eventoday,theurgetoplayaccountsforsomeofhumanity’sgreatestinventions.Adultplaypromotesinclusivity,cooperationandcreativity—allqualitiesthatwehumanscoulduse.Unfortunately,socialnormsholdbackoururgetoletloose.Whenstudyingthelastremaininghuntergatherermunities.PeterGray,aplayresearcheratBostonCollege,noticedtheywereoftendescribedas“joyful”.“Thismakesevolutionarysense,”Graysays.“Generallyspeaking,weliketodothingsthatarenecessaryforoursurvival.”Humanstookonegiantstepawayfromfunwhenwestartedplantingcrops.Wespentalotoftimeplowing(耕)fields,sowehadmuchlesstimetoplay.Withthreatslikeclimatechange,it’seasytogetintoseriousness.Butweshouldunderstandthevalueofencouragingadultplay.ThenexttimeI’mcaughtplaying,Iknowwhattosay,“I’mplayingforthebenefitofallhumanity.You’rewele.”8.Whydidtheauthorfeelembarrassed?A.Sheconsideredherselftoooldtoplay.B.Shewasjudgedtobehaveimproperly.C.Shehadahardjobmakingasnowman.D.Shewaslaughedatwhileplayingasanadult.9.Whatcanbeinferredaboutadultplayfromparagraph3?A.Itpromoteshumanevolution.B.Itisthenaturalneedofhumans.C.Itisparticularlynoticeableinanimals.D.Itcancontributetousefulinventions.10.Whichofthefollowingmaylethumansreducethepleasureofplaying?A.Climatechange. B.Theneedtolookforfood.C.Modernscience. D.Thearrivalofagriculture.11.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Let’splaytosaveourworldB.PlayisenjoyednotjustbyanimalsC.WhyadultsneedtomaketimeforplayD.Howadultplaychangeditsroleforhumans【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在现代社会中，人们常会对充满玩心的成年人持否定态度，但事实上，“玩”这一活动非常重要，可以帮助人们培养各种素质，从而能够更好地解决问题，呼吁人们理解鼓励成人游戏的价值。【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段“Afteraheavysnowstorm,Iranoutsideexcitedlytobuildasnowman.Nomatterhowhard1rolledmysnowball,itrefusedtogrow.Afterrestingforawhile,Irestartedthejob.ThenInoticedIhadanaudience—aprim(古板的)lookingcouplewithobviousdisapproval.MyfaceturnedredasItriedtoanswertheirunspokenquestion:Don’tyouhaveanythingbettertodo?(一场暴风雪过后，我兴奋地跑到外面堆雪人。不管我怎么滚雪球，它都不肯长大。休息了一会儿后，我又开始堆雪人。然后我注意到有观众——一对古板的夫妇，明显不赞同我的做法。我脸红了，试图回答他们未说出口的问题——难道你就没有更好的事情可做吗？)”和第二段中“Anadultplayingbyherselfseemsstrange,butmaybeitshouldn’t.(一个成年人独自玩耍似乎很奇怪，但也许不应该如此)”可知，一对夫妇看到作者一个成年人在堆雪人，认为作者的这种行为很奇怪（暗指，作者的年龄不适合玩这种游戏了），这令作者感到尴尬。故选A项。【9题详解】推理判断题。由第三段中“Thisfindingalsosuggestssomewhereinourevolutionaryhistory,aplayfulhumaninventedstonetools.Eventoday,theurgetoplayaccountsforsomeofhumanity’sgreatestinventions.(这一发现也表明，在我们的进化史上，好玩的人类曾发明过石器。即使在今天，玩游戏的冲动也是人类一些最伟大发明的原因)”可知，成年人玩耍可以为有用的创造发明做出贡献。故选D项。【10题详解】细节理解题。由第四段中“Humanstookonegiantstepawayfromfunwhenwestartedplantingcrops.Wespentalotoftimeplowing(耕)fields,sowehadmuchlesstimetoplay.(当我们开始种植作物时，人类离乐趣又差了一大步。我们花了很多时间耕地，所以我们玩的时间少得多)”可知，农业的到来，会让人类减少玩耍的乐趣。故选D项。【11题详解】主旨大意题。结合最后一段“Withthreatslikeclimatechange,it’seasytogetintoseriousness.Butweshouldunderstandthevalueofencouragingadultplay.ThenexttimeI’mcaughtplaying,Iknowwhattosay,“I’mplayingforthebenefitofallhumanity.You’rewele.”(面对气候变化这样的威胁，人们很容易变得严肃起来。但我们应该理解鼓励成人玩耍的价值。下次我玩游戏的时候，我知道该怎么说：“我是为了全人类的利益而玩。欢迎你。”)”并且通读全文可知，文章讲述了在现代社会中，人们常会对充满玩心的成年人持否定态度，但事实上，“玩”这一活动非常重要，可以帮助人们培养各种素质，从而能够更好地解决问题，呼吁人们理解鼓励成人游戏的价值，由此可知。C项“为什么成年人需要腾出时间玩耍”适合作文章标题。故选C项。DOnAugust21,1986,amanmakinghiswaytoNyos,avillagenearalakeinnorthwestCameroon,founddozensofdeadanimalsalongtheroad.Hecalledintoahometoseeiftheresidentsknewwhathadhappened.Insteadofgettinganswers,themandiscoveredthateveryoneinthevillagewasdead,thoughtheyseemedotherwiseunharmed.Withindays,officialsconfirmedthatmorethan1,700peoplehaddied,alongwithseveralthousandanimals.ThestrangeandtragiceventseemedsimilartoonethatoccurredatLakeMonountwoyearsearlier,just60milestothesouth,wherevillagersfound37peopleandmanyanimalsdeadalongitsshores.Initially,authoritieswereconfusedaboutthecause.Witnessesreportedhearingstrangesoundsandseeingasuddenriseofwhitecloudfromthelake,whichquicklydisappeared.Fortunately,thedisastercaughttheworld’sattention.ScientistsfromaroundtheglobegatheredinNyostoinvestigate.BecauseLakeNyossitsonaninactivevolcano,theirfirsttheorywasthatthevolcanohaderuptedandsentpoisonousgasesintotheair.Afterfurtherresearch,however,theyfoundthecausewasmuchmoreunusual.Thedeadlyeventswerecalledlimnic(湖泊的)eruptions.Althoughdeadlyandterrifying,limniceruptionsareextremelyunlikely.Theyoccurwhendissolved(溶解的)carbondioxide(CO2)suddenlyeruptsfromthedeepwatersofalake,formingadeadlygascloudabovethesurface.Becausecarbondioxideisheavierthanair,thecloudwillsinktowardtheground,killingwildlife,livestockandhumans.Carbondioxidedissolvesmoreeasilyinthedeep,coldpartsoflakes.Asaresult,thebottomofdeeplakecanhaveveryhighlevelsofcarbondioxide,whilethelevelsdecreasetowardsthelake’ssurface,andthepressureatthebottombuildsandbuilds.Anychangesinpressurecansetofftherapidandforcefulreleaseoftheaccumulatedcarbondioxide,causinganeruption.It’sunclearwhatcausedthelakestoexplode,butconsideringthey’reneartheOkuVolcanicField,it’spossiblethatanearthquakeorasmallvolcaniceruptionoccurredbeforeeachdisaster.12.Whyarethenumbersmentionedinparagraph2?A.Toarousetheempathyofthereaders.B.Todisplaythedestructiveeffectoftheevents.C.Toprovethenecessityofpreparingfordisasters.D.Tohighlightthedifficultylookingintothecause.13.WhatistoblameforthemassdeathsinNyos?A.HighconcentrationsofCO2.B.Thegreatpowerofthelakeexplosion.C.Poisonousgasesfromavolcanoeruption.D.Thelakewaterfloodingthenearbyvillages.14.Whichmayhavenothingtodowithlimniceruptions?A.Anearthquake. B.Dissolvedcarbondioxide.C.Greatpressuredifferences. D.Warmenvironments.15.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Acharityposter. B.Abiography.C.Asciencemagazine. D.Aculturalwebsite.【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了喀麦隆西北部湖泊附近的尼奥斯村和莫农湖附近发生了人员不知怎么的大规模死亡灾难性事件，解释了其产生的原因——湖泊喷发，湖泊喷发时产生的高浓度的二氧化碳杀死了人和动植物。【12题详解】推理判断题。由第二段“Withindays,officialsconfirmedthatmorethan1,700peoplehaddied,alongwithseveralthousandanimals.ThestrangeandtragiceventseemedsimilartoonethatoccurredatLakeMonountwoyearsearlier,just60milestothesouth,wherevillagersfound37peopleandmanyanimalsdeadalongitsshores.(几天之内，官方证实有1700多人死亡，还有数千只动物死亡。这起奇怪而悲惨的事件似乎与两年前发生在南部60英里外的莫农湖的事件相似，当时村民们发现莫农湖沿岸有37人和许多动物死亡)”可知，此处灾难性事件动植物大量死亡，第二段用具体数字可展示这些事件的破坏性影响。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。由第三段中“Afterfurtherresearch,however,theyfoundthecausewasmuchmoreunusual.Thedeadlyeventswerecalledlimnic(湖泊的)eruptions.(然而，经过进一步的研究，他们发现原因更不寻常。这些致命事件被称为湖泊喷发)”和第四段中“Theyoccurwhendissolved(溶解的)carbondioxide(CO2)suddenlyeruptsfromthedeepwatersofalake,formingadeadlygascloudabovethesurface.Becausecarbondioxideisheavierthanair,thecloudwillsinktowardtheground,killingwildlife,livestockandhumans.(当溶解的二氧化碳（CO2）突然从湖泊深水中喷出，在水面上形成致命的气体云时，就会发生湖泊喷发。由于二氧化碳比空气重，云层会向地面下沉，杀死野生动物、牲畜和人类)”可知，尼奥斯的大规模死亡应该归咎于湖泊喷发时产生的高浓度的二氧化碳。故选A项。【14题详解】细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Carbondioxidedissolvesmoreeasilyinthedeep,coldpartsoflakes.Asaresult,thebottomofdeeplakecanhaveveryhighlevelsofcarbondioxide,whilethelevelsdecreasetowardsthelake’ssurface,andthepressureatthebottombuildsandbuilds.Anychangesinpressurecansetofftherapidandforcefulreleaseoftheaccumulatedcarbondioxide,causinganeruption.(二氧化碳在湖泊深处寒冷的地方更容易溶解。因此，深湖底部的二氧化碳含量可能非常高，而二氧化碳含量向湖面下降，底部的压力越来越大。压力的任何变化都会导致积聚的二氧化碳迅速而有力地释放，从而引发湖泊喷发)”和最后一段“It’sunclearwhatcausedthelakestoexplode,butconsideringthey’reneartheOkuVolcanicField,it’spossiblethatanearthquakeorasmallvolcaniceruptionoccurredbeforeeachdisaster.(目前尚不清楚是什么原因导致了这些湖泊的喷发，但考虑到它们靠近奥库火山场，每次灾难发生前都有可能发生地震或小规模火山喷发)”可知，高含量溶解的二氧化碳、巨大的压力差和地震都可能导致湖泊喷发，D项“温暖的环境”未提及，与湖泊喷发无关。故选D项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了喀麦隆西北部湖泊附近的尼奥斯村和莫农湖附近发生了人员不知怎么的大规模死亡灾难性事件，解释了其产生的原因——湖泊喷发，湖泊喷发时产生的高浓度的二氧化碳杀死了人和动植物，属于科普知识一类，文章可能出自“一本科学杂志”。故选C项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoeUpwithInnovativeIdeasSuccessintoday’sdynamicandpetitivebusinessenvironmentissignificantlyinfluencedbyinnovationservingasakeydriverforprogress.____16____So,howcanyouunlockyourcreativegeniusandeupwithideasthatwillsetyouapartfromothers?Let’sexploreexperttipsonhowtoeupwithinnovativeideasthatwillhelpyoustandoutinyourindustry.Embracefailure.Innovationofteninvolvestakingrisksandgoingtounfamiliarplaces,makingfailureanunavoidableaspect.____17____Whenfacedwithfailure,investtimeinanalyzingwhatwentwronganddrawonthatinsighttostartyoursubsequentattempts.Lookforinspirationeverywhere.Innovativeideascanefromanywhere—fromyourcustomersandpetitorstopopcultureandnature.____18____Attendindustryevents,andreadbooksandarticlestohelpstimulateyourcreativity.Cooperatewithothers.Cooperationisakeyingredientininnovation.Workingwithotherswhohavedifferentskillsandperspectives,youmaygeneratenewideasandsolutionsthatyoumightnothavethoughtofonyourown.____19________20____Whereyouworksignificantlyinfluencesyourcreativityandabilitytogenerateinnovativeideas.Ensureyourworkspacepromotescreativitybyminimizingdistractionsandchaos.Surroundyourselfwithinspiration,suchasart,quotes,andphotos.A.Keepanopenmindandreflect.B.Bemindfulofyourenvironment.C.Butingupwithinnovativeideasiseasiersaidthandone.D.Makesuretoviewitasanopportunityforlearningandgrowth.E.It’sessentialtoremainopentoinspirationfromdiversesources.F.Sometimesthebestideasewhenyou’renotactivelythinkingaboutthem.G.Lookforopportunitiestoworkwithcolleagues,industrypeersandevencustomers.【答案】16.C17.D18.E19.G20.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了提出创新想法的方法，帮助您在行业中脱颖而出。【16题详解】上文“Successintoday’sdynamicandpetitivebusinessenvironmentissignificantlyinfluencedbyinnovation,servingasakeydriverforprogress.(在当今充满活力和竞争的商业环境中，成功在很大程度上受到创新的影响，创新是进步的关键驱动力。)”讲到创新在行业成功中的重要性，下文“So,howcanyouunlockyourcreativegeniusandeupwithideasthatwillsetyouapartfromothers?Let’sexploreexperttipsonhowtoeupwithinnovativeideasthatwillhelpyoustandoutinyourindustry.(那么，你如何释放你的创造力，并想出能让你与众不同的想法呢？让我们来探讨一下如何想出创新的想法，帮助你在行业中脱颖而出的专家建议。)”引出就如何释放创造力将要给出一些方法。可推测该空应该讲到创新并不是简单的事情，这样才能引出下文给出的释放创造力的方法，C选项“但是提出创新的想法说起来容易做起来难。”切合语境。故选C项。【17题详解】由小标题“Embracefailure.(拥抱失败)”和下文“Whenfacedwithfailure,investtimeinanalyzingwhatwentwronganddrawonthatinsighttostartyoursubsequentattempts.(当面临失败时，投入时间分析出了什么问题，并利用这些见解开始后续尝试。)”可知，本段作者建议通过拥抱失败，利用反思失败后获得的见解重新开始，来释放创造力，说明作者希望读者把失败看成学习的机会，D选项“一定要把它看作是一个学习和成长的机会。”切合语境。故选D项。【18题详解】由上文“Lookforinspirationeverywhere.Innovativeideascanefromanywhere—fromyourcustomersandpetitorstopopcultureandnature.(到处寻找灵感。创新想法可以来自任何地方——从你的客户和竞争对手到流行文化和自然。)”可知，本段作者建议通过到处（例如从你的客户和竞争对手到流行文化和自然）寻找灵感，来释放创造力，E选项“对来自不同来源的灵感保持开放态度是至关重要的。”进一步讲述了上文这样做的重要性，切合语境。故选E项。【19题详解】由小标题“Cooperatewithothers.(与他人合作)”和上文“Workingwithotherswhohavedifferentskillsandperspectives,youmaygeneratenewideasandsolutionsthatyoumightnothavethoughtofonyourown.(与具有不同技能和观点的其他人合作，你可能会产生你自己可能想不到的新想法和解决方案。)”可知，本段作者建议通过与不同的人合作寻找灵感，来释放创造力，G选项“寻找与同事、行业同行甚至客户合作的机会。”是对上文的举例说明，表明可以和哪些人合作，切合语境。故选G项。【20题详解】该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“Whereyouworksignificantlyinfluencesyourcreativityandabilitytogenerateinnovativeideas.Ensureyourworkspacepromotescreativitybyminimizingdistractionsandchaos.(你的工作地点会显著影响你的创造力和产生创新想法的能力。确保你的工作空间通过最大限度地减少分心和混乱来提升创造力。)”可知，环境会影响创造力的发挥，可得出本段作者建议读者通过注意自身的环境，来释放创造力，B选项“注意你的环境。”切合语境。故选B项。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Lifeisaseriesofunexpectedandunforeseenevents.Someofthembringaboutweleandpleasantconsequences,whilesometimestheydonot____21____anyjoy.Infact,theycanbedestructiveandunfortunate.Butduringthesetrialsandhardships,theloveandkindnessofotherscanmakeaworldof____22____.Itcanevensavealife,aswasthecaseforaparalyzed(瘫痪的)maninawheelchairfromDallas,Texas.DennisBrown,whois____23____toawheelchair,wasinarentalcarwhenthevehicleburstinto____24____suddenly.Whenhelookedup,he____25____thefireextendingseveralfeetfromthefrontofthecar,____26____himimmediatelyandsendingsmokehighintotheskyabove.____27____,apletestrangerputherlifeatrisktorescueDennis,whodidn’t____28____totakeaction.Thewoman____29____Dennisoutoftheburningcar,shiftinghimto_____30_____.ButbeforeDenniswasabletoshowhis_____31_____,shehadleftquietly.Dennissaidthathewaseagertohavetheopportunitytosaythankstohisrescuer.ButDennisisnottheonlypersongratefultothe_____32_____woman.Dennis’mother,JuliaBrown,willforever____33____appreciationtothewomanforher_____34_____deed.“Icannotthankherenough,”Juliasaid.“Becauseifshehadn’t_____35_____theassistanceintime,Iwouldhavelosthim.Shewasahero!”21.A.yield B.request C.deserve D.extend22.A.imagination B.challenges C.difference D.possibilities23.A.connected B.restricted C.mitted D.applied24.A.smoke B.water C.explosions D.flames25.A.judged B.spotted C.thought D.doubted26.A.blaming B.searching C.surrounding D.distracting27.A.Fortunately B.Obviously C.Gradually D.Eventually28.A.hesitate B.attempt C.reflect D.bother29.A.attracted B.dragged C.persuaded D.stroke30.A.optimism B.freedom C.safety D.reality31.A.kindness B.interest C.wealth D.gratitude32.A.creative B.mystery C.modest D.intelligent33.A.reward B.rescue C.honour D.owe34.A.incredible B.consistent C.elegant D.bad35.A.concentratedon B.eacross C.gotinvolvedin D.takenresponsibilityfor【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.D25.B26.C27.A28.A29.B30.C31.D32.B33.D34.A35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位陌生女子勇敢地从着火的汽车中救出了坐在轮椅上的瘫痪男子DennisBrown的故事。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些事情会带来愉快的结果，而有时它们不会带来任何快乐。A.yield产生；B.request要求；C.deserve值得；D.extend延伸。根据空前的“while”及空后的“anyjoy”可知，此处应与前文“bringaboutweleandpleasantconsequences”形成对比，表示“产生”快乐的结果，yield符合语境。故选A。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在这些考验和困难时期，他人的爱和善良可以让世界变得不同。A.imagination想象；B.challenges挑战；C.difference差异；D.possibilities可能性。根据空前的“theloveandkindnessofothers”及下文讲述的陌生女子救了DennisBrown的故事可知，他人的爱和善良可以让世界变得不同，makeaworldofdifference“使大不相同”。故选C。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：DennisBrown被限制在轮椅上，当时他正坐在一辆租来的车里，汽车突然起火。A.connected连接；B.restricted限制；C.mitted承诺；D.applied应用。根据空后的“toawheelchair”可知，DennisBrown被限制在轮椅上，berestrictedto“被限制在……”。故选B。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：DennisB