新高考英语二轮复习大题突破+限时集训专题05 阅读理解七选五（解析版）

专题05阅读理解七选五七选五作为高考英语全国卷中的一道必考和重点题型，考查以说明文为主，内容、主题多是社会生活和文化科技；题型以段中句为主，段首句和段尾句为辅。主要考查考生的逻辑能力,包括整篇语言逻辑和句与句之间上下文逻辑关系的判断;备选答案中含有两个干扰选项,这两个干扰选项在表面上看往往与正确答案有一定的相关性,这给考生解题带来很大的困难；文章篇幅较长，解题时间有限，一旦出错，往往一错错一串，是特别容易丢分的题型。与完形填空相比,补全短文空缺的是5个句子，无法从句子层面寻找线索，所以分析语篇结构和理清空格与上下文之间的逻辑关系显得异常重要。可以说，此题型是对语言能力和阅读理解能力的综合测试，因此在要求上远远高于这两种题型。考生有必要对这类题型的答题思路多练习，以提高自己在这个部分的应试能力。Fakenewsspreadsrapidly,especiallyonsocialmedia.Asstudentsprogressintheireducation,theyneedtobeabletodistinguishfakenewsstoriesfromtrue,fact-checkedjournalism.____1____CheckthehistoryandreputationoftheauthorandpublicationMostfakenewssiteshavejustexistedforashorttime.____2____Ifit’ssharingapopulararticledisgracingapoliticianrunningforofficein2020,forexample,butthewebsiteitselfisnewly-created,it’slikelythatthearticleandsitearenottrustworthy.____3____Whenabignewseventoccurs,multiplemediaorganizationswillreportit.Searchforotherpublicationsthathavepostedstoriesaboutthenews.Ifnoothernewsoutletsarereportingthestory,it’sprobablyafake.Becautiousaboutsensational(耸人听闻的)headlinesFakenewsisdesignedtostrikeanimmediateemotionalchordinaudiencesbyusinganalarmingheadline.Oftenpeoplesharesuchastorybasedmerelyontheheadline.____4____Ifaheadlineseemsridiculous,orsimplylackstheringoftruth,searchforreliablesourcesthatconfirmtheaccuracyofthestory.Carefullyexaminephotosandothermediaaccompanyingthestories____5____Ifyouseeashockingorparticularlyengagingphotoorvideoinanarticle,takeamomenttodeterminewhetheritisintendedonlytoarouseanemotionalreactioninreaders.UseaservicesuchasTinEyetofindwhereelseitappears.Often,thereisanoriginalversionthattellsadifferentstory.A．Theyevenhaven’treadthearticleitself.B．Here’souradviceonhowtospotafake.C．Comparethenewswithsomeotherbignews.D．Determinewhetherothermediaarereportingthesamenews.E．Fakenewsprovidersoftenuseeye-catchingphotosorvideos.F．Photosandvideosusedinnewsareusuallyverybeautifulandattractive.G．YoucanfindoutthatbyenteringitsaddressintheDomainAgeChecker.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在网上辨别假新闻的四种方法。1．B【解析】上文“Asstudentsprogressintheireducation,theyneedtobeabletodistinguishfakenewsstoriesfromtrue,fact-checkedjournalism.(随着学生在教育中的进步，他们需要能够区分假新闻报道和真实的、经过事实核查的新闻报道。)”指出辨别假新闻对于学生学习的必要性；下文“Checkthehistoryandreputationoftheauthorandpublication(检查作者和出版物的历史和声誉)”介绍了在网上辨别假新闻的方法之一。B项“Here’souradviceonhowtospotafake.(以下是我们关于如何发现假新闻的建议。)”，承接上文，引出下文，符合语境。故选B。2．G【解析】上文“Mostfakenewssiteshavejustexistedforashorttime.(大多数假新闻网站都存在很短时间。)”指出假新闻网站存在时间短；下文“Ifit’ssharingapopulararticledisgracingapoliticianrunningforofficein2020,forexample,butthewebsiteitselfisnewly-created,it’slikelythatthearticleandsitearenottrustworthy.(例如，如果它分享了一篇关于2020年竞选的政客的热门文章，但网站本身是新创建的，那么这篇文章和网站很可能不可信。)”举例说明哪些网站和其中的新闻不可信。G项“YoucanfindoutthatbyenteringitsaddressintheDomainAgeChecker.(您可以通过在域名年龄检查器中输入其地址来了解这一点。)”，承接上文，建议读者要通过一些方法途径核实假新闻网站，而下文又是对该选项的解释，故该选项符合语境。故选G。3．D【解析】下文“Whenabignewseventoccurs,multiplemediaorganizationswillreportit.(当重大新闻事件发生时，多家媒体机构将对其进行报道。)”指出多家媒体报道的重大新闻是真实的。D项“Determinewhetherothermediaarereportingthesamenews.(确定其他媒体是否在报道相同的新闻。)”与下文语义相近，建议如果其他媒体也报道该新闻，能确认这则新闻的真实性，符合语境，可以用做这一段的小标题，作为甄别真假新闻的方式之一。故选D。4．A【解析】上文“Oftenpeoplesharesuchastorybasedmerelyontheheadline.(人们通常只根据标题分享这样的故事。)”指出人们通常根据标题，就会分享故事；A项“Theyevenhaven’treadthearticleitself.(他们甚至没有读过这篇文章本身。)”，承接上文，指出人们只阅读标题，根本就没有读文章本身，就将故事分享出去，符合语境。故选A。5．E【解析】上文小标题“Carefullyexaminephotosandothermediaaccompanyingthestories(仔细检查伴随故事的照片和其他媒体)”指出要仔细检查伴随故事的照片和其他媒体；E项“Fakenewsprovidersoftenuseeye-catchingphotosorvideos.(假新闻提供者经常使用引人注目的照片或视频。)”，和上文一致，指出假新闻提供引人注目的照片视频，因此才需要上文提及的仔细检查。故选E。技巧1：依据词汇线索词汇线索主要包括代词线索和词汇复现两种情况。(1)代词线索英语表达中,代词出现的频率极高。代词主要是为避免重复,用于指代前面提到的人或物，有时也用于指代前面提到的名词或概念。巧妙利用这样的指代关系可以有效地帮助我们做出正确的选择。(2)词汇复现词汇复现指相同词汇的重复使用、同义词和近义词的复现或同一范畴词的复现。英语的线性思维表现为第一句话的宾语,往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同或重叠的词语。这种前后句语义的衔接常以句子中关键词(常为名词、动词、形容词)的同义词、近义词(组)或反义词(组)复现的方式来实现。解题时可以利用这些词作为解题线索。技巧2：依据逻辑和衔接关系文章由段落组成,围绕中心话题展开。各段、句之间形成一定的语义逻辑关系,有总分、并列、层递、转折、对比、解释、例证、因果关系等。“七选五”阅读理解的解题策略之一就是理清这些关系,并据此选出正确答案。技巧3：依据空格位置(1)空格在段首当某段开头处设空时,通常要填的内容是该段的主题句，考生需要认真研读该段内容，尤其是设空处后面的一两句，确定线索词，然后从备选项中查找这些线索词的同义词、近义词或关联词。一般正确选项与空后第一句在内容上是连贯且符合逻辑的，在意义上是紧密衔接的。(2)空格在段中当设空在段中时,通常考查该空与前后句子之间的逻辑关系和上下文的衔接。考查的逻辑关系：总分关系、解释关系、例证关系、转折关系、因果关系、递进关系和并列关系7大关系。有时会出现下列衔接词语:first，second，then，next,later,soon,so,but,however,additionally,what'smore,thatis,namely,inotherwords,foronething...foran-other等。(3)空格在段尾当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句。是对上文的概括总结。如果缺的是结论性、概括性的语句,考生应快速浏览七个备选项,注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论总结等的信号词,如so，therefore,asaresult,inshort，inaword，allinall等词或短语，快速缩小选择范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项。一、Pushingyourselfoutofyourcomfortzoneandtrysomethingalittlescarycanhelpyougetintothehabitnotoffailingbutoflearningfromeachnewexperience.Trythefollowing:____1____Thegoodnewsisthatyouneedn’tgoabroadinordertomakeafoolofyourself!Therearealmostcertaintoberestaurantsinyourcityrunbypeoplewhodonotspeakthesamefirst-languageasyou.Don’tworryifyourgraspoftheirlanguageisimperfect.____2____Andwhocaresiftheylaugh!?Laughalongwiththem.Datesomeoneyouwouldnormallyavoid.Obviously,thisdoesnotmeandatingsomeoneyoufindunattractiveorthreatening.But,let’ssayyouareamanandnormallydategirlswhoareambitiousandcareer-minded.Ofcourse,thedatemaybeacompletedisaster.Youmayevenfindyourselfreducedtosilence,whileshesitstherelookingboredtodeath.____3____Trycookingamealforfamilyorfriends.Ifyouarethesortofpersonwhofindstoastedsandwichescomplicated,trymakingathreecoursemealforfriends.Remember,youarelearningtoapproachfailureinanewway.Ifthatseemstoobigadeal,trysimplycookingdinnerforyourpartner.____4____Youmayusetoomuchsugar,orleavethemeatinfortoolong,ornotrealizethatyoushouldhaveplaceditonthebottomshelfoftheoven,orwhatever.Aweeklater,trythesamemealagain,thistimecorrectingyourmistakes.____5____Youcanbesurethatyourfavouritechefmesseduphersignaturedishnumeroustimesbeforeshegotitright—indeed,thatishowshegotitright!A．Orderfoodinaforeignlanguage.B．Learntovalueandevenacceptfailure.C．Thingswillalmostcertainlygowrong.D．Butitwillatleastbeanewkindofexperience.E．Butfailuredoeshavevaluablelessonstoteach.F．Thewaiterswillalmostcertainlyappreciateyoureffort.G．Cookingisanexcellentexampleofhowpeoplelearnthroughfailure.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了走出舒适区的方法。1．A【解析】本题为段落的主题句。根据后文“Thegoodnewsisthatyouneedn’tgoabroadinordertomakeafoolofyourself!Therearealmostcertaintoberestaurantsinyourcityrunbypeoplewhodonotspeakthesamefirst-languageasyou.(好消息是，你不必为了出丑而出国！几乎可以肯定，在你居住的城市里，有些餐馆的老板的母语和你不一样。)”可知，此处强调的是为了让自己走出舒适圈可以尝试去一些外国人开的餐馆尝试用外语点餐。A选项“Orderfoodinaforeignlanguage.(用外语点餐。)”概括本段段旨，引起下文。故选A。2．F【解析】根据空前“Don’tworryifyourgraspoftheirlanguageisimperfect.(如果你对他们语言的掌握不够完美，也不要担心。)”可知，当去外国餐馆点餐的时候，不用担心自己的语言不好。由此推知，后文应该提出不用担心的原因。F选项“Thewaiterswillalmostcertainlyappreciateyoureffort.(服务员几乎肯定会感激你的努力。)”符合题意。故选F。3．D【解析】根据本段段首“Datesomeoneyouwouldnormallyavoid.(和你通常会避开的人约会。)”以及空前“Youmayevenfindyourselfreducedtosilence,whileshesitstherelookingboredtodeath.(你甚至会发现自己陷入沉默，而她却坐在那里无聊得要死。)”可知，为了让自己跳出舒适圈，可以去和一些通常会避开的人约会，尽管你会发现自己陷入沉默，而她却坐在那里无聊得要死，可是这对你来说至少是一次新的体验。D选项“Butitwillatleastbeanewkindofexperience.(但这至少会是一种新的体验。)”与前文构成转折关系，符合文意。故选D。4．C【解析】根据后文“Youmayusetoomuchsugar,orleavethemeatinfortoolong,ornotrealizethatyoushouldhaveplaceditonthebottomshelfoftheoven,orwhatever.(你可能放了太多的糖，或者把肉放在里面太久，或者没有意识到你应该把它放在烤箱的底层，等等。)”可知，在尝试做饭的过程中你会犯很多错误。C选项“Thingswillalmostcertainlygowrong.(事情几乎肯定会出错。)”总结了上面在自己尝试做饭的过程中所犯的错误，符合文意。故选C。5．G【解析】根据本段段首“Trycookingamealforfamilyorfriends.(试着为家人或朋友做顿饭。)”以及空后“Youcanbesurethatyourfavouritechefmesseduphersignaturedishnumeroustimesbeforeshegotitright—indeed,thatishowshegotitright!(你可以肯定，你最喜欢的厨师在做出正确的菜之前，已经把她的招牌菜搞砸了无数次——事实上，这就是她如何做出正确的菜！)”推知，空处话题应与烹饪相关。G选项“Cookingisanexcellentexampleofhowpeoplelearnthroughfailure.(烹饪是一个很好的例子，说明人们如何从失败中学习。)”符合题意，引出下文。故选G。二、HowtoPlantheGraduationTripGraduationisaroundthecorner,andsoisthetripofyourlifetime.Therearemanyamazingreasonstoplanyourperfectgraduationtrip.Youmaywantabreakfromschool.____6____.Oryoumaywantsomequalitytimeawayfromyourregularschedulewithyourfriends.Whateverthereason,takingagraduationtripisagreatboostforyoubeforeyouleaveyourhomeandheadtothebigworld.Herearesomeexperttipsforplanningthetripofyourlife.____7____Beforeyoustartyourresearchonyourtrip,itwillbeagoodideatosetyourbudget.Youhavetoestimatethecostofflights,accommodations,food,taxirides,gifts,andsoon.Addinga10％buffer(缓冲)toeachlineitemwon’tharmyouinanywayifyouendupspendingalittlemore.____8____.ResearchdestinationsOnceyouhavesetyourbudget,starttoexplorevariousdestinationswithinyourbudget.____9____.Youmightneedtoexploreaplacein-depth,gotoaplacewithlotsofsportsandactivities,oraplacewhereyouwanttorelaxwhileenjoyingit.Pleasereadthereviewsofthetravelerswhohaveenjoyedthedestinationtripandfindoutabouttheirattractions,dining,andsights.GetyourdocumentsreadyDon’twaituntilthelastmomenttohaveyourdocumentsinorder.Takeenoughtimetoworkonallyourproperformsanddocumentsbeforehand.____10____A．CreateyourbudgetB．TryyourbesttosavemoneyC．CheckoutwhatkindofdestinationswouldsuityouD．YoumaywanttocelebrateallthehardworkinafunwayE．It’salwaysimportanttocheckthereviewsbeforeyougosomewhereF．Also,itwouldbeanexcellentideaifyousetasidesomemoneyforemergenciesG．Also,checkifthepaperworkneedstobedonewhileenteringyourchosendestination【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了应该如何计划毕业旅行。6．D【解析】设空处上文指出进行毕业旅行的原因有很多。设空处前后分别给出了一个原因，由此可知，设空处也应介绍毕业旅行的一个原因，D项“Youmaywanttocelebrateallthehardworkinafunway(你可能想以一种有趣的方式来庆祝你所有的努力)”符合语境，与前后两句构成并列关系，且句中“Youmaywant”结构上与前后句相照应。故选D。7．A【解析】设空处为本段小标题。根据段落中的“Beforeyoustartyourresearchonyourtrip,itwillbeagoodideatosetyourbudget.Youhavetoestimatethecostofflights,accommodations,food,taxirides,gifts,andsoon.(在你开始你的旅行研究之前，设定你的预算将是一个好主意。你必须估计机票、住宿、食物、出租车、礼物等等的费用)”可知，本段介绍如何制定预算，故A项“Createyourbudget(制定预算)”是最佳标题。故选A。8．F【解析】上文“Addinga10％buffer(缓冲)toeachlineitemwon’tharmyouinanywayifyouendupspendingalittlemore.(在每一行项目中增加10%的缓冲，即使你最终多花了一点，也不会对你造成任何伤害)”提出增加预算作缓冲，F项“Also,itwouldbeanexcellentideaifyousetasidesomemoneyforemergencies(此外，如果你存一些钱以备不时之需也是个好主意)”同样提出要预留钱来应对不时之需，与上文构成并列关系，都是对本段主题“制定预算”的具体说明。故选F。9．C【解析】根据标题“Researchdestinations(研究目的地)”可知本段介绍如何选择目的地。结合设空处前文的“explorevariousdestinationswithinyourbudget(在你的预算范围内探索不同的目的地)”和后文介绍了几种不同的目的地可知，C项“Checkoutwhatkindofdestinationswouldsuityou(看看什么样的目的地适合你)”符合语境。故选C。10．G【解析】根据本段小标题“Getyourdocumentsready(准备好文件)”和设空处前文的“haveyourdocumentsinorder”和“workonallyourproperformsanddocumentsbeforehand”可知，本段强调要提前准备好各种证件。G项“Also,checkifthepaperworkneedstobedonewhileenteringyourchosendestination(此外，在进入你选择的目的地时，检查是否需要完成文书工作)”符合语境，句中“paperwork”与本段中的“documents”和“forms”构成词汇同现。故选G。一、（2023·辽宁沈阳·统考一模）Men’ssporthasfordecadesbenefitedfromwhatinvestorscalla“flywheeleffect”.Bigbroadcastandsponsorshipdealsthrowmoneyintothegamereadily.____1____.That,inturn,generatesevenmoremoneythenexttimearound.Women’ssporthaslongsufferedtheoppositephenomenon.____2____Withfewgamesavailable,viewerscannottunein,andfewviewersmeanslittlemoney.Theflywheelmay,atlast,bestartingtoturnround.____3____Thefirstquarterof2022sawthehighestviewership,upbyaround50%on2019,thelastfullyearbeforethepandemic.Women’ssportisresistingageneraltrendforpeopletowatchlesstelevision.Streaming(流媒体),meanwhile,offersawaytoshowgameswithoutexpensivedealswithbroadcasters,helpingtobuildfanbases.____4____ViewershipoftheWomen’sNationalBasketballAssociation(WNBA)inAmericaroseby50%in2021comparedwith2020.InFebruary,theWNBAfeltconfident,raising$75millionandvaluingitat$Ibillion.Theprizepoolforthisyear’sWomen’sChampionshipis$16million,doublethevaluein2017.Onebigchangeisthatseveralbigrights-holders,includingFIFAandWorldRugby,nowsell,sponsorshiprightsforwomen’sevents,separately,ratherthanbondedwiththemen’stournaments.____5____A．Startwithviewingfigures.B．Moneyisstartingtofolloweyeballs.C．Manyassociationsfundthewomen’ssports.D．Somethinksponsorsgetabetterdealwithwomen’ssports.E．Broadcastershaveunwillinglyshownitwithoutbeingsurethatpeoplewillwatch.F．Thatattractsmoreplayersandraisesthelevelofplay,whichhelpsattractmoreviewers.G．Thatforcesbuyersandsellerstothinkaboutexactlyhowmuchsuchrightsmightbeworth.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述的是几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的“飞轮效应”。如今，女子运动也受到“飞轮效应”的影响。1．F【解析】根据前文“Men’ssporthasfordecadesbenefitedfromwhatinvestorscalla“flywheeleffect”.Bigbroadcastandsponsorshipdealsthrowmoneyintothegamereadily.(几十年来，男子运动一直受益于投资者所说的“飞轮效应”。大型转播和赞助协议很容易就把钱投入到比赛中。)”和后文的“That,inturn,generatesevenmoremoneythenexttimearound.(这反过来又会在下一次产生更多的钱。)”可知，F选项“Thatattractsmoreplayersandraisesthelevelofplay,whichhelpsattractmoreviewers.(那吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛水平，这有助于吸引更多的观众。)”符合语境，承上启下。F项中的that指代前文的“飞轮效应”，这种效应吸引了更多的玩家，提高了比赛的水平，反之下一次产生更多的钱。下文中的that指代空处内容，故选F。2．E【解析】根据前文的“Women’ssporthaslongsufferedtheoppositephenomenon.(长期以来，女子运动一直遭遇相反的现象。)”可知，长期以来，女子运动不太受观众的关注。设空处应该指出由此带来的结果。E选项“Broadcastershaveunwillinglyshownitwithoutbeingsurethatpeoplewillwatch.(广播公司在不确定观众是否会观看的情况下，不愿意播放节目。)”符合语境，指出由于女子运动项目不太受观众的关注所以广播公司不愿意播放节目。故选E。3．A【解析】根据后文“Thefirstquarterof2022sawthehighestviewership,upbyaround50%on2019,thelastfullyearbeforethepandemic.(2022年第一季度的收视率最高，比2019年(大流行前的最后一年)增长了约50%。)”可知，此处通过数据解释了飞轮效应。故A选项“Startwithviewingfigures.(从观看数据开始。)”引起下文，符合语境。故选A。4．B【解析】根据后文“ViewershipoftheWomen’sNationalBasketballAssociation(WNBA)inAmericaroseby50%in2021comparedwith2020.InFebruary,theWNBAfeltconfident,raising$75millionandvaluingitat$Ibillion.(与2020年相比，2021年美国女子篮球协会(WNBA)的收视率上升了50%。今年2月，WNBA感到信心十足，筹集了7500万美元，估值为1亿美元。)”可知，随着女子篮球的收视率上升，WNBA由此筹集了更多的金钱，即随着关注度的上升，获得的金钱回报则越多。B选项“Moneyisstartingtofolloweyeballs.(金钱开始追随关注度。)”概括本段段旨，符合语境，引起下文。故选B。5．G【解析】根据前文“Onebigchangeisthatseveralbigrights-holders,includingFIFAandWorldRugby,nowsell,sponsorshiprightsforwomen’sevents,separately,ratherthanbondedwiththemen’stournaments.(一个巨大的变化是，包括国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。)”可知，国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权，而不是与男子赛事捆绑在一起。G选项“Thatforcesbuyersandsellerstothinkaboutexactlyhowmuchsuchrightsmightbeworth.(那迫使买卖双方考虑这些版权究竟值多少钱。)”符合语境，其中的that指代前文的“国际足联和世界橄榄球联盟在内的几大版权持有者现在分别出售女子赛事的赞助权”，前后文是因果关系，同时本句中的rights与前文中的rights呼应。故选G。二、（2023·山东潍坊·统考一模）Therearefewnaturalsoundsmoreupliftingtomyspiritthanthebrightandcheeringcallsandsongsofblack-cappedchickadees(山雀).Oneofmymorningroutinesistostepoutsidethehouseandlistenforthevoicesofblack-caps.Thereissomethingcomfortingtomeinblack-caps’presence.____6____SometimestheyaretheonlybirdsI’llhearonmylocalwoodlandwalksandformetheforestwouldbealonelierplacewithoutthem.AfterI’dmovedintoahouseonAnchorage’sHillside,Iplacedamakeshiftfeederonmyhome’sback.____7____Foreach,theroutinewassimilar:dashedin,lookedaround,pecked(啄)atthetray,lookedaroundagain,anddashedout.Nervouslittlecreatures,fullofbrightenergy,theysoonhadmelaughingattheirfunnyway,Bythetimetheymovedon,Isensedanall-too-rareupwellingoffascinationandjoy.Withindays,awholenewworldopenedupaswoodlandneighborsI’dneverknown,orevenimagined,joinedtheblack-capsatmyfeeders:red-breastednuthatches,commonredpolls…WhatwasremarkablewasthatallofthosespecieswerecommonresidentsoftheAnchoragearea.____8____Mynewfoundinterestinbirdsgrewquickly,surprisingevenme.____9____Ivisitedbookstoresinsearchofbirdingguidebooks.Excitedlyexchangedbirddescriptionswithastranger.Purchased50-poundbagsofsunflowerseeds.Allofthisseemedverystrangetoamiddle-agedguywho’dneverbeenattractedbybirds.Evenmore,Ihadpreviouslyjudgedbirdwatcherstoberatherdullsorts.____10____They’veremindedmehowmyworldcanexpandandbecomeenrichedwhenImaketheefforttopayattention.Whatelseawaitsmeinourworld,Iwonder,thatIhaven’tyetdiscoveredornoticed?A．Naturealwaysamazedmeinitsownway.B．Yetinpriordaysandyears,Ihadnoidea.C．Black-capsareasignofgoodenvironment.D．Withinaday,black-capsacceptedmyinvitationtodine.E．Black-capshavehadaspecialplaceatthetopofmyaffections.F．Whatstartedasmerecuriosityfloweredintoaconsumingpassion.G．Andmuchmoreoftenthannot,theyareheardbeforethey’reseen.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者对黑帽山雀的热爱。6．G【解析】由空后的“SometimestheyaretheonlybirdsI’llhearonmylocalwoodlandwalksandformetheforestwouldbealonelierplacewithoutthem.(有时，它们是我在当地森林散步时唯一能听到的鸟类，对我来说，没有它们，森林将是一个更加孤独的地方)”可知，它们的声音很容易被听到，G选项“Andmuchmoreoftenthannot,theyareheardbeforethey’reseen.(通常情况下，它们在被看到之前就被听到了)”说明了鸟的叫声很明显，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。7．D【解析】空前说“AfterI’dmovedintoahouseonAnchorage’sHillside,Iplacedamakeshiftfeederonmyhome’sback.(在我搬进安克雷奇山坡上的一所房子后，我在家里的后面放了一个临时的喂食器)”，空格处应该说这些鸟就可以来吃东西了，D选项“Withinaday,black-capsacceptedmyinvitationtodine.(不到一天，黑帽山雀就接受了我的晚餐邀请)”说明了作者给鸟喂食，承接上文，符合语境，故选D。8．B【解析】空前说“Withindays,awholenewworldopenedupaswoodlandneighborsI’dneverknown,orevenimagined,joinedtheblack-capsatmyfeeders:red-breastednuthatches,commonredpolls…WhatwasremarkablewasthatallofthosespecieswerecommonresidentsoftheAnchoragearea.(几天之内，一个全新的世界展现在我面前，我从未认识，或者想象到的森林邻居加入了我饲养的黑帽山雀：红胸金盏花，普通红尾莺……值得注意的是，所有这些物种都是安克雷奇地区的普通居民)”，空格处应该说作者以前是不知道有这些鸟的，B选项“Yetinpriordaysandyears,Ihadnoidea.(然而在过去的几年里，我对此一无所知)”承接上文，符合语境，故选B。9．F【解析】空前说“Mynewfoundinterestinbirdsgrewquickly,surprisingevenme.(我对鸟类新发现的兴趣迅速增长，连我自己都感到惊讶)”，空后说“Ivisitedbookstoresinsearchofbirdingguidebooks.Excitedlyexchangedbirddescriptionswithastranger.(我去书店寻找观鸟指南。兴奋地和一个陌生人交换鸟类的描述)”，因此空格处应该说作者对鸟的爱好日益增长，F选项“Whatstartedasmerecuriosityfloweredintoaconsumingpassion.(最初仅仅是好奇，后来发展成强烈的爱好)”说明了作者的爱好的增加，因此承上启下，符合语境，故选F。10．E【解析】空后说“They’veremindedmehowmyworldcanexpandandbecomeenrichedwhenImaketheefforttopayattention.(它们提醒我，当我努力集中注意力时，我的世界可以扩大并变得丰富)”，空格处应该说黑帽山雀对作者的重要性，E选项“Black-capshavehadaspecialplaceatthetopofmyaffections.(黑帽山雀占据着我的感情之巅的特殊地位)”说明了黑帽山雀的重要性，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。三、（2023·江苏南京·校联考一模）Calendarsareformanagingyourtime.Theyworkovertimetokeepthemessinessofhumanlifeconfinedintoneatlittlegrids,squeezingourlivesintoseconds,minutesandhours.Iappreciateacalendar’sdeterminedeffortstomanagetime.___11___Forthepastseveralyears,I’vekeptaplannerwithmeatalltimes.Therealmagicinplanners,tome,comesintheblankspacewhereIreflectonthepastandimaginethefuture.Crackingopenafreshweek’slayoutonaMondaymorningandseeingtheemptypagesexpandlikeacanvaswaitingtobefilled,thetoneoftheweekyettobeset,thepossibilitiesendless.Youstartbycreatingawishlistforyourideallife.Theideaistobeasspecificaspossible.Youthenpicktheonegoalthatwouldhavethebiggestpositiveimpact.Youbreakthatgoaldownintosmallertasks,andthenprioritizethem.___12___Thismethodturnsageneralideainyourheadintosomethingthatyoucanactuallyaccomplish.Fromthere,youcanreflecteverymonthonhowyouspentyourtime,andwhetherwhatyoudidactuallyisconsistentwiththegoalsyouset.___13___Itleavesnodigitalfootprint,butitdoesleaveapapertrailthatyoucanlookbackonforyearstocome.Itdoesn’tbuzzimpatientlywhenyoudon’tlookatit,anditwillnotbeexportedtoOutlook.Itrequiresyoutositinquietconversationwithyourself,reflectingonyourpastandvisualizingyourfuture.Itforcesmetoanswerhardtruths,likewhatdoIreallywantoutoflifeandamIspendingmydaysinlinewithwhoIwanttobe.___14___PlanninghelpsmeensurethatI’mnotapassengeratthemercyofmycalendar,butratherdrivingtowardadestinationthatIchoose.___15___Andsomereallynicepens.A．Then,addthosetaskstothecalendar.B．There’snopressuretomakeitperfect.C．Butplannersarefordreamingwithoutlimits.D．It’seasytoappreciatecalendarsfortheirusefulness.E．Usingapaperplannerbringsmebothjoyandasenseofcalm.F．It’sanimportantritual(仪式)thatdeservesweightandceremony.G．Afterall,ourlivesarethesumofhowwespendourtimeandwhatwepayattentionto.【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了paperplanner(纸张规划簿)，它可以给作者带来快乐与平静，表达了作者对它的喜爱。11．C【解析】上文“Calendarsareformanagingyourtime.Theyworkovertimetokeepthemessinessofhumanlifeconfinedintoneatlittlegrids,squeezingourlivesintoseconds,minutesandhours.Iappreciateacalendar’sdeterminedeffortstomanagetime.(日历用于管理您的时间。它们加班加点，把人类生活中的混乱局限在整洁的小格子里，把我们的生活压缩成几秒钟、几分钟和几小时。我欣赏日历为管理时间所做的坚定努力)”讲述了日历的作用，它把人们的生活限制在整齐的小格子中，作者表示出对日历的欣赏。下文“Forthepastseveralyears,I’vekeptaplannerwithmeatalltimes.Therealmagicinplanners,tome,comesintheblankspacewhereIreflectonthepastandimaginethefuture.Crackingopenafreshweek’slayoutonaMondaymorningandseeingtheemptypagesexpandlikeacanvaswaitingtobefilled,thetoneoftheweekyettobeset,thepossibilitiesendless.(在过去的几年里，我一直都有一个规划簿。对我来说，规划簿的真正魔力来自于我反思过去和想象未来的空白空间。在周一的早晨打开一周的新布局，看到空白的页面像画布一样展开，等待填满，本周的基调尚未设定，可能性无限)”讲到在过去的几年里，作者一直随身带着一个规划簿，它给作者的神奇魔力是空白的空间，给作者无限可能，没有束缚。因此，可以推断出空格内容应表示转折对比，体现规划簿的没有束缚特征，C选项“但规划簿支持无限制的梦想。”切题。故选C。12．A【解析】上文“Youstartbycreatingawishlistforyourideallife.Theideaistobeasspecificaspossible.Youthenpicktheonegoalthatwouldhavethebiggestpositiveimpact.Youbreakthatgoaldownintosmallertasks,andthenprioritizethem.(你首先要为你的理想生活建立一个愿望清单。想法是尽可能具体。然后你选择一个会产生最大积极影响的目标。你将目标分解为较小的任务，然后对它们进行优先级排序)”讲到列一个详细的愿望清单，挑选一个最有积极影响的目标，然后把它们分成一个个小任务，然后排序。下文“Thismethodturnsageneralideainyourheadintosomethingthatyoucanactuallyaccomplish.Fromthere,youcanreflecteverymonthonhowyouspentyourtime,andwhetherwhatyoudidactuallyisconsistentwiththegoalsyouset.(这种方法将你头脑中的一个总的想法转变为你可以实际完成的事情。从那里，你可以每个月反思你是如何度过时间的，以及你所做的事情是否与你设定的目标一致)”讲到这个方法的作用，在那里可以反映出你每个月时间的分配。因此，可以推断，空格中应对上文的小任务进行处理。下文的there有所指，故选项中应出现一个东西或者地方，结合第一段讲到日历的作用可知，there指日历，A选项“然后，将这些任务添加到日历中。”切题。故选A。13．E【解析】段首的空格，因此我们要往后看。由下文“Itleavesnodigitalfootprint,butitdoesleaveapapertrailthatyoucanlookbackonforyearstocome.Itdoesn’tbuzzimpatientlywhenyoudon’tlookatit,anditwillnotbeexportedtoOutlook.Itrequiresyoutositinquietconversationwithyourself,reflectingonyourpastandvisualizingyourfuture.(它没有留下数字足迹，但它确实留下了纸上的痕迹，你可以在未来几年回顾。当你不看它时，它不会不耐烦地发出嗡嗡声，也不会导出到Outlook。它要求你与自己静静地交谈，反思你的过去，想象你的未来)”可知，空格处是这一段的总起句，这个“它”指的就是paperplanner(纸张规划簿)，纸张规划簿给作者带来了平静，E选项“使用纸张规划簿给我带来了快乐和平静。”切题。故选E。14．G【解析】由上文“Itforcesmetoanswerhardtruths,likewhatdoIreallywantoutoflifeandamIspendingmydaysinlinewithwhoIwanttobe.(它迫使我回答一些残酷的事实，比如我真正想要的是什么，我的日子是按照我想成为的人度过的吗)”讲到纸张规划簿促使作者回答一些残酷的事实，让作者思考真正想从生活中得到什么，有没有活成自己想要的样子。因此，可以推测，这个空格也是在探讨生活究竟是什么，G选项“毕竟，我们的生活是我们如何花费时间和关注什么的总和。”切题。故选G。15．F【解析】上文“PlanninghelpsmeensurethatI’mnotapassengeratthemercyofmycalendar,butratherdrivingtowardadestinationthatIchoose.(计划有助于我确保我不是一个受日历支配的乘客，而是朝着我选择的目的地开车)”讲到计划帮助作者确保自己不是一个被日历支配的旅客，而是驶向自己选择的终点，再结合下文“Andsomereallynicepens.(还有一些非常漂亮的钢笔)”可知，写计划需要钢笔，因此，可以推断空格内容要承上启下。承接上文计划是一个重要的仪式，引起下文，它需要重量和仪式，也需要好的钢笔。F选项“这是一个值得重视和仪式的重要仪式。”切题。故选F。四、（2023·河北·校联考模拟预测）Entrepreneurs(企业家)shouldhavethegiftofseeingthingsinthepresent,eveniftheyareinthefuture.Tostartasuccessfulstart-up,threesimplethingsareneeded.___16___Timemanagement.Managingtimeefficientlyisthefeatureofasuccessfulbusiness.Smartmanagementoftimeandresourcesimpliesawell-thought-outplanandasmooth-oiledworkculture.Prioritizingtime,resources,andstaffbasedonthetasksathandwillalsoensurethatimportanttaskswillgetdone.___17___Therightwork,bytherightperson.Workingontherightthingbytherightpersonisprobablytheonlythingmoreimportantthanworkinghard.Donothesitatetodelegate(授权委派)whenthesituationcallsforit.___18___Everytimeyoustatewhatyouwant,itisamessagetobothyouandtheothersaboutwhatyouthinkispossible.Intheend,nothingshouldstopyouoryourteamfromgivingthebest.Eachmemberoftheteamshouldworktounderstandexactlywheretheirstrengthsareandworktogethertoensurethateverytaskgetscompletedbythepersonwiththebestexpertise.___19___Thestart-upcommunityisaclosewebgroup.Seekoutfellowentrepreneursandtalktothemaboutthechallengesandthrillsyouarefacingonyourentrepreneurialjourney.Networkingeventsandsocialmediaareagreatplatformtomeetentrepreneursandlearnabouttheirexperiences.___20___AndanEntrepreneurWorkshoplikeIvyEarlyEntrepreneuristhebestplacetogrowyournetworkandfindmentors(导师).A．Growintelligently.B．Meet,network,share.C．Remember,timeismoney!D．Haveconfidenceinyourabilities.E．Hereareafewtipsforyoutofollow.F．Theyalsoprovideanopportunitytoformvaluablepartnerships.G．Takecareofyourhealthandeverythingelsewilltakecareofitself.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三条成功创业的建议。16．E【解析】根据上文“Tostartasuccessfulstart-up,threesimplethingsareneeded.(要开始成功的创业，需要三件简单的事情)”以及下文每段首句可知，空格处承上启下，引出下文的建议。所以E项“Hereareafewtipsforyoutofollow.(以下是一些建议供您遵循。)”承上启下，符合语境，故选E项。17．C【解析】根据本段主旨句“Timemanagement.(时间管理。)”可知，本段主要介绍时间管理的重要性。根据上文“Prioritizingtime,resources,andstaffbasedonthetasksathandwillalsoensurethatimportanttaskswillgetdone.(根据手头的任务确定时间、资源和员工的优先级也将确保完成重要任务)”可知，要根据手头的任务优先确定时间、资源和员工。C项“Remember,timeismoney!(记住，时间就是金钱！)”补充说明时间的重要性，符合语境。故选C。18．D【解析】根据本段主旨句“Therightwork,by