浙江省宁波九校2023-2024学年高一下学期6月期末英语试题

宁波市期末九校联考高一英语试题第Ⅰ卷第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节：（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whichflavoroficecreamwilltheboyhave?A.Blueberry. B.Strawberry. C.Chocolate.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:It’sburninghottoday.I’dliketohavesomeblueberryicecream.W:Butthereisnoblueberryicecreamleft.Onlythreetypesoficecreamforyoutochoosefrom:strawberry,chocolateandorange.M:Thenthesecondonewillbemyfirstchoice.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomangoingtodothisafternoon?A.Borrowabook. B.VisitMr.Smith. C.Attendameeting.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Hello,ProfessorSmith.HowcanIexpandmyvocabulary?ThewidervocabularyIlearn,thefasterIcanfinishEnglishnovels.M:That’sagoodquestion.I’mleavingforameetingnow.Whynotetomyofficethisafternoon?W:Okay.Thanks.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanoffertodofortheboy?A.Fixhisphone. B.Treathimtodinner. C.Givehimaride.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Mom,canIuseyourphoneforawhile?Myphoneisdead.IneedtotellSamthatIwillbealittlelatefortheparty.W:Certainly.Butdon’tworry.IcandriveyoutohishouseonmywaytotheHarborHouseRestaurant.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatwillthewomandothedayaftertomorrow?A.LeaveforLondon. B.Attendaseminar. C.Dothegardening.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Hannah,you’regoingawaysoon?W:Yes.ParkerandIwillsetoutforLondontomorrow.We’regoingtoattendamedicalseminarthedayaftertomorrow.Canyoudomeafavorandwatertheflowersinthegardenbeforeweeback?M:That’sokay.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A.Buytickets. B.Makeadrink. C.Seeafilm.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Hey,Nancy!Whydidn’tyouwaitformeattheentrance?W:Ithoughtyoumighthavearrivedearly,Jason.Wherehaveyoubeen?M:Iwenttothegrocerystorenearbytobuysomedrinks.Hereyouare.W:Thanks.Youjustmissedthefirstfiveminutesofthemovie.eoninandsitdown.第二节：（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweather. B.Themountain. C.Theclothes.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetododuringtheday?A.Goonaroadtrip. B.Appreciatethesunrise. C.Gohiking.【答案】6A7.C【解析】【原文】M:Brrr,whyisitabitcold?I’msuretheweathermansaidthattodaywouldbewarmer.Hehasnevergotitright,hashe?W:Iwouldn’tsaythat.Hegetsitrightmostofthetime,butweonlyrememberthetimeswhenheiswrong.Look!Thesunhaseout.It’sgoingtobeafineday,Ibelieve.Areyouinthemoodforanoutdooractivity?There’sonlya10minutedrivetoreachthefootofthemountain.M:Well,Ihopeyou’reright.Inthatcase,Ishouldtakeoffmywoolenhatandscarf.W:Yeah,that’llprobablybetherightdecision,becausewehaveahikeaheadofus.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Howdoesthewomansoundatfirst?A.Regretful. B.Excited. C.Relieved.9.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisamemberofthecityteam.B.Shelikestohavesnackswithbeer.C.Shewatchedthegameonthescene.【答案】8.A9.C【解析】【原文】W:Whatapitythatourcityteamwasonlyonepointbehindthewinningteam!Theynearlywon.M:Yes,buttheydidagreatjobandtriedtheirbestinthebaseballfinaltoday.W:Ifthethirdbasemanhadrushedintothehomebase,itcouldhavebeenadraw.Inthatcase,therecouldhavebeenextrainnings.Theresultmightchange.M:Anythingmayhappenduringagame.It’snotaneasyjob.Weshouldtaketheirfeelingsintoconsideration.W:You’reright.Whatalsoimpressedmewasthesnacksinthestadium.Thechickennuggetsweresodelicious.Ireallywantedtohavemore.M:Theywereagoodmatchforthebeerandweledbythecrowd.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatdoesthewomanlikemostaboutsolvingthepuzzle?A.Ithelpsbroadenherknowledge.B.Itgivesherasenseofachievement.C.Itmotivateshertothinkhard.11.WhatwaszipliningusedasbeforeintheAlps?A.Aformofentertainment. B.Ameansoftransport. C.Awaytoexplorethenature.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.He’saquietperson.B.Heavoidsdangeroussports.C.He’sabigfanofoutdooractivities.【答案】10.A11.B12.C【解析】【原文】M:Whatareyoudoing,Anna?W:Iamdoingthecrossword.Ifinditsofunny.ItcouldhelpmetothinkwhileIamorganizinginformationwiththehelpofthegivenclues.Mostimportantly,thisoneistotallyabouthistory.It’sagoodwaytoimprovemyhistoricalknowledge.M:Itsuitsyou,sinceyouareaquietperson.However,mypassionisgoingzipliningintheforest.W:What’sthat?I’veneverheardofit.M:Zipliningisakindofactivitythatinvolvesslidingdownacableoraropeintheair.It’sconsideredasafunactivitynow.Butinthepast,itwashighlypracticalandusedintheHimalayasandtheAlpsasawayoftransportation,withoutdamagingthenaturalenvironment.W:Oh,IguessIoncesawpeopledoingitonTV.Itseemsquiteexcitingbutabitdangerous.M:Youareright.Inevertreatitlightlywhileenjoyingthebeautifulscenery.Ialwayspayattentiontoalltheequipmentlikeglovesandthehelmet.W:Hmm…I’dliketogiveitashotsomeday.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.WheredidNancyattendmiddleschool?A.InBeijing. B.InShanghai. C.InShenzhen.14.WhendidNancyearnamaster’sdegree?A.In2012. B.In2016. C.In2019.15.WhatdidNancydointhefirstpany?A.Shetraveledabroadforwork.B.Sheofferedhelptostudents.C.Shepassedmanyexaminations.16.WhydidNancyquithersecondjob?A.Shedidn’tgetafairlygoodsalary.B.Shestoodlittlechanceofbeingpromoted.C.Shecouldn’tgetalongwithhercolleagues.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】M:Nancy,couldyousharesomethingaboutyourselfwithme?W:Well,IwasborninBeijingandwenttoschoolthererightthroughmiddleschool.Afterthat,ImovedtoShenzhenwithmyfamilyandIfinishedhighschoolthere.IspentmycollegelifeinShanghai.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhadlivedonmyown.M:Whendidyougraduate?W:Istartedcollegein2012andgraduatedwithaMaster’sinEnglishaftersevenyearsofstudy.ThenIreturnedtomyhometownandstartedmycareer.M:OK.Haveyougotanyworkexperience?W:Yes,Ihaveworkedfortwopaniessofar.BothareaboutEnglishteaching.Ihelpedstudentspassexaminationstostudyabroadandtaughtmiddleschoolstudentstoimprovetheirgradesrespectively.M:Howlongdidyouworkforthefirstpany?W:Abouttwoyears.Ilearnedalotthere,soI’mverygratefultomyformerleadersandcolleagues.M:Whydidyouleaveyoursecondpany?W:Well,Iwasn’twellpaid.Icouldn’tfeelasenseofachievementwhenmyeffortsweren’trewarded.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Hostingaprogram. B.Givingalesson. C.Holdingaconference.18.WhendidtheBermudaTrianglegainfame?A.In1945. B.In1950. C.In1975.19.WhoprovedthestoriesabouttheBermudaTrianglefalse?A.VincentGaddis. B.EdwardJones. C.LarryKusche.20.Whatdoesthespeakermeanintheend?A.TheBermudaTriangleisn’tthatdangerous.B.Thelistisn’tcorrect.C.FewershipstravelthroughtheBermudaTrianglenow.【答案】17.A18.B19.C20.A【解析】【原文】Goodevening,everyone!Tonight,I’dliketosharewithyousomethingabouttheBermudaTriangleontheprogram.HaveyoueverheardabouttheBermudaTriangle?Itwasoneveryone’slipsfromabout1950tillabout1980.Duringthattime,peoplewereconvincedthatmysteriouspowerswereatworkthere,causingthedisappearanceofmanyairplanesandships.TheBermudaTriangleisalargetriangularareaintheAtlanticOcean.Itbecamefamousin1950,aftertheMiamiHeraldpublishedanarticlebyEdwardJonesaboutfiveAmericanplanesdisappearingwithinthatareain1945.AU.S.Navysearchplanewassentouttolookforthembutitalsovanished.Peoplestartedwonderingwhathadhappened,andin1964VincentGaddiswroteanarticlecalled“TheDeadlyBermudaTriangle”.Itwasfollowedbyseveralbooks,andveryquickly,almosteveryoneintheworldwastalkingaboutthemysteriousBermudaTriangle.In1975,however,alibrarianbythenameofLarryKuschepublishedabook.ThebookshowsthatthetalesabouttheBermudaTriangleanditsdangersaremostlyuntrue.HeprovedthatplanesorshipsdisappearingwithintheBermudaTrianglearenotmorethananywhereelseontheEarth,andthattheBermudaTriangleisjustasensationalstory.In2013,alistoftheworld’smostdangerousshippinglaneswaspublished.TheBermudaTrianglewasn’tevenmentionedonthelist!第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节：（共15小题；每小题2.5分，共37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。AWanttoknowalltheinsandoutsregardingtheParis2024Olympics?Thenyou’veetotherightplace!BelowyouwillfindalltheinformationaboutthenewOlympicsports.OlympicskateboardingWhowillfollowinthefootstepsofMomijiNishiya,thefirstOlympicskateboardingchampion,whowascrownedatthelastGamesattheageof13?TheanswerwillberevealedinParisthissummer.Speed,technique,masteryoftheboardwillberequiredtosuccessfullyperformthemostbeautifultricks.OlympicsportsclimbingWithitssecondtimeenteringtheOlympics,sportsclimbinghasthreebranches:Speed,Bouldering(抱石攀岩)andLead.Speedisallaboutthespeedofclimbing.BoulderingisallaboutclimbingaboulderonawallandLeadrequiresathletestoclimbadifficultroute20metershigh.OlympicsurfingTheOlympicswillbeheldinParis,butwhataboutOlympicsurfing?Thereisonevenue(场地)thatisliterallyontheothersideoftheworld.ThelocationTeahupoo,ontheislandofTahiti,iswhereOlympicsurfingwilltakeplace.ThisislandispartofFrenchPolynesia,betweenAustraliaandSouthAmerica.OlympicbreakdancingBreakdancingisthenewOlympicsportthatwillmakeitsfirstappearanceinParis2024.Howtoestablishagradingsystemwithouttakingawaytheartisticfreedomatthesametime?Thepointsshouldbebasedoncreativityandmusicality,agrayareathatdependsalotonfeelingandthushasalotofsubjectivitytoit.Lookingforahandylistofallsports?Clickhere!ThroughoutParisthereareallkindsofstadiumsandarenas(竞技场)wheresportingeventsareheld.NotonlyParisitself,butalsothesurroundingsuburbsofthecapitalofFrancesetthestagefortheOlympicGames!21.WhichsportisenteringtheOlympicsforthefirsttimeinParis2024?A.Olympicskateboarding. B.Olympicsportsclimbing.C.Olympicsurfing. D.Olympicbreakdancing.22.Whichofthefollowingstatementsiscorrect?A.Olympicskateboardingrequiresahighlevelofphysicalstrength.B.ThreebranchesofOlympicsportsclimbingevaluatevarioussidesofskills.C.AlltheabovefourOlympiceventswillbeheldinParis.D.ThescoringofOlympicbreakdancingishighlyobjective.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Asportswebsite. B.Ahealthmagazine.C.Atravelbrochure. D.AnOlympicnewsreport.【答案】21.D22.B23.A【解析】【导语】本文体裁为应用文。文章结构清晰地介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中新增的几个体育项目，包括奥运滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞，提供了每个项目的基本规则、特点及注意事项等信息，旨在为读者提供关于巴黎奥运会的新项目概况。【21题详解】细节理解题。由文章Olympicbreakdancing部分中“BreakdancingisthenewOlympicsportthatwillmakeitsfirstappearanceinParis2024(霹雳舞是新的奥运项目，将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。)”可知，奥运霹雳舞将在2024年巴黎奥运会上首次亮相。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。由文章Olympicsportsclimbing部分“WithitssecondtimeenteringtheOlympics,sportsclimbinghasthreebranches:Speed,Bouldering(抱石攀岩)andLead.Speedisallaboutthespeedofclimbing.BoulderingisallaboutclimbingaboulderonawallandLeadrequiresathletestoclimbadifficultroute20metershigh.(第二次进入奥运会的运动攀岩有三个分支：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩。速度与攀岩的速度有关。抱石就是在墙上爬一块巨石，而难度攀岩则要求运动员爬一条20米高的高难度路线。)”可知，攀岩运动有三个项目：速度攀岩、抱石攀岩和难度攀岩，分别评估了攀岩速度、技巧和难度等多方面的技能。故选B。【23题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“WanttoknowalltheinsandoutsregardingtheParis2024Olympics?Thenyou’veetotherightplace!BelowyouwillfindalltheinformationaboutthenewOlympicsports.(想知道关于2024年巴黎奥运会的所有细节吗？那你来对地方了！下面你会发现所有关于新奥运项目的信息。)”可知，该文主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会中的新项目，包括滑板、攀岩、冲浪和霹雳舞等，提供了这些项目的具体信息。这显然是与体育赛事相关的介绍，因此最有可能来源于一个体育网站。故选A。BBeforegoingabroad,Iwasveryconcernedaboutcultureshock,butitturnedoutthatIhadahardertimedealingwithreverse(逆向的)cultureshockwhenreturninghome.ingbackhasbeenatoughertransitionthanexpected.It’snotjustabouttransitioningbacktohomelife;it’salsoabouthandlingthestrangesituationofbeingadifferentpersoninthesameoldenvironment.IammostterrifiedofwakingupinafewmonthsandfeelinglikeI’mthesamepersonIwasbeforeIstudiedabroad.Thissituationisespeciallystrangewithpeoplewhohaveknownmeforalongtime,likemyparents,whowitnessedallmymajorlifechangesbeforethisone.Ididn’trealizehowmuchI’dchangeduntilIinteractedwiththemandclosefriends.Despiteonlybeingawayforthreeandahalfmonths,IquicklynoticedthedifferencesbetweenwhoIwasbeforeandwhoIamnow.Overthepastfewweeksathome,I’vebeenwonderinghowtomaintainthepositivechangesandqualitiesgainedfrommysemesterabroad.I’verealizedthatsurroundingsandsituationsgreatlyinfluencemindset,andkeepingacertainmindsetwhilelosingitscorresponding(相对应的)environmentischallenging.Forinstance,beinginMadridtaughtmetobemorerelaxedandstressfree.However,returningtoPennStatewithitsdemandingcourseloadmakesmaintainingthatmentality(心态)difficult.I’veetorealizetheproblemthatperpetualstressaboutschoolisn’thealthy,especiallyafterexperiencingasemesteroftravel,fun,andacademicsuccess.Therefore,I’vedecidedtoworkhardandstudyasusualbutoccasionallygivemyselfabreak,anddowhatIcantoavoidgettingoverstressedabouttestsandassignments.ThismeansIwillputineffortwhennecessaryinordertomakesureIamalwayscaughtuporaheadofclassmaterial.inghomehasbeenmorechallengingthanexpected,butI’mconfidentI’llgetthroughitinthenextfewweeks.Nevertheless,I’mdeterminedtomaintaintheimportantlessonsIlearnedaboutmyselfandothersinMadrid.24.Whatwastheauthor’sbiggestconcernwhenreturninghome?A.Goingbacktohisoriginalself. B.Adaptingtonewsurroundings.C.Experiencingcultureshock. D.Missingoldacquaintances.25.Whatdidtheauthorrealizeafterreturninghome?A.Heshouldmakehisfamilyfamiliarwithhispositivechanges.B.Heshouldchangehismentalitytocarelessabouthisstudy.C.Heshouldadapthismindsettofitintotheoldlearningenvironment.D.Heshouldapplyhimselftohisstudytostayaheadofclass.26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“perpetual”inParagraph3mean?A.Current. B.Improper. C.Unnecessary. D.Continuous.27.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thesufferingsofreversecultureshock. B.Thereflectionsonpersonalgrowth.C.Theadaptationstonewenvironments. D.Thesuccessinacademicperformance.【答案】24.A25.C26.D27.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最初担心出国时的文化冲击，但发现回国后的适应其实更困难。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Beforegoingabroad,Iwasveryconcernedaboutcultureshock,butitturnedoutthatIhadahardertimedealingwithreverse(逆向的)cultureshockwhenreturninghome.ingbackhasbeenatoughertransitionthanexpected.It’snotjustabouttransitioningbacktohomelife;it’salsoabouthandlingthestrangesituationofbeingadifferentpersoninthesameoldenvironment.IammostterrifiedofwakingupinafewmonthsandfeelinglikeI’mthesamepersonIwasbeforeIstudiedabroad.”（在出国之前，我非常担心文化冲击，但事实证明，当我回国时，我很难应对逆向文化冲击。回归后的过渡期比预期的要艰难。这不仅仅是回到家庭生活；这也是关于在相同的旧环境中处理不同的人的奇怪情况。我最害怕的是几个月后醒来，感觉自己还是出国留学前的那个我）可知，作者回国后最担心的是回到原来的自己。故选A项。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Overthepastfewweeksathome,I’vebeenwonderinghowtomaintainthepositivechangesandqualitiesgainedfrommysemesterabroad.”（在过去的几周里，我一直在思考如何保持我在国外学期所获得的积极变化和品质）以及第三段中“I’verealizedthatsurroundingsandsituationsgreatlyinfluencemindset,andkeepingacertainmindsetwhilelosingitscorresponding(相对应的)environmentischallenging.”（我意识到环境和情形对心态有很大的影响，在失去相应环境的同时保持某种心态是很有挑战性的）可知，作者回国后意识到他应该调整自己的心态，以适应原来的学习环境。故选C项。【26题详解】词句猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…especiallyafterexperiencingasemesteroftravel,fun,andacademicsuccess.”（尤其是在经历了一个学期的旅行、娱乐和学业成功之后）以及第三段中“Therefore,I’vedecidedtoworkhardandstudyasusualbutoccasionallygivemyselfabreak,anddowhatIcantoavoidgettingoverstressedabouttestsandassignments.ThismeansIwillputineffortwhennecessaryinordertomakesureIamalwayscaughtuporaheadofclassmaterial.”（因此，我决定像往常一样努力学习，偶尔让自己休息一下，尽我所能避免考试和作业带来的过度压力。这意味着我会在必要的时候付出努力，以确保我总是赶上或领先于课堂材料）可知，此处为我开始意识到学校的持续的压力并不健康。故可猜测划线单词perpetual为“持续的”意思，与D项Continuous“持续不断的”意思一致。故选D项。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第一段“Beforegoingabroad,Iwasveryconcernedaboutcultureshock,butitturnedoutthatIhadahardertimedealingwithreverse(逆向的)cultureshockwhenreturninghome.ingbackhasbeenatoughertransitionthanexpected.It’snotjustabouttransitioningbacktohomelife;it’salsoabouthandlingthestrangesituationofbeingadifferentpersoninthesameoldenvironment.IammostterrifiedofwakingupinafewmonthsandfeelinglikeI’mthesamepersonIwasbeforeIstudiedabroad.”（在出国之前，我非常担心文化冲击，但事实证明，当我回国时，我很难应对逆向文化冲击。回归后的过渡期比预期的要艰难。这不仅仅是回到家庭生活；这也是关于在相同的旧环境中处理不同的人的奇怪情况。我最害怕的是几个月后醒来，感觉自己还是出国留学前的那个我）和最后一段“inghomehasbeenmorechallengingthanexpected,butI’mconfidentI’llgetthroughitinthenextfewweeks.”（回家的过程比想象中更有挑战性，但我有信心在接下来的几周内度过难关）可知，文章主要讲的作者最初担心出国时的文化冲击，但发现回国后的适应其实更困难。由此可知，文章主要讲述了逆向文化冲击带来的痛苦。故选A项。CInthespring,thewesterntanagers(唐纳雀)preparedtomigrate(迁徙)thousandsofmilestotheforestsoftheMountainWest,flyingthroughgrasslands,deserts,andoccasionally,suburbanyards.Tofuelthemontheirlengthyjourney,westerntanagersfeedoninsectsandberries.Theymusttakeadvantageoftheearlyseasonboomininsectsthatstartedwithspringtimeplantgrowthtoproducehealthyyoung.Butasglobalclimatechangecausedspringtostartearlier,birdssuchaswesterntanagerswerearrivingattheirdestinationafterwhatwasknownas“greenup”,whenflowersbeganbloomingandinsectspoppedup.Withtheshiftofthetimewhenplantsputoutnewleaves,westerntanagersbecamemorelikelytoreachtheirdestinationswhenfoodisinshortageorafterinsectnumbershavebeguntodrop.ScottLoss,aprofessoratOklahomaStateUniversityandhiscolleaguesusedsatelliteimagerytocalculatetheaveragestartofspringgreenupalongthetypicalmigrationroutesof150NorthAmericanbirdspecies,andthenparedthattimingwiththecurrentgreenup.Theyfoundthatspringwasindeedbeginningearlieralongbirds’migrationroutes.Thetrendcontinuedthisyear.Thepapercontinuedtobuildthispictureoftheinabilityofbirdstotrackthechangingseasonscausedbyclimatechange.Timingmismatchesbetweenbirdsandtheirfoodcouldaffectwhetherbirdssurvivedthemigrationandhowmanychickstheyhad.MorganTingley,aresearcheratUCLAsaidthatthemigrationresearchcouldindicateconservationeffortsinthefuture.“Partofitsuggestedwhichspecieswerevulnerable(易受伤害的)tovariousthreats,”Tingleysaid.“Thisaddedtotheknowledgeaboutvulnerabilityofawiderangeofbirdspecies.”Andhehopedthattheinformationwouldservetohighlighttheurgentneedtolowergreenhousegasemissionsasfastaspossible:“Itwasreallyimportant,ifwecouldn’taddressclimatechangeimmediately,totrytostophabitatlossasmuchaswecan.”28.Duringthemigration,whatwillhappentothewesterntanagersafter“greenup”?A.Theywillstruggletofindenoughinsectsandberries.B.Theywillhavedifficultyfindingsuitablenestingsites.C.Theywillhardlyfindbloomingflowersforreproduction.D.Theywillfindithardtosurviveharsherweatherconditions.29.Whatisthedirectresultofthetimingmismatchbetweenbirdsandtheirfood?A.Thelossofbirds’habitats. B.Thedecreaseofbirds’survivalrate.C.Thecontributiontothegreenhouseeffect. D.Theincreaseofdifficultyinbiodiversityconservation.30.WhatisMorganTingley’sattitudetowardstheresearchfindingsinthelastparagraph?A.Uncertain. B.Critical. C.Concerned. D.Indifferent.31.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDiversePatternsofBirdMigrationB.TheTimingMismatchofWesternTanagersC.TheImpactofClimateChangeonMigratoryBirdsD.TheVulnerabilityofBirdSpeciestoVariousThreats【答案】28.A29.B30.C31.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了气候变化影响了候鸟的生存，介绍了相关研究以及启发。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Tofuelthemontheirlengthyjourney,westerntanagersfeedoninsectsandberries.(为了在漫长的旅途中补充能量，唐纳雀以昆虫和浆果为食)”以及“Withtheshiftofthetimewhenplantsputoutnewleaves,westerntanagersbecamemorelikelytoreachtheirdestinationswhenfoodisinshortageorafterinsectnumbershavebeguntodrop.(随着植物长新叶时间的改变，唐纳雀更有可能在食物短缺或昆虫数量开始下降时到达目的地)”可知，在迁移过程中，唐纳雀在“绿期”后将很难找到足够的昆虫和浆果。故选A。【29题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Timingmismatchesbetweenbirdsandtheirfoodcouldaffectwhetherbirdssurvivedthemigrationandhowmanychickstheyhad.(鸟类和食物之间的时间不匹配可能会影响鸟类能否在迁徙中幸存下来，以及它们有多少只小鸟)”可知，鸟类和它们的食物之间的时间不匹配的直接结果是鸟类存活率的降低。故选B。【30题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Andhehopedthattheinformationwouldservetohighlighttheurgentneedtolowergreenhousegasemissionsasfastaspossible:“Itwasreallyimportant,ifwecouldn’taddressclimatechangeimmediately,totrytostophabitatlossasmuchaswecan.”(他希望这些信息能够强调尽快降低温室气体排放的迫切需要：“如果我们不能立即解决气候变化问题，那么尽可能地阻止栖息地的丧失是非常重要的。”)”可知，MorganTingley对研究结果的态度是关切的。故选C。【31题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“Tofuelthemontheirlengthyjourney,westerntanagersfeedoninsectsandberries.Theymusttakeadvantageoftheearlyseasonboomininsectsthatstartedwithspringtimeplantgrowthtoproducehealthyyoung.Butasglobalclimatechangecausedspringtostartearlier,birdssuchaswesterntanagerswerearrivingattheirdestinationafterwhatwasknownas“greenup”,whenflowersbeganbloomingandinsectspoppedup.(为了在漫长的旅途中补充能量，唐纳雀以昆虫和浆果为食。它们必须利用春季植物生长带来的早期昆虫繁盛来生产健康的后代。但随着全球气候变化导致春天提前到来，像唐纳雀这样的鸟类在所谓的“绿期”之后才到达目的地，这时花朵开始绽放，昆虫开始出现)”结合文章主要说明了气候变化影响了候鸟的生存，并介绍了相关研究以及启发。故C选项“气候变化对候鸟的影响”最符合文章标题。故选C。DOnethingthatmanyAmericanscanagreeon,eveninaneraofdeeppoliticalpolarization(两极分化),isthatourcountryisinamoralfreefall.Insurveyaftersurvey,USadultsofallages,educationlevels,politicalorreligiousbackgroundssaythatpeoplearelesskind,honest,generous,andrespectfulthantheyusedtobe.Soisournation’smoralfoundationfallingapart?Notnecessarily.Infact,twopsychologists,Columbia’sAdamMastroianniandHarvard’sDanielGilbert,saythatthewidespreadbeliefinmoraldecline(下降)isamisconception.TheyrecentlyconductedametaanalysisofallthemajorsurveysthataskedAmericansaboutthestateofmoralvaluesinthiscountryandtheyfoundthatUSresidentshavebeenplainingaboutoneanother’sdecliningmoralityforaslongasresearchershavebeenseekingtheiropinionsonthematter.Andyetwhenindividualrespondentsareaskedmultipletimes,overthespanofadecadeormore,todescribethelevelofpolitenessandkindnesstheyobserveintheirfellowcitizens,theirdescriptionsofotherpeople’sattitudesandbehaviorsdonotactuallyworsenatall.MastroianniandGilbert,whosepaperappearsinthejournalNature,saytheresultsofsimilarsurveysconductedindozensofothercountriesoverthedecadessuggestthatpeopleallovertheworldareeasytobeinfluencedbythemisconceptionthattheirpeersarelessmoralthantheyoncewere.Theysaythatthismisconceptionislikelyexplainedbytwowellestablishedpsychologicalphenomenaactingtogether:thatwetendtopaycloserattentiontonegativeratherthanpositiveinformationaboutpeople’sactionsinthepresentday;andthatwetendtoselectivelyforgetsuchnegativeimpressionsastheyearsrollon,leavinguswithgoodmemoriesforthepast.MastroianniandGilbertalsosaythattheirdiscoveryhasimportantsocialandpoliticalimplications,especiallygiventhat,asone2015surveyfound,threequartersofallAmericansbelievethataddressingthemoralbreakdownofthecountryshouldbeahighpriority(优先项)forthegovernment.“TheUnitedStatesfacesmanywelldocumentedproblems,fromclimatechangeandterrorismtoracialinjusticeandeconomicinequality—andyet,nowadaysitisbelievedthatthegovernmentshoulddevotefewerresourcestoreversinganimaginarytrend.”32.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?A.ToprovideahistoricalreviewofAmericansociety.B.Topresentcontrastingviewpointsonmoraldecline.C.TointroducethetopicofmoraldeclineinAmericansociety.D.Todiscussthemethodofpsychologicalresearchonmoraldecline.33.WhatisthemainargumentpresentedbyMastroianniandGilbertintheirresearch?A.ThemoralityofAmericansocietyseemstobeonarapidrise.B.Americancitizens’beliefindecliningmoralityisafalseidea.C.ThemoralbreakdownhasalreadybeenalongtermissueinAmerica.D.Americansocietyhasrealizeditsownmisconceptionofmoraldecline.34.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthereasonforthewidespreadbeliefinmoraldecline?A.Selectivememoryaboutpreviousimpressions.B.Themixedinfluenceofpsychologicalphenomena.C.Negativedescriptionsofmoralityfrompeers.D.Lackofgovernmentinvolvementinmoralissues.35.WhatdoesMastroianniandGilbert’sresearchimplyonsocialandpoliticalviews?A.Americansshouldattachmoreimportancetoglobalissues.B.Americansshouldhelpthegovernmentreversethemoraldecline.C.Governmentresourcesshouldbefocusedonaddressingthemoraldecline.D.Addressingtheimaginarymoralbreakdownshouldnotbeatopchoice.【答案】32.C33.B34.B35.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了心理学家亚当·马斯楚安尼和丹尼尔·吉尔伯特进行的一项研究，该研究发现，在美国普遍认为道德衰落是一种误解。他们分析了几十年来来自不同国家的调查，发现人们倾向于认为他们的同龄人没有以前那么道德，尽管有证据表明事实并非如此。心理学家将这种误解归因于人们倾向于关注负面信息，并随着时间的推移选择性地忘记负面印象。【32题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“OnethingthatmanyAmericanscanagreeon,eveninaneraofdeeppoliticalpolarization(两极分化),isthatourcountryisinamoralfreefall.Insurveyaftersurvey,USadultsofallages,educationlevels,politicalorreligiousbackgroundssaythatpeoplearelesskind,honest,generous,andrespectfulthantheyusedtobe.Soisournation’smoralfoundationfallingapart?”（即使在一个政治两极分化严重的时代，许多美国人都同意的一件事是，我们的国家正在道德上自由落体。在一项又一项的调查中，各个年龄段、教育程度、政治或宗教背景的