初四英语非谓语动词语法以及目标训练(有答案)

非谓语动词主要包括不定式、动名词和现在分词。为了区分这三种不同的非谓语动词的用法和含义，我们将分别从三种非谓语动词在句子中做主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、表语以及一些特殊结构句型等角度来区分其用法和细微含义。1．不定式和动名词作主语的区别(1)动名词作主语通常表示抽象动作；而不定式作主语表示具体动作。Smokingisprohibited(禁止)here．这里禁止抽烟。(抽象)Itisnotverygoodforyoutosmokesomuch．你抽这么多烟对你身体很不好。(具体)(2)动名词作主语时，通常用以表示一件已知的事或经验。不定式短语通常用来表示一件未完成的事或目的。Climbingmountainsisinteresting．爬山很有趣。(经验)Drivingacarduringtherushhouristiring．在高峰时刻开车令人厌烦。(经验)（3）不定式做主语，一般用it当形式主语，把作主语的不定式短语后置。Ittookmeonlyfiveminutestofinishthejob.2．不定式、动名词和分词作表语的区别(1)不定式作表语1)不定式作表语一般表示具体动作，特别是表示将来的动作。Todotwothingsatatimeistodoneither．--次做两件事等于未做。WhatIwouldsuggestistostartworkatonce.我的建议是立刻开始干。2）如果主语是不定式（表示条件），表语也是不定式（表示结果）。Toseeistobelieve.百闻不如一见。Toworkmeanstoearnaliving．工作就是为了生活。3)如果主语是以aim，duty，hope，idea，happiness，job，plan，problem，purpose，thing，wish等为中心的名词，或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式作表语是对主语起补充说明作用。Hiswishistobuyaluxuriouscarinthenearfuture．他的希望是在不远的将来买一辆豪华轿车。ThefunctionofLouisSullivan’sarchitecturewastoprovidelargeuninterruptedfloorareasandtoallowamplelightintotheinterior.Themostimportantthingistonegotiatewiththemaboutthefutureoftheplant．(2)动名词作表语：动名词作表语，表示抽象的一般性的行为。Ourworkisservingthepeople．我们的工作是为人民服务。Hishobbyiscollectingstamps．他的爱好是集邮。(注)动名词作表语时与进行时态中的现在分词形式相同，但其所属结构迥异，进行时态说明动作是由主语完成的。动名词做表语，说明主语的性质或情况。Peoplecannotbutfeelpuzzled，fortheysimplycannotunderstandhowhecouldhavemadesuchastupidmistake.HisvictoryinthefinalwasnomoreconvincingthanIhadexpected．(3)分词作表语分词做表语有两种情况，一种是现在分词做表语，一种是过去分词做表语，这两者区别是考试中经常考到的地方。一般来说，表示心理状态的动词如excite，interest等都是及物动词，汉语意思不是“激动”，“高兴”，而是“使激动”、“使高兴”，因而现在分词应该是“令人激动的”、“令人高兴的”，过去分词则是“感到激动的”和“感到高兴的”。所以，凡表示“令人……的”都是-ing形式，凡是表示“感到……”都用-ed形式。换句话说，若人对……感兴趣，就是somebodyisinterestedin...,若人/物本身有兴趣时，就是说sb./sth.isinteresting.这类词常见的有：interesting使人感到高兴--interested感到高兴的exciting令人激动的--excited感到激动的delighting令人高兴的--delighted感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的--disappointed感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的--encouraged感到鼓舞的pleasing令人愉快的--pleased感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的--puzzled感到费解的satisfying令人满意的---satisfied感到满意的surprising令人惊异的--surprised感到惊异的worrying令人担心的--worried感到担心的Travellingisinterestingbuttiring．旅行是有趣的，但是使人疲劳。Thepupilswillgetconfusediftheyaremadetolearntoomuch．如果要学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。Theargumentisveryconvincing．他的论点很令人信服。Theywereveryexcitedatthenews．听到这个消息，他们非常激动。3．不定式和动名词作宾语的区别英语中大多数动词既可跟不定式，也可跟动名词作直接宾语，但有些动词要求：(1)不定式做宾语和宾语补足语1)下面的动词要求不定式做宾语attempt企图enable能够neglect忽视afford负担得起demand要求long渴望arrange安排destine注定mean意欲，打算begin开始expect期望omit忽略，漏appear似乎，显得determine决定manage设法cease停止hate憎恨，厌恶pretend假装ask问dread害怕need需要agree同意desire愿望love爱swear宣誓volunteer志愿wish希望bear承受endeavor努力offer提供beg请求fail不能plan计划bother扰乱；烦恼forget忘记prefer喜欢，宁愿care关心，喜欢happen碰巧prepare准备decide决定learn学习regret抱歉，遗憾choose选择hesitate犹豫profess表明claim要求hope希望promise承诺，允许start开始undertake承接want想要consent同意，赞同intend想要refuse拒绝decide决定learn学习vow起contrive设法，图谋incline有…倾向propose提议seek找，寻觅try试图2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补：动词+宾语+动词不定式ask要求，邀请get请，得到prompt促使allow允许forbid禁止prefer喜欢，宁愿announce宣布force强迫press迫使bride收买inspire鼓舞request请求assist协助hate憎恶pronounce断定，表示advise劝告exhort告诫，勉励pray请求authorize授权，委托help帮助recommend劝告，推荐bear容忍implore恳求remind提醒beg请求induce引诱report报告compel强迫invite吸引，邀请，summon传唤command命令intend想要，企图show显示drive驱赶mean意欲，打算train训练cause引起instruct指示require要求deserve应受leave使，让tell告诉direct指导like喜欢tempt劝诱entitle有资格order命令warn告诫enable使能够need需要urge激励，力说encourage鼓励oblige不得不want想要condemn指责，谴责lead引起，使得teach教entreat恳求permit允许wish希望(2)有少数动词只能用动名词作宾语acknowledge承认，自认cease停止mention说到，讲到admit承认tolerate忍受dislike不喜欢，讨厌advocate：提倡，主张complete完成dread可怕appreciate感激，欣赏confess坦白endure忍受avoid避免contemplate细想enjoy享有，喜爱bear忍受defer拖延envy嫉妒can’thelp不禁delay延迟escape逃跑，逃避can’tstand受不了deny否认excuse借口consider考虑detest嫌恶fancy幻想，爱好favor造成，偏爱mind介意repent悔悟figure描绘，计算miss错过resent怨恨finish完成，结束不得pardon原谅，饶恕resist抵抗，阻止forgive原谅permit允许resume恢复imagine设想postpone延迟，延期risk冒险involve卷入，包含practise实行，实践suggest建议hate讨厌prevent阻止save营救，储蓄keep保持quit放弃停止stand坚持，忍受loathe非常讨厌，厌恶recall回想例如：Iappreciatehavingbeengiventheopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.我很感激两年前给我出国学习的机会。(3)有些动词后使用动名词和动词不定式作宾语的差别1）forgettodo忘记要去做某事（此事未做）forgetdoing忘记做过某事（此事已做过或已发生）2）stoptodo停止、中断（某件事），目的是去做另一件事stopdoing停止正在或经常做的事3）remembertodo记住去做某事（未做）rememberdoing记得做过某事(已做)4)regrettodo对要做的事遗憾regretdoing对做过的事遗憾、后悔5）trytodo努力、企图做某事trydoing试验、试一试某种办法6)meantodo打算，有意要…meandoing意味着7）goontodo继而（去做另外一件事情）goondoing继续（原先没有做完的事情）8）proposetodo打算（要做某事）proposingdoing建议（做某事）9)like/love/hate/prefer+todo表示具体行为；+doingsth表示抽象、倾向概念（注)如果这些动词前有should一词，其后宾语只跟不定式，不能跟动名词。例如：Ishouldliketoseehimtomorrow．10)need,want,deserve+动名词表被动意义；+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。Don’tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?你不记得以前见过那个人吗?Youmustremembertoleavetomorrow．你可要记着是明天动身。Idon’tregrettellingherwhatIthought．我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过)Iregrettohavetodothis，butIhavenochoice．我很遗憾必须这样去做，我实在没办法。(未做但要做)Youmusttrytobemorecareful．你可要多加小心。Let’strydoingtheworksomeotherway．让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。Ididn’tmeantohurtyourfeeling．我没想要伤害你的感情。Thisillnesswillmean(your)goingtohospital．得了这种病(你)就要进医院。4．不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别(1）不定式作定语1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系Hewasthelastonetoleaveschoolyesterday．昨天他是最后一个离开教室的。ThetraintoarrivewasfromLondon．将要到站的火车是从伦敦开来的。2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系Gethimsomethingtoeat．给他拿点儿东西吃。Shehasalotofworktodointhemorning．早上他有很多工作要做。3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这里的介词不能省去。Ineedapentowritewith．我需要一支笔写字。Thereisnothingtoworryabout．没有什么值得发愁的。4)不定式修饰一些表示方向、原因、时间、机会、权利等抽象名词如：ability能力，本领drive赶，驾驶movement运动，活动ambition抱负，野心effort努力，尝试need需要，需求campaign战役，运动failure失败，不及格opportunity机会chance机会force力，压力，要点promise许诺，希望courage勇气intention意向，意图reason理由，原因decision决定method方法，方式light光，光线，亮光determination决心，决定motive动机，目的struggle奋斗，努力，tendency倾向，趋势wish希望，愿望，祝愿5）被修饰的名词前有序数词、形容词最高级或next，second,last,only和nota，the等限定词时候，只能用不定式。6)不定代词something,nothing,little,much,alot等习惯上用不定式做定语。Johnwilldoanythingbutworkonafarm．除了农活，约翰什么都愿意干。7）如果其动词要求用不定式做宾语，或者其形容词要器接不定式做补语，则相应的名词一般用不定式做定语。如：tendtodo---tendencytodo；decidetodo=decisiontodo；becurioustodo=curiositytodoHiswishtobuyacarcametrue．他要买辆车的愿望实现了。Theirdecisiontogiveuptheexperimentsurprisedus．他们放弃这个实验的决定使我们大吃一惊。Heisalwaysthefirsttocomeandthelasttoleave．他总是第一个到来，最后一个离去。(2)分词作定语分词作定语时有下面几个特点：1)现在分词表示主动意义，过去分词一般表示被动含意。2)现在分词表示正在进行，过去分词表示状态或做完(完成)的事。Herushedintotheburninghouse．他冲进了正在燃烧着的房子。Thechildstandingoverthereismybrother．站在那儿的男孩子是我弟弟。Theroomfacingsouthisourclassroom．朝南的房间是我们的教室。Haveyougotyourwatchrepaired?你拿到那个修好的表了吗?Heisanadvancedteacher．他是个先进教师。3）下列不及物动词也以过去分词形式做定语或表语，但不具有被动意义，这点要注意：departed,elapsed,faded,fallen,gone,frown-up,retired,returned,risen,set,vanished,much-traveled,newly-arrived,recently-come(3)不定式和分词作定语时的时间关系一般来说，不定式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后；现在分词所表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生；过去分词表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。例如：DoyouwanttoseethedoctortobesentforfromBeijing?你要见那位将从北京请来的医生吗？Doyouwanttoseethedoctorworkingonthecasereportintheoffice?你要见那位正在办公室里写病历的医生吗？5．不定式和分词作状语的区别（1）现在分词与过去分词作状语的区别。现在分词做状语与过去分词做状语的最主要区别在于两者与所修饰的主语的主动与被动关系的区别。1）现在分词作状语时，现在分词的动作就是句子主语的动作，它们之间的关系是主动关系。Hewentoutshuttingthedoorbehindhim.他出去后将门随手关上。Notknowingwhattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.由于不知如何办是好，他去找父母帮忙。2）过去分词作状语时，过去分词表示的动作是句子主语承受的动作，它们之间的关系是被动关系。Givenmoreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.如果对这些树多关心一些，它们本来会长得更好。Facedwithdifficulties,wemusttrytoovercomethem.在遇到困难的时候，我们必须设法克服。(2)动词不定式和分词作状语的区别1)分词作状语一般表示伴随，而不定式常常表示目的。Theystoodbytheroadsidetalkingabouttheplan．他们站在路边谈论着这个计划。(伴随)Theystoodbytheroadsidetotalkabouttheplan．他们站在路边为的是谈论这个计划。(目的)2)分词作状语放在句子开头，除表示原因之外有时表示时间或条件。动词不定式作状语时，除了表示目的以外，还表示结果或原因。Readingattentively，heforgotthetimeforlunch．由于在专心读书，他忘了吃午饭的时间。(原因)Readingcarefully，hefoundsomethinghehadnotknownbefore．他仔细读书时，发现了一些从前不知道的东西。(时间)Readingcarefully，you'lllearnsomethingnew．只要你仔细阅读，你会学到一些新的东西。(条件)Hisfamilywastoopoortosupporthim．他的家庭太穷，不能维持他的生活。(结果)Theboyisnottallenoughtoreachthebookshelf．这男孩个子不够高，手伸不到书架。(结果)Wearegladtohearthenews．我们很高兴听到这消息。(原因)（3）下面一些句型是不定式做状语时候应该注意的：a：not/nevertoo…to,too…notto,but/onlytoo…to,tooready/eager/apt/inclinedto表示肯定意义b：做结果状语的不定式只能出现在句子的末尾，常见的不定式动词有：find,hear,see,betold,form,give,make,produce等。c：不定式做状语时，其逻辑主语一般为句子的主语，否则用for引导主语。6．非谓语动词常考的其它结构（1)疑问词+不定式结构疑问词who，what，which，when，where和how后加不定式可构成一种特殊的不定式短语。它在句中可以用作主语、宾语、表语和双重宾语。如：Whentostarthasnotbeendecided．何时动身尚未决定。(主语)Idon’tknowwhattodo．我不知道该怎么办。(宾语)Thedifficultywashowtocrosstheriver．困难在于如何过河。(表语)Icantellyouwheretogetthisbook.我可以告诉你哪里可以买到此书。（双重宾语）（注）A.有时疑问词前可用介词，如：Ihavenoideaofhowtodoit.我不知道如何做此事。B.动词know后面不能直接跟不定式作宾语，只能跟疑问词（如：how,what）+不定式：Whilestillayoungboy,Tomknewtoplaythepianowellandashegrewolder,hewroteoperas,themostfamousofwhichisCarmen.(2)介词except和but作“只有…，只能…”讲时跟不定式结构（but与不带to的不定式连用）。Whenthestreetsarefullofmeltingsnow,youcannothelpbutgettingyourshoeswet.(3)不带to的不定式1）在表示生理感觉的动词后的不定式不带to。这类词有：feel觉得observe注意到，看到overhear听到watch注视listento听perceive察觉，感知notice注意see看见lookat看hear听Onseeingtheyoungchildfellintothelake，Ericsprangtohisfeet，andwentontherescue.2)另一类是某些使役动词，如make,let，have等。如：Lethimdoit.让他做吧。IwouldhaveyouknowthatIamill．我想要你知道我病了。(注)：①上述感觉动词与使役动词转换为被动结构时．其后的不定式一般需带to，如：Hewasseentocome．Theboywasmadetogotobedearly.②在动词find与help之后，不定式可带to亦可不带to，如:Hewassurprisedtofindthesheep(to)breakfenceatthisseason．他发现羊在此季节越出栅栏，感到惊讶。3)在donothing／anything／everythingbut(except)结构中。例如：LastnightIdidnothingbutwatchTV．昨天晚上，我除了看电视别的什么也没有干。但是，如果谓语动词不是“donothing，anything，everything”，那么but(except)所跟的不定式则仍须带。Thedoctortoldhimnothingbuttostopsmoking．医生除了让他戒烟，其它什么都没有说。Therewasnothingforthemtodobuttoremainsilent．除了保持沉默以外，他们没有别有别的办法。（4）不定式与动名词的逻辑主语和分词独立结构1)不定式的逻辑主语为：for+名词(或代词宾格)+不定式。例如：Ifounditimpossibleforhimtodothejobalone．我发现他—个人干这活是不可能的。(注)在表示人物性格、特性等的形容词后面，常用of引出不定式的逻辑主语。例如：Itwaswiseofhimtodothat．他那样做是明智的。2)动名词的逻辑主语为；①人称代词的所有格+动名词；②名词’s+动名词。例如：Tominsistedonmygoingwiththem．他坚持要我和他们一起去。Hedislikeshiswife’sworkinglate．他不喜欢他妻子工作得很晚。3)某些形容词，如：careless等不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语。这类词主要有：absurd,bold,brave,courageous,careful,careless,clever,wise,foolish,silly,stupid,good,nice,kindthoughtful,considerate,greedy,generous,honest,modest,polite,rude,cruel,selfish,wicked,wrong等Itisverykindofyoutohelpme．你帮助我太好了。间或也可用for+theretobe表示（而且there后面的不定式只能是tobe）。It’sagreatpityfortheretobemuchtroubleinthecompany.太遗憾了公司里有这么多的麻烦。7．非谓语动词中的有关句型（1）动名词作主语的句型1）Doing...+v.Readingisanart.阅读是门艺术。Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。2)Itis+nouse,nogood(fun,agreatpleasure,awasteoftime,abore...)等名词+doingsth.Itisnousecrying.哭没有用。Itisnogoodobjecting.反对也没有用。Itisagreatfunplayingfootball．打篮球很有趣。Itisawasteoftimetryingtoexplain．设法解释是浪费时间。3)Itis+useless(nice,good，interesting,expensive等形容词)+doingsth．Itisuselessspeaking.光说没用。Itisniceseeingyouagain．真高兴又遇到了你。ItisgoodPlayingchessaftersupper．晚饭后弈棋挺好。Itisexpensiverunningthiscar．开这种小车是浪费。4)Thereisno+doing.．.(thereisno表“不可能”)Thereisnotellingwhatheisgoingtodo．说出他要干什么是不可能的。Thereisnosayingwhatmayhappen.说出将要发生什么是不可能的。5)Thereisnouse(good/point/sense/harm)+doingsth.做某事没用(不好/意义/重要性)Thereisnousecryingoverspiltmilk．牛奶洒了，哭也无用。6)havedifficulty/trouble/problem+(in)+doinghave作有解时，后接情感名词(in可省略)，再接动名词。这类词还有trouble,fun,ahardtime,agoodtime.例如：Wehaddifficulty(in)carryingouttheplan．我们执行计划有困难。7)feellike+名词感觉像动名词“想要”=wouldliketo+原形动词Ifeellikeanewbornbaby．我感觉像一个新生的婴儿。Doyoufeellikegoingtoamovie?你想看电影吗?Idon'tfeellikestudyingtonight．今晚我不想读书。8)spend/wastetimedoingsth.Theyspentalottime(in)makingpreparations．他们花了许多时间作准备。9)在require后只能用动名词，不能用不定式，尽管表示被动的意思也要用动名词的主动形式。Thisproblemrequiresstudyingwithgreatcare．这个问题需要仔细研究。10）cannothelpdoingsth.忍不住（做什么）Icannothelplaughing,onceIseejohninthatbigtrouser.(2)有关分词句型1)在表示感觉和心里状态的动词see，hear，feel，smell，listen(to)，notice，observe，smell，watch这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词(人各等)，也可以是代词宾格(him，us等)。例如：Shesmeltsomethingburningandsawsmokerising．她闻到有东西在燃烧并看到有烟升起来了。Iwatchedthemrehearsingtheplay．我看他们排演戏。Icouldfeelthewindblowingonmyface．我能感觉到风在我脸上吹过。2)表示“致使”等意义的动词，如：catch，find，leave，give，have，get，set后也可跟上述(1)的结构，有时也可跟过去分词结构。例如：Icaughtthemstealingmyapples．我抓住他们偷我的苹果。Ifshecatchesmereadingherdiary，she'llbefurious.如果她抓住我偷看她的日记，她会愤怒的。Wefoundhimwaitingtoreceiveus．我们发现他正等着接待我们。3)go+现在分词表示“从事…”之意，这时现在分词做主语补语。go之后所接现在分词均表示短暂而又愉快的户外活动。如：jogging慢跑，fishing钓鱼，dancing跳舞，skating溜冰，bowling打保龄球，shopping购物，sightseeing游览，camping露营。I’llgocampingtomorrow．我明天去露营。I’llgoshopping．我去商店。Wouldyouliketogoskatingwithme?你想和我去溜冰吗?4)bebusy+v-ing(现在分词)忙着做…Iambusywritingmythesis．我正忙着写论文。Hisassistantisbusy(in)correctingpapers．他的助教忙于批阅考卷。或者bebusywith+n.忙着做某事。Heisbusywithhiswork．他忙着工作。5)Whatdoyousayto+ing分词?(……怎么样?)Whatdoyousaytojoiningusfordinner?和我们一起进餐，你看怎么样?（3）有关动词不定式句型下面这些词组是不定式的习惯用法，只能用不定式形式。cannothelpbutdo,cannotbutdo,cannotchoosebutdo,candonothingbutdo,havenochoice/alternativetodoWhenIconsiderhowtalentedheisasapainter,Icannothelpbutbelievethatthepublicwillappreciatehisgift.(4)therebe的非谓语形式therebe非谓语形式可在句中作主语、宾语、状语和定语。(其中作宾语和状语在1991年和1994年测试过，定语见1996年题10。)Thestudentsexpectedtheretobemorereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexams．(作宾语如1991年题30)1)作动词宾语时，通常用theretobe结构，而不用therebeing。能这样用的及物动词为：expect，like，mean，intend，want，prefer，hate等，如：Wedon'twanttheretobeanycomradeslaggingbehind，我们不希望有任何同志掉队。Theyhatetheretobelongqueueseverywhere.他们不愿意处处都要排长队。Wehavenoobjectiontotherebeingameetinghere．我们并不反对在这里开会。Itisn'tenoughfortheretobeafrosttonight，soIcanleaveJim'scaroutquitesafely．(作状语)2)作状语多用therebeing结构，但若置于介词之后，for用theretobe整个介词短语作程度状语，其它多半用therebeing。Therebeingnobodyelseathand,Ihadtodobymyself．由于附近没有人，我只得独自干了。(原因状语)It’stooearlyfortheretobeanybodyup．太早了，还不会有人起床。(作程度状语)Therehavingbeennorainforalongtime，thegroundwasverydry．因为好长时间没下雨了，地面非常干燥。(原因状语)3)作主语时两种结构都可以，但如是用for引导则要用theretobe。Itisnotuncommonfortheretobeproblemsofcommunicationbetweenoldandyoung．老人与年青人之间存在着沟通问题是很常见的。Therebeingakindergartenoncampusisagreatconveniencetofemaleteachers．幼儿园在校园内对女教师十分方便。4)作定语。Therebe结构作定语时，定语从句中谓语为therebe，there之前的关系代词常常省略。如：Thisisthefastesttrain(that)thereistoNanking．这是到南京的最快一班车。ImustmakefulluseofthetimethereislefttomeanddoasmuchasIcanforthepeople．我要充分利用我剩下的岁月尽量为人民多做些事。目标测试1.______inthematriculationforpostgraduateinashorttimeisreallyahardnut．A．TomakehighscoresB．MakinghighscoresC．TomakelowgoalD．Makinglowgoal2.Ifound________toanswerallthequestionswithinthetimegiven．A．nopossibilityB．therewasimpossibilityC．impossibleD．itimpossible3.Thestudentsexpectedthere_____morereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexams．A．isB．beingC．havebeenD．tobe4.You’regoingtoEnglandnextyear.Youshouldnowpractise______Englishasmuchaspossible.A.speakB.tospeakC.speakingD.Speakabout5.Ifwedon’tstartoutnow,wemustrisk______thetrain.A.missBmissingC.beingmissedDtomiss6.Theflexibilityoffilmallowstheartist_______unstrainedimaginationtotheanimationofcartooncharacters.A．tobringB．briningC．isbroughtD．brings7.Althoughthelecturehadalreadybeenonforfiveminutes，Istillwasnotabletofindachair____.A.tositB．fortositonC．tositonD．forsitting8.Surelyherdaughterwouldmakeanevenbiggereffort______her?A．pleaseB．pleasedC．topleaseD．havingpleased9.Lotsofemptybootswerefoundundertheoldman’sbed.Hemusthavedonenothingbut______.A.drinkB.todrinkC.drinkingD.drunk10.Thelocalhealthorganizationisreported___twenty-fiveyearsagewhenDr.Adudonbecameitsfirstpresident.A.tobesetupB.beingsetupC.tohavebeensetupD.havingbeensetup11.Iheardhim__thedoorA.lockingB.tolockC.lockD.beinglocking12.Hedoesnothingbut___A.complainingB.tocomplainingC.complainD.tocomplain13.Thestudentsexpectedthere___morereviewingclassesbeforethefinalexam.A.isB.beingChavebeenD.tobe14.Thebankisreportedinthelocalnewspaper___inbroaddaylightyesterday.A.toberobbedB.robbedC.tohavebeenrobbedD.havingbeenrobbed15.Iappreciated______theopportunitytostudyabroadtwoyearsago.A.havingbeengivenB.havingbeenC.tohavebeengivenD.tohavegiven16.Thereisnopoint___further.A.argueB.toargueC.arguingD.beingarguing17.Nowhereinnatureisaluminumfoundfree,owingtoitsalways___withotherelements,mostcommonlywithoxygen.A.combinedB.havingcombinedC.combineD.beingcombined18.Theystopped___,butnowI’mgettinginterested.A.listeningB.tolistenC.listenD.havinglistening19.Iamsorrytohearthatyouresorted___A.tocheatB.tocheatingC.cheatingD.cheat20.Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,___insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.A.beingconsideredB.considering.C.tobeconsideredD.havingconsidered21.___oftheburdenofice,theballoonclimberupanddriftedtotheSouth.A.TobefreeB.FreeingC.TofreeD.Freed22.___exceptions,therulemaystand.A.AllowforB.AllowingforC.ToallowD.Toallowfor23.Allflights___becauseofthesnowstorm,wedecidedtotakethetrain.A.werecanceledB.hadbeencanceledC.havingcanceledD.havingbeencanceled24.Johnpaintedhersittinginachairwithherhands___A.foldingB.tohavefoldedC.tofoldD.folded25.It’seasytoblamethedeclineofconversationonthepaceofmodernlifeandonthevaguechanges___placeinourever-changingworld.A.takingB.totakeC.takeD.taken26.IworkedsolateintheofficelastnightthatIhardlyhadtime__thelastbus.A.tohavecaughtB.tocatchC.catchingD.havingcaught27.Ihavegotaloafofbread;nowI’mlookingforaknife____.A.tocutitwithB.tocutwithitC.withittocutD.ittocutwith28.ThefunctionofLouisSullivan’sarchitecturewas___largeuninterruptedfloorareasandtoallowamplelightintotheinterior.A.toprovideB.providingChavingprovidingDprovide29.Hisvictoryinthefinalwasnomore____thanIhadexpected.A.convincingB.convincedC.toconvinceD.beingconvincing30.Irecommendyou___whathesays.A.doB.doingC.todoD.todoing31.Howabout____there?A.togoB.goC.goingD.togoing32.Heisan___teacher.A.advancingB.advancedCbeingadvancingDadvance33.ThePortuguesegiveagreatdealofcredittoonemanforhavingpromotedseatravel,thatman___princeHenrythenavigator,wholivedinthe15thcentury.A.wasB.beingC.isD.havingbeen34.Ihavenoideaof___it.A.todoB.howtodoC.whattodoD.todoing35.Onseeingtheyoungchild___intothelake,Johnsprangtohisfeet,andwenttotherescue.A.fellB.fallC.fallingDtofall36Wedon’twant____anycomradeslaggingbehind.A.therebeingB.theretobeingC.theretobeD.thereis37.Imustmakefulluseofthetime___lefttomeanddoasmuchasIcanforthepeople.A.therebeingB.thereisC.thereareD.theretobe38.Itisnotuncommonfor____problemsofcommunicationbetweenoldandyoung.A.theretobeB.therebeingCtheretobeingD.therebe39.Revolutionmeans___theproductiveforces.A.toliberate.B.tohaveliberatedC.liberatingD.havingbeingliberated40．Thearticleopensandcloseswithdescriptionsoftwonewsreports,each____onemajorpointincontrastwiththeother.A.makeB.madeC.istomakeD.making标准答案：1-5ADDCD6-10ACCAC11-15CCDCA16-20CDBBA21-25DBDDA26-30BAAAC31-35CBBBB36-40CBACD1.Ican'tunderstand_____adecisionuntilitistoolate.a.himtopostponetomakeb.hispostponingtomakec.hispostponingmakingd.hispostponemaking正确答案为：C2.Never_____faithinhimself,JamesWaltwentonwithhisexperiment.a.losingb.tolostc.lostd.tobelost正确答案为：A3.Heissaid_____onthesubjectforyears.a.havingbeenworkingb.tohavebeenworkingc.havingworkedd.towork正确答案为：B4.Thetemperature_____,thechemicalreactionisbeingspeededup.a.risingb.raisingc.beingrisend.raisen正确答案为：A5.Havingnomoneybut_____toknow,hesimplysaidhewouldgowithoutdinner.a.nottohaveanyoneb.notwantinganyonec.wantednooned.towantnoone正确答案为：B6.Theteacherdoesn'tpermit_____inclass.a.smokeb.tosmokec.smokingd.tohaveasmoke正确答案为：C7.Thechildrenwenttheretowatchtheirontower_____.a.toerectb.beerectedc.erectingd.beingerected正确答案为：D8._____withthesizeofwholeearth,thehighestmountaindoesnotseemhighatall.a.Whencomparedb.Comparec.Whilecomparingd.Comparing正确答案为：A9.Themanagerpromisedtokeepme_____ofhowourbusinesswasgoingon.a.tobeinformedb.oninformingrmedrming正确答案为：C10.Iwouldappreciate_____itasecret.a.yourkeepingb.youtokeepc.thatyoukeepd.thatyouwillkeep正确答案为：A11.Herushedintotheroom,hisface_____withsweat.a.wascoveredb.coveredc.tobecoveredd.covering正确答案为：B12.Herewefoundlittlesnow,asmostofitseemed_____blownoffthemountain.a.tohavebeenb.tobec.thatitwasd.thatithadbeen正确答案为：A非谓语动词综合练习一1.Couldyoutellmethewayyou'vethoughtof___?A.todoitB.doingitC.doitD.hastodoit2.I'lldowhateverIcan___myEnglish.A.improveB.toimproveC.improveingD.toimproving3.TheJapanesetooktheislandfromtheBritish,only___theAmericanstwoyearslater.A.toloseittoB.lostbyC.tolosebyD.tobelostby4.Shespoketooquitely____.A.formetohearherB.tometohearherC.formetobeheardD.tometobeheard5.Itiscareless___thesamemistakesinyourcomposition.A.foryoutomakeB.foryoumakingC.ofyoutomakeD.ofyoumaking6.I'vedecidedtodowhatIlike___.A./B.toC.todoD.doing7.Myparentsencouragedmetobeadoctor,butIdidn't____.A.wantB.wanttoC./D.do8.---Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon?---No,butsometimes,IwishI___.A.hadtimetoB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.havetime9.Tomhated___fun___theblacksmith.A.beingmade;ofB.tobemade;ofbyC.tomake;ofbyD.making;to10.It'sagreathonour___presentatthismeeting.A.forustobeB.forustoC.ofustobeD.forourbeing11.I'mhungry.Getmesomething____.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.foreating12.Tosomepeople,popularmusicis___,becauseitisnottotheirtaste.A.pleasanttohearB.pleasanttobeheardC.unpleasanttohearD.unpleasanttobeheard13.I'dratherstayherethan_____withyou.A.wentB.goingC.goD.togo14.Ratherthan___onacrowdedbus,healwaysprefers____abicycle.A.ride;rideB.riding;rideC.ride;torideD.toride;riding15.I'dratherhe__tomorrowafternoon.A.willcomeB.comesC.comingD.came16.Theboywouldrather__thesmallonethanthebigone.A.takeB.totakeC.takingD.taken17.Healwaysknows___intouchwithme.A.togetB.gettingC.howgettingD.wheretoget18.Shecan'timagine___fishingbyherself.A.goingtoB.togoC.goingD.ofgoing19.Haveyougotused___here?A.tolivingB.toliveC.livingD.atliving20.Mostofthemobjected____insuchahurry.A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.toleaving21.___willhelpalot.A.HecomingB.HiscomeC.HiscomingD.Himcoming22.Whodidtheteacher___thearticle?A.havewrittenB.haswriteC.haswrittenD.havewrite23.Doyoufeellike__awalkwithmeaftersupper?A.havingB.tohaveC.hadD.have24.Hewrotemealetter,___mehistroubleandheaskedmeforadvice.A.tellB.tellingC.toldD.totell25.Helookedathisbookwitha___expression;perhapshemetwitha_____problem.A.puzzled;puzzledB.puzzling;puzzlingC.puzzling;puzzledD.puzzled;puzzling26.Thelittlegirlwas__atthe___dog.A.frightenning;frightenedB.frightened;frighteningC.frightened;frightenedD.frightening;frightening27.Theproblem___tomorrowisveryserious.A.beingdiscussedB.discussedC.tobediscussedD.willbediscussed28.---Haveyouanything___there?---No,I'llgotheremyself.Thankyoujustthesame.A.tobetakenB.totakeC.totakenD.whichshouldbetaken29._______,DoctorSmithsmiledwithgreatsatisfaction.A.TheoperationbeingoverB.TheoperationhavingdoneC.FinishedtheoperationD.Toendtheope