2024-2025学年四川省眉山市高三上学期开学考试英语试题（解析版）

高级中学名校试卷PAGEPAGE1四川省眉山市2024-2025学年高三上学期开学考试英语试题（试卷满分150分，考试时间120分钟）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）1.WhatdoesLindalovemostaboutChongqing?A.Thefood.B.Thepeople.C.Thelandscape.2.WheredoesJason’smothercomefrom?A.Spain.B.Mexico.C.America.3.Whatmakesthewomanchoosethezoo?A.Itssize.B.Itslocation.C.Itsdesign.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman’sdeed?A.Stupid.B.Great.C.Confusing.5.Howwouldthewomanliketowatchmovies?A.Atthecinema.B.Onthecomputer.C.Onthesmartphone.第二节听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisKaren’sfavoriteleisuretimeactivity?A.Gardening.B.Readingbooks.C.Collectingstamps.7.Howmanystampshasthemancollected?A.100.B.150.C.200.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Howoldshouldachildbetogotothecamp?A.Atleast3yearsold.B.Atleast9yearsold.C.Atleast19yearsold.9.Whatdoolderchildrenmainlylearnintheclass?A.Basicdanceskills.B.Differentstylesofdance.C.Challengingballetmovements.10.Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A.Bookaclassonline.B.Findoutthecamp’sprice.C.TellAmyaboutthecamp.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.WhatdidGuyParker-Reesdoforthebook?A.Hewrotethestory.B.Hefinancedit.C.Hedrewitspaintings.12.WhatdidJohndecidetodoafterreadingthebook?A.Learntoadmireothers.B.Keeplearningnewthings.C.Appreciatehisownstrengths.13.WheredidJohngetthebook?A.Fromabookstore.B.Fromalibrary.C.Fromafriend.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。14.WhatrecorddoesZurielOduwolehold?A.Thefilmmakerofmakingthemostfilms.B.Themostfamousfilmmakeratthemoment.C.Theyoungestfilmmakerinthefilmindustryever.15.WhydidZurielOduwolemakefilms?A.Tomakesomemoney.B.TodrawattentiontoAfricanlives.C.TopromoteeducationforAfricangirls.16.WhatdoesthewomansayaboutZurielOduwole?A.Sheisbrave.B.Sheisinspiring.C.Sheisconfident.17.Whoismostprobablythewoman?A.Anathlete.B.Acoach.C.Anactress.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whatisthespeaker’sopiniononlearningafterleavingschool?A.It’spopular.B.It’simportant.C.It’schallenging.19.Whatdoesthespeakerlovedoingmost?A.Travelingtonewplaces.B.Joiningpeergroups.C.Readingbooks.20.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?A.Howtogetabettertutor.B.Howtodevelopnewhobbies.C.Howtobecomealifelonglearner.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATherearetonsofphysicstextbooksavailablearoundtheworld.Basedonourwebresearch,hereareourtopfourpickswiththeintroductionofphysicsinsimple,practicallanguage.Mechanics,Relativity,andThermodynamicsThisbookisacollectionofonlineteachingsbyProfessorR.Shankar.ShankarisoneofthefirsttobeinvolvedintheinnovativeOpenYaleCoursesprogram.Itisaperfectintroductiontocollege-levelphysics.Studentsofchemistry,engineering,andAPPhysicswillfindthisbookhelpful.PhysicsforStudentsofScienceandEngineeringThisbookhelpsstudentstoreadscientificdata,answerscientificquestions,andidentifyfundamentalconcepts.Thenewandimproved10theditionfeaturesmulti-mediaresources,andquestionstoteststudents’understandingofeachconcept.TheFeynmanLecturesonPhysicsRichardFeynmanisregardedasoneofthegreatestteachersofphysicstowalkthefaceoftheearth.ThisbookisacollectionofFeynman’slectures.Inhiswords,theselecturesallbeganasanexperiment,which,inturn,formedthebasisofthisbook.UniversityPhysicswithModernPhysicsThebookisrecognizedforteachingandapplyingprinciplesofphysicsthroughanarrative(叙事的)method.Toensureabetterunderstandingandabilitytoapplytheseconcepts,workedexamplesareprovided,givingstudentstoolstodevelopproblem-solvingskillsandconceptualunderstanding.1.Whatdothefirsttwobookshaveincommon?A.Theyareimprovededitions.B.Theyarewrittenbyprofessors.C.Theyfavorstudentsofengineering.D.Theyfeaturemulti-mediaresources.2.Whichbookbestsuitsstudentswhoenjoylearningphysicsthroughpracticalexamples?A.Mechanics,Relativity,andThermodynamics.B.PhysicsforStudentsofScienceandEngineering.C.TheFeynmanLecturesonPhysics.D.UniversityPhysicswithModernPhysics.3.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anonlinearticle.B.Aresearchpaper.C.Aphysicstextbook.D.Asciencejournal.〖答案〗1.C2.D3.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本物理学入门教科书，这些书用简单的语言介绍了物理学。【1题详析】细节理解题。由文章第二段中“Itisaperfectintroductiontocollege-levelphysics.Studentsofchemistry,engineering,andAPPhysicswillfindthisbookhelpful.(这是大学物理的完美入门。化学、工程和AP物理专业的学生会发现这本书很有帮助。)”可知，Mechanics,Relativity,andThermodynamics这本书适合化学、工程学和AP物理学专业的学生，再由文章第三段“Thisbookhelpsstudentstoreadscientificdata,answerscientificquestions,andidentifyfundamentalconcepts.(这本书帮助学生阅读科学数据，回答科学问题，并确定基本概念。)”可知，PhysicsforStudentsofScienceandEngineering这本书能帮助学生阅读科学数据、回答科学问题并确定基本概念，且此书的名字也提及了工程学专业，故这两本书都适合工程学专业的学生阅读。故选C项。【2题详析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Toensureabetterunderstandingandabilitytoapplytheseconcepts,workedexamplesareprovided,givingstudentstoolstodevelopproblem-solvingskillsandconceptualunderstanding.(为了确保更好地理解和应用这些概念，提供了工作示例，为学生提供了培养解决问题的能力和概念理解的工具。)”可知，UniversityPhysicswithModernPhysics这本书最适合喜欢通过实际例子学习物理的学生。故选D项。【3题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Basedonourwebresearch,hereareourtopfourpickswiththeintroductionofphysicsinsimple,practicallanguage.(根据我们的网络研究，以下是我们用简单实用的语言介绍物理学的四大精选。)”并分析文章的语言和内容结构可知，这篇文章可能是一篇在线文章（类似于网络文章或博客帖子）。故选A项。BTechbusinessmanJaredIsaacman,whomadeafortuneintechandfighterjets,boughtanentireflightandtookthree“everyday”peoplewithhimtospace.Heaimedtousetheprivatetriptoraise$200millionforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,halfcomingfromhisownpocket.HiscrewincludedaSt.Judeworkerwithdirecttiestotheactivity,representingtheactivity’spillar(核心)ofHope,aprofessor,andanotherperson,representingthepillarofGenerosity,chosenaspartofa$200millionSt.Judefundraisingprogram.AllwereinvitedtojoinindonatingtoreachtheambitiousoverallcampaigngoalinsupportofSt.Jude’scurrentmulti-billiondollarexpansiontospeedupresearchadvancesandsavemorechildrenworldwide.AnyonedonatingtoSt.Judewouldbeenteredintoarandomdrawingforthe“Generosity”seat.Isaacmanhasbeen“reallyinterestedinspace”sincehewasinkindergarten.Hedroppedoutofhighschoolwhenhewas16,gotaGEDcertificateandstartedabusinessinhisparents’basementthatbecamethebeginningofShift4Payments,acreditcardprocessingcompany.Hesetaspeedrecordflyingaroundtheworldin2009whileraisingmoneyfortheMake-A-Wishprogram,andlaterestablishedDrakenInternational,theworld’slargestprivatefleet(舰队)offighterjets.Nowhehasrealizedhischildhooddream-boardingaspaceship,launchedinFloridaandorbitingtheEarthforthreedaysinthehistory-makingevent.Hecalleditan“epic(史诗般的)adventure”.“Itrulywantustoliveinaworld50or100yearsfromnowwherepeoplearejumpingtheirrockets,”Isaacmansaid.“Andifwe’regoingtoliveinthatworld,we’dbetterdealwithchildhoodcancersuccessfullyalongtheway.”4.WhydidIsaacmanraisefundsforSt.Jude?A.Toexpandafundraisingprogramme. B.Toperformanactofgreatgenerosity.C.Tomakehischildhooddreamcometrue. D.ToencourageSt.Jude’slife-savingwork.5.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.ThecommercialskillsofIsaacman. B.ThegrowthexperienceofIsaacman.C.ThereasonforIsaacman’sgooddeeds. D.ThebeginningofIsaacman’sbusiness.6.Whatcanbelearnedaboutthe“epicadventure”?A.Itwasamulti-dayjourney. B.Itwillbecommoninthefuture.C.Itinvolvedthreeciviliansintotal. D.Itisasymbolofhopeforabetterlife.7.WhatmessageisconveyedinIsaacman’sstory?A.Nosweetwithoutsweat. B.Manyhandsmakelightwork.C.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart. D.Apennysavedisapennyearned.〖答案〗4.D5.B6.A7.C【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章围绕Isaacman的太空旅行、他的创业经历、以及他对社会公益事业的贡献展开，展现了一个充满梦想、勇气和责任感的企业家形象。【4题详析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Heaimedtousetheprivatetriptoraise$200millionforSt.JudeChildren’sResearchHospital,halfcomingfromhisownpocket.(他计划利用这次私人旅行为圣裘德儿童研究医院筹集2亿美元，其中一半由他自掏腰包。)”可知，Isaacman为St.Jude筹集资金是为了鼓励其拯救生命的工作，帮助加快研究进展并拯救更多的儿童。故选D。【5题详析】主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“Isaacmanhasbeen“reallyinterestedinspace”sincehewasinkindergarten.Hedroppedoutofhighschoolwhenhewas16,gotaGEDcertificateandstartedabusinessinhisparents’basementthatbecamethebeginningofShift4Payments,acreditcardprocessingcompany.Hesetaspeedrecordflyingaroundtheworldin2009whileraisingmoneyfortheMake-A-Wishprogram,andlaterestablishedDrakenInternational,theworld’slargestprivatefleet(舰队)offighterjets.(Isaacman自幼儿园起就对太空“非常感兴趣”。他16岁时辍学，获得了高中同等学历证书，并在他父母的地下室里开始了自己的事业，这成为了信用卡处理公司Shift4Payments的开端。2009年，他在为“许愿基金会”筹集资金的同时，创下了环球飞行的速度纪录，后来还创立了DrakenInternational，这是世界上最大的私人战斗机舰队。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了Isaacman的成长经历。故选B。【6题详析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Nowhehasrealizedhischildhooddream-boardingaspaceship,launchedinFloridaandorbitingtheEarthforthreedaysinthehistory-makingevent.(现在，他已经实现了儿时的梦想——登上宇宙飞船，这艘飞船在佛罗里达州发射，并在这一具有历史意义的事件中绕地球飞行了三天。)”可知，这次史诗般的冒险是一次多日的太空之旅。故选A。【7题详析】推理判断题。通读文章可知，Isaacman通过努力实现自己的梦想，展示了只要有决心和勇气，没有什么是不可能的。他放弃了学业，但在父母的地下室里开始了自己的事业，最终取得了成功。因此，他的故事传达了“有志者事竟成”的信息，即只要有决心和勇气，就可以克服任何困难，实现自己的梦想。故选C。CIsdietsodasafe?Ifyou’reconcernedaboutsugar,dietproductsseemabetteroption,sweetandnotsobadforyou.Wrong!Drinkingdietsodaregularlycanincreaseyourriskofdiseases.Despitethefactthatwecallthesedrinks“diet”,theartificialsweetenerstheycontainarelinkedtoweightgain,notloss.There’sthelatestevidencethattheyincreasetheriskofdepression,whichcomesfromanewanalysisbyresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchool.Theteamdrewuponadatasetofnearly32,000femalenurses,ages42to62whenthestudybegan.Itturnedoutthatthenurseswhoconsumedthemostdietdrinkshada37percenthigherchanceofdepression,comparedtothosewhodranktheleastornone.Dietsodaalsoincreasesyourriskofstroke(中风),accordingtoaseparatemeta-analysisthatincluded72studies.Lookingforthecausesbehindthestroke,researcherstookvariousbloodmeasurementswhen12healthyvolunteersintheir20sdrankwater,soda,ordietsoda.Theresultshowedthatbothsodasslowedtheflowofbloodwithinthebrain.Thoughtheeffectdidn’tseemsufficienttocausestroke,slowerbloodflowcouldhaveaccumulatingeffects.Otherresearchershavefoundthatdietsodaincreasestheriskofdementia(痴呆),fromdatafromnearly178,000volunteerstrackedoveranaverageofnineyears.That’snotabigsurprise.Anearlierstudyofabout4,300volunteersconcludedthatdrinkingdietsodaeverydaywastiedtothreetimestheriskofdementiaoverthefollowingdecade.Theresearcherslookedatbrainscansandtheresultsofmentalfunctionassessments.Adailydietsodawaslinkedtosmallerbrainsandaggravateslong-termmemory,tworiskfactorsfordementia.Avoidingdepression,stroke,anddementiaisanobviousgoalforwhoeverdesirestoagehealthily.Soyouknowwhattodo.8.Howdoestheauthorpresenthispointofview?A.Byanalyzingcauses. B.Bygivingopinions.C.Byquotingspecialists. D.Bypresentingresearch.9.Whateffectmightdietsodahaveonpeople?A.Slightweightloss. B.Increasedbloodflow.C.Raiseddepressionrisk. D.Severementaldecline.10.Whichcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“aggravates”inparagraph4?A.Deletes. B.Worsens. C.Motivates. D.Stimulates.11.Whatmighttheauthoradviseustodo?A.Quitconsumingdietsodas. B.Limitthedailysugarintake.C.Setachievablehealthgoals. D.Followfixedagingprocess.〖答案〗8.D9.C10.B11.A【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章中作者通过引用多项研究来表明喝无糖汽水的危害，包括增加患抑郁症、中风和痴呆的风险。【8题详析】推理判断题。根据第二段“There’sthelatestevidencethattheyincreasetheriskofdepression,whichcomesfromanewanalysisbyresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchool.(最新的证据表明，它们会增加患抑郁症的风险，这一证据来自哈佛医学院研究人员的一项新分析)”以及倒数第二段“Otherresearchershavefoundthatdietsodaincreasestheriskofdementia(痴呆),fromdatafromnearly178,000volunteerstrackedoveranaverageofnineyears.(其他研究人员发现，无糖汽水会增加患痴呆症的风险，这些数据来自对近17.8万名志愿者平均9年的跟踪调查)”可知，作者通过展示研究来提出自己的观点。故选D。【9题详析】细节理解题。根据第二段“There’sthelatestevidencethattheyincreasetheriskofdepression,whichcomesfromanewanalysisbyresearchersatHarvardMedicalSchool.(最新的证据表明，它们会增加患抑郁症的风险，这一证据来自哈佛医学院研究人员的一项新分析)”可知，根据哈佛医学院研究人员的数据，无糖汽水会增加患抑郁症的风险。故选C。【10题详析】词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Adailydietsodawaslinkedtosmallerbrains(每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩)”和后文“tworiskfactorsfordementia(痴呆的两个危险因素)”可知，每天喝无糖汽水会导致大脑萎缩，所以“aggravateslong-termmemory(aggravates长期记忆)”也应表示无糖汽水的不良影响。因此，aggravate的意思应为“使恶化”，worsen与之意思相近。故选B。【11题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Avoidingdepression,stroke,anddementiaisanobviousgoalforwhoeverdesirestoagehealthily.Soyouknowwhattodo.(避免抑郁、中风和痴呆是任何想要健康老去的人的一个明显目标。所以你知道该怎么做)”可知，为了能健康地老去，作者可能会建议我们停止喝无糖汽水。故选A。DRecentdevelopmentsinrobotics,artificialintelligence,andmachinelearninghavebroughtusintheeyeofthestormofanewautomationage.Abouthalfoftheworkcarriedoutbypeoplewaslikelytobeautomatedby2055withadaptiontotechnology,aMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredicted.Automationcanenablebusinessestoimproveperformancebyreducingerrorsandimprovingqualityandspeed,andinsomecasesachievingoutcomesthatgobeyondhumancapabilities.Atatimeofweakproductivitygrowthworldwide,automationtechnologiescanprovidethemuch-neededpromotionofeconomicgrowth,accordingtothereport.Automationcouldraiseproductivitygrowthgloballyby0.8percentto1.4percent.Atagloballevel,technicallyautomatedactivitiesinvolved1.1billionemployeesand11.9trillionU.S.dollarsinwages,thereportsaid.Thereportalsoshowedthatactivitiesmostinfluencedbyautomationwerephysicalonesinhighlystructuredandpredictableenvironments,aswellasdatacollectionandprocessing.IntheUnitedStates,theseactivitiesmakeup51percentofactivitiesintheeconomy,accountingforalmost2.7trilliondollarsinwages.Theyaremostcommoninproduction,accommodationandfoodservice,andtheretail(零售)trade.Andit’snotjustlow-skill,low-wageworkthatislikelytobeinfluencedbyautomation;middle-skillandhigh-paying,high-skilloccupations,too,haveadegreeofautomationpotential.Therobotsandcomputersnotonlycanperformarangeofroutinephysicalworkactivitiesbetterandmorecheaplythanhumans,butarealsoincreasinglycapableofaccomplishingactivitiesthatrequirecognitive(认知的)capabilities,suchasfeelingemotionsordriving.Whilemuchofthecurrentdebateaboutautomationhasfocusedonthepotentialthatmanypeoplemaybereplacedandthereforelosetheirfinancialresources,theanalysisshowsthathumanswillstillbeneeded:Thetotalproductivitygainswillonlycomeaboutifpeopleworkalongsidemachines.12.Whatisthereportmainlyabout?A.Comparisonsofrobotswithhumans.B.Analysisofautomation’spotentialineconomy.C.Predictionoftheunemploymentproblem.D.Explanationsoftheconceptoftheautomationage.13.Whatmighthappenin2055accordingtothetext?A.Automationwillcauseweakproductivitygrowth.B.Automationwillreduceemployees’wages.C.Activitieslikedatacollectionandprocessingwilldisappear.D.Activitiesinvolvefeelingemotionscanbeperformedbyrobots.14.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthumanworkers?A.Worried. B.Mixed.C.Optimistic. D.Doubtful.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Automation:Achallengetoall?B.Automation:Wheretogofromhere?C.Automation:Whoistheeventualwinner?D.Automation:Afuturereplacementforhumans?〖答案〗12.B13.D14.C15.D【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告。报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人类工作有可能实现自动化。【12题详析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的句子“Abouthalfoftheworkcarriedoutbypeoplewaslikelytobeautomatedby2055withadaptiontotechnology,aMcKinseyGlobalInstitutereportpredicted.(麦肯锡全球研究所(McKinseyGlobalInstitute)的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着技术的发展，大约一半的人类工作可能会实现自动化。)”和接下来三段的展开论述可知，这篇报告主要分析了自动化对经济的影响，探讨了自动化在提高效率、推动经济增长方面的作用，以及这一趋势对不同类型工作的影响。故选B。【13题详析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段内容“Therobotsandcomputersnotonlycanperformarangeofroutinephysicalworkactivitiesbetterandmorecheaplythanhumans,butarealsoincreasinglycapableofaccomplishingactivitiesthatrequirecognitivecapabilities,suchasfeelingemotionsordriving.(机器人和计算机不仅可以比人类更好、更便宜地完成一系列日常体力劳动，而且也越来越有能力完成需要认知能力的活动，比如感受情绪或驾驶。)”可知，机器人和计算机会越来越能够完成需要认知能力才能完成的事，例如感受情绪或驾驶车辆。故选D。【14题详析】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whilemuchofthecurrentdebateaboutautomationhasfocusedonthepotentialthatmanypeoplemaybereplacedandthereforelosetheirfinancialresources,theanalysisshowsthathumanswillstillbeneeded:Thetotalproductivitygainswillonlycomeaboutifpeopleworkalongsidemachines.(虽然目前关于自动化的争论主要集中在许多人可能被取代从而失去经济资源的可能性上，但分析表明，人类仍然是需要的：只有当人类与机器一起工作时，总生产率才会提高。)”可知，作者对人类工作者持积极乐观的态度。故选C。【15题详析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文开头主要介绍了机器人技术、人工智能和机器学习的最新发展使人类处于一个新的自动化时代的风口浪尖。麦肯锡全球研究院的一份报告预测，到2055年，随着对技术的适应，大约一半的人工工作有可能实现自动化。接着文章展开介绍了自动化对经济及不同类型工作的影响，最后提出人类和机器一起工作，总生产率提高才会实现。因此D项“自动化：未来人类的替代品？”适合作本文标题。故选D。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Sustainabletravelisnowoneofthefastest-growingmovements.Itsgoalistomeettheneedsofthetourismindustrywithoutharmingnaturalandculturalenvironments.____16____Herearesomeconcretewaystoreduceyourenvironmentalimpactasatraveler.____17____Traveldoesn’thavetobeaboutgoingsomewherefaraway.It’stheartofexploration,discoveryandgettingoutofyourcomfortzone,allofwhichcanjustaswellbenearby.Findsomewherenearbyyouhaven’tbeen,getinyourcar,andgoforavisit.Youneverknowwhatyou’llcomeacross.Makegreenertransportationchoices.Afterwalking,publictransportationisthenextbestwaytoexplorenewdestinations.____18____Whenitcomestolongerdistances,busesandtrainsareyourbestwayofgettingaround,bothofwhichcanbequiteanexperienceinandofitself.Avoidover-visiteddestinations.Ifyoucan,avoidplaceswithover-tourism.You’llfindfewercrowdsandlowerprices,andyoualsowon’tbeputtingasmuchpressureonlocalcommunitiesstrugglingtokeepup.And,fromapersonal-enjoymentpointofview,whowantstodealwithcrowdsorlonglines?Noone.____19____Takeanature-relatedtrip.Ifyouwanttobetterunderstandandappreciatethenaturalworld,trytakingatripwiththesinglepurposeofconnectingwithnature.____20____Ipromisethatwhenyoucomehome,you’llhaveanewviewpointonwhywe’reallsofocusedonbeingenvironmentallyfriendlythesedays.A.Stayclosetohome.B.Findanidealplacetoexplore.C.Sustainabletravelcanbeusefultosupportcommunities.D.Notonlyisitbetterfortheenvironment,butit’scheaperaswell.E.Getintouchwiththeworldinawaythatsittingathomedoesn’t.F.Ifnotmanagedproperly,tourismcanhaveincrediblynegativeimpacts.G.Visitingless-visiteddestinationscanbemuchmoreenjoyableandrewarding.〖答案〗16.F17.A18.D19.G20.E【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了可持续旅游，以及一些降低旅行者对环境的影响的具体方法。【16题详析】根据空前“Itsgoalistomeettheneedsofthetourismindustrywithoutharmingnaturalandculturalenvironments.（其目标是在不损害自然和文化环境的情况下满足旅游业的需要。）”介绍了可持续旅游及其目标，以及空后“Herearesomeconcretewaystoreduceyourenvironmentalimpactasatraveler.（这里有一些具体的方法来减少你的旅行对环境的影响。）”建议了一些具体方法来降低旅游对环境的影响。F项“（如果管理不当，旅游业可能会产生令人难以置信的负面影响。）”对开展可持续旅游的原因进行了解释（即“为什么”），承接了上文的“是什么”，同时开启了下文的“怎么做”。故选F。【17题详析】空处应填入本段的中心句。根据空后“Traveldoesn’thavetobeaboutgoingsomewherefaraway.It’stheartofexploration,discoveryandgettingoutofyourcomfortzone,allofwhichcanjustaswellbenearby.（旅行并不一定要去很远的地方。这是一种探索、发现和走出舒适区的艺术，所有这些都可以近在咫尺。）”强调了旅游并不一定要去很远的地方，在附近探索和发现也可以。A项“Stayclosetohome.（待在家附近。）”符合语境。故选A。【18题详析】本段主旨是“Makegreenertransportationchoices.（选择更环保的交通方式。）”。根据空前“Afterwalking,publictransportationisthenextbestwaytoexplorenewdestinations.（除了步行，公共交通是探索新目的地的第二佳方式。）”提到公共交通是仅次于步行的探索新目的地的最佳方式。D项“Notonlyisitbetterfortheenvironment,butit’scheaperaswell.（它不仅对环境更好，而且更便宜。）”分析了公共交通的好处，解释了为什么要选择公共交通工具，承接上文，符合语境。选项中的it指代的是上文的publictransportation。故选D。【19题详析】本段主旨是“Avoidover-visiteddestinations.（避免去游客过多的目的地。）”。空处位于段尾，应总结本段内容，再次点明主旨。分析选项可知，G项“Visitingless-visiteddestinationscanbemuchmoreenjoyableandrewarding.（去探访较少有人去的目的地可能更加令人愉悦和有益。）”总结了本段的内容，符合语境。“Visitingless-visiteddestinations”是对本段关键信息“over-visiteddestinations”的反义转述。故选G。【20题详析】根据空前“Takeanature-relatedtrip.Ifyouwanttobetterunderstandandappreciatethenaturalworld,trytakingatripwiththesinglepurposeofconnectingwithnature.（来一次与大自然有关的旅行。如果你想更好地了解和欣赏自然世界，试着带着与自然联系的唯一目的去旅行。）”可知上文强调，通过“与自然亲近”的旅游，人们可以更好地理解和欣赏自然界。E项中的“Getintouchwiththeworld”指的就是亲近自然，是“connectingwithnature”的同义表达。同时，选项中的“sittingathome”也和下文中的“comehome”形成呼应。故选E。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。LastFriday,Iheadedtoworkonacrowdedsubway.Eyesgluedtomy___21___,IsurfedtheInternet.Asthedoorsclosed,Iheardtheoverheadvoice.Igenerally___22___therepeatedannouncements.Butthisonewas___23___.“Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.Itwassuchanicevoice,withsuchanice___24___,thatIlookedup,catchingtheeyeofafellow___25___.“PaddingtonStationwillbeyournextstop,yourfirstopportunitytochangeforthetwoorthreetrains.It’sanewday,anewyear,andatimeforsecondchances.Please___26___yourstepsasyouleavethetrain!”Ismiled,andthewomanwhoseeyesI’dcaughtsmiled,too.We___27___.Thenwedidthethingthatnobodyeverdoesonasubway—we___28___toeachother.Otherpassengerssmiled,too.OursmileslastedasthetrainreachedPaddingtonStation.Together,we___29___totheverytrainthatwemighthavetheopportunityto___30___inlimitedtime.Onthistrain,Ifeltrelievedandsmiled.ThenIgotoffatmystopandstartedmyday.Ifeltsogoodintheoffice.Thatnicefeeling___31___allday.Whathappened?Coulditbethatanunusually___32___announcementandsmalltalkswitha___33___changedmymood?Yes,Ibelievedso.MaybeIenjoyedthesmile,thelaugh,andthe___34___philosophy.Irealizedthatjustsaying“hello”mightmakeyoufeelunexpectedlygood.It’sthe___35___,though,thatmakesmefeelmostimportant.21.A.seat B.phone C.book D.exit22.A.forget B.doubt C.mistake D.ignore23.A.different B.similar C.terrible D.funny24.A.greet B.sense C.tone D.note25.A.director B.passenger C.worker D.guide26.A.takeout B.speedup C.arrangefor D.watchoutfor27.A.laughed B.stopped C.refused D.wondered28.A.referred B.objected C.spoke D.turned29.A.walked B.rushed C.moved D.headed30.A.miss B.repair C.control D.catch31.A.ended B.began C.lasted D.changed32.A.optimistic B.meaningful C.amusing D.powerful33.A.friend B.colleague C.stranger D.broadcaster34.A.irregular B.improper C.illogical D.unexpected35.A.transportation B.connection C.direction D.invitation〖答案〗21.B22.D23.A24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.C32.A33.C34.D35.B【语篇解读】本文是记叙文。叙述了作者在地铁上的一次经历，包括听到的播报、与陌生人的交流以及这些经历对作者心情的影响。【21题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我目不转睛地盯着手机上网。A.seat座位；B.phone手机；C.book书；D.exit出口。根据后文“IsurfedtheInternet”可知，选项中能上网的是手机。故选B项。【22题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我通常会忽略重复的通知。A.forget忘记；B.doubt怀疑；C.mistake弄错；D.ignore忽视。根据后文“therepeatedannouncements”结合实际可知，一般人坐地跌都会忽略重复的通知。故选D项。【23题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这次不一样。A.different不同的；B.similar相似的；C.terrible可怕的；D.funny有趣的。根据后文““Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.Itwassuchanicevoice,withsuchanice,thatIlookedup”可知，本次声音很好听，充满活力，所以是不同的。故选A项。【24题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那声音很悦耳，语调很好听，我抬起头来，引起了一位乘客的注意。A.greet问候；B.sense感觉；C.tone音调；D.note笔记。根据前文““Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.Itwassuchanicevoice,withsuchanice”可知，作者觉得这个声音充满活力，很悦耳，语调也很好。故选C项。【25题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那声音很悦耳，语调很好听，我抬起头来，引起了一位乘客的注意。A.director导演；B.passenger乘客；C.worker工人；D.guide导游。根据后文“Ismiled,andthewomanwhoseeyesI’dcaughtsmiled,too.”可知，是引起了一位女士的注意，也就是乘客。故选B项。【26题详析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：下火车时请小心脚下！A.takeout取出；B.speedup加速；C.arrangefor安排；D.watchoutfor当心。根据后文“yourstepsasyouleavethetrain!”结合实际可知，此处应是广播提醒下火车时请小心脚下。故选D项。【27题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们大笑起来。A.laughed笑；B.stopped停止；C.refused拒绝；D.wondered想知道。根据前文“Ismiled,andthewomanwhoseeyesI’dcaughtsmiled,too.”可知，作者和女士笑了。故选A项。【28题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我们做了一件在地铁上从来没有人做过的事——我们互相说话。A.referred提到；B.objected反对；C.spoke说话；D.turned转向。根据前文“Thenwedidthethingthatnobodyeverdoesonasubway”结合实际可知，一件在地铁上从来没有人做过的事，就是和陌生人互相说话。故选C项。【29题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一起冲向那辆地铁，以便在有限的时间内有机会赶上车。A.walked走；B.rushed冲；C.moved移动；D.headed前往。根据后文“trainthatwemighthavetheopportunitytoinlimitedtime.”可知，作者要在有限的时间赶上车，所以应是冲向那辆地铁。故选B项。【30题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一起冲向那辆地铁，以便在有限的时间内有机会赶上车。A.miss错过；B.repair修理；C.control控制；D.catch赶上。根据前文“Together,wetotheverytrain”可知，作者冲向地铁，是为了能赶上车。故选D项。【31题详析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那种美好的感觉持续了一整天。A.ended结束；B.began开始；C.lasted持续；D.changed改变。根据后文“allday”结合选项可知，应是“持续了一整天”符合语境。故选C项。【32题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：难道是一个异常乐观的广播和与陌生人的简短交谈改变了我的情绪吗？A.optimistic乐观的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.amusing不可思议的；D.powerful强大的。根据前文““Goodmorning,”saidanenergeticvoice.”可知，广播声充满活力，所以是乐观的。故选A项。【33题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：难道是一个异常乐观的广播和与陌生人的简短交谈改变了我的情绪吗？A.friend朋友；B.colleague同事；C.stranger陌生人；D.broadcaster广播员。根据前文“Thenwedidthethingthatnobodyeverdoesonasubway—wetoeachother.”可知，作者和地铁上的陌生人交谈。故选C项。【34题详析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也许我喜欢那种微笑，那种大笑，以及那种意想不到的哲学。A.irregular不规则的；B.improper不适当的；C.illogical不合逻辑的；D.unexpected出乎意料的。根据后文“Irealizedthatjustsaying“hello”mightmakeyoufeelunexpectedlygood.”可知是意想不到的哲学。故选D项。【35题详析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，让我觉得最重要的是这种联系。A.transportation交通；B.connection连接、联系；C.direction方向；D.invitation邀请。根据前文“Irealizedthatjustsaying“hello”mightmakeyoufeelunexpectedlygood.”可知，说声“你好”可能会让你感觉出乎意料的好，是一种联系。故选B项。第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Anexhibitiontitled“LearnfromthePastandKnowtheFuture:China’sArchaeological(考古学的)Achievementsinth