高考英语第一轮语法专攻复习课件

高中英语主要句型56一、以形式主语it引导的句型。句型1Itsohappened(chanced)that+clausesb.happened/chancedtodosthsb.didsth.bychance.如:?IthappenedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere.当我到那儿时,碰巧他不在。=HehappenedtobeoutwhenIgotthere.ItchancedthathewasoutwhenIgotthereHewasoutbychancewhenIgotthere?句型2?Itseemsthatsb.do/bedoing/havedone/haddoneSb.seemstodo/tobedoing/tohavedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone(还有动词appear等可这样使用)如:ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.他好象以前去过北京。=HeseemedtohavebeentoBeijingbefore句型3Itis/was+被强调的部分+thatwho+剩余的部分.如:?Itwasn'tuntilhecamebackthatIwenttobed.直到他回来我才睡觉。一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschooltoday.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。(只能用because而不能用for,as或since)?ItisIwhoamastudent.我确实是个学生。(句中am不能用are来代替。)句型4?Itishightimetime/abouttime+that主语+did/shoulddo+其它。从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。如:?Itishightimethatweshouldgo/wenthome.我们该回家了。句型5?Itis/wassaidreported,thought,believed,supposed…+that+从句.如:?Itwassaidthathehadreadthisnovel.据说他读过这篇小说。=Hewassaidtohavereadthisnovel句型6?Itisimpossible/necessary/strange…thatclause.从句中的谓语用should+do/shouldhavedone,其形式是虚拟语气。如:?Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedinthisexam.真奇怪,他这次考试没有及格。句型7?Itis+apity/ashame…thatclause.注意从句中的谓语动词用shoulddo或shouldhavedone的形式,但should可以省略。如:?Hedidn'tcomebackuntilthefilmended.Itwasapitythatheshouldhavemissedthisfilm.他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。?句型8?Itissuggested/ordered/commanded/…that+clause.从句的谓语动词用shoulddo,但should可以省略。如:?Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.有人建议推迟会议。句型9?Itis/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句。)如:?ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.请比较:ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.后一句是强调句型。?句型10?Itis/was+表示时间的名词+when+从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句。)如:?Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.请比较:Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates句型9?Itis/was+表示地点的名词+where+从句。(注意本句不是强调句型,而是以where引导的定语从句。)如:?ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.请比较:ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.后一句是强调句型。?句型10?Itis/was+表示时间的名词+when+从句。(注意本句型也不是强调句型,而是以when引导的定语从句。)如:?Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.请比较:Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates句型11?Itiswell-knownthat+从句。如:?Itiswell-knownthatsheisalearnedwoman.众所周知,她是个知识渊博的妇女。?句型12?Itis+段时间+since+主语+did.请比较:?Itwas+段时间+since+主语+haddone.如:?Itisfiveyearssincehelefthere.他已经离开这儿五年了。?Itwasfiveyearssincehelefthere.(同上)注意下列句型的翻译:Itisfiveyearssincehelivedhere.他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。句型13?It+谓语+段时间+before+主语+谓语.(before引导的是时间状语从句。)如:?Itwasn'tlongbeforethepeopleinthatcountryroseup.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。?Itwillbethreehoursbeforehecomesback.三个小时之后他才能回来。?句型14?Itis+形容词possible,impossible,necessary等+for+sb.+todo.如:?Itisimpossibleformetofinishthisworkbeforetomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。?句型15?Itis+(心理品质方面的)形容词+of+sb.+todo.主语+be+形容词+todo.常用的形容词有:kind,stupid;foolish,good,wise等。如:?Itiskindofyoutohelpme.=Youarekindtohelpme.你真好给我提供了帮助。二、定语从句:?句型16?由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:?Aswehaveknown,heisamostgoodstudent.众所周知,他是个很好的学生。请比较:Itiswell-knownthatheisamostgoodstudent.(前一个是定语从句,而后者是个主语从句。)句型17?由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如:?Heisaprofessor,whichIhavebeenlookingforwardtobecoming.他是个教授,那是我一直盼望的职业。(因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词,因此引导词用which,而不用who。句型18?由where,when引导的定语从句(其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。)如:?ThisisthehousewhereIusedtocome.请比较:Thisisthehousewhich/thatIusedtocometoThisisthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.请比较:Thisisthedaywhich/thatIjoinedthePartyon(说明:关于that与which之间的区别,请看关系代词that和which的区别。)三、让步状语从句?句型19?Nomatterwhat/which/who/where/when/whose+从句,+主句.注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态。如:?Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.请比较:Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.无论你做什么,一定要做好。?Nomatterwhereyougo,pleaseletmeknow.请比较:Whereveryougo,pleaseletmeknow.你无论去哪儿,请通知我。?(说明:这两种句型形式不同,而意义完全相同。)?(注意:Iwilltellwhoeverwouldliketoreadit.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语,又作后面从句的主语。)四、条件状语从句?句型20?When/Solongas/Aslongas/Once+从句,+主句。(从句也可以放在主句之后。)如:?Aslongasyougivemeanymoney,Iwillletyougo.只要你给我一些钱,我就让你走。?OnceyouhavebeguntolearnEnglish,youshouldlearnitwell.一旦你开始学习英语,你应该把它学好。?句型21?主句+onconditionthat+从句.如:?Iwillgowithyouonconditionthatyougivemeasumofmoney.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。?句型22?主句+unless+从句.注意:由于unless本身是否定词,所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。如:?Iwillgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。句型23?祈使句,+and/andthen+主句。(注意:祈使句也可用一个名词短语。)如:?Useyourhead,andyouwillfindagoodidea.动脑筋想一想,你就会想出一个好主意。?Anotherword,andIwillbeatyou.你再说一句,我就揍你。?句型24?If+necessary/impossible/important等,+主句.注意:if与形容词之间的itis被省略。如:?Ifnecessary,Iwilldoit.如果有必要的话,我来做此事。五、原因状语从句?句型25?主句+incase+从句.(incase表示以免)如:?Iwilltakemyraincoatincaseitrains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。?句型26?主句+dueto/becauseof/owningto/+thefactthat+从句。如:?Hedidnotcometoschoolbecauseofthefactthathewasill.由于他有病了,所以没有来上学。六、时间状语从句?句型27?When/While/As+从句,+主句.如:?WhenIwasinthecountry,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforyou.当我在农村时,我常常给你打水。?句型28?主句+after/before+从句.如:?Theyhadn'tbeenmarriedfourmonthsbeforetheyweredevoiced.他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。?Wewenthomeafterwehadfinishedthework.我们做完此工作就回家了。?句型29?主语+肯定谓语+until+从句.请比较:主语+否定谓语+until+从句.如:?Iworkeduntilhecameback.我一直工作到他回来。?Ididn'tworkeduntilhecameback.他回来我才开始工作。句型30?Assoonas/Immediately/Directly/Instantly/Themoment/Theinstant/Theminute+从句,+主句.如:?MyfatherwentoutimmediatelyIgothome.我一到家,我父亲就出去了。?句型31?Nosooner+had+主语+done…than+主语+did.请比较:主语+had+nosooner+done…than+主语+did.如:?NosoonerhadIgottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.我一到北京就给你打电话了。请比较:IhadnosoonergottoBeijingthanIcalledyou句型32?Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+had+主语+done…when/before+主语+did.请比较:主语+had+hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+done…when/before+主语+didHardlyhadshehadsupperwhenshewentout.她一吃完晚饭就出去了。请比较:Shehadhardlyhadsupperwhenshewentout句型33?Bythetime+从句,+主句.(注意时态的变化。)如:?Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.到你回来时,我已经写完了这本书。?Bythetimeyoucomeback,Iwillhavefinishedthisbook.到你回来时,我将写完这本书了。?句型34?each/everytime+从句,+主句.这时相当于whenever或nomatterwhen引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。如:?EachtimehecomestoHarbin,healwaysdropsinonme.每当他来哈尔滨,总是顺便来看看我。七、地点状语从句?句型35?Where+从句,+主句.如:?Wherethereisnorain,farmingisdifficultorimpossible.哪里没有雨水,种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。?句型36、Anywhere/Wherever+从句,+主句.如:?AnywhereIgo,mywifegoestoo.无论我去哪儿,我的妻子也去哪儿。请比较:?Iwillgowhereveryousuggest.你建议我去哪儿,我就去哪儿。八、目的状语从句?句型37?主句+inorderthat/sothat+从句.如:?IgotupearlyinorderthatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.我起得很早,以便能赶上早班车。?句型38?主句+for+sb.+todo.(注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。)如:?Hecamehereformetoworkoutthisproblem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。九、结果状语从句?句型39?主句+sothat+从句.如:?Itwasverycold,sothattheriverfroze.天气很泠,因此河水结冰了。?句型40?So+形容词/副词+特定动词助动词或系动词+主语+…+that+从句SointerestingisthisbookthatIwouldliketoreaditagain.这本书那么有趣,我想再读一遍。?句型41?主语+谓语+such+名词+that+从句.如:?Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathewaspraisedbytheteacher.他进步很快,老师表扬了他句型42?Suchwas+主语+that+从句.这是个完全倒装句。如:?Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.爆炸力这么大,所有的窗户都被震碎了。句型43?主句+only+todosth.only和动词不定式一起做结果状语如:Iwokeupverylateonlytofindthatmywifehadgonetowork.我醒得很晚,结果发现我的妻子已经上班了。十、比较状语从句?句型44?The+形容词比较级……,(主句)the+形容词比较级+……如:?Thesooneryoudoit,thebetteritwillbe.越早越好。?句型45?主语+谓语+as+