高三英语语法填空考点分析与真题演练

语法考点分析与真题演练一、冠词：一、考点分析冠词在广东四年新高考中考了三年，可见冠词是一个常考点。主要考点有：定冠词the表示特指。（2010年广东卷）Ayoungman,whiletravellingthroughadesert,cameacrossaspringofclearwater._31__waterwassweet.(the)【解析】特指前面提到的clearwater。【总结】1、_______+名词（单数或复数、可数或不可数）（表特指）2、_______+（定语）+名词+of等介词短语（表特指）3、_______+（定语）+名词+定语从句（表特指）4、_______+（定语）+名词+不定式短语或分词短语（表特指）不定冠词a/an泛指“一个（次，本，座，……）”。（2009年广东卷）Besides,shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot33_pleasantexperience:peoplesteppedonyourfeetorpushedyouwiththeirelbows(肘部),hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.(a)【解析】意思是“一次”愉快的经历。表示“一次”，用不定冠词，又因pleasant以辅音开头，故填a。（2007年广东卷）……theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto_35__smalltownsome20kilometresawaywheretherewasagarage.(a)【解析】意思是将车拉到离那里大约有20公里远的“一个小镇”。表示“一个”，用不定冠词。【总结】1、_______+可数名词单数（表泛指）2、_______+adj+可数名词单数（表泛指）二、真题演练：请用适当的词填空。1.Firstimpressionarethemostlasting.Afterall,youneverget______secondchancetomake______firstimpression.(2010北京卷)2.It’s_______goodfeelingforpeopletoadmiretheShanghaiWorldExpothatgiventhempleasure.(2010福建卷)3.Thevisitorsherearegreatlyimpressedbythefactthatpeoplefromallwalksoflifeareworkinghardfor______newJiangsu.(2010江苏卷)4.Thereareover58,000rockyobjectsinspace,about900ofwhichcouldfalldownonto_____earth.(2010辽宁卷)5.Ifwesitnear_______frontofthebus,we’llhave_______betterview.(2010山东卷)6.Everythingcomeswith____price;thereisnosuchthingasfreelunchintheworld.(2010重庆卷)7.Inmostcountries,auniversitydegreecangiveyou______flyingstartinlife.(2010四川卷)8.Ittookusquitealongtimetogettotheamusementpark.Itwas______three-hourjourney.(2010上海卷)【Itwas______eight-hourjourney.】9.Wecanneverexpect_____bluerskyunlesswecreate___lesspollutedworld.(2009安徽卷)10.Thisareaexperienced______heaviestrainfallin_____monthofMay.(2009辽宁卷)(Key:1.a;the2.a3.a4.the5.the;a6.a7.a8.a9.a;a10.the;the)二、It的用法与强调结构:一、考点分析在最近三年的高考中,每年都考查了it的用法。考点为：1、替代前文已提到的内容。（2010年广东卷）Apparently,itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleather.Heaskedhisteacher,“Sir,thewaterwasawful.Whydidyoupretendtolike38?”(it)[解析]指前面提到的“水（thewater）”。（2008年广东卷）Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960-1279)wasveryanxioustohelphisricecropgrowupquickly.Hewasthinkingabout34dayandnight.Butthecropwasgrowingmuchslowerthanheexpected.(it)[解析]代替前文中的(how)tohelphiscropgrowupquickly。2、作形式主语或形式宾语。(2009年广东卷)Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore.Sherememberedhowdifficult______wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather.(it)[解析]在宾语从句中作形式主语，真正的主语是tochoose……。此外，谈到it的用法，我们自然会想到含it的强调结构，尽管在这四年广东高考中尚未考查到，但我们不可忽视，这是一个重要的潜在考点。【总结】（1）根据本句句意和空格前一句的内容及其两句间的逻辑关系，判断空格处是不是需要填代替前文某个内容的代词it。（2）根据句式判断是不是填作形式主语或形式宾语的it。如：1)itisadj/n+todo/doing/that……(eg:1)ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.2)我们学好英语很重要。ItisimportantforustolearnEnglishwell./ItisimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.3)Itisourdutytohelpothers4)Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.5)【2009年广东】2)……find/feel/think/considerit+adj/n+todo/doing/that……(eg:1)WefinditimportanttolearnEnglishwell.2)WefinditimportantthatwelearnEnglishwell.3)Wefinditourdutytohelpothers4)Wefinditnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.)3）Itis/wassaid/reported/believedthat……(3)强调句：Itis/was+被强调内容+that+句子其他成分。二、真题演练：请用适当的词或所给词的适当形式填空。1.Thefactthatshewasforeignmade____difficultforhertogetajobinthatcountry.(2010辽宁卷)2.Thedoctorthought______wouldbegoodforyoutohaveaholiday.(2010全国卷)3.Ilikethishousewithabeautifulgardeninfront,butIdon’thaveenoughmoneytobuy______.(2009四川卷)4.Itisoften________(say)thathumanbeingsarenaturallyequippedtospeak.(2009全国II)5.Itwasfromonlyafewsuppliesthatshehadboughtinthevillage_______thehostesscookedsuchanicedinner.(2010安徽卷)6.John’ssuccesshasnothingtodowithgoodluck.Itisyearsofhardwork_______hasmadehimwhatheistoday.(2010湖南卷)7._______wasnotuntilhecamebackfromAfricathatyearthathemetthegirlhewouldliketomarry.(2009江西卷)8.-----I’vereadanotherbookthisweek.-----Well,maybe_______isnothowmuchyoureadbutwhatyoureadthatcounts.(2009浙江卷)(Key:1.it2.it3.it4.said5.that6.that7.It8.it)三、代词：一、考点分析代词在广东四年新高考中，年年都考，四年考了五个小题，可见这是必考点，我们复习备考时必须给予重视。近四年来的考点有：1、不定代词。（2010年广东卷）Afterthestudentleft,theteacherlet__36__studenttastethewater.(another)【解析】在给老师送水的这个学生离开后，应是给他的“另一个”学生尝一尝，泛指若干个中的“另一个”，用another。（2007年广东卷）Ihadnoticedthreehensrunningfreeinmyhostess’scourtyardandthatnightoneofthemendedupinadishonmytable.__37__villagersbroughtmegoat’scheeseandhoney.(Others/Some)【解析】拿goat’scheeseandhoney来给我的应是“其他的”村民或者“有一些”村民。2、人称代词。（2009广东卷）Shedidnothesitateforlong:althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile,sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease__38_.(him)【解析】她给父亲买礼物，根据常识其目的应是“使她的父亲高兴(pleaseherfather)”，替代herfather，在句中作宾语，用人称代词的宾格，故填him。（2007年广东卷）Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,IwantedtorewardtheoldwomanforthetroubleIhadcaused__40_.(her)【解析】因（that）Ihadcaused……是定语从句，先行词是trouble，代表先行词trouble的关系代词that在从句中作宾语，被省略了；由搭配causesb.trouble(给某人造成麻烦)可知，填her，指代theoldwoman。3、物主代词。（2008年广东卷）Itissaidthatashort-temperedmanintheSongDynasty(960–1279)wasveryanxioustohelp__40_ricecropgrowupquickly.(his)【解析】由文中的hiscrop,thecrop等可知，名词crop前填限定词；这个急性子人当然是急于使“他的”禾苗长得快，故填his。此外，反身代词，替代词that、one，表示两者或多者的代词all、both、either、neither，复合不定代词something、nothing等在广东高考中虽然还没有考查到，但我们在复习高考中仍需重视。【总结】因句子的主语或宾语主要由名词、代词、动名词或不定式等充当，而名词、动名词或不定式等实词通常会放在有提示词的空格中考查，所以纯空格所填词在句中作主语或宾语时，通常填代词，包括人称代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词性物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词（不能作主语）等。在名词前作定语就只能用形容词性物主代词。二、真题演练：请用适当的词填空。1.ThecostofrentingahouseincentralXi’anishigherthat______inanyotherareaofthecity.(2010陕西卷)2.Youareateamstar!Workingwith______isreallyyourcupoftea.(2010安徽卷)3.WhenyouintroducemetoMr.Johnson,couldyoupleasesay_____forme?(2010福建卷)4.Swimmingismyfavoritesport.Thereis______likeswimmingasameansofkeepingfit.(2010江西卷)5.I’llspendhalfofmyholidaypracticingEnglishandthe____halflearningdrawing.(2010全国卷)6.Neithersideispreparedtotalktothe_______unlesswecansmooththingoverbetweenthem.(2010全国卷II)7.Helpingothersisahabit,______youcanlearnevenatanearlyage.(2010山东卷)8.______inmylifeimpressedmesodeeplyasmyfirstvisittothePalace9.______that’simportantisthatyouaredoingyourbestandmovingintherightdirection.(2010浙江卷)10.Hehadlosthistemperandhishealthinthewarandneverfound______ofthemagain.(2010重庆卷)11.Onmydeskisaphotothatmyfathertookof______whenIwasababy.(2010四川卷)12.Ifourparentsdoeverythingforuschildren,wewon’tlearntodependon______.(2010上海卷)13.---Wow!You’vegotsomanyclothes.---But_____ofthemareinfashionnow.(2009上海卷)14.Oneofthemostimportantquestionstheyhadtoconsiderwas___ofpublichealth.(2009全国II)15.IfeltsobadalldayyesterdaythatIdecidedthismorningIcouldn’tface______daylikethat.(2009山东卷)16.Janewasaskedalotofquestions,butshedidn’tanswer______ofthem.(2009陕西卷)(Key:1.that2.others3.something4.nothing5.other6.other7.one8.Nothing9.All10.either11.me12.ourselves13.none14.that15.another16.any)四、介词：一、考点分析在广东四年新高考中，共考了7个小题，是一个必考点，且在语法项目中所占比例最重。主要考点有：常用的简单介词。（2010年广东卷）Theyoungmanwenthome______ahappyheart.(with)【解析】表示“带着”愉快的心情，此介词短语做状语，修饰谓语wenthome.（2008年广东卷）ChineseproverbsarerichandtheyarestillwidelyusedinChinesepeople’sdailylife._____theseproverbsthereareofteninterestingstories.(Behind/In)【解析】指“在这些成语的背后”或“在这些成语里”常常会有一些有趣的故事，表示“在……的背后”，用介词behind；表示“在……里”，用in。（2008年广东卷）Hewasverytired_______doingthisforawholeday,……(after/from)【解析】因“他感到很累”应是“在他做了一整天事之后，”表示“在……之后”，用介词after；另外betiredfromdoing是固定短语，表示“因做某事而累”，所以也可填from。（2007年广东卷）Irealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingastowhoshouldhavethehonourofreceivingme______aguestintheirhouse.(as)【解析】意思是“把我当作客人”来接待，表示“当作，作为”，用介词as。固定短语或句式搭配中的介词。（2009年广东卷）Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered.Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes__37__sale.(on)【解析】固定搭配onsale，表示“出售”。（2009年广东卷）WhenJanegothome,withhersmallbutwell-chosenpresentinherbag,herparentswerealready__39__tablehavingsupper.(at)【解析】名词（table）在句中不作主语，也不作动词的宾语，很可能就是作介词的宾语；由havingsupper可知，填at；因为attable表示“在餐桌边，在进餐”，也是习惯搭配。（2007年广东卷）Whenthetimecameformetosaygoodbyetomyfriendsinthevillage,Iwantedtorewardtheoldwoman__39__thetroubleIhadcausedher.(for)【解析】表示“因……而酬谢/报答某人”是rewardsbforsht，类似的表达还有thanksbforsth;praisesbforsth：因……表扬某人；punishsbforsth：因……惩罚某人等【总结】当“______+（限定词）+名词”或“_____+代词”在句中不充当主语或宾语时，该空格通常应填介词。此外，填介词时，除了考虑与其后名词的搭配外，也要考虑与前面的动词、形容词的搭配。二、真题演练：请用适当的词填空。1.Wouldyoumindnotpickingtheflowersinthegarden?Theyare_____everyone’senjoyment.(2010北京卷)2.Wegivedogstime,spaceandlovewecanspare,and_____return,dogsgiveustheirall.(2010江西卷)3.Iagreetohissuggestion_____theconditionthathedropsallcharges.4.Myfatherwarnedme_____goingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowedwithtourists.(2010天津卷)5.ThedictionaryiswhatIwant,butIdon’thaveenoughmoney______me.(2010重庆卷)6.Tired,Jimwasfastasleepwithhisback_____abigtree.(2010四川卷)7.Seanhasformedthehabitofjogging_____thetree-linedavenuefortwohourseverydays.(2010上海卷)8.---Howamazingitisthatastronautsareexploringouterspace!---It’sachallenge,Iguess,______managainstnature.(2009福建卷)9.Theartshowwasfar______beingafailure;itwasagreatsuccess.(2009天津卷)10.MostAmericanswouldprefertokeeptheirproblems______themselves,andsolvetheirproblems_______themselves.(2009湖南卷)11.Agreatpersonisalwaysputtingothers’interests_____hisown.(2009四川卷)12.Everybodywastouched______wordsaftertheyheardhermovingstory.(2009全国卷)13.Thewineindustryintheareahasdevelopedinaspecialway,_____littleforeignownership.(2009北京卷)14.Itsavestimeinthekitchentohavethingsyouusealot_____easyreach.(2009山东卷)15.Heinvitedmetoadanceaftertheshow______ChristmasEve.(2009陕西卷)16.Tryonthisredskirt;youwilllookgreat_____it.(2009重庆卷)17.Childrenneedfriends______theirownagetoplaywith.(2009辽宁卷)(Key:1.for2.in3.on4.against5.with6.against7.along8.of9.from10.to;by11.above12.beyond13.with14.within15.on16.in17.of)五、形容词与副词：一、考点分析在广东新高考中，有三年考查了形容词和副词的用法，是一个常考点。主要考查了：1、形容词的句法作用。形容词在句中主要作主语、表语和宾语补足语。（2008年广东卷）Thisproverbissayingwehavetoletthingsgointheir39(nature)course.(natural)【解析】在名词course前作定语，用形容词。2、副词的句法作用。副词在句中修饰动词、形容词或另一副词，作状语。（2010年广东卷）Histeachertookadeepdrink,smiled34(warm),andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater.(warmly)【解析】修饰动词smiled，作状语，用副词形式。（2007年广东卷）Wedranktogetherandtalked38(merry)tillfarintothenight.(merrily)【解析】修饰动词talked作状语，应用副词merrily。形容词和副词的比较等级。(2010年广东卷)Theteacherreplied,“Youtastedthewater.Itastedthegift.Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove.Nothingcouldbe39(sweet).”(sweeter)【解析】意思是“什么也不会比这更甜”即“这是世界上最甜的东西”。（2008年广东卷）Hewasverytired37afterdoingthisforawholeday,yethefeltveryhappysincethecropdid“grow”38(high).(higher)【解析】指比他pickupafewinches之前“长”得“更高”了，这是省略了thanbefore的隐性比较级。【解题技巧】：一般说来,有表示范围的in/of介词短语,一般要用最高级;than的前面一定要用比较级,但在特定语境中,“than+比较对象”和在最后级中表示比较范围的of/in短语常常被省略，此时我们要注意辨别这种隐性的比较级和最高级。二、真题演练：请用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurely_______(person)viewofhowwecanlivelifetothefullandmakesomesuggestionsaboutthefuture.(2010湖北卷)2.Computersandmobilephones,thoughtheyareindeedmakingourlife______(ease)andmore___________(efficiency),havereducedtheneedforface-to-faceconversations.(2010江西卷)3.---Volunteeringisbecoming________(increase)popularinChina.---Yeah,peoplearenowawarethathelpingothersishelpingthemselves.(2010福建卷)4.Theislandis_______(equal)attractiveinspringandautumnbecauseofthepleasantweatherinbothseasons.5.Doyouthinkshoppingonlinewill______(final)taketheplaceofshoppinginstores?(2010浙江卷)6.MrBlackisveryhappybecausetheclothesmadeinhisfactoryhaveneverbeen________popular.7.Frankputthemedicineinthetopdrawertomakesureitwouldnotbe________(access)tothekids.(2009江西卷)8.---Doyouthinkit’sagoodideatomakefriendswithyourstudents?---________(actual),Ido.Ithinkit’sagreatidea.(2009安徽卷)9.Thechildrenlovedtheirdaytrip,andtheyenjoyedthehouseride_______(much).(2009全国II)10.Johnisvery_______(rely)—ifhepromisestodosomethinghe’lldoit.(2009浙江卷)(Key:1.personal2.easier;efficient3.increasingly4.equally5.finally6.more7.accessible8.Actually9.most10.reliable)六、动词的时态语态：一、考点分析谓语动词的时态语态在广东高考中是每年必考点，我们必须重视。虽然考试说明中列了十种时态，但常考的只是一般现在时和一般过去时。请看近四年的高考英语广东卷：一般现在时。（主动：do/does；波动：is/am/aredone）（2008年广东卷）Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelopoften40(result)inthecontrarytoourintention.(results)【解析】句中Beingtooanxioustohelpaneventdevelop是动名词短语作主语，result应是谓语动词，应当考虑的是它的时态；“急于求成，往往会事与愿违”是客观真理，应当用一般现在时；动名词作主语，谓语用第三人称单数形式，故填results。2、一般过去时。（主动：did；波动：was/weredone）(2010年广东卷)Afterafour-dayjourney,theyoungman33(present)thewatertotheoldman.(presented)【解析】句中theyoungman是主语，其后的present应是谓语动词，由语境可知，用一般过去时。（2009年广东卷）……peoplesteppedonyourfeetor34(push)youwiththeirelbows（肘部）,hurryingaheadtogettoabargain.(pushed)【解析】与stepped并列，也用一般过去时。（2009年广东卷）Hermotherwasexcited.“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane40(inform)).(wasinformed)【解析】Jane是主语，其后的inform应是谓语动词；因Jane与inform是波动关系，又是一般过去时，故用一般过去时的被动语态。3、固定句式中的时态。（2007年广东卷）IwasonmywaytotheTaiyetosMountains.Thesunwassettingwhenmycar31(break)downneararemotevillage.(broke)【解析】在when后面的句子中，mycar是主语，break应为谓语动词；由全文可知这是叙述过去的经历，用一般过去时；再说was/weredoing……when……did……是一个固定句型，when后面的句子的谓语用一般过去时，表示“正在做某事，就在这个时候发生了另一事”。【总结】如果一个句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，就是填谓语动词，这时就要根据语境考虑语态和时态。二、真题演练：请用所给词的适当形式填空。1.---Iseveryonehere?---Notyet.Look,there_______(come)therestofourguests!(2010江苏卷)2.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho_______(wear)eveningdress.(2010全国卷II)3.Everyfewyears,thecoalworkers_______(have)theirlungsX-rayedtoensuretheirhealth.(2010上海卷)4.Thechurchtowerwhich_______(restore)willbeopentotouristssoon.Theworkisalmostfinished.(2010上海卷)5.Thebookhasbeentranslatedintothirtylanguagessinceit_______(come)onthemarketin1973.(2010重庆卷)6.Whenyouarehome,giveacalltoletmeknowyou________(arrive)safely.(2010全国卷I)7.Uptonow,theprogram________(save)thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied.(2010山东卷)8.Formanyyears,people_______(dream)ofelectriccars.However,makingthemhasbeenmoredifficultthanpredicted.(2010浙江卷)9.---Whenshallwerestartourbusiness?---Notuntilwe________(finish)ourplan.(2010四川卷)10.---I’mnotfinishedwithmydinneryet.---Butourfriends_______(wait)forus.(2010北京卷)11.Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeople________(sell)allkindsoffruitsandvegetables.IstudiedthepricescarefullyandboughtwhatIneeded.(2010湖南卷)12.---Wereyousurprisedbytheendingofthefilm?---No,I______(read)thebook,soIalreadyknewthestory.（2010安徽卷）13.IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey______(do)forme.(2010北京卷)14.Iwasjustgoingtocutmyrosebushesbutsomeone_______(do)it.Wasityou?(2010湖南卷)15.I’mtiredout.I________(shop)allafternoonandIdon’tseemtohavefinishedanything.(2010湖南卷)16.IhavetoseethedoctorbecauseI________(cough)alotlately.17.Thiscoastalarea________(name)anationalwildlifereservelastyear.(2010湖南卷)18.Linda,makesurethetables________(set)beforetheguestarrive.(2010全国卷)19.Thepalacecaughtfiresthreetimeinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding_______(remain)now.(2010重庆卷)20.You’vefailedtodowellwhatyou_______(expect)toandI’mafraidtheteacherwillblameyou.（2010四川卷）(Key:1.come2.wears3.have4.isbeingrestored5.came6.havearrived7.hassaved8.havedreamed9.havefinished10.arewaiting11.wereselling12.hadread13.haddone14.haddone15.havebeenshopping16.havebeencoughing17.wasnamed18.areset19.remains20.wereexpected.)七、动词的非谓语：一、考点分析非谓语动词在语法填空中，每年必考，且每年一个小题，但四年来，只涉及到非谓语动词的两种用法。1、作状语。（2010年广东卷）Hespititout,34(say)itwasawful.(saying)【解析】因句中已有谓语spit，此处又没有连词，say不是并列谓语，而是非谓语动词；又因he与say是主动关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。（2009年广东卷）Shewishedthathewasaseasy32(please)ashermother,whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume.(toplease)【解析】句中已有谓语waseasy,please应为非谓语动词；应在形容词后作状语，只能用动词不定式，故填toplease。（2008年广东卷）Forexample,theproverb,“pluckingupacrop32(help)itgrow”,isbasedonthefollowingstory.(tohelp)【解析】作目的状语，用动词不定式。2、作宾补。（2007年广东卷）Finally,Iacceptedtheofferofanoldpeasantwomanwholivedaloneinalittlehouse.Whileshewasgettingme=34(settle)intoatinybutcleanroom(settled)【解析】由settlesbinto/in/on……（使某人舒服地处于某处）可知，me与settle是被动关系，要用过去分词作宾补。又如：Anursesettledtheoldmanintoachair.护士让那位老人舒舒服服地坐在椅子上。虽然只考查了非谓语动词作状语和作宾语补足语，但在复习时，非谓语动词作定语、主意和宾语也不可忽视。【总结】如果一个句子已有谓语动词，且不是并列谓语动词时，所给动词要用非谓语形式，这时要根据句子所缺句子成分和非谓语动词的各自的用法特点，选择动词-ing形式、过去分词(done)或不定式(todo)。二、真题演练：请用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Thereweremanytalentedactorsouttherejustwaiting___________(discover).(2010江西卷)2.Wewereastonished________(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.(2010辽宁卷)3.WithFather’sDayaroundthecorner,Ihavetakensomemoneyoutofthebank_______(buy)presentsformydad.(2010全国卷I)4.Hisfirstbook________(punish)nextmonthisbasedonatruestory.(2010陕西卷)5.Ihavealotofreadings_________(complete)beforetheendofthisterm.(2010山东卷)6.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone_________(repair)firstisthelibrary.(2010重庆卷)7._____(approach)thecitycenter,wesawastonestatueofabout10metersinheight.(2010上海卷)8.Inmanypeople’sopinion,thatcompany,thoughrelativelysmall,ispleasant_______(deal)with.(2010四川卷)9.Thatistheonlywaywecanimagine________(reduce)theoveruseofwaterinstudents’bathrooms.(2010上海卷)10.Ihadgreatdifficulty______(find)thesuitablefoodonthemenuinthatrestaurant.(2010上海卷)11.I’mcallingtoenquireabouttheposition_________(advertise)inyesterday’sChinaDaily.(2010北京卷)12.Sofarnobodyhasclaimedthemoney________(discover)inthelibrary.(2010湖南卷)13.Alexandertriedtogethiswork_________(recognize)inthelibrary.(2010湖南卷)14.Mrs.Whileshowedherstudentssomeoldmaps______(borrow)fromthelibrary.(2010全国卷I)15.Though________(surprise)toseeus,theprofessorgaveusawarmwelcome.(2010全国卷II)16.____(see)fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.(2010陕西卷)17.Thelivingroomiscleanandtidy,withadiningtablealready_______(lay)foramealtobecooked.(2010山东卷)18.Theexperimentshowsthatproperamountsofexercise,if________(carry)outregularly,canimproveourhealth.(2010浙江卷)19.Agreatnumberofstudents_________(question)saidtheywereforcedtopracticethepiano.(2010四川卷)20.Lucyhasagreatsenseofhumorandalwayskeepshercolleagues_________(amuse)withherstories.(2010上海卷)21.Hehadawonderfulchildhood,________(travel)withhismothertoallcornersoftheworld.(2010安徽卷)22._________(look)atmyclassmates’faces,Ireadthesameexcitementintheireyes.(2010北京卷)23.Listen!Doyouhearsomeone________(call)forhelp?(2010湖南卷)24.Itrainedheavilyinthesouth,______(cause)seriousfloodinginseveralprovinces.(2010天津卷)25.Thetrafficrulessaysyoungchildrenundertheageoffourand________(weigh)lessthan40poundsmustbeinachildsafetyseat.(2010浙江卷)(Key:1.tobediscovered2.tofind3.tobuy4.tobepunished5.tocomplete6.toberepaired7.Approaching8.todeal9.toreduce10.(in)finding11.advertised12.discovered13.recognized14.borrowed15.surprised16.Seen17.laid18.carried19.questioned20.amused21.traveling22.Looking23.calling24.causing25.weighing)八、并列句与主从复合句（连接词）：一、考点分析主句与各类从句之间的连接词是每年必考，其中考得最多的事引导定语从句的关系副词(where)和关系代词（who），其次是引导名词性从句的连词（that）和连接代词（who）。连接并列分句的并列连词只考查了一个小题。具体的考点与考题如下：1、并列句。（2008年广东卷）He（主语）was（谓语）verytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday,37he（主语）felt（谓语）veryhappysincethecropdid“grow”higher.(but/yet)【解析】因veryhappy与前面的verytired是转折关系，而这两句之间是逗号且没有连词，故填连词but/yet。2、状语从句。（2010年广东卷）We（主语）understand（谓语）thislessonbest40we（主语）received（谓语）giftsoflovefromchildren.(when)【解析】引导状语从句，表示“当……时”。3、定语从句。（2010年广东卷）He（主语）filled（谓语）hisleathercontainersothathe（主语）couldbring（谓语）somebacktoanelder32（主语）hadbeen（谓语）histeacher.(who)【解析】引导定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是表示人的anelder,故填who。（2009年广东卷）Jane（主语）paused（谓语）infrontofacounter35someattractiveties（主语）were（谓语）ondisplay.(where)【解析】因两句之间没有连词，必定是填连词；后句是定语从句，要填的词在从句中作地点状语，故填关系副词where。(2007年广东卷)……theheadofthevillage（主语）wastying（谓语）uphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometersaway36therewas（谓语）agarage.(where)【解析】先行词是asmalltown，并在定语从句中作状语，用where(==inwhich）引导定语从句。注意：先行词与定语从句被some20lilometersaway隔开了。4、名词性从句。（2008年广东卷）Oneday,he（主语）cameupwith(谓语)anidea35he（主语）wouldpluckup（谓语）allofhiscropafewinches.Hedidsothenextday.(that)【解析】引导同位语从句，说明idea的具体内容；从句的结构和意义完整，用that引导。（2007年广东卷）……whenIrealizedthatthevillagerswhohadgatheredaroundmewerearguingasto32shouldhavethehonourofreceivingmeasaguestintheirhouse.(who)【解析】在介词to后应是宾语，不难判断作宾语的是一个宾语从句；引导宾语从句且在从句中作主语；又因为“有幸接待我”应是人，故填who。【总结】（1）连接两个功能对等的单词或短语时，应填并列连词and,or,but等。（2）若两个句子（有两个主谓结构）之间，没有句号或分号，也没有连词，空格处必定是填连接词，否则，句子结构就不完整。根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系，或者根据句式结构的需要，确定是并列句（多要求考生填and,but,while,when,or等）还是某种主从复合句。然后根据各类从句的特点，结合连接词的意义和用法，确定填具体的某个连词。二、真题演练：请用适当词空。1.Childrenwhoarenotactiveor________dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.(2010北京卷)2.StephenHawkingbelievesthattheearthisunlikelytobetheonlyplanet______lifehasdevelopedgradually.(2010福建卷)3.I’vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschool_______ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.(2010湖南卷)4.Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof______arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.(2010江苏卷)5.Thegirlarrangedtohavepianolessonsatthetrainingcentrewithhersister_____shewouldstayforanhour.(2010江西卷)6.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,_______isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(2010全国卷I)7.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_______wassomeoneelse’sfault.(2010全国卷II)8.That’sthenewmachine_______partsaretoosmalltobeseen.(2010山东卷)9.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof_______lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.(2010浙江卷)10.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,______turnedouttobeawisedecision.(2010四川卷)11.Iwanttobelikedandlovedfor_______Iaminside.(2010北京卷)12.PartofthereasonCharlesDickenslovedhisownnovel,DavidCopperfield,was______itwasrathercloselymodeledonhisownlife.(2010北京卷)13.______somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.(2010北京卷)14.Cindyshutthedoorheavilyandburstintotears.Nooneintheofficeknew_______shewassoangry.(2010湖南卷)15.---IpreferredshuttingmyselfinandlisteningtomusicalldayonSundays.---That’s_______Idon’tagree.Youshouldhaveamoreactivelife.(12010江苏卷)16.---Haveyoufinishedthebook?---No,I’vereadupto_______thechildrendiscoverthesecretcave.(2010全国卷II)17.Itneveroccurredtome_______youcouldsucceedinpersuadinghimtochangehismind.(2010陕西卷)18.Beforethesalesstart,Imakealistof_______mykidswillneedforthecomingseason.(2010山东卷)19.Howmuchoneenjoyshimselftravellingdependslargelyon_______hegoeswith,whetherhisfriendsorrelatives.(2010四川卷)20._______theydecidewhichcollegetogoto,studentsshouldresearchtheadmissionprocedures.(2010北京卷)21.Thegirlhadhardlyrungthebell______thedoorwasopenedsuddenly,andherfriendrushedouttogreether.(2010福建卷)22.TheoldmanaskedLucytomovetoanotherchair______hewantedtositnexttohiswife.(2010辽宁卷)23.Thelittleboywon’tgotosleep_______hismothertellshimastory.(2010全国卷I)24.Johnthinksitwon’tbelong______heisreadyforhisnewjob.(2010陕西卷)25.Tomwasabouttoclosethewindows_______hisattentionwascaughtbyabird.(2010全国卷II)26．---Iwonderedhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.---Thefirst