新高考英语一轮复习练习考向18 填空类试题命题点句式(原卷版)

考向18填空类试题命题点句式英语语法填空与完形填空常考句型1.as句型(1)as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……;正如……”例：As(itis)inyourcountry,wegrowwheatinthenorthandriceinthesouth.正如(像)你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。(2)as+形容词/副词原级+(a/an)+名词+as;否定式：notas/so---as例：Heisasgoodaplayerashissister.他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。(3)such+n.+astodo如此……以致于……例：Sheissuchafoolastobelievewhathesaid.她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。(4)so+adj./adv.+astodosth如此……以致于……例：Hewassostrongastocarrytheheavybox.他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。(5)such...as...象……之类的……(接名词或定语从句)例：HewishedtobesuchamanasLeiFengwas.他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。(6)thesame+名词+as和……一样的……(接名词或定语从句)例：Heisnotthesamemanasheusedtobe.他不是从前的那样子了。(7)as引导非限制性定语从句例：Asisknowntous,knowledgeispower.众所周知，知识就是力量。(8)引导时间状语从句，与while意义相近例：Wegetwiseraswegetolder.随着我们长大，我们也变得越来越聪明。(9)引导原因状语从句，与because的用法相近例：Asitwasgettingverylate,wesoonturnedback.因为越来越迟了，所以我们不久就回来了。(10)引导让步状语从句例：Childasheis,heknowsmuchaboutscience.尽管他是一个小孩，但他对科学了解得很多。2.prefer句型(1)prefertodosth例：Iprefertostayathome.我宁愿呆在家里。(2)preferdoingsth例：Ipreferplayingindefence.我喜欢打防守。(3)prefersbtodosth例：Wouldyouprefermetostay?你愿意我留下来吗?(4)prefertodosthratherthandosth…宁愿…...而不愿...例句：Iprefertostayathomeratherthangoout.我宁愿呆在家里而不愿出去.(5)preferdoingsthtodoingsth例：Ipreferwatchingfootballtoplayingit.我喜欢看篮球，不喜欢打篮球。(6)prefersthtosth例：Ipreferteatocoffee.我要茶不要咖啡。3.when句型(1)was/weredoingsth...when...例：Hewasstillsmilingwhenthedooropenedandhiswifecamein.他正笑着的时候门突然开了，他妻子走了进来。(2)was/wereabouttodosth...when...例：Wewereabouttostartwhenitbegantorain.我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。(3)hadjustdone...when...例：Ihadjustgonetobedafteraveryharddaywhenthephonerang.在劳累了一天之后我刚刚就寝，电话铃就响了。4.seem句型(1)It+seems+that从句例：Itseemedthateveryonewassatisfied.看来好像每个人都很满意。(2)Itseemstosbthat...例：Itseemstomethatsheisright.我看她是对的，(3)Thereseemstobe...例：Thereseemstobeaheavyrain.看上去要有一场大雨。(4)Itseemsasif...例：Itseemedthatshecouldn'tcometoclass.看样子她不能来上课了。5.表示“相差……;增加了……;增加到……”的句型(1)SheistallerthanIbythreeinches.她比我高三英寸(2)Thereisoneyearbetweenus.我们之间相差一岁。(3)SheisthreeyearsoldthanI.她比我大三岁。(4)Theyhaveincreasedthepriceby50%.他们把价格上涨了50%(5)Hissalaryhasrisedto10,000yuanpermonth.他的工资已经涨到了每月10,000元。6.what引导的名词性从句(1)what引导主语从句例：Whatsurprisedmeisthateverybodyseemedtobeveryindifferenttoher.让我吃惊的是每个人似乎对她都很冷淡。[indifferentadj.不关心的;冷漠的](2)what引导宾语从句例：Wecanlearnwhatwedonotknow.我们能学会我们不懂的东西。(3)what引导表语从句例：ThatiswhatIwant.那正是我所要的。(4)what引导同位语从句例：Ihavenoideawhattheyaretalkingabout.我不知道他们正在谈论什么。7.too句型(1)too...todo...例：Politicsistooimportanttobelefttothepoliticians.(=Politicsissoimportantthatitcan'tbelefttothepoliticians.)政治太重要了，不能由政治家来决定。(2)onlytoo...todo...例：Ishallbeonlytoopleasedtogethome.我要回到家里就非常高兴。(3)too+adj+forsth例：Theseshoesaremuchtoosmallforme.我穿这双鞋太小了。(4)too+adj+a+n.例：Thisistoodifficultatextforme.这篇课文对我来说太难了。(5)can't…too+形容词无论……也不为过例：Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。8.where句型(1)where引导的定语从句例：Thisisthehousewherehelivedlastyear.这就是他去年住过的房子。(2)where引导的状语从句例：Wherethereisawill，thereisaway.有志者事竟成。Helefthiskeywherehecouldfind.他将钥匙放在易找到的地方。IwillgowhereIwanttogo.我要去我想去的地方。(3)where引导的表语从句例：Thisiswhereyouarewrong.这正是你错的地方。9.wish句型(1)wishthatsbdidsth希望某人现在做某事例：IwishIwereasstrongasyou.我希望和你一样强壮。(2)wishthatsbhaddonesth希望某人过去做某事例：Iwishyouhadtoldmeearlier要是你早点告诉我就好了。(3)wishthatsbwould/coulddosth希望某人将来做某事例：Iwishyouwouldsucceedthistime.我希望你这次会成功。10.wouldrather句型(1)wouldratherdosththandosth宁愿做……而不愿做……例：Shewouldratherdiethanturnagainsthismotherland.她宁可死也不去背叛祖国。(2)wouldratherhavedonesth宁愿过去做过某事例：Iwouldratherhavetakenhisadvice.我宁愿过去接受他的意见。(3)wouldrathersbhaddonesth宁愿某人过去做过某事例：IwouldratherIhadpassedtheexaminationlastweek.我真希望通过上星期的考试。(4)wouldrathersbdidsth宁愿某人现在或将来做某事例：Whowouldyouratherwentwithyou?你宁愿谁和你一起去?11.before句型(1)beforesbcan/could…某人还没来得及……例：BeforeIcouldgetinaword，hehadmeasuredme.我还没来得及插话，他就给我量好了尺寸。(2)Itwillbe+时间+before+还有多长时间……例：Itwillbe4yearsbeforehegraduates.他还有四年时间变毕业了。(3)haddonesometimebefore(才……)例：Wehadsailedfourdaysandfournightsbeforewesawland.我们航行了四天四夜才见到陆地。(4)hadnotdone...before...不到……就……例：Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.我们还没走到一英里路就觉得累了。(5)Itwasnot+一段时间+before不多久就……例：Itwasn’ttwoyearsbeforeheleftthecountry.还没到两年他们离开了那国家。12.强调句型(1)Itis/was+被强调部分+that(who)...例：ItwasIwhowrotetomyuncleyesterday.是我昨天给我叔叔写信的。(2)Is/wasit+被强调部分+that(who)...例：Wasityourbrotherthatyoumetinthestreet?在街上你遇见的是你兄弟吗?(3)Where/who/what/how等特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat...例：Howisitthatyouwillgotovisithertomorrow?明天你究竟怎样去看望她?(4)do/does/did+谓语动词(强调谓语)例：Theydoknowtheplacewell.他们的确很熟悉那个地方。13.用于表示过去未实现的希望和计划的句型(1)wouldliketo/wouldlovetohavedonesth.例：Iwouldliketohavewrittentoyou.我本想给你写信的。(2)was/weregoingtodosth.(用过去将来时态表示原打算做什么)例：Lucywasgoingtowatchabasketballmatch.Lucy原打算看一场篮球比赛。【检测训练】一、完形填空1MynephewTydenandIwereattendinganothernephew’sbirthdaypartyatalocalamusementcenter.Tydenwonquantitiesof1forscoringpointsonthegames,sowewentto2theminandselecthisprizes.Iwasfeelingnostalgic(怀旧的)becausemylovedoneandIhadourfirst3atthiscenterandhad4smalldecorations.Inoticedalionand5mypartnerlovedthem.IaskedtheyoungmanbehindthecounterifIcouldjust6itwithouttickets.Hesaid7thatwasnotanoption.IdecidedIneededto8350tickets.IleftTydenatthecountertofinishchoosinghis9withhisgrandma.Iboughtgamecoinsandenteredthegameroomwithallthe10littlefacesengagedinfunand11.IhadjustchosenagameIthoughtIcouldwinwhenIheardTyden’sexcitedvoice,“Auntie,Auntie!12!”Hepulledthelionoutfrombehindhisbackand13ittome.Myeyes14upwithtearsandmyheartburstwithlove.Hehad15thatwholeconversationandchosentogiveinsteadof16whateverhewanted.BeforeIcouldthankhim,hesaid,“Iwantedyoutohaveitsoyoudidn’thavetospend17‘causeyouworksohard.”I18himup,huggedhimclose,andtoldhimhowmuchIlovedhisheart,his19,andhim.Iwasbeyondgratefultohavethe20ofhisAuntie.1.A.coins B.opportunities C.patents D.tickets2.A.bring B.take C.cash D.join3.A.outcome B.date C.procedure D.trade4.A.ordered B.managed C.scanned D.exchanged5.A.remembered B.ignored C.suspected D.realized6.A.abandon B.purchase C.replace D.withdraw7.A.inconveniently B.unreasonably C.unfortunately D.ineffectively8.A.obtain B.sell C.hire D.owe9.A.game B.room C.prize D.gift10.A.shocked B.puzzled C.inspired D.delighted11.A.innocence B.laughter C.ambition D.rudeness12.A.Stop B.Come C.Look D.Help13.A.awarded B.limited C.returned D.presented14.A.welled B.fed C.tied D.put15.A.reflectedon B.listenedto C.talkedabout D.associatedwith16.A.demanding B.questioning C.getting D.approving17.A.time B.energy C.affection D.money18.A.gathered B.did C.cheered D.caught19.A.flexibility B.thoughtfulness C.sympathy D.determination20.A.title B.help C.alternative D.belief2Whenyouarestuckonaproblem,sometimesitisbesttostopthinkingaboutit—consciously,anyway.Researchhasshownthattakingabreakoranapcanhelpthebraincreate21toasolution.Nowanewstudy22ontheeffectofthisso-calledincubation（潜伏期）byusingsoundcuestofocusthesleepingmindonatargetedproblem.Whenhumanssleep,partsofthebrainreplaycertainmemories,strengtheningandtransformingthem.Aboutadecadeagoresearchersdevelopedatechnique,calledtargetedmemoryreactivation（TMR）,aimedatfurtherenhancing23memories:whenasoundbecomesassociatedwithamemoryandislaterplayedduringsleep,thatmemorygets24.InastudypublishedlastNovemberinPsychologicalScience,scientiststestedwhether25thememoryofapuzzleduringsleepmightalsoimproveproblem-solving.About60participantsvisitedthelaboratorybeforeandafteranightof26.First,they27spatial,verbalandconceptualpuzzles,withadistinctmusiccliprepeatinginthebackgroundforeach,untiltheyhadworkedonsixpuzzlestheycouldnotsolve.Overnighttheyworeelectrodes（电极）todetectslow-wavesleep,whichmaybeimportantformemoryenhancement—andadeviceplayedthesounds28tothreeofthesixunsolvedpuzzles.Thenextday,backatthelab,theparticipantsattemptedthesixpuzzlesagain.（Eachrepeatedtheexperimentwithadifferentsetofpuzzlesthefollowingnight.）Alltold,thesubjectssolved32percentofthesound-stimulatedpuzzlescomparedwith21percentofthe29puzzles.Theresearchers"verybravelywentforquitecomplextasksthatinvolvedalotofcomplexprocessing,andremarkablytheyfoundthesereallystrongeffectsinalloftheir30."saysPennyLewis,apsychologistatCardiffUniversity,whowasnotinvolvedintheresearch."Thesearesupercoolresults.Nowweneedtogooutandtrytounderstandthembyfirstlyreplicating（复制）themandsecondlytryingto31thecomponentprocessesthatareactuallybeinginfluenced."Beyondprovidingnewevidencethathumansrestructurememorieswhilesleeping,theresearchmayhave32implications."Inafuturisticworld,maybeTMRcouldhelpususesleeptoworkonourproblems,"saysleadauthorKristinSanders,whowasagraduatestudentatNorthwesternUniversityduringthestudy.Sleep-monitoringtechnologyisincreasinglyaccessible—andevenwithoutdevices,prospectivesolverscanfocusonimportantproblemsbefore33.Still,sleepisnot34;peopleneedtodotheirhomeworkandloadtheirheadswiththepuzzlepiecesinvolved."I'mnotgoingtosolvecancerwiththistechnique,"Sanderssays,"becauseIamtotally35cancerresearch."21.A.applications B.commitment C.attention D.pathways22.A.counts B.expands C.insists D.passes23.A.treasured B.selected C.devoted D.shortened24.A.dimmed B.stored C.reactivated D.researched25.A.neglecting B.examining C.erasing D.revisiting26.A.sleep B.experiment C.training D.relaxation27.A.created B.solved C.attempted D.classified28.A.assigned B.transformed C.explained D.introduced29.A.unsettled B.untargeted C.unstated D.untested30.A.puzzles B.brains C.processes D.tasks31.A.workout B.turnto C.takeon D.bringabout32.A.individual B.conceptual C.practical D.collective33.A.dinner B.dawn C.bed D.schooling34.A.significant B.magic C.fixed D.possible35.A.dependenton B.curiousabout C.interestedin D.ignorantof二、语法填空1阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当内容(1个单词)或填入括号内单词的正确形式。IfeltbutterfliesinmystomachwhenIstartedcalligraphyclasstenyearsago.IwonderedwhatIwasdoingthere.Atthatmoment,Icouldn'thaveknownthatI'djustmadeoneofthebest36.(choose)ofmylife.Isatdownandlistenedtotheteacherintroducingthetoolsofthecraft.Then37.wasthefirsttimeformethatIhadtriedmyhand.Itookupthebrush,usingthecorrectgesture,38.(dip)itintheink,andcarefullywrote"one"39.Chinese.Over40.pastfiveyears,Ihavelearnedtomakeversionsofwell-knownpoems.Calligraphyseemedlikeabridge,41.connectedmetoauthorsfromcenturiespast.Stroke(笔画)bystroke,wordbyword,Icouldfeeltheiremotions,cherishedmyownpeaceandlearned42.(appreciate)mydailylife.Now,calligraphyisnotjustahobby,43.awaytoremovemyselffromtheworriesoflife.Rollingoutthepaper,Icanwriteforawholeday.Calligraphy44.(able)metobalancemybusyscheduleandlive45.(peace).2阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。StudentsataprimaryschoolinHangzhouhadtheirfirstclass46.March1stonmovabletype.Thisis47.ancientChineseprintingsystem.TheWestLakePrimarySchoolinZhejiangProvincehasintroducedthecourseinthenewterm.AnexpertinChinesecharactersculturehasbeeninvitedtothecampus，48.majorresponsibilityistoteachstudentshow49.(use)theancientprintingtechnology.Studentsattendlecturesonthehistoryofmovatypealongwith50.(interest)classesontypesettingandprinting.Theythenprinttheirowndocument，51.(apply)theknowledgethey’velearned.Onestudentprintedher52.(new)writtenessay“Whetherthetraditionalredenvelopeskidsreceivebelongtothemortheirparents?”53.(know)asoneofthefourgreatinventionsofancientChina，movabletypeprinting54.(invent)byBiShenginthe1040sduringtheSongDynasty，anditistheworld’sfirstsystemofmovabletypeprinting.Theschoolsaidthecourseisaimedatimprovingthestudents’awarenessofChinesecharactersandtheir55.(appreciate)ofChineseculture.3阅读下面材料,在题后空白处填入适当的内容（每空一词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Inmanyfilms,wheneverEarthfacesadisaster,the56.（solve）isalwaysfleeingtheplanet57.spaceship.ButnowtheChinesesci-fimovie,TheWanderingEarth58.（offer）adifferentand59.（encourage）idea.Inthefilm,Earthisbeingdestroyedbythedyingsun.Inresponse,humansaroundtheworldworktogether60.(build)agiantenginesystem,61.willpushEarthawayfromthesun.This"ambition"didn'tcomefromnowhere.Uptonow“homeland”62.(have)asoftspotintheheartsandmindsofChinesepeople.Thisspecialculturalbackground63.(probable)makesTheWanderingEarthdifferentfromotherfilms.ThefilmwasreleasedonFeb5,thefirstdayofChineseNewYear.Itwas64.timewhenmanypeoplehadjustmadethehardjourneybackto65.(they)hometowns.Sothereisonlyonepossiblewaytotellthestory：Earthgoeswhereverhumansgo,becauseit'sourhome.4阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。TheBritishhavebeendrinkingteaforover350years.Butinfact,thehistoryofteagoesmuch66.(far)back.ThestoryofteabeginsinChina.Accordingtothelegend,theChineseemperorShenNungwassitting67.atreewhilehisservantboileddrinkingwater,whensomeleavesfromthetreeblewintothewater.ShenNung,68.expertinherbalmedicine,decidedtotrythewaterhisservantcreated.Asaresult,ittastedsogoodthatlaterthedrinkwas69.wenowcalltea.Itis70.(possible)toknowwhetherthereisanytruthinthisstory.71.,teadrinkingcertainlywasestablishedinChinamanycenturiesbeforeithadevenbeenheardofinthewest.Containersoftea72.(find)intombsdatingfromtheHandynasty(206BC-220AD)beforeteawasfirmlyestablishedasthenationaldrinkofChinaintheTangdynasty(618-906AD).Itbecame73.afavor