新高考英语一轮复习练习考向26 阅读理解之记叙文类(原卷版)

考向26阅读理解之记叙文类文体分析记叙文讲述的是发生在当前或过去或将来事情的经过。简而言之，记叙文就是讲故事，包括人物或故事情节。常见的记叙文根据其用途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙文以虚构为主，如趣闻逸事、传说、寓言、传奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等；说明记叙文以事实为依据，包括历史、传记、新闻报道、日记等。无论哪一种记叙文作者都要交代何人何时何地为什么、怎么样、干了何事等等，这也就是我们常说的“5Wsand1H”特别值得注意的是：记叙文的叙事顺序有顺叙和倒叙两种，有时候作者为了吸引读者会采用倒叙的方法，即不按照事情发展的先后顺序来叙述，而是从最重要、最能引人入胜的事件开始，然后再回过头来追叙故事的开端和经过。阅读时要学会从事情本身的发展去理解故事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置。命题特点从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。记叙文常见的命题类型如下：1.主旨大意题文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结。虽然作者表达主题思想的方式不同，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种：

What’sthemainidea/subject/topicofthepassage?

Themainideaofthepassageis…Thepassageismainlyabout_____.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressesthemainideaofthepassage?

Thebesttitleforthepassageis/mightbe____.

Theauthor’smainpurposeofwritingthispassageis____.

做题要领：文章主旨通常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的键。但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题,言过其实或以偏概全。2.细节理解题这类题目是针对文章的具体事实和细节而出,因此通常能在文章中直接或间接地找到答案.此类要求查找重要事实和细节的试题通常以下列形式提出：

Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)trueaccordingtothepassage?

Whichofthefollowingis(not)discussed/Mentionedinthepassage?Accordingtothepassage,what/where/Which/who/why/when/how…?

Allofthefollowingare(not)true/mentioned/discussedexcept_________.

Howdoestheauthor/writerfeelabout___?3.词义／语义判断题这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种：Accordingtotheauthor,theunderlinedword”…”means____.

Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword”…”is___.“…”canbebestreplacedby___.Whatdoestheauthorprobablymeanby”…”?

By”…”,theauthormeansthat___

做此类题时，应在文中找线索或信息词。根据上下文判断新词汇在特定句中确切意思。根据周围熟悉的词及语义判断新单词之意，有时还需依靠构词法。4.推断题以原文内容为前提,透过现象看本质即透过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思。根据作者的观点理论客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。

推断题的常见形式：

Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthetextthat____.

Fromthetextweknowthat______.

Thepassageimpliesthat______.

Theparagraphfollowingthepassagewillmostprobablydiscusses______.

解推断题的方法：解推断题最主要的方法是根据语义关系推断具体细节。5.观点态度题回答这类问题应从篇章的体裁入手.一般来说,在说明文中作者的态度是客观的或中立的;在议论文中,作者的态度才会显得多种多样.可以根据阐述主题或有关主题的相关语句或词语确定作者的态度。

常见的态度词语有:positive/support/approval(赞同的/optimisticcritical/negative/tolerant/disappointed/pessimistic(悲观的)/indifferent(冷淡的)/doubtfulNeutral(中立的）/objective(客观的）这类考题常见的提问方式有以下几种:What’stheauthor’s/writer’sattitudeto…?

Theauthorthinks/suggests/believesthat___.Howdoestheauthorfeelabout…?Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragree/disagreewith?

Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowards…?

解题技巧记叙文讲述的是发生在当前或过去或将来事情的经过。简而言之，记叙文就是讲故事，包括人物或故事情节。常见的记叙文根据其用途可分为文学记叙文和说明记叙文：文学记叙文以虚构为主，如趣闻逸事、传说、寓言、传奇故事、短篇小说、科幻小说等；说明记叙文以事实为依据，包括历史、传记、新闻报道、日记等。无论哪一种记叙文作者都要交代何人何时何地为什么、怎么样、干了何事等等，这也就是我们常说的“5Wsand1H”。这是我们在阅读记叙文时要首先了解的，接着按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，就能理解整个故事。

特别值得注意的是：记叙文的叙事顺序有顺叙和倒叙两种，有时候作者为了吸引读者会采用倒叙的方法，即不按照事情发展的先后顺序来叙述，而是从最重要、最能引人入胜的事件开始，然后再回过头来追叙故事的开端和经过。阅读时要学会从事情本身的发展去理解故事情节而不要只看事件在文中出现的先后位置。

另外，讲故事必定有其目的：或证明某一理论，或阐明某一概念，或赞美某种美德，或谴责某种罪恶等等。我们在阅读时要通过作者的重要细节描写联系故事情节去领会作者的意图，对作者重墨泼就的细节描写要重点关注。概括起来一句话：读记叙文的关键是抓情节。抓住了故事情节，就理解了文章的脉络，其他的就迎刃而解了。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。

1.关注细节

记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。

2.注重联系

在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。

3.读懂表象

如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?”或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。

4.挖掘意义

每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。

【典例示例】

Compassionisadesirewithinustohelpothers．Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction．Anexperiencelastweekendshowedmethisistrue．Iworkpart-timeinasupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly．Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit’snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness．ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson．Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister(收款机)withaboxofbiscuits．Hesaidhewasoutofcash(现金),hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards．Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust．Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday．

Icouldn’thelpstaringathim．Iwonderedwhatkindofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeifluckhadgonehisway．Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld．ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso．Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob．

Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup．Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable．“Chargeittome,”wasallhesaid．

WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity．Pityissoftandsafeandeasy．Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction．Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither．ThenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself．Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.

解析：故事采用顺叙的叙事方法，主要情节发展如下：Oneagedgentlemanbeggedmetohavethefoodontrustandpromisedtorepaythenextday.Itoldhimthestorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Anothermanwantedmetochargethefoodtohim.Ipaidforthebiscuitsmyself.作者用第一人称讲述自己亲身经历的这段故事，让人觉得亲切可信，同时也增强了文章的感染力。作者说自己通过这段故事学会了compassion（同情），事实上也是在号召读者多伸出同情之手，共建和谐社会。

【检测训练】1ThecityofRichmondannouncedthatRoscoeBurnemswouldbecomethecity’sfirstpoetlaureate(桂冠诗人),apoetrecognizedforachievementsinpoetryDuringhistwo-yeartermasapoetlaureate,Burnemsisresponsibleforbeingapoetryadvocatebyprovidingaccesstopoetrythroughoutthecityandofferingopportunitiestousethepowerofwordstohealwounds,openheartsandminds,andbringpeopleclosertogether.Hehasthefreedomtocreateanddevelophisownprojectsduringhistermandwillreceivea$4,000annualbonus.Burnems’loveofpoetrybeganatanearlyagewhenhewasstrugglingagainstdepression.HisEnglishteacherrecommendedhimtoreadpoetry,whichlaterbroughthimapeacefulmentalstateandhelpedhimrecoverfromdepression.Hesoondecidedthatpoetrywassomethinghewouldrunafterforhislifetime.“Peoplegravitatetopoetrybecausetheycanfindthemselvesinthepoems,”hesays.“Itallowsreaderstofeeltheemotionalpartofourexperiences.”Hesayspoetryisagreatplatformtodiscussmentalhealth.depressionandtheemotionalstressesthatcomewithdailylife.RelievingthosestressesiscentraltosomeoftheworkhedoeswithyoungpeopleLastyear.Burnemsstartedayouthpoetryproducingcompetitionforlocalhighschoolstudents.Burnemssayshelovesandsupportsdifferenttypesofart,andhisnextmoveistoexplorepoetrythroughcooperationacrossmediaRichmond’spaintingsonthewallareagoodexample.Hesays,“Richmondisgettingknownforthesebeautifulpaintingsondisplayacrossthecity,andIwanttoaddaliterarycomponenttothat.”1.WhatisBurnems’responsibilityasapoetlaureate?A.Creatingmoregoodpoems. B.Developinghisownprojects.C.Spreadingthepowerofpoetry. D.Bringingpoetryloverstogether.2.WhydidBurnemsdevelopagreatpassionforpoetry?A.Poetrymadehimmoreconfident.B.Poetryhelpedhimthroughatoughtime.C.HewasinfluencedbyhisEnglishteacher.D.Heviewedwritingpoemsasalifelongcareer.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“gravitateto”inParagraph3probablymean?A.Takepridein. B.Beusedto. C.Breakawayfrom. D.Beattractedby.4.WhatisBurnemsgoingtodointhenearfuture?A.Toshifthisfocustopaintings. B.Tocombinepoetrywithotherarts.C.Toholdmorepoetrycompetitions. D.Tohelpyouthwithmentalproblems.2ItwastheearlymorningofAugust5,1888,andherhusbandwasstillsleeping.Sheleftanoteforherhusbandonthetable,sayingthatsheandtheirtwosonshadalreadylefttovisitPforzheim,Germany,90kilometersaway.Shepurposelydidn’tmentionhermeansoftransportation.Itwasn’tuntilCarlBenzcheckedtheworkshopinhisfactorythatherealizedhisfamilyhadn’ttakenthetrain.Hisnewinventionwasgone.Berthahadjustcommittedtheworld’sfirstcartheft.Herhusbandwasabrilliantengineerwhohaddesignedtheworld’sfirstautomobilein1885.However,withoutsharpbusinessmind,hisproductwasn’tgoinganywhere.Berthaunderstoodwhateverymodernbusinessknows:marketingaproductrequiresdifferentskillsthandesigningone.Toprovideaproofthatthevehiclewasreliableandcouldalsomasterlong-distanceroutes,sheintendedtodrivewiththemotorfromMannheimtoPforzheimtoshowwhatitcoulddo.Oncethethreehittheroad,theyhadtoconquernovelproblems.At2.5horsepower,theycouldnotclimbsteepslopeswithoutpushingitfrombehind.Goingdownhill,thecarburntoutthebrakeshoes.Berthastoppedoffatacobblerandaskedhimtoequipthebrakeshoeswithaleatherlining.Insodoing,BerthaBenzbecametheinventorofbrakelining.Thefuelamountwasalsounderestimated.BerthamadeherfirstfuelpurchaseattheStadtapotheke,wherethestorestillproudlydisplaysasignofbeingthefirstgasstationintheworld.Followingthe“firstshock”,aswritteninhismemoirs,Carlfeltaninnerprideinhiswife’sdaring“testdrive”.AndsalessoonsteppedupwiththespreadofBertha’sdaringtrip.Today,driverscanstillexperiencethispartofMercedes-BenzsuccessstoryalongtheBerthaBenzMemorialRoutebetweenMannheimandPforzheim,justasthefirstwomandriverdid.5.WhydidBerthasecretlytaketheroadtrip?A.Tosavemoneyonlong-distancetrainfares.B.Toteachchildrenhowtodriveautomobiles.C.ToprovetheperformanceofCarl’sinvention.D.Tounderstandtheknowledgeofmodernbusiness.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“novel”inParagraph3mean?A.Unexpected. B.Common. C.Additional. D.Slight.7.WhatcanwelearnfromthepassageaboutBertha’strip?A.Bertha’stripendedattheStadtapotheke.B.Bertha’striphelpedtopromotecarbusiness.C.Thecarturnedouttobeafailureontheroad.D.Berthafixedthebrakeshoesherselfduringthetrip.8.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ARegrettableCrime B.ASurprisingDiscoveryC.ACreativeInvention D.APioneeringUndertaking3WhentheirdaughterMoreystartedkindergarten,theBelangerfamilywereworriedbecausetheir6-year-olddaughterwasdeaf.Ratherthansendhertoaspecialschoolfordeafchildren,Morey'sparentsdecidedtogiveheratraditionalschoolexperienceandsendhertoDaytonConsolidatedSchool.Theyworriediftheirdaughterwouldbeabletomakefriends.Theyalsohadconcernsastohowherclassmateswouldtreatherandwhetherherteacherswouldbeabletohelpherlearneffectively(有效地).Butthentheschoolhadaresponsetheyneverexpected—teachingalltheirstudentsandstaffsignlanguage.Thatway,everyonecouldcommunicatewithMoreyonapersonallevel."Iabsolutelyfeellikeitmakesherfeelwelcomed,"saidMorey'smom."IthinkallthekidsfeelexcitedthattheyknowanotherlanguageandIthinktheythinkit'sfun.Itmakesmehappytoseehersupported,lovedandaccepted.Moreyisexcitedtogotoschooleveryday.She'smadereallygoodfriendships."Notonlydidtheylearnsignlanguage，buttheyalsoputupsignlanguagepostersinthehallsandequippedaspecialhearingsystem.Additionally,theyprovidedextratrainingsothatteacherscouldbecomemorefamiliarwiththelanguage.“Morey,withoutevenknowingit,hastaughtussomuch,"saysheadmasterKimberlySampietro."She'sbroughtaculturetooursystemthatwedidn'thavebefore.Moreyhelpedthewholeclasstolearnthealphabet.Thekidslookuptoher,theywantheraround,andtheywanttopartnerwithher.”Morey'shearinglossisaresultofaconditionthat'ssorarethatit'sneverbeennamed.However,thankstothehardworkandgoodwillofherclassmatesandteachers,shecancommunicatewiththemonherterms.9.WhatconcernedtheBelangerswhenMoreystartedkindergarten?A.Thattheywouldhavetoseparatefromher.B.Thattheycouldhardlyaffordhereducation.C.Whethershecouldleadanormalschoollife.D.Whethershecouldreceivespecialtraining.10.WhydidDaytonConsolidatedSchoolteachalltheirstudentsandstaffsignlanguage?A.Toequipthemwithonemorepracticalskill.B.Todevelopcloserstudent-teacherrelationships.C.Outofconcernfortheirteachingeffectiveness.D.Outofconcernforastudentwithspecialneeds.11.WhatdoesMorey'smomthinkofthekindergarten'sresponse?A.Inspiringanduseful. B.Dullbutworthwhile.C.Consideratebutcomplex. D.Shockingandcontroversial.12.WhatdoKimberlySampietro'swordsinparagraph4imply?A.Moreyisgoodatteachingothers.B.Moreyisn'ttheonlyonewhobenefited.C.Moreyhasbecomeasymbolofthekindergarten.D.Moreyhasn'tbroughtanychangestothekindergarten.4ThebellforlunchrangatGlendalePrimarySchool.However,insteadofheadingtothecanteenlikealltheotherchildrendid,Jonah,anewstudentattheschool,wenttothelibrary.Otherthanthenoiseoftheair-conditioner,thelibrarywasquietandtherewasbarelyasoulinsight.Farinacorner,hespottedMrsLim,thelibrarian,whowastoobusyshelvingsomebookstopayanyattentiontohim.Thelibrarywasneartothecanteen.Jonahcouldhearchildrenlaughingandchatting.Hewishedhewasoutsideplayingwithsomefriendsbuthedidnotletthisbotherhim.Suddenly,Jonahheardasoundinthecorner.Helookedaroundandsawapairofeyeslookingathimfrombehind,thebookshelves.Jonahturnedback,eyesaswideassaucers(茶碟).“Ohdear!”hewhispered.Hepeeked(窥视)overhisshoulderagainandsawasmallerboywalkingtowardshim.TheboypulledoutthechairnexttoJonahandsatdown.“I’mHenry.Whyareyoureadingherewhenyoucouldbeplayingwithyourfriendsinstead?”askedhe.“Uh...”Jonahlookedaroundthelibrary,avoidingHenry’sgaze(注视).HedidnotwantHenrytoknowtherealreasonwhyhewasinthelibrary.WhatwouldHenrythinkofhimifheknewJonahdidnothaveanyfriends?ItwouldmakeJonahfeelmoreuncomfortable.AsJonahturnedthepage,herealizedHenrywasstillsittingthere,watchinghimsteadily.“Iknowhowyoufeel.Justsayhellotosomeonetoday,”HenryencouragedJonah.“Ipromisethey’llrespond.Onceyou’vemadethefirstmove,itjustgetseasier.”Jonahappreciatedtheadviceandthankedhimbeforemakinghiswayoutofthelibrary.Inthehallwayoutsidethelibrary,aboyfromJonah’sclasswascrouchedonthefloor,pickinguppensandpencilsthathaddroppedoutofhispencilcase.JonahrememberedwhatHenryhadadvisedhimtodo.“Hello,I’mJonah.Letmehelpyou,”heoffered.Theboylookedupathim.“Thankyou!MynameisRuben.”Victoryatlast,Jonahthought,feelingproudofhimself.13.Whatcanweknowfromthetext?A.ThethoughtofplayingoutsidebotheredJonah.B.Thelibrarywasnotcrowdedatlunchtime.C.Thelibrarianwasannoyedbythenoiseoutside.D.Jonahhadhadlunchbeforegoingtothelibrary.14.WhywereJonah’seyes“aswideassaucers”inparagraph2?A.Heturnedtooquicklyandfeltalittledizzy.B.Hewasshockedbythepairofeyespeekingathim.C.Hewastoothinbecauseoflackingenoughnutrition.D.Hedidn’texpectthesmallerboywouldcometohim.15.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inparagraph3referto?A.Jonah’snothavinganyfriendsintheschool.B.Henry’simpolitenessinaskingthequestion.C.Jonah’sshynessafterhefoundHenry’sgaze.D.Henry’sthoughtofJonahifheknewJonah’srealsituation.16.WhywasJonahproudofhimselfatlast?A.HehadneverdoubtedorforgottenHenry’sadvice.B.Hehadcompletedagooddeedofhelpingaclassmate.C.Hehadmanagedtoovercomehisfearandshyness.D.Hehadmetaclassmatewhowasinthesamesituation.5Dad’scombwasjadegreen.IheardheboughtitwhenhemarriedMum,whichmadethecombtwoyearsolderthanIwas.Everynight,hewouldsmile,handmethecombandsay,“BeagoodgirlandhelpDaddycleanit,OK?”Iwasmorethanhappytodoit.Atagefivethismundanetaskbroughtmesuchjoy.Iwouldexcitedlyturnthetapon,thenbrushthecombwithausedtoothbrushashardasI

could.SatisfiedthatI’ddoneagoodjob,IwouldproudlyreturnthecombtoDad.Hewouldsmileatmeandplacethe

combontopofhiswallet.Abouttwoyearslater,Dadlefthissalesjobandstartedhisownwholesalebusiness.Istartedprimaryschool.Thatwaswhenthingsstartedtochange.Hedidn’tcomehomeasmuchasheusedto–justacoupleoftimesaweek.Andwhenhedidcomehome,itwasalwayslateandI’dalreadybeinbed.Istartedtogetmad.Istoppedwaitingforhimtocomehome,andstoppedgoingdownstairstocheckonhim.Today,I’mnolongerakid.I’vegraduatedfromcollegeandgotajob.Dad’sbusinesshasgotbackontrack.Thingsarebetternow.YettheuncomfortablesilencebetweenDadandmepersisted.Twodaysbeforemybirthdaylastyear,Dadcamehomeearly.Asusual,Ihelpedhimcarryhisbagsintohisstudy.WhenIturnedtoleave,hesaid,“Hey,wouldyouliketohelpmecleanmycomb?”Ilookedathimawhile,thentookthecomband

headedtothesink.IpassedthecleancombbacktoDad.Helookedatitandsmiled.Butthistime,Inoticedsomethingdifferent.Mydadhasaged.Hehaswrinklesnexttohiseyeswhenhesmiles,yethissmileisstillasheartwarmingasbefore.Thesmileofafatherwhojustwantsagoodlifeforhisfamily.Dadcarefullyplacedhiscombontopofhiswallet.Aftersomanyyears,hestillorganizeshispersonalitemsinthesamemeticulousway.Iguesssomethingsneverchange.Andforthat,I’mglad.17.WhatcausedtheuncomfortablesilencebetweenDadandme?A.Generationgap. B.Dad’sfailureinbusiness.C.MyignoranceofDad. D.Dad’sabsencefromthefamily.18.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDad?A.Gentlebutstrict. B.Hardworkingandcaring.C.Cautiousandrealistic. D.Demandingbutpatient.19.WhydidDadaskhisdaughtertocleanhiscombbeforeherbirthday?A.Togiveheralesson. B.Tofollowhisoldhabit.C.Tofixtheirrelationship. D.Topraiseherhelpfulness.20.Whichsayingconcludesthetextbest?A.Yesterdayoncemore. B.Letbygonesbebygones.C.Somethingsneverchange. D.Likefather,likedaughter.6Thebellrang.Jadasighed,slowlymovedfromthelockerswhereshehadbeenleaning,andheadeddownthehalltoherchemistryclass.HonorsChemistry!Jadacouldn'tbelievethathermomwasmakinghertaketheclassbecauseJada'scounselorhadsaidthatshehadrealtalentinscience.Jadahadtoadmitthatshelikedscienceandthatlastyear'sclasswasabreeze,butcomeon,HonorsChemistry?Shewouldn'tknowanyoneintheclass,andtheyprobablywouldn'tknowanyonelikeher.Thegoodthingaboutbeinglateisthatitshortenedtheperiodabit.Thebadthingisthatitmadeherseemlikeshewasmakingagrandentrance.Tomakemattersworse,theonlytwoseatsleftinclasswereatthelabtableattheveryfrontoftheroom.Jadaheldherbreathandwalkedin.Everyone'seyeswereonher.Shejustknewit.Theywerestaringathercoalblackhair（freshlydyed）,herblacklipstick,herblackfingernailpolish,andherthrift-storeblackleatherjacket.Allshesawwerepoloshirtsandkhakipants.Thiscan'tgetanyworse,Jadathought.Butatleastshedidn'tgetshoutedatbytheteacher.Hewastoobusytalkingtoanewkid.AHUGEnewkid,maybe6'4".Hehadtoweighatleast250pounds.Afootballplayer,probably.Shehatedfootballplayers.Theythoughttheyweresogreat.Thatgroupofjocksthathungoutbythecafeteriaalwaysmadefunofher.Thenewkidmadehiswayovertohertablewithhisheaddown.Hehadtosqueezeintotheseat,andhislegswouldn'tfitunderthelabtable.HeshotJadaaglanceandturnedred.Mr.Martin,theteacher,beganclasswiththisannouncement:"Okay,everyone.Iknowmostofyouknoweachotherfromlastyear'sHonorsPhysicalScienceclass."Jadasighedloudly."Butjusttakeaminuteandintroduceyourselftothepersonsittingatyourtable.You'llbepartners.You'llbeworkingcloselytogetherallyear."Jadarolledhereyesandstaredstraightahead.Thensheheardasurprisinglysoftvoicefromnexttoher."Hi,I'mRobert.I'mnewhere."…21.WhatcanbelearnedaboutJadafromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Shethoughtthisyear'schemistryclasswouldbeabreeze.B.Shewasn'twillingtotaketheHonorsChemistryclass.C.Shewasangrythathermothermadehergotoschool.D.Shefoundshedidn'tlikescienceasshethought.22.ThewriterdescribedJada'sappearanceinparagraph4inorderto________.A.revealhowdifferentshewasfromherclassmatesB.explainwhyshewaslateforschoolthatmorningC.givereadersageneralimpressionofsciencestudentsD.implythatshefeltsorryformakingagrandentrance23.Inparagraph5,thephrase"thatgroupofjocks"refersto________.A.thenewkid B.Jada'sclassmates C.Jada'steacher D.footballplayers24.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueofthenewkid?A.Hewasrude. B.Helikedsports. C.Hewasshy. D.Helookedsad.7Oneofthegreatestchallengesincaringforsuchintelligentanimalsaschimpanzees(猩猩)isprovidingthemwithenrichingexperiences.Everyday,thechimpanzeesatProjectChimpsreceivemorningandeveningfood-basedenrichmentdevices,butcaregiversarealwayslookingformorewaystokeepthechimpsmentallyengaged.With79chimpanzees,eachwiththeirdistinctivepersonality,carestaffoftenfindthatdifferentchimpsreactdifferentlytonewenrichment.Lastyear,webeganinvitingmusicianstoperformforchimpstoseewhattheymayrespond.Aviolinperformancereceivedquitetheresponse.Additionalmusicianswerelineduptovisitbutthecoronavirushasstoppedtheactivities,whichwehopetoresumeinthenearfuture.Thispastweek,webroughtanelectricpianoforthechimpstoinvestigate.Somechimps,liketwinsButtercupandClarisse,wereimmediatelyinterestedandcouldnotwaittotapoutafewnotes.Others,likeEmma,weremoreinterestedintryingtotakeitapart.29-year-oldPrecioushasverylittletoleranceforthepiano.Shesatofftothesideforafewminutes,buteventuallyshedecidedthatwasenough.Shecalledanendtotheenrichmentsessionbythrowingahandfulofwasteatthepiano.Receivinghermessageloudandclear,weremovedthepiano.Wecouldneverhaveguessedhow33-year-oldLukewouldreacttoit.Aswithmanyretiredlabchimpanzees,Lukehassomeanxietyissues.Heseemsparticularlydistrustfulofanythingnew,includingpeople,food,andenrichment.Butwhenwepresentedthechimpswiththepiano,Lukewasthefirsttoinvestigate.Wecouldnotbelieveoureyes—thisusuallyanxiouschimpanzeebravelychosetoexploresomethingnew!TousatProjectChimps,thisiswhatitisallabout:givingchimpanzeesthefreedomtochoose.Wearehonoredtobepartoftheirjourney.25.Whydochimpanzeesresponddifferentlytonewenrichment?A.Theyareofdifferentgenders.B.Theyhavenaturalcuriosities.C.Theyareasintelligentashumans.D.Theyhavetheiruniquecharacters.26.Whoshowedtheleastinterestinthepiano?A.ButtercupandClarisse.B.Emma. C.Precious. D.Luke.27.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“resume”inParagraph2mean?A.Continue. B.Suspend. C.Monitor. D.Regulate.28.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Howcaregiverscarefortheretiredchimpanzees.B.Whatcarestaffdotoenrichchimpanzees’dailylife.C.Howchimpanzeesaretrainedthroughvariousenrichment.D.WhatProjectChimpsdoestoobserveands