5国际音标发音教学（共81张）

英语语音

By外语系讲师—曾艳/show/oJIwaQ-_deCCGC-6Qkfe5w...html

英国女王伊丽莎白二世登基60周年演讲？？？Askandanswer:为什么要学习语音音标？1.发音准确，说地道的英语对于处于青少年时期的学生来说，语言上有很强的模仿能力，学习音标能帮助他们准确发音，快速提高自身听、读英语的能力。学习好48个国际音标，为日后的学习打下坚实的基础。英语在生活中说的机会比中文少得多，很多中小学生说英语像香港人说普通话一样，听他们说的英语需要伸长脖子、不断重复。学会了音标，发音地道了、纯正了，听力也随之提高，中考、高考、四六级、专四专八的应试能力大大加强了。

2.拼读法记忆单词很多同学老是花很多时间记单词，但又很快忘记了。原因就是靠死记硬背字母，这种死板的记忆方法是不科学的。英语的发音内在有其极为强大的规律，会了国际音标是完全可以用来背单词。记忆单词的时候，发音的规律自然产生作用，使得同学只要知道读音就基本可以拼写出单词，甚至可以自己检验单词拼写有否错误。很大程度上，能节省记单词的时间和不少痛苦。

3.提高自主学习性，增加词汇量在学生在没有学习音标之前，都是很依赖老师。老师读一个单词，同学跟着读一个，很多同学怕自己忘了就用中文或者奇怪的符号标注，但过后发现又不知怎样发音了。条件好点的学生会借助于电子词典等的学习工具。但是学会了音标可以轻松解决这些问题，更使学生的学习更主动有效。即使老师没有教你读音，自己也可以根据音标拼读出来。英语世界数十万单词，不可能每个都依赖老师，遇到不懂的单词可以通过拼读轻松把它记下来。

4.整体语感提高掌握音标之后，学校的课文可以很流畅地朗读。语感也随着这样的日常训练逐步提高，对学生应对语法选择、完形填空和阅读理解等题目有一种无形的助力。

音素和国际音标

1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。7.开音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音+e:name,bike,home,due,

plane,shineb)辅音+元音:he,go,hi,do,be,tree,three,hello8.闭音节：a)辅音+元音+辅音:bad,bed,sit,hot,cup,let,mad,mapb)元音+辅音:it,is,of,in,on,up,out,ant9.重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。元音和辅音的定义：发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。元

音12个单元音长元音[a:][ә:][i:][ɔ:][u:]短元音[Λ][ә][i][ɔ][u][æ][e]8个双元音[ai]

[ei][ɔi][iә][eә][uә][au][әu]辅

音10对清辅音[p][t][k][f][s][∫][t∫][tr][θ][ts]浊辅音[b]

[d][g][v][z][3][d3][dr][ð][dz]3个鼻音[m][n][η]3个似拼音[h][r][l]2个半元音[w][j]什么是国际音标？由于英语的拼写形式和读音有很大的分歧,所以无法完全根据字母来读音。为了精确地学习和掌握语音,就要借助一种注音手段来弥补这一缺陷,于是便产生了一定数量的精确记录语音的符号，叫做“音符”(Phoneticsymbols)。国际音标（旧称万国音符）是国际语音学协会（IPA---InternationalPhoneticAssociation)于1888年拟定的一套为各国语言注音的语音符号。我们这里所说的国际音标是专门为英语注音的那一部分标音符号。目前我国通用的国际音标共有48个,其中,元音音标20个，辅音音标28个。

英语元音

(Englishvowels)

英语元音音素共20个。分单元音和双元音两大类。a.前元音：/i:/,/i/,/e/,/æ/b.后元音：/ɑ:/,/ɔ/,/ɔ:/,/u/,/u:/

c.中元音：/Λ/./ә:/,/ә/a.

合口双元音：/ei/,/әu/,/ai/,/au/,/ɔ

i/b.集中双元音：/iә/,/eә/,/uә/单元音的分类双元音的分类a.爆破音/p/,/b/,/t／,/d/,/k/,/ɡ/b.摩擦音/f//v/，/θ//ð/，/s//z/,/∫

//ӡ/，/h//r/c.破擦音/t∫/，/dӡ

/，

/tr//dr/，/ts//dz/d.鼻音/m/,/n/,/ŋ/e.旁流音（舌侧音）/l/f.半元音/w/,/j/

英语辅音

(Englishconsonants)(共28个）Theimportanceof

learningEnglishphonetics

(1).Goodpronunciationandintonationisneededforbettercommunication.(2).Goodpronunciationandintonationisthebasisofgoodlisteningandspeakingabilities.(3).Goodpronunciationandintonationhassomeindirectinfluenceonthestudents’writingandreadingabilities.(4).Goodpronunciationandintonationcanhelpthestudentsdevelopgoodsenseoflanguage.Contents&structurePartonePronunciation

ChapterⅠFrontvowelsChapterⅡBackvowelsChapterⅢCentralvowelsChapterⅣDiphthongsChapterⅤDiphthongsChapterⅥStopconsonantsChapterⅦFrictionconsonantsChapterⅧFrictionconsonantsChapterⅨFrictionconsonantsChapterⅩAffricateconsonantsChapterⅪNasalconsonantsChapterⅫLateralconsonants

ParttwoIntonation

ChapterXIIIFallingtuneChapterXIVRisingtuneChapterXVFalling-RisingtuneChapterXVIRising-FallingtunePracticeofpronunciationandintonationOrgansofspeech.

1.上唇Upperlip2.下唇Lowerlip3.上齿Upperteeth4.下齿Lowerteeth5.上齿龈Upperteethridge6.硬腭Hardpalate7.软腭Softpalate8.小舌theuvula

9.舌端Thetipofthetongue10.舌前Thefrontofthetongue11.舌后Thebackofthetongue12.喉头throat13.声带thevocalcords14.器官organs15.咽头thepharynx16.口腔themouthcavity17.鼻腔

thenasalcavity前元音P9/i:/feelheatleap/æ/badlandDadmaphat/i/fillhitlip/e/bedlenddeadmethead前元音练习beebilldeepdigbag

testGivemeabeefsteak,peas,andbeer,please.Catchthatmadblackcat．Betterlatethannever.Bettertodowellthantosaywell.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

Comparisonof/i:/&/ɪ/

Minimalpairs/i://i//i://i/Sheep羊Ship船Peach桃子Pitch音高Heat加热Hit打、敲Sleep睡Slip滑倒Leave离开Live生活Feel感觉Fill装满Heal治愈Hill小山Seek寻找Sick有病Comparisonof/e/&/æ/

Minimalpairs/e//æ//e//æ/Men男人（复数）Man男人（单数）Beg求Bag包Ten十Tan棕褐色Said说Sad悲伤Beck召唤Back背Less较少Lass少女Set安置Sat坐Guess猜Gas煤气

Gamesandactivities

Dialogues.

---Fishormeat?---Letmesee,fishformeplease.---Coffeeortea?---Coffee,Please.---Isthereanymeat?---Thereisonlytinned/canned(AE)meat.

---Isitreadytoeat?---Well,youhavetoheatitbeforeyoueatit.Practicethevowelsound:/æ/throughreadingthisfunnystoryTheSack

Onedayamanwentofftothemarkettobuyrice.Unfortunately,helostthesackontheway.Hewenthomeandtoldhiswife,“Themarketistoobusytoday,andbesidesIlostmysack.”Hiswifeaskednervously,“So,whataboutthemoney?”“Oh,noproblem.It’ssafe.Ihavetiedittothebottomofthesack.”TongueTwisterWith/iː,ɪ,e,æ/Shesellsseashellsontheseashore,Andtheshellsshesellsareseashells,I’msure,’causeifshesellsshellsattheseashore,Theshellsshesellsareseashells,forsure.Tonguetwister“sheep”SillySallyswiftlyshooedsevensillysheep.ThesevensillysheepSillySallyshooedShilly-shalliedsouth.Thesesheepshouldn'tsleepinashack;Sheepshouldsleepinashed.Dialogue“Howisyourleg?”---Hi,howisyourleg?---It’sgettingbetter,thanks.---Well,I’mgladtohearthat.---I’mgladyoucame.Thanks.---I’mverybusy,butIwillbebackagainnextSaturday.第二次课:后元音+中元音

后元音/ɔ:/

allfallHall/u:/goosefoodLoose

/ɑ:/calm/ɔ/bossfoxhot/u/goodfootLookComparisonBetween

/ɑ:/&/ɒ/and/ɔ:/&/ɒ//ɑ://ɔ//ɔ://ɔ/dark黑dock码头cork软木cock公鸡guard看守god神short短shot射击sharp锋利shop商店chalk粉笔chock垫块heart心脏hot热cord粗浅cod鳕鱼ComparisonBetween/u:/&/ʊ/

/u://ʊ//u://ʊ/Luke卢克

(男子名)look看cooed鸽子叫声could能fool傻瓜full充满who’d=whowouldhood头巾pool水池pull拉stool凳子stood站wooed求婚wood木头shoot射击should应该

GamesandActivitiesAlargearmymarchedpastthefarmyard．It’shardtoseeanystarsinthedarksky．Theclockisstopped,it’snotlong．Losttimeisneverfoundagain．Whosaidthesoupwastoocool?Asarule,theskiesareblueinJune．Helookslikeagoodcook．ItookmybookandlookedatitaslongasIcould．PracticeTicktherightwordyouheard:Didyoubuya(cart,cat)?Helikesher(form,farm).The(clerk,clock)isslow.It’sagoodcoat,butIdon’tlikethe(colour,collar).Shewantedtofinda(potter,porter).Themanwas(shot,short).PairworkA:Hey,don’twalkonthelawn.B:Sorry,I’mlookingformywallet.A:Youlostyourwallet?Anythingimportantinit?B:Yes.Alotofmoney.Almostfourthousanddollars.A:That’stoobad.Betterreporttothepoliceofficerwalkingthere.Readthefollowingshortpoempayingattentiontothesoundsbetween/u:/and/ʊ/:AtnoonItookabook.Andsatbythepoolinthewood.Andputmyfootinthepool.Oh,howcool!中午我拿着一本书，坐在林中的水池边。我把脚放在水池中，噢，好凉爽！Learntosing:

EdelweissEdelweiss,edelweiss,Everymorningyougreetme.Smallandwhite,Cleanandbright.Youlookhappytomeetme.Blossomofsnow,Mayyoubloomandgrow,Bloomandgrowforever.Edelweiss,edelweiss,Blessmyhomelandforever.TheBoyWhoCriedWolf

Ashepherdboywaslookingafterhissheeponthemountain.Hewasboredsoheshouted,“Help!Wolf!”Thenhewatchedallthepeoplerunupthemountainfromthetown.Helaughed.“Where’sthewolf?Where’sthewolf?”thepeopleasked.“Itranaway!”theboysaid.Nextdayhewasboredsoheshouted,“Help!Wolf!”Thenhewatchedallthepeoplerunupthemountainfromthetown.“Where’sthewolf?Where’sthewolf?”thepeopleasked.“Itranaway!”theboysaid.Onthethirddayawolfcamesheshouted“Help!Wolf!”Thepeopleinthetownheardhimbuttheysaid,“It’snottrue.He’sbored.Hewantstoseeusrunupthemountain.”Sothewolfatethesheepandtheboy.中元音

/Λ//ә://ә/earthsearchbirdchurchanotherordermethoddoctorMyyoungerbrotherisadoctor．Givemesomebutterandsugar．Wewillhaveaget-togetheraftersupper．双元音/ei//e/agelatepainfailedgeletpenfell双元音/ai//ɔi/bikemineheightboycoinnoisevoice双元音/ә

u//au/coalposeloanbowl

doubtfoundnoun合口双元音ClosingDiphthongs:/əʊ//aʊ/

Warming-upexercise

/a:/:mark parthard basketpartoftheparkpasstheglass

/ʊ/:fullcouldtook sugar goodbooks woolensocks /

/:aboutannoyaliveagreebreadandbutteratthecounter

/əʊ//əʊ/isusuallyreadinthefollowinglettersorlettergroups:

o,oa,ow

go toe show growroad stoveboat coatsoul coldnote hope Pairwork

socoldgohomeagoldbowlanoldovercoat cokeinthestove gotothegrocerystore

SentencesIt’ssocold.Pleaseclosethewindow.Don’tgohomealone.Littlestrokesfellgreatoaks./aʊ/

/aʊ/isusuallyreadinthefollowinglettersorlettergroups:ou,owbow allow foundmouse loud ploughcow

out now

browfowl housePairwork

downtown

outoftown aloudsound abrownhouse cowsandfowlsthousandsofflowers

SentencesOpenyourmouthandpronouncethesoundloudly.Thecrowdgatheredaroundthehouseandshoutedslogans.Hefoundouthowthefieldswereploughed.Dialogues

A:I’mgoingtothepost-office.AnythingIcandoforyou,Rose?B:Tothepost-office?Canyougetmesomepost-cards?A:Ok.Howmanypost-cardsdoyouwant?B:Ten,please.Bytheway,I’mgoingtothegrocerystore.CanIgetyousomething?A:Yes.Couldyougetmesomepotatoesandtomatoes?B:That’seasy.I’dbettergonow.Thegroceryclosesat5.ReadforFun

Iknowthefilmisonshow.

ThenameisRosesontheRoad.Myfellows,willyougo?Somesay“Yes”,somesay“No”.PoemCow,cow,Proudandbrown,Comedowntobemilked,Forthehungrytown.Song:SeasonsintheSunSingaSong

Youaremysunshine,my

onlysunshine,Youmakemehappywhenskiesaregray.You’llneverknow,dear,howmuchIloveyou.Pleasedon’ttakemysunshineaway.Theothernight,dear,asIlaysleeping,IdreamedIheldyouinmyarms.WhenIawoke,dear,Iwasmistaken.AndIhungmyheadandcried.Youtoldmeoncedear,ThatyoureallylovemeAndnooneelsecouldcomebetween,Butnowyouhaveleftme,Andyouloveanother,Youhaveshatteredallmydreams.爆破辅音/p/pea/t/tear/k/class/b/bee/d/dear/g/glassGood,better,best，循序渐进Neverletitrest，永不停止Untilgoodisbetter,好上加好Andbetterbest，精益求精摩擦辅音/f//v/fastfewleafproofsafesurfvast

viewleaveprovesaveserveHeworkshardasifheneverknew

fatigue.Itisverydifficultforustofinishitbeforefive.TonguetwistersFancyNancydidnotfancydoingfancywork.ButfancyNancy'sfancyauntiedidfancyNancydoingfancywork.Afleaandaflyflewupinaflue.

Saidtheflea,"Letusfly!"

Saidthefly,"Letusflee!"

Sotheyflewthroughaflawintheflue.Jumbledsentences

IfBettylaughs,heisn’tfree.IfPhillipslaughs,hegetsfrightened.IfGrandfatherflies,shelooksbeautiful.Ifyouwanttoeatfish,you’rethefirst.Ifyouneedinformation,itgetsfulloffat.Ifyoufryfood,they’rehelpful.Ifamanhasawife,helooksfunny.Ifyoufinishbeforetheothers,youneedaknife.摩擦辅音/s//z/busicelooseraceusedbuzzeyesloseraiseused摩擦辅音/θ//ð/thankthemethickbathbreathcloththanthesethisbathebreatheclothe舌位图/θ/&/ð//θ/Somethingisbetterthannothing.Thoseclothesaren’tworthanything.Atheaterisaplacewhereplaysorothersshowsareperformedonastage./ð/Hisfatherandmotherwentthroughthickandt