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01江苏南京卷2022年中考英语新材料仿真模拟押题A卷(满分90分,考试时间90分钟)语篇题目内容清单题目内容第二大题完形填空教育部表示将对体育课给予更多关注,逐步将其列为与语数同等重要的学科。第三大题阅读理解A篇2022年北京冬季奥运会上的一些新科技及其用途第三大题阅读理解B篇久坐的危害以及有关久坐的研究第三大题阅读理解C篇从正反两方面论述了疫情其间少出国旅游是否有好处。第三大题阅读理解D篇我国面临的男女性别比失衡的问题第四大题填空C选词填空本文作者先表达对中国控制疫情的赞赏,然后表达想要回到中国的心情。第五大题阅读填空A双减政策下孩子们的作业问题第五大题阅读填空B介绍第一个在中国空间站工作的中国女宇航员王亚平的相关情况。第六大题书面表达由苏翊鸣四岁生日礼物是父母在他四岁时送他的雪板谈礼物的意义选择题(共40分)一、单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下列各题,从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。1.—________May6,YiYangqianxiwontheBestNewActorAwardatHongKongFilmAwards.—Whatexcitingnews!A.In B.At C.On D.During【答案】C【解析】句意:——5月6日,易烊千玺荣获香港电影金像奖最佳新人奖。——多么令人兴奋的消息!考查介词辨析。in泛指一般意义的上午、下午或晚上以及月或年等较长的时间;at表示时间的某一点、某一时刻或年龄等;on表示星期几或某一特定的日期;during在……期间。May6五月六日,是一个具体的时间,需用介词on;根据句意语法,可知选C。2.________areyousolate?We’llalmostmisstheflight.Hurryup!A.What B.Where C.Why D.When【答案】C【解析】句意:你为什么这么晚?我们几乎赶不上飞机了。快点!考查特殊疑问句。What什么;Where在哪里;Why为什么;When什么时候。根据“We’llalmostmisstheflight.”可知,就快错过航班,因此问的是为什么晚了,有种责备的语气。故选C。3.Lindawillgotothethemeparkby______nextSunday.A.she B.her C.hers D.herself【答案】D【解析】句意:琳达下周将自己去主题公园。考查固定搭配。she

她;her她的;hers她的;herself她自己。空格前有介词by,结合选项,本题考查by+反身代词,意为“某人自己”,由于主语是Linda,主谓一致,所以用herself,故选D。4.—Mark’scar________acloudofdustashedroveoff.—That’swhywedislikehim.A.raised B.rose C.wasraised D.wasraising【答案】A【解析】句意:——马克开车走时,他的车扬起了一阵尘土。——这就是我们不喜欢他的原因。考查动词以及时态。raise升起,及物动词;rise上升,不及物动词。此空后接宾语acloudofdust,此空应填一个及物动词。根据“drove”可知,句子是一般过去时,动词用过去式,故选A。5.“Garbageclassification(垃圾分类)”,whichwillenterNanjingsoon,willmakeit_______forthecitizenstoenjoythegoodlivingenvironmentthanbefore.A.easy B.easier C.easily D.moreeasily【答案】B【解析】句意:垃圾分类将很快在南京实行,这将使市民能够比以前更容易地享受良好的居住环境。考查it作形式宾语。it作形式宾语的结构为:makeitadj.todosth.,todo是真正的宾语,而且这里的形容词是用来修饰这件事的,所以形容词而不是副词。而且后面有关键词than,因此需要用比较级,故选B。【点睛】it作形式宾语的结构:makeitadj./n.(forsb.)todosth.,谓语+形式宾语it+宾补+真正的宾语。可用于这个结构的动词有find,think,feel,make,believe,suppose等。6.—Hi,Jessica!I________youwereinNanjing.PeopletoldmeyouwereinShanghai.—Well,Icamebackjustonehourago.A.don’tknow B.didn’tknow C.haven’tknown D.won’tknow【答案】B【解析】句意:——嗨,杰西卡!我不知道你在南京。人们告诉我你在上海。——我一小时前才回来。考查时态辨析。四个选项都是否定式:A是一般现在时,B是一般过去时,C是现在完成时,D是一般将来时。本句是宾语从句,时态遵循主过从过;根据回答“Icamebackjustonehourago我一小时前才回来”,结合句意语境,可知“此前”不知道对方在南京,需用一般过去时,故选B。7.—Batteriescalled“whiteelephant”metitsWaterloointhemarketofEurope.—Europeanswon’tbeinterestedinit.Becauseawhiteelephantmeansathingthatisuseless,__________itmaycostalotofmoney.A.since B.unless C.if D.although【答案】D【解析】句意:——被称为“白象”的电池在欧洲市场遭遇滑铁卢。

——欧洲人不会对此感兴趣。因为“whiteelephant”意味着一件无用的东西,尽管它可能很值钱。考查连词。A.since自从;B.unless除非;C.if如果;D.although尽管。根据句意可知,空格处应填入意为“尽管、虽然”的连词。D选项符合句意,引导让步状语从句,故选D。【点睛】“whiteelephant”除了可意为“白象”之外,还有“无用的昂贵物品、华而不实的东西”之意。8.Whichofthefollowingpicturesmeans“Pleasedon’tmakeanynoise”?A. B. C. D.【答案】B【解析】句意:下面哪张图片的意思是“请不要制造任何噪音”?考查常识。A选项是“残疾人通道”;B选项是“保持安静”;C选项是“节约用水”;D选项是“”。B选项符合题意。故选B。9.—Chinesewomen’sfootballteamwontheAsiaCupagainafter16years.—Thatwasagreatmoment.I________thegameonTVallthetime.A.havewatched B.watched C.amwatching D.waswatching【答案】D【解析】句意:——中国女足时隔16年再次赢得亚洲杯冠军。——那是一个伟大的时刻。我一直在电视上看比赛。考查时态。根据“Chinesewomen’sfootballteamwontheAsiaCupagainafter16years.”可知女足得冠是发生过的事,根据“...allthetime.”可知比赛的时候,一直在看电视,指过去某一段时间一直在做的事,用过去进行时。故选D。10.FewerbabiesareborninChinatheseyears.Thisis________becausetoday’syoungpeoplehavedifferentideasaboutbeingparents.A.mainly B.closely C.hardly D.specially【答案】A【解析】句意:近年来中国出生的婴儿越来越少。这主要是因为现在的年轻人对于成为父母有不同的想法。考查副词辨析。mainly主要地;closely紧密地;hardly几乎不,表否定;specially特别地。根据句意语境,可知后面三项意思不合句意,故选A。11.MarieCurie

________radium,butEdison________thelightbulb.A.created;discovered B.discovered;inventedC.invented;discovered D.invented;created【答案】B【解析】句意:居里夫人发现了镭,但是爱迪生发明了电灯泡。考查动词词义辨析。create创造;discover探索、发现;invent发明。根据句意和常识,第一空后镭是本身就存在的,居里夫人是“探索发现”了镭元素,应该用discover;第二空后的电灯泡是原本不存在的,是由爱迪生“发明”的,应该用invent,故选B。【点睛】create,discover,invent是意义相近的几个动词,其区别在于:①create意为“创造、创作”,指产生出新的东西,其对象往往是精神上的,如艺术、文学作品中的人物及新的科学领域等;②discover意为“探索、发现”,指发现某种自然界本来已存在,但以前未被人类发现或认识的事物,如发现元素、石油、铁等矿藏以及新星、星系或科学真理等;③invent意为“发明”,指创造出原来自然界不存在的东西,如工具、汽车、电视、合成材料等。12.—Heoncetriedtomakeawithhisson,buttheboyavoidedhim.—It’swrongoftheboytoremainsilent.A.decision B.contribution C.vacation D.conversation【答案】D【解析】句意:——有一次,他试图和儿子谈话,但这个男孩避开了他。——这个男孩保持沉默是不对的。考查名词辨析。decision决定;contribution贡献;vacation假期;conversation交谈,谈话。根据“theboyavoidedhim”和“remainsilent”可知,此处应该是他想跟孩子进行交谈,makeaconversationwithsb.“与某人交谈”。故选D。13.—Iwonder________.—Sorry.Ihavenoidea,either.A.whichhotelAmystayedinMaldive B.whichsupermarketdoesTinaworkC.whomIshouldgototoaskforhelp D.whoJohniswaiting【答案】C【解析】句意:——我不知道该找谁帮忙。——对不起。我也不知道。考查宾语从句。此处含宾语从句,用陈述语序,排除B;A项应该是stayin+地点,缺少介词in,排除A;D项应该是waitfor,需要加介词for,排除D。故选C。14.—HowdoyoufindthedocumentaryDAVIDProfile(国宝档案).—________.Ican’tthinktoohighlyofit.A.Italldepends B.It’sreallywonderfulC.Nooneknowsforcertain D.Itisnotmycupoftea【答案】B【解析】句意:——你觉得纪录片《国家档案》怎样?——真的很棒。我再怎么高度评价都不为过。考查情景交际。Italldepends视情况而定。It’sreallywonderful真的很棒。Nooneknowsforcertain没人确切地知道。Itisnotmycupoftea非我所爱。根据“Howdoyoufindthedocumentary”可知是询问别人的看法,回答应进行评价;根据“Ican’tthinktoohighlyofit.”,可知是好的评价,“真的很棒”适合。故选B。15.—Thepriceofoilhaskeptrisingforweeks.I’llhavetosellourcarandflylikeabird!—_________.I’drathersellitandbuyahybridoneinstead.A.Asyoulike B.I’mstillnotsureC.Inyourdreams D.Takeitseriously【答案】D【解析】句意:——石油价格已经上涨了几个星期。我得把车卖了,然后像鸟一样飞走!——当真!我宁愿卖掉它,买一辆混合动力车。考查情景交际。Asyoulike随你的便;I’mstillnotsure我还不确定;Inyourdreams做梦去吧;Takeitseriously当真。根据句意“I’llhavetosellourcarandflylikeabird!...I’drathersellitandbuyahybridoneinstead”可知,说话人让对方认真对待这个事,故选D。二、完形填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。InQingdao,ShandongProvince,parentsofkidsfromamiddleschoolwereagainsttheschoolwhichappointed(任命)aphysicaleducationteacherasthe____16____.Thenews____17____awidediscussionamongInternetusers.“AreyoufororagainstyourPEteacher’sworkingasyourheadteacher?”Manyofthemshowedtheirsupport.Infact,paredwithteachersofothersubjects,PEteachersdon’thavetospendtoomanyhours____18____lessons.Withlesspressureinteaching,aPEteachercanputmore____19____intothemanagementoftheclass.Peoplealsoremindtheembarrassing(令人尴尬的)situationofPEclassesandPEteachers.Inthepast,writtenexamsweretheonlystandardtojudge(衡量)astudent.Studentsandparentsthoughtit’smoreimportanttogetbettergradesinother____20____.Onlywhenstudentsgothighmarksinthesesubjectscouldtheywenttoabetterschool.Sotheyweren’t____21____aboutPEclasses.Astimegoesby,suchasituationwill____22____anend.OnOct.16,2020,theMinistryofEducation(教育部)explainedthateveryteacherinaschoolwasfitforthejoboftheheadteacherandtheir____23____arenotonlyinthesubjectstheytaught.Accordingtotheirexperienceasteachers,headteachersnotonlyteachtheirownsubject,butalsoprovidehelpforotherteachersandkeepclassesrunning____24____.TheministryalsosaidthatmoreattentionwouldbepaidtoPElessons,andthesubjectwouldgraduallybe____25____asmuchimportanceasChineselanguageormath.16.A.teacher B.headteacher C.policeman D.doctor17.A.wentto B.addedto C.ledto D.connectedto18.A.making B.showing C.preparing D.going19.A.care B.task C.efforts D.project20.A.subjects B.instructions C.services D.operations21.A.excited B.curious C.sure D.serious22.A.ewith B.eto C.eacross D.eup23.A.differences B.similarities C.relations D.connections24.A.quickly B.certainly C.fast D.smoothly25.A.reached B.sent C.given D.explained【短文分析】本文主要讲山东青岛一中学让体育老师当班主任,遭到家长反对,引发社会关注。【答案解析】16.B句意:在山东省青岛市,一所中学的学生家长反对学校任命体育老师为班主任。teacher老师;headteacher班主任;policeman警察;doctor医院。根据“AreyoufororagainstyourPEteacher’sworkingasyourheadteacher?”可知是反对任命体育老师为班主任。故选B。17.C句意:这一新闻引发了网民的广泛讨论。wentto去;addedto增加;ledto引发;connectedto与……相连接。根据“awidediscussion”可知新闻引发了议论。故选C。18.C句意:事实上,与其他学科的老师相比,体育老师不必花太多的时间备课。making制作;showing显示;preparing准备;going去。根据“PEteachersdon’thavetospendtoomanyhours...lessons”结合常识可知体育老师备课时间更少。故选C。19.C句意:体育教师的教学压力较小,可以把更多的精力投入到班级的管理中。care关心;task任务;efforts气力,努力;project项目。根据“Withlesspressureinteaching”可知体育老师教学压力小,能把更多精力放在班级管理上。故选C。20.A句意:学生和家长认为在其他科目上取得更好的成绩更重要。subjects科目;instructions说明;services服务;operations运作。根据“togetbettergrades”可知是在除体育外的其他科目中取得更好地成绩。故选A。21.D句意:所以他们对体育课不认真。excited兴奋的;curious好奇的;sure确定的;serious认真的,严肃的。根据“Onlywhenstudentsgothighmarksinthesesubjectscouldtheywenttoabetterschool.”可知是想要在其他学科取得好成绩,不认真对待体育课。故选D。22.B句意:随着时间的推移,这种情况将会结束。ewith伴随……发生;eto达到;eacross偶遇;eup走进。etoanend“完成,结束”,固定搭配。故选B。23.A句意:2020年10月16日,教育部解释说,学校里的每一位教师都适合班主任的工作,他们的差异不仅仅在于他们所教的科目。differences差异;similarities相似之处;relations关系;connections联系。根据“inthesubjectstheytaught”结合常识可知所教的科目不同,此处指老师们存在的差异。故选A。24.D句意:根据他们作为教师的经验,班主任不仅教授自己的学科,还为其他教师提供帮助,使课堂顺利运行。quickly快地;certainly当然;fast快地;smoothly顺利地。根据“keepclassesrunning”可知此处指使课堂顺利进行。故选D。25.C句意:教育部还表示,将对体育课程给予更多关注,并逐步将其列为与语文或数学同等重要的学科。reached达到;sent发送;given给予;explained解释。根据“TheministryalsosaidthatmoreattentionwouldbepaidtoPElessons”可知将给体育课更多关注,由此推出此处是被给予同等重要性。故选C。三、阅读理解(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)请认真阅读下列材料,从材料后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。ACoolTechnologiesatBeijing2022WinterOlympicsDriverlessminibusWalkinsideShougangIndustrialPark,youcanseedifferentkindsofdriverlesscars.Whenyoufeeltired,youcangetinadriverlessminibus.Whenyoufeelhungry,youcanbuyfoodfromadriverlesscarstore.InspectionrobotTherobotcanrecognizepeoplewithinfivemeters.Itwillautomaticallywalkovertoapersonwhoisnotwearingamaskandadvisehimorhertowearone.Also,therobothasacontactlesshanddisinfectiondeviceonitshead.SmartBandAidPeoplecanwearthisthermometer(体温计)ontheirarms.Itlookslikeabandage.Userscanchecktheirbodytemperaturethroughanappontheirsmartphones.Ifsomeonegetsafever,thethermometerwillreportit.DisinfectionrobotInWukesongSportsCenter,thereisarobotnamedXiaobai.Whileworking,therobotspraysafogofdisinfectant(消毒剂)throughitsheadfan.Onerobotcancover1,000squaremetersandworkforfourtofivehoursonasinglebatterycharge.26.________canadvisepeopletoweartheirmasks.A.Driverlessminibus B.InspectionrobotC.SmartBandAid D.Disinfectionrobot27.Howcanpeoplechecktheirbodytemperature?A.Throughanapponthephones. B.Bygettinginadriverlessminibus.C.Throughabatteryintherobot. D.Bywearingabandageontheirarms.28.WhatcanDisinfectionrobotdo?A.Recognizepeoplewhogetahighfever.B.BuyfoodforworkersinWukesongSportsCenter.C.Sprayafogofdisinfectantthroughitsheadfan.D.Sweep1000squaremetersadayinShougangPark.【短文分析】本文讲述2022年北京冬季奥运会上的一些新科技及其用途。【答案解析】26.B细节理解题。根据表格“Inspectionrobot”及“Itwillautomaticallywalkovertoapersonwhoisnotwearingamaskandadvisehimorhertowearone”可知,监控机器人可以建议人带上口罩。故选B。27.A细节理解题。根据表格“Userscanchecktheirbodytemperaturethroughanappontheirsmartphones”可知,人们可以通过上的应用程序监测自己的体温。故选A。28.C细节理解题。根据“therobotspraysafogofdisinfectantthroughitsheadfan”可知,消毒机器人可以通过头顶的风扇喷洒消毒剂。故选C。BWe’veknownthatsittingforlongperiodsoftimeeverydayhascountlesshealthconsequences(后果),likeahigherriskofheartdisease.Butnowanewstudyhasfoundthatsittingisalsobadforyourbrain.Astudypublishedlastweek,conductedbyDr.PrabhaSiddarthattheUniversityofCalifornia,showedthatsedentary(久坐不动的)behaviorisrelatedtoreducedthicknessofthemedialtemporallobe(中颐叶),abrainareathatiscriticaltolearningandmemory.Theresearchersaskedagroupof35healthypeople,aged45to70,abouttheiractivitylevelsandtheaveragenumberofhourseachdayspentsittingandthenscannedtheirbrains.Theyfoundthatthesubjectswhoreportedsittingforlongerperiodshadthethinnestmedialtemporallobes.Itmeansthatthemoretimeyouspendinachair,theworseitisforyourbrainhealth,resultinginpossibledamagetolearningandmemory.Whatisalsointerestingisthatthisstudydidnotfindasignificantrelationbetweenthelevelofphysicalactivityandthicknessofthisbrainarea,suggestingthatexercise,evensevere(剧烈的)exercise,maynotbeenoughtoprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.Itthensurprisinglyturnedoutthatyoudon’tevenhavetomovemuchtoimprovecognition(认知);juststandingwilldothetrick(获得成功).Forexample,twogroupsofsubjectswereaskedtopleteatestwhileeithersittingorstanding.Participantswereaskedtonamethecolor,liketheword“green”inblueink.Subjectsthinkingontheirfeetbeatthosewhosatby3milliseconds.Thecognitiveeffectsofseverephysicalexercisearewellknown.Butthepossibilitythatstandingmoreandsittinglessimprovesbrainhealthcouldlowerthestandardforeveryone.Iknow,thisallrunscounterto(与……背道而驰)receivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous“TheThinker”,seatedwithchinonhishand.Theywerewrong.Youcannowallstandup.29.WhatcanweinferfromParagraph3andParagraph4?A.Sedentarybehaviorwillpossiblydamageourbrain.B.Severeexercisecangreatlyimproveourbrainhealth.C.Brainhealthhasnothingtodowithsedentarybehavior.D.Severeexercisecanprotectyoufromtheharmfuleffectsofsitting.30.Whatisthereceivedideaaboutdeepthought?A.Weshouldstandwhilethinking.B.Sittingisbetterwhenwethink.C.Moreexercisecanimprovecognition.D.Sittingmoreisgoodforourmentalhealth.31.Thepassagemainlytellsus_______.A.peopletendtositwhiletheyarethinkingB.physicalexercisecanimproveourbrainhealthC.standingmoreandsittinglesscanmakeourbrainhealthierD.sedentarybehaviorwillincreasethethicknessofthemedialtemporallobe【短文分析】本文介绍了久坐的危害以及有关久坐的研究。【答案解析】29.A细节理解题。根据“Theyfoundthatthesubjectswhoreportedsittingforlongerperiodshadthethinnestmedialtemporallobes.”可知久坐会让大脑的中颐叶变薄,因此久坐可能会破坏我们的大脑。故选A。30.B细节理解题。根据“Iknow,thisallrunscountertoreceivedideasaboutdeepthought,fromourgradeschoolteachers,whotoldustositdownandfocus,toRodin’sfamous‘TheThinker’,seatedwithchinonhishand.”可知之前我们接受有关深思的观点都是坐着思考。故选B。31.C细节理解题。根据“Butthepossibilitythatstandingmoreandsittinglessimprovesbrainhealthcouldlowerthestandardforeveryone.”可知多站少坐会改善大脑健康。故选C。C1Withholidaysabroadonhold,staycationmightbepopular.2In2019,12.2billion(十亿)passengersflewonplanesaroundtheworld.In2021,itwasdownto6.6billion.Whatwillthatnumberbein2022ifpeoplecan’ttravelfreelytoothercountriesbecauseofCOVID19?Somepeoplesaytheyhavemoretimeandagreaterinterestinnatureandtheworldthat’sclosertothem.Otherscan’twaittotravelabroadtoexperiencedifferentcultures.Whatdoyouthink?Isitgoodtotravelabroadless?3Yes!It’sbetterforthecountryandtheplanet.4First,it’sbetterforthecountryifpeoplestaywheretheyliveandspendmoneywithlocalbusinessesandonlocalfamousplaces.Andthereissomuchtoexperienceandenjoyinthecountry,wedon’tneedtogoabroad.COVID19isagoodexcusetostayput.Third,sincepeoplestoppedflyingsomuch,theworldaroundushashadachancetobreathe.Airpollutionisdownandwaterqualityisup.Let’sallowtheEarthtobreathesomemore.5No!Foreigntravelopensupthemind.6Travelingoverseasopensupthemindtonewpeople,placesandcultures.Ifyougoabroad,yougetafreshmind.Besides,theweatherisareasontoo.Forexample,theUKdoesnothaveenoughsunlight,whichisimportantforpeople’sphysicalandmentalhealth.Oneofthegreatprivilegesoflivinginthe21stcenturyisthatwecanseedifferentculturesandmeetallkindsofpeople,isn’tit?32.WhatisTRUEaboutParagraph4?A.Thisparagraphlistsfourreasons.B.Itisgoodforthelocalbusinesstoflyabroad.C.Noflyingismuchbetterfortheenvironment.D.Wecan’ttraveleverywherebecauseofCOVID19.33.WhydoesParagraph6mentiontheUK?A.It’sgoodtotravelintheUK. B.It’snecessarytotravelabroad.C.PeopleintheUKenjoysmuchsunshine. D.Travelingcanopenupthemind.34.Theunderlinedword“privilege”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans________.A.advantage B.result C.traveling D.style35.Thebesttitleofthepassageabovemightbe________.A.LessTravel.LessPollution B.Let’sTravelAbroadC.StopTravelingbecauseofCOVID19 D.IsLessForeignTravelaGoodThing?【短文分析】本文介绍了在COVID19病毒疫情影响下,随着海外度假被搁置,居家度假可能会流行起来,并从正反两方面论述了少出国旅游是否有好处。【答案解析】32.C细节理解题。根据原文“Third,sincepeoplestoppedflyingsomuch,theworldaroundushashadachancetobreathe.”可知,自从人们减少飞行,世界得以喘息,空气污染下降,水质提升,所以没有飞行对环境更好,选项C正确。故选C。33.B细节理解题。根据原文“Besides,theweatherisareasontoo.”,此外,天气也是一个原因,可知去国外旅行是有必要的。故选B。34.A词义猜测题。本段是介绍国外旅行的好处,根据该句后半部分“…wecanseedifferentculturesandmeetallkindsofpeople…”我们能看到不同的文化和遇到不同的人,可推测前半句是说住在21世纪的好处,推测privileges是好处的意思,advantage“优势、优点”符合语境。故选A。35.D标题归纳题。综合分析全文,本文主要从正反两个角度讨论了少出国旅游是否有好处。故选D。DThere’sbadnewsfortheparentsofChineseboys.After2021,whenteenageboysentertheir20s,atleast10percentofthemwillfinditdifficulttomarryawife.Accordingtothesixthnationalpopulationsurvey,therearealready33.76millionmoremalesthanfemalesinChina.Thegenderratioatbirthisashighas115.9:100.Thismeansthatthereare115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls.Thisratioisstillgrowingandmaybe118.9:100by2022.Thiscanleadtoanunsafesociety.Withevery1percentriseinthegenderratio,therewouldbe6percentmoreviolentcrimes.AccordingtotheUN,thereareonly21nationsorareasthathavemorewomenthanmen.RussiaisoneofthembecausemanymalesdiedinWorldWarⅡ.SincethentherehavebeenmorewomenthanmeninRussia.However,mostcountries,includingChina,havemoremales.Theexpertsexplainedthereasons.Ingeneral,menmakemoremoneythanwomenanditresultsinaculturaltraditionofpreferringboystogirls.Tochangethissituation,kidsneedbebettereducatedongenderequality,expertssuggest.Buttheyalsosaythereisstillalotmoreworktodo.36.Theunderlinedwords“genderratio”mightmean________inChinese.A.人口比例 B.性别比例 C.人口分布 D.性别分布37.Accordingtothepassage,theratio118.9:100meansthatthereare________.A.118.9babygirlsforevery100babyboys B.115.9babygirlsforevery100babyboysC.118.9babyboysforevery100babygirls D.115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls38.In________,therearemorewomenthanmen.A.China B.theUN C.Russia D.mostcountries39.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.It’sdifficultforeveryChinesemantomarryawifeafter2020.B.Chinawillbeeadangerouscountryafter2020.C.MostcriminalsinChinaaremeninsteadofwomen.D.ThesituationofgenderimbalanceinChinaisserious.40.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthat________.A.duringtheWorldWarⅡ,mostofthesoldiersweremenB.mostofwomenmakemoremoneythanmeninChinaC.it’seasytochangethegenderimbalanceinChinaD.everyoneprefersboystogirlsinChina【短文分析】本文是一篇说明文。阐述了我国面临的男女性别比失衡的问题。具体介绍了目前我国男女性别比例,和造成失衡的原因及影响,也在最后阐明解决这个问题还需要我们做大量的工作。【答案解析】36.B词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句“Thegenderratioatbirthisashighas115.9:100.”中的“115.9:100”可知主语的意思应是“比例”。而由其上句可知中国的男性比女性多3376万,阐述的是性别问题,故选B。37.C细节理解题。根据“Thegenderratioatbirthisashighas.Thismeansthatthereare115.9babyboysforevery100babygirls.Thisratioisstillgrowingandmaybe118.9:100by2022.”可知115.9:100的意思是有每100个女婴就有115.9个男婴,而这个比例到2022年会上升到118.9:100,即每100个女婴就有118.9个男婴。故选C。38.C细节理解题。根据第二段“AccordingtotheUN,thereareonly21nationsorareasthathavemorewomenthanmen.RussiaisoneofthembecausemanymalesdiedinWorldWarⅡ.”可知只有21个国家和地区女性的数量超过男性,而俄罗斯就是其中之一。故选C。39.D细节理解题。根据第一段“After2021,whenteenageboysentertheir20s,atleast10percentofthemwillfinditdifficulttomarryawife.”可知,2021之后,当青少年步入成年之后至少有10%的人发现娶到妻子是困难的。而且从下文可知,男女失衡的比例还在上升,所以我国的这一问题十分严重。故选D。40.A推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“RussiaisoneofthembecausemanymalesdiedinWorldWarⅡ.SincethentherehavebeenmorewomenthanmeninRussia.”可知,俄罗斯有更多的女性是因为二战期间许多男性丧生,由此推测二战期间大多数士兵是男性。故选A。非选择题(共50分)四、填空(共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分)A)请根据括号中所给的汉语写出单词,使句子意思完整正确。41.Suddenlytheoldwomanstoppedbecauseshesawthe________(陌生人)face.【答案】stranger’s【解析】句意:突然,老妇人停了下来,因为她看到了陌生人的脸。stranger“陌生人”,是名词,此处应用其所有格形式修饰后面名词,故填stranger’s。42.Youcanalwaysfindyourdaughtera_________(活泼的)girl.【答案】lively【解析】句意:你总能发现你的女儿是个活泼的女孩。根据中文提示可知,lively“活泼的”,形容词作定语,故填lively。43.Sheaccidentally________(跨步)onmyfootandsaidsorrytome.【答案】stepped【解析】句意:她不小心踩了我的脚,向我道歉。根据提示词“跨步”可知,是动词step,此处作谓语;根据“said”可知,此句为一般过去时态,step的过去式为双写p加ed。故填stepped。44.Wehaveagrowing________(人口)inthisareaandweneedmorefood.Let’splantmorecrops!【答案】population【解析】句意:这个地区的人口在增长,我们需要更多的食物。让我们种更多的庄稼吧!根据中文提示可知,population“人口”,结合“a”可知,需要一个名词单数,故填population。45.Themagicdietis________(广泛地)believedtoprotectagainstanumberofcancers.【答案】widely【解析】句意:人们普遍认为这种神奇的饮食可以预防多种癌症。根据“believed”可知,需要一个副词修饰动词,结合中文提示,widely“广泛地,普遍地”符合句意。故填widely。B)请根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。46.“Theloveandhelpfromthesekindpeoplewillneverbe________(forget).”theboysaidtothereporter.【答案】forgotten【解析】句意:“这些善良人们的爱和帮助永远不会被忘记。”男孩对记者说。主语与动词forget之间是被动关系,故此处应填过去分词与be构成被动语态,forget的过去分词是forgotten,故填forgotten。47.Look!_________(simple)clickonit,andyoucanlearnaboutthehistoryofthismuseum.【答案】Simply【解析】句意:看!只点击它,你就可以了解这个博物馆的历史。simple“简单的”,是形容词,修饰动词click,用副词,位于句首,开头字母大写,故填Simply。48.ItiswidelybelievedthatChineseastronauts_______(land)ontheMoononeday,won’tthey?【答案】willland【解析】句意:人们普遍认为中国宇航员终将会有一天登上月球,不是吗?该句为反义疑问句,根据后面的否定疑问“won’tthey”可知,前半部分用肯定陈述,时态用一般将来时,即willland。故填willland。49.YangZhenning,inhis________(ninety),wasonthelistofthe2021TouchingChinaannualpeople(感动中国年度人物).【答案】nineties【解析】句意:杨振宁,在他九十多岁时,被提名为2021年度感动中国年度人物。表示某人几十多岁这样的约略年龄,用“inone’s+逢十的基数词的复数(如tens,twenties,thirties等)”来表达。ninety的复数形式为nineties。故填nineties。50.Kidswereremindedtotakesomemoneywith________(they)beforetheschooltrip.【答案】them【解析】句意:孩子们被提醒在学校旅行之前要带钱。根据“Kids”可知是复数概念,句子表达“他们”,介词“with”后用人称代词的宾格“them”。故填them。C)请根据短文内容,从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,使短文内容完整正确。for

able

because

interested

rapidlyThetopicIammost____51____inis“COVID19pandemicpreventionandcontrolmeasures”.Ithinkthisisimportant____52____otherpandemicscoulde.Itcouldtakeatoll(造成损失)ontheeconomy.Sobeingawareanddealingwithpandemicsareveryimportant.Chinahasdoneagreatjobcontrollingthepandemicsofarandmakingsureitdoesn’tspread____53____.MyparentsmovedtoChina____54____workseveralyearsago.WelivedinBeijing,China,togetherasafamily.Ilovedlivingthere.Iamlookingforwardtobeing____55____togobacktoChina.【短文分析】本文作者先表达对中国控制疫情的赞赏,然后表达想要回到中国的心情。【答案解析】51.interested句意:我最感兴趣的话题就是“新冠肺炎的预防和控制措施”。beinterestedin表示“感兴趣”,此空为形容词作表语。故填interested。52.because句意:我认为这很重要,因为其他传染病会来。根据“...otherpandemicscoulde.”可知空后是空前的原因,用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。53.rapidly句意:到目前为止,中国已经在控制疫情方面做得很好,保证它不会快速传播。此空为副词修饰动词,rapidly表示“快速地”。故填rapidly。54.for句意:我父母很多年前搬来中国工作。根据“work”可知此处指为了工作,用介词for。故填for。55.able句意:我期待能够回到中国。beableto表示“能够”。故填able。五、阅读填空(共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)A)请认真阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案填写在横线上。Youmaythinkkidsaregettingmorehomeworkthaneverbefore.Ifso,thinkagain.AnewstudyreleasedbyBrookings’BrownCenteronEducationPolicyshowsthattoday’sstudentshavenomorehomeworkthantheirparentsdidwhentheywereinschool.NumerousarticlesandreportsoverthepastfewdecadeshavesuggestedAmerica’sschoolsareoverloadingkidswithmoreandmorehomework.ButtheBrookingsstudyarguestheopposite:homeworkloadshavenotchangedoverthepast30years.Thestudy’sauthor,TomLoveless,reviewedsurveystakenbykidsandparentsabouthowmuchhomeworkyoungstudentshave.Theresultsshowedthatthetypicalelementarystudenthas3045minutesofhomeworkeachnight.Theaveragehighschoolerhasaboutanhour.Thesenumbershaveremainedthesamesince1984.InasetofguidelinespublishedbytheNationalParentTeacherAssociation(PTA),theamountoftimestudentsshouldspentonhomeworkistheirgradelevelmultipliedbytenminutes.Forexample,athirdgradershouldhave30minutesofhomework,afifthgrader50minutes,andsoon.Loveless,whowasasixthgradeteacherinthe1980s,saysthissystemhasstayedconsistentintothe21stcentury.Onechangethatoccurredoverthepastthreedecades,however,isamong9yearolds,theaverageageofathirdgrader.In1984,more9yearoldshadnohomeworkatall,versustoday.“What’shappenedis,therewereanumberofkidsatage9whohadnohomeworkin1984,butnowthatnumberdoeshavesomehomework,”LovelesstoldTFK.“Thoughitisalittleamountofwork,itisstillanincreaseintheamountoftimespentonhomeworkforthirdgraders.”Homeworkisanimportantpartofastudent'seducation.Someteachersarguethathomeworkprepareskidsforstatetestsandforcollege.Theyworrythatalighterhomeworkloadwillputkidsatadisadvantage.“Homeworkhasbenefitsthatgowellbeyondwhat’sgoingoninschool,”saysHarrisCooper,aUniversityofMissouripsychologyprofessorwhohasstudiedhomework’seffectontestscores.Kidslearntobeorganized,managetheirtimeandmasternewskillswithoutateacher’shelp.Teachersgivetworeasonsforassigningalotofhomework.First,theysay,thegovernmentnowrequiresschoolstomeethigherthaneverachievementgoalsforstudents.Second,theyknowmanyparentswanttheirchildrentobeabletogetintothenation’sbestcollegesanduniversities.Theseparentsbelievehomeworkisawaytoensurestudentsarelearningattheirfullcapacity.Peoplewhofavorhomeworkarguethatitcanhavemanyotherbeneficialeffects.Theyclaimitcanhelpstudentsdevelopgoodstudyhabits,andrecognizethatlearningcanoccurathomeaswellasatschool.TitleTooMuch__56__?TraditionalthoughtKidsinAmericaareoverloadedwith__57__homework.The__58__ofanewstudyHomeworkloadsnowremainthe__59__astheyhad30yearsago.InformationabouthomeworkOnaverage,theelementarystudent__60__3045minutesonhomeworkeachnight.Butthethirdgradersin1984had__61__homeworkthantheyhavenow.The__62__ofhomeworkHomeworkprepareskidsforstatetestsand__63__college.Homeworkhelpskidsbeorganized,managetimeandmasternewskills.It’s__64__

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