2024-2025学年高中英语Module1DeepSouthFunctionandGrammar课时作业含解析外研版选修8

Module1DeepSouthⅠ.阅读理解Bytheendofthecentury，ifnotsooner，theworld'soceanswillbebluerandgreenerthankstoawarmingclimate，accordingtoanewstudy.Attheheartofthephenomenonlietinymarinemicroorganisms(海洋微生物)calledphytoplankton.Becauseofthewaylightreflectsofftheorganisms，thesephytoplanktoncreatecolourfulpatternsattheoceansurface.Oceancolourvariesfromgreentoblue，dependingonthetypeandconcentrationofphytoplankton.Climatechangewillfuelthegrowthofphytoplanktoninsomeareas，whilereducingitinotherspots，leadingtochangesintheocean'sappearance.Phytoplanktonliveattheoceansurface，wheretheypullcarbondioxide(二氧化碳)intotheoceanwhilegivingoffoxygen.Whentheseorganismsdie，theyburycarboninthedeepocean，animportantprocessthathelpstoregulatetheglobalclimate.Butphytoplanktonarevulnerabletotheocean'swarmingtrend.Warmingchangeskeycharacteristicsoftheoceanandcanaffectphytoplanktongrowth，sincetheyneednotonlysunlightandcarbondioxidetogrow，butalsonutrients.StephanieDutkiewicz，ascientistinMIT'sCenterforGlobalChangeScience，builtaclimatemodelthatprojectschangestotheoceansthroughoutthecentury.Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswouldoccur.Themodelprojectsthatcurrentlyblueareaswithlittlephytoplanktoncouldbecomeevenbluer.Butinsomewaters，suchasthoseoftheArctic，awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton，andtheseareaswillturngreener.“Notonlyarethequantitiesofphytoplanktonintheoceanchanging，”shesaid,“butthetypeofphytoplanktonischanging.”Andwhydoesthatmatter？Phytoplanktonarethebaseofthefoodweb.Ifcertainkindsbegintodisappearfromtheocean，Dutkiewiczsaid,“itwillchangethetypeoffishthatwillbeabletosurvive.”Thosekindsofchangescouldaffectthefoodchain.Whatevercolourchangestheoceanexperiencesinthecomingdecadeswillprobablybetoogradualandunnoticeable，buttheycouldmeansignificantchanges.“It'llbeawhilebeforewecanstatisticallyshowthatthechangesarehappeningbecauseofclimatechange，”Dutkiewiczsaid，“butthechangeinthecolouroftheoceanwillbeoneoftheearlywarningsignalsthatwereallyhavechangedourplanet.”本文是一篇说明文。调查表明，由于气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。1．Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?A．Thevariouspatternsattheoceansurface.B．Thecauseofthechangesinoceancolour.C．Thewaylightreflectsoffmarineorganisms.D．Theeffortstofuelthegrowthofphytoplankton.答案：B解析：段落大意题。文章第一段点题：由于气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿。其次段介绍由于光从生物体反射的方式，这些浮游植物在海洋表面形成了五彩缤纷的图案；气候变更又使得这些浮游植物在某些区域加速生长而在其他地方有所削减，导致海洋表面的颜色变更。由此可知前两段讲了海洋颜色变更的缘由，故B项正确。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“vulnerable”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Sensitive. B．Beneficial.C．Significant. D．Unnoticeable.答案：A解析：词义揣测题。后一句提到，气候变暖变更了海洋的主要特点并能影响浮游植物的生长，因为它们要生长不仅仅须要阳光和二氧化碳，也须要养分。由此可知，这些浮游植物对海洋变暖很敏感，故A项正确。3．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Phytoplanktonplayadecliningroleinthemarineecosystem.B．Dutkiewicz'smodelaimstoprojectphytoplanktonchanges.C．Phytoplanktonhavebeenusedtocontrolglobalclimate.D．Oceanswithmorephytoplanktonmayappeargreener.答案：D解析：推理推断题。由文章第四段信息“Butinsomewaters，suchasthoseoftheArctic，awarmingwillmakeconditionsriperforphytoplankton，andtheseareaswillturngreener.”可知浮游植物多的区域海水会变得更绿，故D项正确。4．Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toassesstheconsequencesofoceancolourchanges.B．Toanalysethecompositionoftheoceanfoodchain.C．Toexplaintheeffectsofclimatechangeonoceans.D．Tointroduceanewmethodtostudyphytoplankton.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。文章主要论述了随着气候变暖，全球的海洋将会变得更蓝、更绿，即气候变更对海洋有影响，故C项正确。Ⅱ.语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Onceuponatimetherewasagreatman.Hehadabrightand__1__(cheer)littlegirlandthemanlovedherverymuch.When__2__littlegirlwasgrowingup,themanwouldhugherandtellher,“Iloveyou,littlegirl.”Thelittlegirlwouldshoutandsay，“I'mnotalittlegirlanymore.”Thenthemanwouldlaughandsay，“__3__tome,you'llalwaysbemylittlegirl.”Thelittlegirl,__4__wasnotlittleanymore,lefthomeandwentintotheworld.__5__shewent,themanwouldcallherandsay,“Iloveyou,littlegirl.”Onedaythegirlreceivedaphonecall,__6__(say)themanwasill.Hecouldn'ttalkanymoreandtheyweren'tsurewhetherhecouldunderstandthewords__7__(speak)tohim.Thelittlegirlsatnext__8__thegreatman.Tearsranfrombothoftheireyes.Herheadonhischest,sherememberedthewonderfultimestogetherandthe__9__(protect)fromhim.Andthensheheardfromwithintheman,thebeatofhisheart.Hisheartbeatoutthewordsthathismouth__10__nolongersay—Iloveyou,littlegirl.1．cheerful解析：考查词性转换。依据“and”可知，它前后两词词性要一样；由“bright”可知，此处用形容词cheerful。2．the解析：考查冠词。此处用定冠词the特指上文提到的小女孩。3．but解析：考查连词。由语境可知，小女孩不情愿父亲说自己还小，但在父亲的眼里，她恒久都是小孩。上下文构成转折关系，因此用but。4．who解析：考查定语从句。依据先行词“Thelittlegirl”可知，此处用关系代词who引导非限制性定语从句，并在从句中作主语。5．Wherever解析：考查让步状语从句。依据“went”可知，无论她走到哪里，爸爸总是给她打电话说爱她。此处用Wherever，意为“无论在哪儿”。6．saying解析：考查非谓语动词。依据语境可知，有人打电话告