新高考英语二轮复习题型专练10 社会生活类阅读理解(原卷版)

高考英语二轮复习题型专练（新高考）10社会生活类阅读理解【命题意图】阅读理解从能力的角度来讲，考查学生运用英语的能力，具体地说，就是通过阅读有关文章提取有用信息的能力。【考试方向】社会生活类阅读文章在高考中的出现频率较高。它涉及人们衣、食、住、行等方面的社会万象、生活经历、饮食、饮食与健康、休闲与娱乐、旅游、生态旅游、服装、住房等等内容。这类文章同学们读起来感觉轻松，试题做起来也比较得心应手。在高考阅读理解题中，这类文章属搭配类材料，所以，它的命题多数属于中低等难度的送分题，如事实细节题、计算题、识坚题等。遇到这类文章时，我们一定要抓住得分机遇，尽量不要失分。【得分要点】读这类文章要特别注意做好事实细节题。对于细节试题，同学们要先从题干中找到关键性词语，然后采用略读或跳读，快速在文章中寻找相关细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，细心比较所给选项与文中细节的区别，在准确理解了细节的前提下，最终确定最佳答案。具体解题步骤如下：1.读题干：阅读题干，发现关键词和起主导作用的内容。一般情况下，问题出现的前后顺序与文章中细节和事实出现的先后顺序是一致的。2.找细节：阅读文章内容，寻找与题干相符合的具体细节。要注意的是，对作者使用的同义词或与之相关的词语和句子千万不能忽略。3.巧答题：根据前两步所得到的信息回答问题。阅读问题所给的四个选项，检查文中的细节与哪一项相符。当题干中有诸如“NOT”或“except”时，同学们一定要特别小心，力求在文章中找到相关的有力证据。【真题再现1】【2020·新高考全国卷I（山东），C】Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.8.WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A.Hisfriends'invitation. B.Hisinterestinthecountry.C.Hisloveforteaching. D.Hisdesiretoregainhealth.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A.Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B.TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C.WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.DWritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.10.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?A.Romantic. B.Eventful. C.Pleasant. D.Dangerous.11.Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A.Tointroduceabook. B.Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C.Torememberawriter. D.Torecommendatraveldestination.【答案】8.B9.D10.B11.A【解析】文章讲述了Bissell写的《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》这本书。这本书是Bissell在乌兹别克斯坦做志愿者后写的，是对乌兹别克斯坦人生活的一个快速观察。8.细节理解题。根据第一段的”Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry.hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAraSea”可知，几年后，Bissell仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章。因此推断出对这个国家的兴趣让Bissell先生再次返回乌兹别克斯坦。故选B。9.词句猜测题。划线句是第二段首句，that用来指代上文提的事情，因此推断that指代第一段的内容，根据第一段最后一句”Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea(几年后，仍然被这个国家所吸引。他回到乌兹别克斯坦写了一篇关于咸海消失的文章)”可知，that指代写了一篇关于死海消失的文章这件事，故选D。10.推理判断题。根据第三段”ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬礼)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.”可知，在乌兹别克斯坦的旅途中，MrBissell既体会到了友善和温暖，也看到了社会的黑暗面。在撒马尔罕，MrBissell欣赏到了的建筑奇观。在前往布哈拉的路上，他因为被怀疑进行毒品交易，他尝到了警察的伎俩。在费尔干纳，他参加了一个山区葬礼，然后参加了一个奇怪的酒会。在卡拉卡尔帕克斯坦，他为沙尘暴、疾病和被困在数英里外的渔船而难过。由此可知，在旅途中，他经历了很多事情。结合选项，B选项(充满事件的，多事的)可以表达此意。故选B。11.推理判断题。文章第一段提到书的作者的乌兹别克斯坦之行，引出他写的书，接下来三段讲述了他的书《追逐大海:迷失在中亚帝国的幽灵》的故事内容，是乌兹别克斯坦生活的一个快速观察。因此推断本文的写作目的是介绍一本书。故选A。【真题再现2】【2020年7月·浙江卷，A】Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright(剧作家)hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility(多面性)oftheshortplay,Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,PaulGreen,SusanGlaspell,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,WilliamSaroyan,andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.Togetthemostoutofreadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim(变暗).Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.21.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays. B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor. D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.22.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?A.Statingtheplays’centralideas. B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.C.Includingvarioustypesofplays. D.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.23.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?A.Controltheirfeelings. B.Applytheiractingskills.C.Usetheirimagination. D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.24.Whatisthistext?A.Ashortstory. B.Anintroductiontoabook.C.Aplayreview. D.Anadvertisementforatheater.【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.B【解析】文章主要介绍了作者的书籍的序言部分，包括其编写目的，书籍内容主体，以及如何实现有乐趣的阅读本书的建议。21.细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“…andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers”可知，作者编辑这本书的最好的原因是希望与他人分享对戏剧的热情，因此可知作者对于戏剧饱含热情。故选B项。22.细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.”可知，作者并不想指出这本书中每一部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧以及剧作家的有效性的乐趣。A项“Statingtheplays’centralideas(陈述戏剧的中心思想)”与原文表达信息一致。故选A项。23.细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“Togetthemostoutofthereadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.”可知，作者建议读者试着想象戏剧在舞台上上演，不再是读者而是成为观众，才能实现最佳的阅读乐趣。C项“Usetheirimagination”与原文“trytopicturetheplayonthestage”表达信息一致。故选C项。24.推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers”可知，该句内容应是书籍的“自序”内容，且结合末尾“Togetthemostoutofthereadingtheseplays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.”可知，在讲述如何更好地实现阅读乐趣，再结合全文内容可推知，作者通过该文章介绍自己的一本书。故选B项。【题型演练】1AntForest,agreeninitiativebytheworld’sleadingpaymentandlifestyleplatformAlipay,receivedthe“U.N.ChampionsoftheEarth”award,theUN’shighestenvironmentalhonor.ItwasgiventoAntForestformotivatinghalfabillionpeopletoadoptaneco-friendlyandgreenerlifestyle,greatlycontributingtoecologicalprotectionwiththehelpofdigitaltechnology.Alipayachievedthisbyinspiringitsuserstodoenvironmentally-friendlythings,suchaswalking,usingpublictransportation,goingpaperlessintheofficeandmoretoearn“greenenergypoints”.Thesepointscanthenbeusedtowaterandgrowtheirownvirtualyoungtrees.Afterthevirtualyoungtreeshavegrownuponline,AntForestwillplantrealtreessomewhereinChina.ThenumberofAntForestusershasreached350million,reducing3milliontonsofcarbondioxide.“Suchprogramsarequiteattractivetome.Ifeelsatisfiedtoseearealtreeplantedjustbydoingsomesimplethingssuchasridingbicyclesandbuyingticketsonline,”saidaninterviewee.ThisinitiativeofAntForestisinlinewiththeChinesegovernment’sstrategyofa“GreenEconomy”.Thecountryistakingaggressiveactionsinexpandingitsgreencoverage.Now,itseffortsarepayingoff,withimprovedbiodiversityandahealthiereconomicgrowth.Rareanimalspecieshavebeenspottedandforestparksarenowpopularattractionsoftourism.Theplanetisatacriticalpointwhichcouldresultinnaturaldisasters.Itseemsclearthatunlessgovernments,businessesandpeopleformafocusedteam,it’sdifficulttostopglobalwarming.Fortunately,AntForestshowsthatitispossibletomakejointeffortswhilerelyingondigitaltechnology.Andmoreinitiativesareusingtechnologytocontributetoasustainablefutureoftheplanet.1.WhatwasAntForestgiventheawardfor?A.Itbringsconveniencetopeople’slives.B.Itisrunbytheworld’sleadingpaymentplatform.C.Ittechnicallyassistsmanypeopletoprotectecology.D.Ithasmadethegreatestcontributiontoglobaldevelopment.2.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.HowAlipaymakesprofits.B.HowAntForestiscarriedout.C.Whatalow-carbonlifeislike.D.WhyAlipaytakesuptheinitiative.3.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.350millionpeoplehaveplantedrealtrees.B.Promotingtourismcanhelpsaveanimals.C.Chinakeepsabalancebetweeneconomyandecology.D.TheexpansionofgreencoveragemainlyresultsfromAntForest.4.HowdocsAntForestcontributetothesustainablefuture?A.Bycriticizingnaturaldisasters.B.Bystoppingtheglobalwarming.C.Byprovidingaplatformtomakejointefforts.D.Byencouragingpeopletodonatemoneytoplanttrees.2Onenightin1966,MichaelChapmanrushedintoafolk-musicclubinCornwall,Englandtogetoutoftherain,andsoonfoundhimselfonstageplayingtheguitar.“Theyofferedmeajobtoplayfortherestofthesummer.AndI’vebeenplayingeversince,”Chapmansays.“I’vetoldthatstorysomanytimes,butit’sabsolutelytrue.Ifithadn’tbeenrainingthatnight,Iwouldn’tbetalkingtoyou.”TheBritishguitarplayerhasspentthe50yearssincethenontheroad.Hereleasedsomepraisedalbumsinthe1970s,buthishealthwentdownhillinthe80sand90s.LikealotofBritishartistsinthe1960s,ChapmantaughthimselftoplaytheguitarbylisteningtoAmericanjazzandbluesrecords.Chapmanactuallytaughtphotography,butquitwhenhewas26toplaymusicfulltime.Whenhewasstartingout,hewasoftencomparedtootherBritishacousticguitarheroesofthetime,likeJohnMartynandBertJansch.“ThefascinatingthingaboutMichaelChapmanisthathedoesn’tfitinwiththoseguysofhisgeneration,”saysAndrewMale,amusicjournalist.“He’salwaysbeenanoutsider.HenevermovedtoLondon.”AndwhileheneverbecamepartoftheLondonmusicscene,Chapmanwasnoticedbythosemusicians.“The70scaughtupwithhiminthe80s,”Malesays.“Hehadahugeheartattackattheendofthe80sthatnearlyfinishedhimoff.Whenhemadehiswaybackintotheworldintheearly90s,peoplehadforgottenabouthim.”Butnoteveryone.AyoungergenerationofmusiciansinAmerica,includingThurstonMooreofSonicYouthandayoungersingerandguitaristnamedSteveGunn,recentlyrediscoveredChapman.“WewantedtocaptureMichael’svoiceandcharacterwhereheisnow.Youknow,it’salittleroad-weary,buthestillhasit,”Gunnsays.“Forme,itwasreallyimportanttogetthatright.”“He’stherightoldmusicianforpresenttimes,”Malesays.“Ithinkthemusichemakesseemsquiteintunewithwherewe’reat.”5.WhichcanbestdescribeMichaelChapman’sfirstinvolvementinmusic?A.Untrue. B.Accidental. C.Unfortunate. D.Reasonable.6.WhatcanwelearnaboutMichaelChapmanfromthetext?A.Hehastaughtphotographyfor26years.B.HetaughthimselftoplaytheguitaranddidfarbetterthanJohnMartyn.C.Tosomedegree,heisnotacceptedbyotherpeopleofhisgeneration.D.Heisoneofthebestguitarplayersintheearly90s.7.WhydidMichaelChapmanquithismusiccareeronce?A.Helosthisspecialvoice. B.Hesufferedfromasevereheartattack.C.Hegottiredofcompetingwithothers. D.Hewasalmostforgottenbyeveryone.8.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheRiseandFallofGuitarMusic B.TheSadStoryofaGuitarMusicianC.ANewGenerationHelpsanOldGuitarMusician D.ABriefIntroductiontoaGuitarMusician3Chinaisoneofthefirstcountriestobreedamedicalculture.IncomparisonwithWesternmethods,traditionalChinesemedicine(TCM)adoptsavastlydifferentapproach.Forthousandsofyears,Chinesepeoplehaveaccumulatedrichexperienceinfightingallsortsofdiseases,thereforeformingauniquemedicaltheoryundertheguidanceofancientChinesephilosophies(哲学).ThecorebehindTCMisthatthehumanbody'slifeistheconsequence(结果)ofthebalancebetweenYinandYang.Yangfunctionstosafeguardusagainstouterharm,andYinistheinnerbasetostoreandprovideenergy.Whenthebalancebetweenthetwoaspectsisdisturbed,peoplefallill.OneofthetraditionaltechniquesofTCM,acupuncture(针刺疗法)meansinsertionofneedlesintosuperficial(表面的)structuresofthebody—usuallyatacupoints(穴位)—torestoretheYinYangbalance.Itisoftenaccompaniedbymoxibustion(艾灸疗法),whichinvolvesburningmugwortonorneartheskinatanacupoint.ThefirstknowntextthatclearlytalksaboutsomethinglikeacupunctureandmoxibustionasitispracticedtodayisTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanon.ItistheearliestandmostimportantwrittenworkofTCMandisconsideredthefundamentalandmostrepresentativemedicaltextinChina.Acupunctureandmoxibustionhavearousedtheinterestofinternationalmedicalsciencecircles.AndTCMisgraduallygainingworldwiderecognition.TheWHOissuedadocumentin2002thatappealedtomorethan180countriestoadoptTCMasanalternativeintheirmedicalpolicies.In2010,acupunctureandmoxibustionoftraditionalChinesemedicinewereaddedtotheRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanitybytheUNESCO.Presently,TCMhasbeenbackinthenewsforitseffectivenessinimprovingthecurerateoftheCOVID-19sinceitsoutbreakinJanuary2020.9.WhatisthekeyfeatureofTCM?A.Itadoptsdifferentmedicalapproaches. B.It'sbasedonancientChinesephilosophies.C.Ithelpstorestorebody'sself-balance. D.It'sgainedexperiencethroughrichpractice.10.WhatcanwelearnaboutTheYellowEmperor'sInnerCanonfromthetext?A.Itdistinguishesacupuncturefrommoxibustion.B.It'safoundationofworldmedicalresearch.C.itstressestheimportanceofusingacupoints.D.ItgreatlycontributestothedevelopmentofTCM.11.Whydoesthewriterwritethistext?A.ToreviewthedevelopmentofTCM. B.TointroduceTCMtotheworld.C.TotellTCMandWesternmedicineapart. D.ToargueforTCMinfightingCOVID-19.12.Whatmightbetalkedaboutintheparagraphfollowingthetext?A.HowTCMhelpsinthecurrentsituation. B.WhyTCMisgainingpopularity.C.WhyTCMgetsrecognitionfromWHO. D.HowothercountriesadoptTCM.4ItgoeswithoutsayingthatmanyWesternweddingcustomsarecompletelydifferentfromthoseofAsiancultures.SomearesorootedinhistorythatmanyWesternershavenoideawhethertheyevenexist.Traditionally,Junehasbeenthemostpopularmonthforpeopletogetmarried.OnereasonisthatJune1wasthedateofanancientRomanfestivalcelebratingthemarriageofthegodJupiterandhiswifeJuno.Anotherreasonwilllikely.astonishyou.Centuriesago,takingabathwasnotascommonasitistoday.Somepeopletookabathonlyonceayear,typicallyinMay.SinceJunewasatimemostweddingguestswouldnotbetoosmelly,thatmonthwaspreferred.Anotherweddingcustomisforthebrideto"wearsomethingold,somethingnew,somethingborrowed,andsomethingblue."Havingsomethingoldissaidtoprotectthenewlyweds'futurebaby,whilethenewitemshowsoptimismforthefuture.Meanwhile,somethingborrowedismeanttobringgoodluck,andsomethingblueisapromiseofbeingfaithful.Lesserknownisthefactthatthebrideisalsosupposedtohaveasixpenceinhershoeforprosperity(兴旺)。Interestingly,inSweden,bridesaregiventwocoinsbeforegettingmarried-onegoldfromhermotherandtheothersilverfromherfather-alsotoputinhershoes.ThesefascinatingcustomsshowjusthowimportantcertainweddingtraditionsareinWesterncultures.Theconceptofthe“whitewedding”，inwhichthebridewearsawhiteweddingdress,isafamiliarone.Itisthought,mistakenlythough,thatthisisatraditionthatdevelopedinancienttimesandoriginatesfromthebeliefofwhitebeingasymbolofpurity.Actually,thecustomofbrideswearingthiscolordatesbacklessthan200yearsandisattributedtotheweddingofQueenVictoria.Thequeen'schoiceofwhiteforherweddingwasunusualforthetimeasothercolors,especiallyred,weremuchmorecommon.AfternewsofVictoria'shighlypublicizedweddingtoPrinceAlbertspread,notjustaroundtheUnitedKingdom,buttoothernationsincludingtheUnitedStates,womenbeganfollowinginherfootstepsandwearingwhitedressesattheirweddingceremonies.WithwhitebeingthechoiceofapowerfulroyalfigurelikeQueenVictoria,thecolorbecameassociatedwithwealth.nobility.andthefashion-conscious.13.Basedonthetext,JunehasbeenapopularmonthtogetmarriedprobablybecauseA.QueenVictoriamarriedPrinceAlbertinJuneof1840B.JuneisthemonthinwhichRomansrecallthesoulofgodsC.somepeopledidn'ttakeabathbeforeMayinancienttimesD.itisconsideredtobetheluckiesttimeofyeartogetmarried14.Whichofthefollowingweddingcustomsissaidtoprotectanunbornchild?A.Wearingsomethingold.B.Wearingsomethingblue.C.Wearingashoewithacoininit.D.Wearingsomethingborrowed.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthe"whitewedding"mentionedinthepassage?A.Thewhiteweddingdressisasymbolofpurityandnobility.B.RedratherthanwhitewasoncepopularinEnglishweddings.C.QueenVictoriaworewhiteinthehopeofbreakingoldcustoms.D.Thecustomofthewhiteweddingstartedthousandsofyearsago.16.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthetext?A.Routinesofmarriageceremonies.B.Highlightsoftraditionalweddings.C.Reflectingonoldtraditions.D.Exploringwesternweddingcustoms.5Britishbeerandpubsarefamousaroundtheworld.Thingsarechanging,however.IsthistheendofagreatBritishtradition?Forthousandsofyears,averyimportantbuildinginanyBritishvillagehasbeenthepub.Infact,untilaplacehasapub,itisnotreallyconsideredacommunityworthyofaname.Traditionally,thepubisattheheartofanyvillageortown,sinceitiswherepeoplegathertosocializeandexchangenews.ItisaninstitutionattheheartofBritishsociety.Afterall,theword“pub”isactuallyshortfor“publichouse”.Asaresult,Britishpubsareoftenoldandwellpreserved.Manyofthemhavebecomehistoricsitesthattouristsvisit.ManyBritishpubshavenamesreferringtomonarchs,suchasTheKing'sHeadorTheQueenVictoria,butofcoursethisdoesn'tmeantheyareonlyforkingsandqueens.Pubshavealwayswelcomedpeoplefromallclassesandpartsofsociety.Onacoldnight,thepubbosscanalwaysfindawarmplaceforcustomersbythefire.Thereisalwayshonestandheartyfoodandplentyofdrinkavailableatanaffordableprice.That'showitusedtobe,butthereareworryingsignsthatthingsarebeginningtochange.Economicdownturns,governmentalausteritymeasuresandculturalchangesarecausingmanypubstogooutofbusiness.Peopledonothavealotofsparemoneytospendonbeer.Ontopofthat,in2007smokingwasbannedinallpublicindoorspaces,includingpubs,whichmayalsohaveaffectedthenumberofcustomersgoingtopubssincethen.Thisdeclineishappeningdespitethefactthatpubsarenowallowedbylawtostayopenafter11p.m..Inordertosavetheirbusinesses,pubsaretryingtodiversifytoattractnewcustomers.Andwithvarious“savethepub”campaigns,therearesignsthatpeoplearegatheringaroundpubstosupportthisgreatBritishinstitutionwithpride.17.WhyareBritishpubsoftenold?A.BecausetheBritishwanttoattracttourists.B.Becausethebirthofacommunityoftenresultsfromapubinit.C.Becausetheyarewherepeoplesocializeandexchangenews.D.BecausetheyfollowinthetraditionofBritishkingsandqueens.18.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“monarchs”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Emperors. B.Bosses. C.Specialtourists. D.Ordinarypeople.19.Whatcausesmanypubstoclosedown?A.Culturaldifferences. B.Economicdecline.C.Changesinopeninghours. D.Regulationsagainstdrinking.20.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthefutureofBritishpubs?A.Conservative. B.Skeptical. C.Hopeless. D.Objective.6Formanyyears,schoolchildrenintheUShavebeentakenon“fieldtrips”toculturalinstitutionssuchasmuseumsofart.Educatorsarrangetheminthebeliefthatschoolsexistnotonlytoteacheconomicallyusefulskills,butalsotoproducecivilizedyoungpeoplewhoappreciatetheartandculture.Whilethereareparentswhowilltaketheirchildrentoculturalplacesintheirfreetime,thereareplentyofotherchildrenwhowillneverhavethiskindofopportunityunlessschoolsofferit.Soyoucouldsaythattakingschoolstudentsonfieldtripsisameansofgivingeveryoneequalaccesstotheirculturalheritage.However,theattitudetowardsfieldtripsinrecentyearsischanging,withthenumberoftoursorganizedforschoolgroupsfallingsignificantlyinmuseumsallaroundthecountry.Themostobviousreasonistheissue