2025届高考英语二轮复习各题型分项专练-七选五31-45科教科普类含解析

2024高考二轮复习各题型分项专练——七选五60篇（31˜45）科教科普类31、依据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。WhyDoWeGetAngry?

Angerseemssimplewhenwearefeelingit,butthecausesofangerarevarious.Knowingthesecausescanmakeusexamineourbehavior,andcorrectbadhabits.Themainreasonswegetangryaretriggering(触发)events,personalitytraits(特征),andourassessmentofsituations.①__________

Triggeringeventsforangeraresomanythattodescribethemallwouldtakehundredsofpages.However,herearesomeexamples:beingcutoffintraffic,adeadlineapproaching,experiencingphysicalpain,andmuchmore.②__________Thereasonwhysomeoneistriggeredbysomethingandothersarenotisoftenduetoone’spersonalhistoryandpsychologicaltraits.

Eachperson,nomatterwhotheyare,haspsychologicalimbalances.Peoplewhohavepersonalitytraitsthatconnectwithcompetitivenessandlowupsettolerancearemuchmorelikelytogetangry.③__________Also,sometimespre-angerdoesnothavetodowithalastingcondition,butratheratemporarystatebeforeatriggeringeventhasoccurred.

④__________Sometimesevenroutineoccurrencesbecomesourcesofpre-anger,orangeritself.Sometimesignoranceandnegative(消极的)outlooksonsituationscancreateanger.

⑤__________However,angercaneasilyturnviolent,anditisbesttoknowthereasonsforangertoappearinordertopreventitspresence.Withthesemainreasonsinmind,wecanevaluateourlevelofangerthroughoutthedayandpreventcasesofoutburstsbycomprehendingthereasonsforourfeelings.A.Ourattitudeandviewpointonsituationscancreateangerwithinusaswell.B.Butsometypesofsituationscanhelpustogetridoftheoccurrenceofanger.C.Angerisrarelylookeduponasabeneficialcharactertrait,andisusuallyadvisedtoreduceit.D.Angerisaparticularlystrongfeelingandmaybepeoplethinkthattheyhavereasonstofeelangry.E.Havingthesepersonalitytraitsimpliesthepre-angerstate,whereangerisinthebackgroundofyourmind.F.Understandingthesereasonswillcontrolourownangerifwearewillingtoevaluateourselveswithacriticaleye.G.Noteveryoneactsthesameinresponsetoevents,andthatiswhywhattriggersonepersonmayormaynottriggeranother.32、依据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出正确答案,。选项中有两项为多余选项

Muchmeaningcanbeexpressedclearlywithoureyes,soitisoftensaidthateyescanspeak.

①__________.Inabusyoumaylookatastranger,butnotfortoolong.Andifhesensedthatyouarestaringathim,hemayfeeluncomfortable.

Thesameistrueinourdailylife.Ifyouarestaredatformorethannecessary,youwilllookatyourselfupanddowntoseeifthereisanythingwrongwithyou.②__________.Eyesdospeak,right?

Lookingtoolongatsomeonemayseemtoberudeandaggressive.③__________.Ifamanstaresatawomanformorethan10secondsandrefusestolookawayfromher,hisintentionsareobvious.Hewishestoattractherattention,andletherknowthatheisadmiringher.

However,whentwopersonsareengagedinaconversation,thespeakerwillonlylookintothelistener’seyesfromtimetotimetomakesurethatthelistenerdoespayattentiontowhattheformerisspeaking.④__________.Ifaspeakerlooksatyoucontinuouslywhenspeakingasifhetryingtocontrolyou,youwillfeelembarrassed(尴尬).Apoorliarusuallyexposeshimselfbylookingtoolongatthevictim.Hewronglybelievesthatlookingstraightintheeyeisasignofhonestcommunication.⑤__________.Actually,eyecontactshouldbemadebasedonspecificrelationshipandsituation.A.Onthecontrary,itwillgivehimaway.B.Doyouhavesuchakindofexperience?C.That’swhatnormaleyecontactisallabout.D.Actually,continuouseyecontactislimitedtoloversonly.E.Afterall,everybodylikestobestaredatforquitealongtime.F.Butthingsaredifferentwhenitcomestostaringattheoppositesex.G.Ifnothinggoeswrong,youwillfeelannoyedatbeingstaredatthatway.33、依据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出正确答案,。选项中有两项为多余选项Secretcodes(密码）keepmessagesprivate.Banks,companies,andgovernmentagenciesusesecretcodesindoingbusiness,especiallywheninformationissentbycomputer.

Peoplehaveusedsecretcodesforthousandsofyears.①Codebreakingneverlags(落后）farbehindcodemaking.Thescienceofcreatingandreadingcodedmessagesiscalledcryptography.

Therearethreemaintypesofcryptography.②Forexample,thefirstlettersof“Myelephanteatstoomanyeels”spelloutthehiddenmessage“Meetme.”③Youmightrepresenteachletterwithanumber,forexample.Let’snumberthelettersofthealphabet,inorder,from1to26.Ifwesubstituteanumberforeachletter,themessage“Meetme”,wouldread"135520135."

Acodeusessymbolstoreplacewords,phrases,orsentences.Toreadthemessageofarealcode,youmusthaveacodehook.④Forexample,“bridge”mightstandfor“meet”and,“out”mightstandforf,me.MThemessage“Bridgeout”wouldactuallymean“Meetme.”⑤However,itisalsohardtokeepacodebooksecretforlong.Socodesmusthechangedfrequently.

A.Itisveryhardtobreakacodewithoutthecodebook.

B.Inanylanguage,somelettersareusedmorethanothers.

C.Onlypeoplewhoknowthekeywordcanreadthemessage.

D.Aslongastherehavebeencodes，peoplehavetriedtobreakthem.

E.Youcanhideamessagebyhavingthefirstlettersofeachwordspellitout.

F.Withacodebook,youmightwritedownwordsthatwouldstandforotherwords.

G.Anotherwaytohideamessageistousesymbolstostandforspecificlettersofthealphabet.34、请从以下选项(A、B、C和D)中选出符合语境的选型,并在答题卡上将答案填写在相应位置。选项中有两项是多余选项。3WaystoMakeResponsibilityFunHereare3greatwaystoteachyourchildresponsibilitywhilestillhavingfun:CaringforapetI'veheardmanyparentssaytotheirkids,"Now,ifyougetthiscat,I'mnotgoingtotakecareofit.Youhaveto!"Thisisanunreasonableexpectationforsmallchildrenandsetsthemupforfailure.①______Instead,whenyourchildgetsapet,acceptthatyouwillhavetocareforthepettoo.Picktwoorthreefunpettasksthatyourchildcando.②

______Ifyourchildseesyouarecarefullycaringforyourpets,you'llbeteachinghimhowtolookafterthem!Andyouwon'thavetodothatanymore!VolunteerworkforchildrenChildrenneedvolunteerjobsthatusetheirskillsandallowthemtoseethepositiveresultsoftheiractions.③______Thiscanbeaneye-openingexperiencethatencourageshimtohelpothers.④______Manyparentsrefusetorewardtheirchildren.Butthetruthisthatrewardsworkwhenyouencourageresponsiblebehaviorinyourkid.Childrenunder10usuallycan'tunderstandideaslikesocialresponsibility.Olderkidsalsobenefitfromrewardsbecausetherewardmeansthatpeoplenoticetheirexcellentbehavior.⑤______Soitisimportanttohelpyourchildgrowintoahealthyandresponsiblememberofsociety.A.RewardsforkidsB.LiveyourliferesponsiblyC.Childrenloverepeatingthethingsadultsdo.D.Giveyourkidachancetoexplainhisactions.E.Withoutpersonalresponsibility,societycan'tbehealthy.F.Also,itteacheschildrenthatcaringforpetsisadifficulttask.G.Volunteerworkteachesyourchildthatnoteveryonehasthethingshehas.35、依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项Kidsmaybeyoungandsmall.

①__________

Therearelotsofeasywaystoteachyourkidsabouttheirresponsibilitytotheearth.Makerecyclingasortinggamewithyourkids.

②__________Sortingteacheskidsaboutsizes,shapes,similaritiesanddifferences.Turnrecyclingintoabrain-buildinggamebysettingasideallyourrecyclablematerials.Turnoffthetapwhenbrushingteeth.Saveupto8gallonsofwateradayperpersonsimplybyturningoffthetapwhileyouandyourkidsbrushyourteethinthemorningandatnight!

③__________

Tohelpyoungkidsunderstandtheimportanceofwater,havethemthinkofallthewaystheyusecleanwatereveryday,likedrinking,cooking,andbathing.Iftheyunderstandtheconnections,theywillbemorelikelytoremembertoturnoffthetapwhiletheybrushtheirteeth.④__________

There'sprobablynobetterwaytoshowthewonderofnaturebyhavingyourchildplantaseedandwatchitgrow.Ifyoulike,tryplantingflowerseedsinthefrontyardorfruit-bearingplantsinthebackyard.Yourfamilycanenjoyanorganic,homegrownharvestthatyourchildcanbeproudof.Spendtimeinnature.

⑤__________

Therearemanygreatthingsyoucandooutsidelikeplayingsports,takingyourdogforawalk,goingtothebeachorplanninganoutdoorgamewiththeneighborhoodkids.Notonlywilltheearthloveyourbeingoutside,butyou'llfeelgreatplayingoutinthefreshair!A.

Plantsomethingasafamily.B.

Bringhomemadefoodstoschool.C.

However,theycanhelpsavetheenvironment!D.

Thinkaboutthesavingsonyournextwaterbill.E.

Themorewekeepourearthclean,thehappierwewillbe.F.

InsteadofwatchingTVorplayingindoors,whynotgooutsidetoplay?G.

Whenchildrenlearntosort,theyareactuallylearninganimportantmathsskill.36、依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

It’snaturaltogreetfriendswithasmileandawave.

①__________

Butwhathappensifyourfaceandbodysendmixedmessages?Wouldsomeonebemorelikelytobelievethelookonyourfaceorthewayyouholdyourbody?

Scientistshaverecentlytackledthesequestions.Theyfoundthatwhenapersonislookingatyourface,shemightnotbelievewhatsheseesifyourbodylanguagedoesn’tmatchthefeelingthatyourfaceshows.

②__________

Previously,theyhadfoundthatthetoneofaperson’svoicecanbemoreimportantthanthewordsthatarespoken.Forexample,mostpeopletendnottobelieveapersonwhosaysinaflatvoice,“I’msoexcited.”

Whenitcametoemotionsconveyedbyfacialexpressionsandbodylanguage,mostscientistssuspectedthatthefacewasmoreimportant.Totestifthiswastrue,psychologistsfromtheNetherlandsandBostonshowedpeopleanumberofpicturesofisolated(孤立的)facesandisolatedbodies(withfacesblurredout(模糊的))thatshowedangerorfear.

③__________

Anangryfacehadloweyebrowsandtightlips.Ascaredfacehadhigheyebrowandaslightlyopenmouth.

④__________

Ascaredbodyhadarmsforwardandshoulderssquare,asifreadytodefend.

Theseresultstoldtheresearchersthatmixedsignalscanconfusepeople.Evenwhenpeoplepayattentiontotheface,bodylanguagesubtly(微妙地)influenceswhichemotiontheyread.

⑤__________

Ifyouwanttobeunderstood,ithelpstoavoidsendingmixedmessages.A.Studyingsuchmixedmessagesisnothingnewforscientists.B.So,yourbodylanguageisimportantfortellingpeoplehowyoufeel.C.Scientistsfeelnewtostudythemixedmessagethatconfusespeople.D.Anangrybodyhadarmsbackandshouldersatanangle,asifreadytofight.E.Bodylanguagecansometimesbemisunderstoodindifferentculturebackgrounds.F.Whenyoudothis,yourfaceandbodyworktogethertoshowyourfriendsthatyou’rehappytoseethem.G.Theyalsoshowedpicturesinwhichangryorscaredfaceswerepairedwithangryorscaredbodies37、依据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出正确答案,。选项中有两项为多余选项。EmpathyLastyear,researchersfromtheUniversityofMichiganreportedthatempathy,theabilitytounderstandotherpeople,amongcollegestudentshaddroppedsharplyoverthepast10years.①Today,peoplespendmoretimealoneandarelesslikelytojoingroupsandclubs.

JenniferFreed,aco-directorofateenprogram,hasanotherexplanation.TurnontheTV,andyou'reshoweredwithnewsandrealityshowsfullofpeoplefighting,competing,andgenerallytreatingoneanotherwithnorespect.②

Therearegoodreasonsnottofollowthosebadexamples.Humansaresociallyrelatedbynature.③Researchershavealsofoundthatempatheticteenagersaremorelikelytohavehighself-respect.Besides,empathycanbeacureforloneliness,sadness,anxiety,andfear.

Empathyisalsoanindicationofagoodleader.Infact,Freedsays,manytopcompaniesreportthatempathyisoneofthemostimportantthingstheylookforinnewmanagers.④“Academicsareimportant.Butifyoudon’thaveemotional(情感的)intelligence,youwon’tbeassuccessfulinworkorinyourlovelife,”shesays.

What’sthebestwaytoupyourEQ(情商)?Forstarters,letdownyourguardandreallylistentoothers.⑤

Toreallydevelopempathy,you’dbettervolunteeratanursinghomeorahospital,joinacluborateamthathasadiversemembership,havea“sharingcircle”withyourfamily,orspendtimecaringforpetsatananimalshelter.

A.Everyoneisdifferent,andlevelsofempathydifferfrompersontoperson.

B.Thatcouldbebecausesomanypeoplehavereplacedfacetimewithscreentime,theresearcherssaid.

C.“Onedoesn’tdevelopempathybyhavingalotofopinionsanddoingalotoftalking,”Freedsays.

D.Humanslearnbyexample—andmostoftheexamplesonitareanythingbutempathetic.

E.Empathyisamatteroflearninghowtounderstandsomeoneelse—bothwhattheythinkandhowtheyfeel.

F.Goodsocialskills—includingempathy—areakindof“emotionalintelligence”thatwillhelpyousucceedinmanyareasoflife.

G.Havingrelationshipswithotherpeopleisanimportantpartofbeinghuman—andhavingempathyisdecisivetothoserelationships.38、依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。Whatisyourfavoritecolor?Doyoulikeyellow,orange,red?①__________Doyouprefergraysandblues?Thenyouareprobablyquiet,shy,andyouwouldratherfollowthanlead.Youtendtobepessimist.Atleast,thisiswhatpsychologiststellus,andtheyshouldknow,becausetheyhavebeenseriouslystudyingthemeaningofcolorpreference,aswellastheeffectthatcolorshaveonhumanbeings.

②__________Ifyouhappentolovebrown,youdidso,assoonasyouopenedyoureyes,oratleastassoonasyoucouldseeclearly.

③__________Ayellowroommakesmostpeoplefeelmorecheerfulandmorerelaxedthanadarkgreenone;andareddressbringswarmthandcheertothesaddestwinterday.④__________AblackbridgeovertheThamesRiver,nearLondon,usedtobethesceneofmoresuicidesthananyotherbridgeintheareauntilitwasrepaintedgreen.Thenumberofsuicideattemptsimmediatelyfellsharply.Perhapsitwouldhavefallenevenmoreifthebridgehadbeendoneinpinkorbabyblue.⑤__________Itisanestablishedfactthatfactoryworkersworkbetter,harder,andhavefeweraccidentswhentheirmachinesarepaintedorangeratherthanblackorgray.A.Ontheotherhand,blackisdepressing.B.Theroomsarepaintedindifferentcoloursasyoulike.C.Lifeislikeapictureorapoem,fullofdifferentcolours.D.Coloursdoinfluenceourmoods一thereisnodoubtaboutit.E.Lightandbrightcoloursmakepeoplehappier,moreactiveandmoreproductive.F.Ifyoudo,youmustbeanoptimist,aleader,oranactivepersonwhoenjoyslifeandexcitement.G.Theytellusthatwedon’tchooseourfavouritecolouraswegrowup—wearebomwithourpreference.39、依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Teacherslovetoputstudentsintoteams.①__________Why?Becausetheyknowtheresponsibleteammemberswillcomethroughforagoodgrade.

Ifyouareteamedupwithastudentwhoislazy,theworstthingyoucandoisletitgetyoudown.②__________anditmightcreateapositivechangeinyourpartner!

Trythesetipsforworkingwithaslacker(懒虫).

●Beexcitedandprovideagoodexample.Yourslackermaybeagoodpersonwhohasdevelopedbadworkhabits.Youmaybeabletoteachyourpartnersomevaluableskillsforasuccessfulfuture.

●Thinkrewards!③__________Forinstance,youcouldpromisetomakecupcakesforthenextworkmeetingandencourageyourpartnertobringagoodsnack.

●Makesometimetositwithyourpartnerandestablishasetofworkrulesanddeadlines.Don’tquarrel,though.Makeitclearthatyouwouldliketoestablishrulestokeepyoubothontrack.④__________Keeparecordofyourrules,yourinitialmeetings,andyourwork.Whenitbecomesobviousintherecordsthatyou’redoingallthework,talkwiththeslacker.⑤__________A.Don’tlettheangerandpaindefeatyou.B.Comeupwithagreatrewardformeetingsomegoal.C.Instead,takesomestepstoencourageyourpartnertowork.D.Unavoidablyoneormorememberswilltrytodonothing.E.Startoutbygivingyourpartneracleartaskwithadeadline.F.Showhim/hertheevidenceandsuggestheorshepickupthepace.G.Thinkaboutthefutureandthefactthatyouaregoingtoberewarded.40、依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Newresearchhelpstoexplainwhyscreamingisdisturbinganduseful.Screams,likethosewehearinhorrormovies,haveaspecialqualitythatseparatesthemfromothernoiseswemakeandhear.Thesescreamsarerecognizedbypeopleallovertheworld.①_______“Everykidineveryculturescreams.Everyadultinthecontextofatruefearrespondswithscreams.Soit'sjustafeatureofthehumanmindandbrain．”DavidPoeppelisaneuroscientistatNewYorkUniversity.Hewonderedwhyscreamswererecognizedthesamewaybypeopleallaroundtheworld.So,heandhiscolleaguessetupanexperiment.Theyrecordedscreamsfrommoviesandfromvolunteerswhotookpartintheresearch.②_______Instead,theymeasuredhowquicklythesoundsinthescreamchangedinvolume.Itwasinthisarea-thechangeinvolumethatscreamsstandapartfromothersounds.Whenthevolumeofasoundchangesthatquicklyithasaqualitycalledroughness.“③_______DavidPoeppelandhisteamfoundthatcaralarms,sirens,andalarmclocksalsohavethisquality,thisroughness.”Thescientiststhenstudiedhowthis“roughness”changedbrainactivity.TheyaskedthevolunteerstolistentodifferenttypesofscreamsandalarmsinanMRIscanner,Theresearchersfoundthatthegreater“roughness”ofasound,themoreitactivatestheamygdala.④_______“Theamygdalaactslikeagaugethatsays‘wow,thissoundhasalotofroughnessinit;that’sparticularlyalarmingandscary.’”Screams,itturnsout,areadirectlinktothepartofourbrainthattellsuswhetherweshouldbeafraidornot⑤_______.Now,weknowwhyascream..getssomuchattention,Soquickly.A.Peoplewhoheartheseroughsoundsarealsomorelikelytoreacttothemveryquickly.B.Peopleofallculturesandlanguageshearthesamethinginascream:fear.C.Ascreamistosay‘I’mintroubleandIneedhelp.’D.Theamygdalaisanareadeepinthebrainthatanswerstofear.E.Themoreroughnessasoundhas,themoreworryingitisF.ScreamsplayedaveryimportantevolutionaryroleinoursurvivalG.hescientists,however,didnotmeasurethescreamsforloudnessorpitchgatheringwithinyou.41、依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。InastudyrecentlypublishedinthejournalNeuron,researchersfoundthatsupermemorizersdon’thaveunusuallylargebrainregionsthatallowthemtorememberalotofinformation.①______Hereareafewoftheirfavoritetricksthatcanhelptorememberthingsineverydaylife.ToRemember:Newwords

Technique:Changeroutine

Inastudy,agroupofstudentsstudiedalistofwordsintwoseparatesessions.Somestudiedinamessyroomandsomeinaneatspace.Onegroupofstudentsspentbothsessionsinthesameroom,whiletheothersplitthesessionsbetweenthetwoenvironments.Duringatest,thestudentswhostudiedinmultipleplacesrememberedmuchmore.②______Thatincludesthetimeofday,themusicinthebackground,whetheryousitorstand,etc.ToRemember:YourPINTechnique:Countitout

Youcoulduseyourbirthday,oryourphonenumber,butidentitythieveshaveawayoffiguringthosenumbersout.ThentrythetipfromDominic,aneight-timeWorldMemoryChampion.③______Forinstance,“ThisismyPIN”=4223.ToRemember:FacesTechnique:Focusonnoses

Whilesomesupermemorizersspecializeinassociatingnameswithfaces,thememory-palacetechniquedoesn’tworkaswelliftheimageofthefaceischangedinanyway.Ratherthanfocusingoneyes,asmostpeopledo,focusonthecentreortotheleftofaperson’snose.④______ToRemember:Facts&figuresTechnique:

⑤______​Tolearnandrememberstatistics,reviewingthematerialrepeatedlyoveralongertimeisfarmoreeffectivethanrepeatingitinashorterone.Ifyourexamisinaweek,studytodayandthenagaininadayortwo.Ifit’samonthaway,studytodayandthenwaitaweekbeforeyoursecondsession.A.ValueexamsB.GiveyourselftimeC.Thisallowsyoutotakeintheirwholeface.D.Theirbrainstructuresareinfactthesameastherestofours.E.Writeafour-wordsentence,andcountthenumberoflettersineachword.F.Thetheoryisthatyourbrainlinksthewordstotheenvironmentaroundyou.G.Anothertwostudiesalsoshowedthatchangingotheraspectsofyourenvironmentcanhelp.42、依据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Critical(批判的)thinkingistheartofusingreasontoanalyzeideasanddigdeepertogettoourtruepotential.Itdoesn’tmeanyou’rethinkingharderorlonger.①__________.Herearesometipsandideastohelpyoubuildafoundationforcriticalthinking.

Questionyourassumptions.Wemakealotofassumptionsaboutalmosteverything.It’showourbrainprocessescertainpiecesofinformation,andhowwegetalongineverydaylife.Youcouldsaytheyarethefoundationofourcriticalframework.②__________.Thenthewholefoundationneedstoberebuilt,fromthebottomup.

Don’ttakeinformationonauthorityuntilyou'veinvestigatedityourself.Insteadofdouble-checkingeverythinganyonesays,wetendtolabelinformationaseithercomingfromatrustworthyornottrustworthysource.Thiskeepsusfromdouble-checkingeverypieceofinformationthatcomesourway,savingtimeandenergy.Butitalsokeepsusfromgettingtothebottomofthingswethinkofascomingfromatrustworthysource,evenwhentheydon’t.③__________.

Putyourselfinotherpeople’sshoes.Empathycanalsohelpyoudevelopyourcriticalthinkingskills.④__________.Youmayfindthatalittleunderstandingfacilitatesadeeperinsightintootherpeopleandtheirbehavior.Thedeeperyourinsightintoyourselfandothers,thewiseryourdecisionswillbe.

⑤__________.Thereisnowaytolearnbetterthanlearningfromyourfriends.Ifyouonlywanttobeabigfishswimminginthelittlepondjustbecauseyourego(自负)feelsgood,keepthispart.Ifyouarewonderingabouthowtodevelopcriticalskills,makefriendswithsmartpeopleandthrowawayyourego.A.Actually,it’saboutthinkingbetter.B.Surroundyourselfwithpeoplesmarterthanyou.C.Besomeonethatpeopleknowthattheycancounton.D.Youshouldnotjudgeothersuntilyoufullyunderstandtheirsituation.E.Butwhatiftheyturnedouttobewrong,oratleastnotentirelytruthful?F.Thereasonisthatunderstandingdoesnotalwaysgowiththerightaction.G.Sowhatispublishedinamagazineoronlinedoesn’tmeanit’snecessarilytrue.43、依据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出正确答案,。选项中有两项为多余选项Everyanimalsleeps,butthereasonforthishasremainedfoggy.Whenlabratsarenotallowedtosleep,theydiewithinamonth.①.Oneideaisthatsleephelpsusstrengthennewmemories.②Weknowthat,whileawake,freshmemoriesarerecordedbyreinforcing(加强)connectionsbetweenbraincells,butthememoryprocessesthattakeplacewhilewesleephavebeenunclear.Supportisgrowingforatheorythatsleepevolvedsothatconnectionsbetweenneurons(神经元)inthebraincanbeweakenedovernight,makingroomforfreshmemoriestoformthenextday.③.Nowwehavethemostdirectevidenceyetthatheisright.④Thesynapsesinthemicetakenattheendofaperiodofsleepwere18percentsmallerthanthosetakenbeforesleep,showingthattheconnectionsbetweenneuronsweakenwhilesleeping.IfTononi’stheoryisright,itwouldexplainwhy,whenwemissanight’ssleep,wefinditharderthenextdaytoconcentrateandlearnnewinformation—ourbrainsmayhavesmallerroomfornewexperiences.Theirresearchalsosuggestshowwemaybuildlastingmemoriesovertimeeventhoughthesynapsesbecomethinner.Theteamdiscoveredthatsomesynapsesseemtobeprotectedandstayedthesamesize.⑤"Youkeepwhatmatters,"Tononisays.A.Weshouldalsotrytosleepwellthenightbefore.B.It'sasifthebrainispreservingitsmostimportantmemories.C.Similarly,whenpeoplegoforafewdayswithoutsleeping,theygetsick.D.Theprocessestakeplacetostopourbrainsbecomingloadedwithmemories.E.That'swhystudentsdobetterintestsiftheygetachancetosleepafterlearning.F."Sleepisthepricewepayforlearning,"saysGiulioTononi,whodevelopedtheidea.G.Tononi'steammeasuredthesizeoftheseconnections,orsynapses,inthebrainsof12mice.44、依据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。“Post-truth"waschosenbyOxfordDictionariesastheWordoftheYear2024.Indeed,digitalmisinformationisontheriseanditishardforpeopletodistinguish.1.__________BeforethedawnoftheInternet,Canadiansregularlyturnedtoandtrustedtheirpreferrednewspapersorradiostationsforthelatestnews.2.__________It’snowcomingatyoufromsomanydifferentsources(来源）thatyouneedtotakeresponsibilityforwhatyou’veseeing.Expertsrecommendrelyingonarangeofsourcesinsteadofjustone,butlookingintothemfirst.3.__________Forexample,thepeopleconnected,wherethey’rebased,andtheirintention.Alackofinformationiscertainlyawarning.Next,learningtorecognizemisinformationisimportant.Falsenewsspreadsmostlythroughsocialmedia.Soifyou’relookingatnewsonFacebook，youhavetohandleitinwiserway.__________itfromawell-informedrelativeorafriendwhoregularlyexpressesextremeviews?Andwhateveryoudo,onlybyclickingthroughcanyouseewhethertheinformationisaccurate.5.__________Ithasnolimitsinachievingthatgoal,soitplaysonfeelingsandusesimproperlanguage.Therefore,ifyoufeelexcitedtosharesomethingimmediately,that’sthetimeyoushouldstopandask，“Isthisaccurate?"Ifwealltakethatextralittlepause,we’llbeabletostopthisfalsethingfromspreading.A.Sourcesthatarereliabletellyouaboutthemselves.B.Fortunately,therearesomesimplewaystotellfactsfromfiction.C.Considerwho’ssharingitifit’snotposteddirectlyfromth