标准解读
《GB/T 44611-2024 栽培介质有害生物检测规程》是一项国家标准，旨在规范栽培介质中可能存在的有害生物的检测方法与流程。该标准适用于农业、园艺等领域内使用的各种栽培介质（如土壤、泥炭、椰糠等）中有害生物（包括但不限于昆虫、螨类、线虫、真菌、细菌和病毒）的检测。
标准首先明确了适用范围及术语定义，确保使用者能够准确理解其内容并正确应用。接着，详细描述了样品采集的方法，强调了采集过程中需要注意的关键点，比如避免交叉污染、保持样品完整性等原则，以保证后续检测结果的有效性和准确性。
在样品处理部分，《GB/T 44611-2024》提供了多种处理技术的选择指南，根据不同的目标生物类型推荐相应的预处理步骤，如筛选、漂浮分离或化学提取等，以便于更有效地分离出待检生物体。
对于具体的检测方法，《GB/T 44611-2024》列举了几种常见且有效的技术手段，包括显微镜观察法、分子生物学鉴定法（如PCR）、免疫学测试（ELISA）以及培养基直接接种法等，并对每种方法的操作细节进行了说明。此外，还特别指出了某些特定情况下应采取的特殊措施，比如针对难以培养或生长缓慢的微生物时可采用的替代方案。
如需获取更多详尽信息，请直接参考下方经官方授权发布的权威标准文档。
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- 2024-09-29 颁布
- 2025-04-01 实施
文档简介
ICS
65.020.20
CCS
B16
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T44611—2024
栽培介质有害生物检测规程
Codeofpracticeforthedetectionofpestsinthegrowingmedium
2024-09-29发布2025-04-01实施
国家市场监督管理总局发布
国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T44611—2024
目次
前言
·····································································································
Ⅲ
1
范围
··································································································
1
2
规范性引用文件
······················································································
1
3
术语和定义
···························································································
1
4
栽培介质基本信息
····················································································
1
5
检测程序
······························································································
1
6
检测对象及检测依据
·················································································
2
6.1
检测对象
·························································································
2
6.2
检测依据
·························································································
2
7
现场检验
······························································································
3
8
实验室检测
···························································································
3
8.1
昆虫及软体动物检测
·············································································
3
8.2
线虫检测
·························································································
3
8.3
植物病原菌物检测
···············································································
3
8.4
植物病原细菌检测
···············································································
3
8.5
杂草检测
·························································································
4
9
检测结果报告
·························································································
4
10
综合判定
····························································································
4
11
检测记录及样品保存
················································································
4
11.1
检测记录内容
···················································································
4
11.2
样品及记录保存
················································································
4
附录A（资料性）
栽培介质中主要检疫性有害生物名单
·············································
6
A.1
线虫
·····························································································
6
A.2
菌物
·····························································································
6
A.3
细菌
·····························································································
7
附录B（规范性）
线虫分离方法
······································································
8
B.1
漂浮分离法
······················································································
8
B.2
改良漏斗法
······················································································
8
附录C（规范性）
菌物检测方法
······································································
9
C.1
洗涤检验法
······················································································
9
C.2
稀释分离法
······················································································
9
C.3
选择性培养基分离法
············································································
9
参考文献
································································································
10
Ⅰ
GB/T44611—2024
前言
本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规
定起草。
请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。
本文件由全国植物检疫标准化技术委员会（SAC/TC271）提出并归口。
本文件起草单位：中国检验检疫科学研究院、宁波海关技术中心、苏州晶睿生物科技有限公司、
满洲里海关、宁夏回族自治区农业技术推广总站、福州海关技术中心、山东大学。
本文件主要起草人：田茜、顾建锋、段维军、吴尧、刘玮琦、李秋实、徐晗、杜伟、于文涛、
张伟。
Ⅲ
GB/T44611—2024
栽培介质有害生物检测规程
1范围
本文件给出了栽培介质的基本信息，确立了栽培介质有害生物检测程序，规定了检测对象的确定及
检测依据的选择、现场检验、实验室检测、出具检测结果报告以及综合判定的过程，描述了记录及保存
的证实方法。
本文件适用于进出境及国内生产流通的栽培介质中有害生物的检测鉴定。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文
件，仅该日
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