山东省济宁市英语中考试题及答案指导(2024年)

2024年山东省济宁市英语中考自测试题及答案指导一、听力部分（本大题有20小题，每小题1分，共20分）1、Inthefirstconversation,youheardamanaskingdirectionstothenearestbookstore.Question:Whereisthebookstorelocated?A)Nexttothepostoffice.B)Besidethelibrary.C)Acrossfromthepark.Answer:B)Besidethelibrary.Explanation:Thewomanintheconversationtoldthemanthatthebookstoreisbesidethelibrary,whichmeansitislocatednexttothelibrarybuilding.2、Thesecondconversationwasbetweentwostudentsdiscussingtheirweekendplans.Question:WhatdoesthewomansuggestdoingonSaturday?A)Goingtothemovies.B)Studyingatthecafé.C)Visitingthemuseum.Answer:A)Goingtothemovies.Explanation:ThewomanmentionedthatanewfilmwasplayingatthecinemaandsuggestedtheyshouldseeittogetheronSaturdayafternoon.3.Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwostudents,AlexandSarah,discussingtheirstudyplans.Listencarefullyandanswerthequestionbelow.Question:WhatsubjectdobothAlexandSarahagreetostudytogether?MathHistoryScienceEnglishAnswer:C)ScienceExplanation:Intheconversation,Alexmentionsthatheisstrugglingwithscience,andSarahofferstohelphimstudyfortheupcomingexam.Thisindicatesthatbothofthemagreetostudysciencetogether.4.Listentoashortpassageabouttheimportanceofexercise.Answerthequestionthatfollows.Question:Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthemainbenefitsofregularexercise?ImprovedmemoryIncreasedenergylevelsBettersleepqualityEnhancedcreativityAnswer:C)BettersleepqualityExplanation:Thepassagediscussesvariousbenefitsofexercise,includingbettersleepquality.Itmentionsthatregularexercisecanhelpimprovesleeppatterns,makingitoneofthemainbenefitshighlightedinthepassage.5、Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingafterthemovie?GoingtodinnerGettingcoffeeVisitingamuseumCorrectAnswer:B)GettingcoffeeExplanation:Inthedialogue,themanmentionsthathe’dlovetogetsomecoffeeafterthefilm,suggestingthattheyspendmoretimetogetherchattingoveracupofcoffee.6、Whycan’tthewomanattendthescheduledmeetingtomorrow?Shehasanotherappointment.Shefeelstoounwell.Sheneedstoprepareforanexam.CorrectAnswer:A)Shehasanotherappointment.Explanation:Thewomanexplainsthatshewon’tbeabletomakeittothemeetingbecauseshealreadyhasacommitmentatthattimeandcannotrescheduleherotherappointment.7、Youwillhearashortconversationbetweentwofriends.Listencarefullyandanswerthequestion.

Question:Whatdoesthewomansuggestdoingthisweekend?

A)Goingtothebeach.

B)Stayingathomeandwatchingamovie.

C)Takingawalkinthepark.

D)Visitingthemuseum.Answer:B)Stayingathomeandwatchingamovie.Explanation:Intheconversation,thewomanmentions,“Ithinkitmightbetoocoldtogooutsidethisweekend,”whichimpliesshesuggestsstayingindoors.Shethenadds,“Howaboutwejustwatchamovietogether?”confirmingtheanswer.8、Youwillhearashortlectureabouttheimportanceofexercise.Listencarefullyandanswerthequestion.

Question:Accordingtothelecture,whatisoneofthebenefitsofregularexercise?

A)Improvedmemory.

B)Increasedriskofheartdisease.

C)Decreasedimmunesystemfunction.

D)Higherlevelsofstresshormones.Answer:A)Improvedmemory.Explanation:Inthelecture,thespeakerdiscussesthepositiveeffectsofexerciseonthebrain,stating,“Regularphysicalactivityhasbeenshowntoimprovememoryandcognitivefunction,”whichdirectlysupportsoptionAasthecorrectanswer.9、Youwillhearashortconversationbetweenalibrarianandastudent.Listencarefullyandthenchoosethecorrectanswer.Question:Whatdoesthestudentneedhelpwith?A.FindingbooksonancienthistoryB.Accessingthelibrary’sonlinedatabaseC.RenewingbooksthathehasborrowedD.CheckingoutabookonmodernliteratureAnswer:B.Accessingthelibrary’sonlinedatabaseExplanation:Thestudentmentionshavingtroubleloggingintothelibrary’sonlineresourcesandasksthelibrarianforassistancewiththeloginprocess.10、Listenagaintopartoftheconversationandthenanswerthequestion.Question:Whydoesthelibrarianaskthestudentifhispasswordhasbeenchangedrecently?A.TocheckifthestudentforgothisnewpasswordB.ToverifythesecurityoftheaccountC.ToensurethestudentisusingthecorrectusernameD.TodetermineifthesystemneedstoberesetAnswer:A.TocheckifthestudentforgothisnewpasswordExplanation:Thelibrariansuspectsthatthestudentmighthaveforgottentherecentchangeinpasswordandispromptinghimtorecallwhetherhehadupdateditornot,whichcouldexplainwhyhecan’tlogin.11.Youaregoingtohearaconversationbetweentwofriends,AliceandBob.Listencarefullyandchoosethebestanswertothefollowingquestion.Question:WhatisAliceplanningtodoforherbirthdayparty?A.Gotoamovie.B.Haveapicnicinthepark.C.InviteBobtoarestaurant.D.Gotoashoppingmall.Answer:B

Explanation:Intheconversation,Alicesays,“Iwasthinkingofhavingapicnicintheparkthisweekendformybirthday.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisB.12.Listentoashortdialoguebetweenastudent,Tom,andhisteacher,MissSmith.Afterhearingthedialogue,answerthefollowingquestion.Question:WhydoesTomthinkhedidn’tdowellonhismathtest?A.Hedidn’tstudyenough.B.Hewasnotpreparedforthetest.C.Thetestwastoohard.D.Heforgottobringhiscalculator.Answer:A

Explanation:Inthedialogue,Tomsays,“IthinkIdidn’tdowellonthemathtestbecauseIdidn’tstudyenough.”Therefore,thecorrectanswerisA.13、WhattimedoesthetrainleaveforLondon,accordingtotheannouncement?7:05PM7:15PM7:25PM7:35PMAnswer:B)7:15PMExplanation:TheannouncementclearlystatesthatthetrainboundforLondonwillbedepartingat7:15PM.It’simportanttopayattentiontospecifictimesmentionedintheaudiotoaccuratelyselectthecorrectanswer.Thistypeofquestiontestsyourabilitytolistenforandcomprehendnumericalinformation,whichisakeyskillinpracticallisteningscenariossuchascatchingannouncementsatstationsorairports.14、Whyisthespeakerfeelinganxious?Theyarelateforameeting.Theycan’tfindtheirpassport.Theymissedtheirflight.Theylosttheirluggage.Answer:B)Theycan’tfindtheirpassport.Explanation:Intheconversation,thespeakermentionsbeingunabletolocatetheirpassportjustbeforetheyneedtocheckinforaninternationalflight,whichiscausingthemconsiderableworry.Thisquestionassessesyourabilitytounderstandthemainreasonbehindsomeone’semotionalstate,inthiscase,anxiety,bypayingcloseattentiontothecontextanddetailsprovidedinthespokendialogue.Recognizingthecause-and-effectrelationshipbetweenthesituationdescribedandthefeelingsexpressediscrucialforansweringcorrectly.15.Listentotheconversationandanswerthequestion.W:Ican’tfindmyfavoritepen.Doyouthinkyoucouldhelpmelookforit?M:Sure,I’llcheckthedeskandthedrawers.Question:Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.ApenB.AbookC.AphoneD.AnotebookAnswer:A

Explanation:Thewomanexplicitlymentionsthatsheislookingforher“favoritepen”intheconversation,sothecorrectanswerisA.Apen.16.Listentothedialogueandcompletethesentencewiththecorrectword.M:Howwasyourdayatwork,Sarah?W:Itwasquitechallenging.Ihadtodealwithalotofurgentemailsandmeetings.Question:Sarahhadtodealwithalotof_______.A.phonecallsB.urgentemailsC.coffeebreaksD.companyeventsAnswer:B

Explanation:ThesentenceinthedialoguestatesthatSarahhadtodealwith“alotofurgentemailsandmeetings,”whichindicatesthatthecorrectcompletionforthesentenceisB.urgentemails.17.Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwofriendsabouttheirweekendplans.Listentotheconversationandanswerthequestion.Question:Whatactivitydoesthewomansuggestfortheirweekendtrip?A.VisitingamuseumB.GoingtoamovieC.HikinginthemountainsD.AttendingaconcertAnswer:C.HikinginthemountainsExplanation:Thewomanmentionsthatsheheardtherearesomebeautifultrailsinthemountainsnearbyandsuggeststheygohiking.18.Listentoashortdialoguebetweenastudentandateacheraboutaschoolproject.Answerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatisthedeadlinefortheproject?A.NextFridayB.TwoweeksfromtodayC.TheendofthemonthD.NextMondayAnswer:B.TwoweeksfromtodayExplanation:Theteacherinformsthestudentthattheprojectisduetwoweeksfromthecurrentdate,whichisthecorrectanswer.19.Youwillhearaconversationbetweentwostudentsdiscussingabooktheyrecentlyread.Listenandanswerthefollowingquestion.Question:Whatbookarethestudentstalkingabout?

A)“ToKillaMockingbird”

B)“1984”

C)“PrideandPrejudice”

D)“TheGreatGatsby”Answer:B)“1984”Explanation:Intheconversation,onestudentmentionsthatthebooktheyarediscussingisaboutadystopiansociety,whichisacharacteristicofGeorgeOrwell’s“1984.”20.Listentoashortspeechabouttheimportanceofrecycling.Answerthefollowingquestion.Question:Accordingtothespeaker,whyisrecyclingimportant?

A)Itsavesmoneyongarbagecollection.

B)Itreducestheamountofwasteinlandfills.

C)Itpromotesenvironmentalawareness.

D)Itcreatesmorejobsintherecyclingindustry.Answer:B)Itreducestheamountofwasteinlandfills.Explanation:Thespeakeremphasizestheenvironmentalbenefitsofrecycling,particularlyinreducingtheamountofwastethatendsupinlandfills.二、阅读理解（30分）ReadingComprehensionPassage:InthesmallcoastaltownofSeaview,thelocalcommunityhadalwayscherisheditsbeautifulbeaches.However,overtheyears,pollutionandoverdevelopmenthadstartedtotakeatollonthenaturalbeautyofthearea.Thetowncouncilrealizedthatimmediateactionwasneededtopreservetheenvironmentandimprovethequalityoflifeforitsresidents.Thecouncildecidedtoimplementaseriesofmeasurestotackletheissue.Oneofthemostsignificantinitiativeswastheintroductionofabeachclean-upprogram.Thisprogramaimedtoencourageresidentsandvisitorstotakeresponsibilityforthecleanlinessofthebeaches.Volunteerswereorganizedtocleanupthebeachestwiceamonth,removinglitter,plasticwaste,andotherpollutants.Additionally,thecouncilintroducedstricterregulationsoncoastaldevelopment,ensuringthatnewbuildingsandbusinessesdidnotharmthenaturalenvironment.Theyalsolaunchedanawarenesscampaign,educatingthepublicabouttheimportanceofpreservingthelocalecosystemandtheroletheyplayedinitsprotection.Asaresultoftheseefforts,thebeachesbegantoshowsignsofimprovement.Thelocalmarinelifestartedtoflourish,andtheonce-pollutedwatersbecamecleanerandclearer.Thecommunitywasproudoftheirachievementsandfeltmoreconnectedtotheenvironmenttheycalledhome.Questions:1.WhatwasthemainissueaffectingthetownofSeaview?

A)Lackoftourism

B)Overdevelopmentandpollution

C)Lackofinfrastructure

D)Drought2.Whatwastheprimarygoalofthebeachclean-upprogram?

A)Toattractmoretourists

B)Tocreateajobsprogramforthelocalcommunity

C)Toencourageresidentsandvisitorstotakeresponsibilityforbeachcleanliness

D)Toremoveallbeachfrontbuildings3.Howdidthetowncouncilplantoensurethatnewdevelopmentsdidnotharmtheenvironment?

A)Byofferingsubsidiestodeveloperswhoagreedtofollowstrictenvironmentalguidelines

B)Byallowingunrestricteddevelopmentalongthecoast

C)Byimposingfinesonbusinessesthatdidnotadheretoenvironmentalregulations

D)BybanningallnewconstructioninthecoastalareaAnswers:1.B)Overdevelopmentandpollution2.C)Toencourageresidentsandvisitorstotakeresponsibilityforbeachcleanliness3.A)Byofferingsubsidiestodeveloperswhoagreedtofollowstrictenvironmentalguidelines三、完型填空（15分）Completethefollowingpassagebychoosingthebestoptionforeachblank.Theschool’sannualsciencefairwasagrandsuccess,anditwasclearthatalotofhardworkhadgoneintopreparingforit.Studentsfromdifferentgradeshadcometogethertodisplaytheirprojects,rangingfromsimpleexperimentstocomplexmodels.Thefairwasheldintheschool’sgymnasium,whichwas[1]filledwithstudents,teachers,andparents.Theeventstartedwithabriefspeechbytheschoolprincipal,whoemphasizedtheimportanceofscienceandinnovation.Theaudiencewasthendividedintogroups,eachassignedtoadifferentareaofthegym.Oneofthemostpopularareaswasthe[2]interactivesection,wherestudentscouldconducttheirownexperimentsandlearnaboutvariousscientificconcepts.Oneparticularlyinterestingprojectwasarobotdesignedtohelpthevisuallyimpairednavigatetheirsurroundings.Therobotused[3]ultrasonicsensorstodetectobstaclesandaGPSsystemtokeeptrackofitslocation.Thecreatoroftherobot,astudentnamedAlex,wasproudtodemonstratehowitcouldhelppeoplewithvisualimpairmentslivemoreindependently.Asthefairprogressed,visitorswereimpressedbythecreativityand[4]excellenceoftheprojects.Somestudentsevenmanagedtocapturetheattentionoflocalscientistsandengineers,whoofferedtomentorthemfurther.Thefairendedwithaprizedistributionceremony,wherethewinnersofeachcategorywereawardedcertificatesandsmalltrophies.Theschool’ssciencefairhadnotonlybeenasuccess,butithadalsoinspiredmanystudentstopursuetheirinterestsinscienceandtechnology.1.A)almost2.A)interactive3.A)ultrasonic4.A)excellence5.A)inspiredAnswer:1.B)completely2.A)interactive3.A)ultrasonic4.A)excellence5.A)inspired四、语法填空题（本大题有10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1、Theteacher__________(be)intheclassroomwhenthebellrang.A.wasB.isC.areD.hasbeenAnswer:A.

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“was”becausethesentencedescribesapasteventthatoccurredataspecifictime(“whenthebellrang”).Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactionhappeningataspecificpastmoment.2、IfI__________(know)theanswer,Iwouldhavehelpedyouwiththeproblem.A.knewB.knowC.wouldknowD.amknowingAnswer:A.

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“knew”becausethesentenceisintheconditionalperfecttense,whichisusedtoexpressapastpossibilitythatwasnottrue.Thestructure“if+pastperfect,wouldhave+pastparticiple”isusedtoexpressthis.3、The___________(be)ofthebookisveryinteresting,whichhasattractedmanyyoungreaders.答案：is解析：本题考查主谓一致。根据句意，主语“the___________ofthebook”表示“书的标题”，在英语中，标题通常被视为单数，因此谓语动词应使用单数形式。所以正确答案是”is”。4、IfI___________(have)moretime,Iwouldvisitthemuseumnextweekend.答案：had解析：本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意，这是一个与现在事实相反的虚拟语气句子。在虚拟语气中，如果主句表示与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词形式为had+过去分词。因此，正确答案是”had”。5.Choosethecorrectformoftheverbineachsentence.Theweather__________(be)sunnytoday.IfI__________(go)totheparty,Iwouldbringagift.She__________(notcome)tothemeetingbecausesheissick.Answer:isweredidn’tcomeExplanation:Thecorrectformis“is”becausethesentenceisinthepresenttense.Thecorrectformis“were”becauseitisaconditionalsentencereferringtoahypotheticalpastsituation.Thecorrectformis“didn’tcome”becauseitisapastsimplenegativesentence.6.Completethefollowingsentencesusingthecorrectformoftheverbsinparentheses.She__________(notbe)hereyesterday,butnowsheis.IfI__________(have)acar,Iwouldtravelmoreoften.They__________(notfinish)theprojectontimebecauseoftheunexpectedissues.Answer:wasn’thaddidn’tfinishExplanation:Thecorrectformis“wasn’t”becauseitisapastsimplenegativesentence.Thecorrectformis“had”becauseitisapastperfectsentence,referringtoapastactionbeforeanotherpastaction.Thecorrectformis“didn’tfinish”becauseitisapastsimplenegativesentence.7.Ihaveneverseen__________(such)beautifulgardeninthisarea.A.suchB.soC.moreD.muchAnswer:AExplanation:Thesentenceiscomparingthebeautyofthegardentoothergardensinthearea.“Such”isusedtointroducethesuperlativeformofanadjective,indicatingthatthegardenisthemostbeautifulonethespeakerhasseen.Therefore,“such”isthecorrectchoicehere.8.She__________(be)lateforworkbecauseshedidn’twakeupontimethismorning.A.wasB.isC.havebeenD.hadbeenAnswer:AExplanation:Thesentenceindicatesapasteventthathasalreadyoccurred.Thephrase“becauseshedidn’twakeupontimethismorning”suggeststhatthecauseofherbeinglateisrelatedtoanactioninthepast.Therefore,thecorrectformoftheverbtouseisthepastsimpletense,whichis“was.”9.Ihavelivedinthiscityfor__________years.fivefiveyearsfiveyearfiveyears’Answer:b)fiveyears

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“fiveyears”becauseyouneedtousethepluralformofthenumber“year”toindicatethedurationoftimelivedinthecity.Thephrase“for+numberofyears”isacommonwaytoexpressaperiodoftime.10.Ifyou___________harder,youwouldhavepassedtheexam.workworkworkedwouldworkAnswer:c)worked

Explanation:Thecorrectansweris“worked”becausethesentenceisintheconditionalperfecttense,whichisusedtoexpressapastconditionthatwouldhaveledtoadifferentpastresult.Thestructureis“if+pastperfect,wouldhave+pastparticiple.”Here,“Ifyouhadworkedharder”wouldbethepastperfectform,andsincethemainclauseisinthepasttense(“youwouldhavepassed”),thepastsimpleform“worked”isusedintheconditionalclause.五、简答题（本大题有5小题，每小题2分，共10分）1、WhatarethemaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfectandthepastsimpletenseinEnglishgrammar?答案：Themaindifferencesbetweenthepresentperfectandthepastsimpletenseareasfollows:1.TimeReference:Pastsimpletensereferstoactionscompletedataspecifictimeinthepastoractionsthathappenedbeforeacertainpointintime.Presentperfecttensereferstoactionscompletedatanunspecifiedtimeinthepast,withapresentconnectionorresult.2.Aspect:Pastsimpletenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathaveacompletedaspect,meaningtheactionisfinished.Presentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathaveapresentaspect,meaningtheactionisnotnecessarilyfinishedbuthasapresentrelevanceorresult.3.Continuation:Pastsimpletensedoesnotimplycontinuationorduration.Presentperfecttensecanimplycontinuationordurationifusedwithtimeexpressionslike“since”or“for.”解析：Thisquestionteststhecandidate’sunderstandingofthepresentperfectandpastsimpletensesinEnglish.Theanswerprovidesaclearcomparisonoftheirusageintermsoftimereference,aspect,andcontinuation,ensuringthecandidategraspsthekeydifferencesbetweenthetwotenses.2、ExplainthepurposeandstructureofasimileinEnglish.答案：Asimileisafigureofspeechthatcomparestwodifferentthings,typicallyusingthewords“like”or“as.”Thepurposeofasimileistocreateavividandclearcomparisonthathelpsthereaderorlistenerbetterunderstandthesubjectbeingdescribed.Thestructureofasimilegenerallyincludes:1.Thesubjectbeingcompared:Thisisthemainthingthatthesimileisdescribing.2.Theword“like”or“as”:Thisistheconnectingwordthatintroducesthecomparison.3.Thethingbeingcomparedto:Thisistheobjectorconceptthatisbeingcomparedtothesubject.4.Additionaldescriptivelanguage:Often,similesincludeadjectivesoradverbstoenhancethecomparisonandmakeitmorevivid.解析：Thisquestionassessesthecandidate’sknowledgeofsimiles,theirpurpose,andtheirstructure.Theansweroutlinesthekeyelementsofasimileandexplainshowitfunctionstocreateaclearandengagingcomparison,ensuringthecandidateunderstandstheroleofsimilesinlanguage.3、Whatarethedifferencesbetweenanounandaverbintermsoftheirbasicfunctionsinasentence?Answer:

Anounisawordthatnamesaperson,place,thing,oridea.Itisusedtorefertoaspecificentityorconcept.Nounsarethemainsubjectsandobjectsofsentences.Averb,ontheotherhand,isawordthatexpressesaction,state,oroccurrence.Itindicateswhatthesubjectisdoingorwhatishappening.Verbsaretypicallyplacedafterthesubjectinasentence.3.1Basicfunctions:Nouns:Serveassubjects(e.g.,Thecatissleeping.)Serveasobjects(e.g.,Thecatchasedthemouse.)Canbemodifiedbyadjectives(e.g.,Thebeautifulcatissleeping.)Verbs:Expressactionsorstates(e.g.,Thecatissleeping.)Expresschangesoroccurrences(e.g.,Thecatchasedthemouse.)Canbemodifiedbyadverbs(e.g.,Thecatissleepingquietly.)3.2Example:

Subject:Thecat

Verb:issleepingExplanation:

Inthissentence,“Thecat”isthesubject(noun)and“issleeping”istheverbphrase.Theverbphrase“issleeping”indicatestheactionorstateofthesubject.4、HowdoyouformthepresentperfecttenseinEnglish?Answer:

ThepresentperfecttenseinEnglishisformedusingtheauxiliaryverb“have”(or“has”forthirdpersonsingular)followedbythepastparticipleformofthemainverb.4.1Formation:Forregularverbs,thepastparticipleisthesameasthepasttenseform.Forirregularverbs,thepastparticipleformmustbelearnedindividually.4.2Example:Regularverb:“go”->pastparticiple:“gone”Irregularverb:“be”->pastparticiple:“been”4.3Structure:Positive:Subject+have/has+pastparticiple(e.g.,Ihavevisitedthemuseum.)Negative:Subject+do/doesnot+have/has+pastparticiple(e.g.,Shedoesnothavevisitedthemuseum.)Question:Have/has+subject+pastparticiple?(e.g.,Haveyouvisitedthemuseum?)Explanation:

Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeactionsthathavebeencompletedatanunspecifiedtimebeforenow,oractionsthatcontinuefromthepastuptothepresent.Italsoindicatesapresentresultorconditionthatstartedinthepast.5、ExplainthedifferencesbetweenthepresentsimpletenseandthepresentcontinuoustenseinEnglish.(答案：Thepresentsimpletenseisusedtodescribehabitualactions,generaltru