河北省张家口市宣化区第一中学2025届高三英语下学期考前模拟试题二含解析

PAGEPAGE25河北省张家口市宣化区第一中学2025届高三英语下学期考前模拟试题二（含解析）第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthemandoing?A.Makingacomplaint. B.Offeringanapology. C.Askingforhelp.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:Lookatmynewbag!Itisdyedwithyourpaintinourclassroom.Mymomwillkillme!W:That'stoobad!Sorry!I'lltellherwhathappenedandsendittothelaundry.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofthegame?A.Long. B.Boring. C.Exciting.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Idon'tthinkIsatdownonceduringthatentiregame.Thetwoteamswereverycloselymatched.W:Theywere,weren'tthey?Thosethreehoursjustflewby.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Onaplane. B.Atanamusementpark. C.Athome.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Okay,Ithinkwe'reabouttotakeoff.Haveyouriddenrollercoasters?W:Actually,thisisthesecondtime.Thefirsttimewaswhenmydaughterwaseightyearsold.4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhatisMr.Smithadvisedtodo?A.Walkaround. B.Sitstill. C.Liedown.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Now,Mr.Smith,you'vejustbeenoperatedonyourstomach.Maybeyouwanttohavearestlyingonthebedorsitstill.Butthebestthingyoushoulddoistogetupandwalkaroundrightnow.M:OK!I'lldoit,Mrs.Black.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howmanykindsofbaggageareasarethereattheairport?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Istillhaven'tseenmyluggagecomeout.It'sabigpinkviolincase.M:Pleasegototheoversizedbaggagecounter.Thisisthenormalbaggagearea.Wealsohaveanoverweightbaggageareaattheairport.其次节听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Howdidthewomanscratchtheredcar?A.Hercarbackedintoit. B.Hershoppingcarthitit. C.Herbagsdroppedonit.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodointheend?A.Leaveanote. B.Gotoagrocerystore. C.Driveawayquickly.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Excuseme,doyouknowwheretheownerofthiscaris?Iseemedtohavescratchedtheircar.M:ThisredToyotahere?Theyjustleft.IthinkIsawthemheadingtowardthegrocerystore.Didyoubackintoitcarelessly?W:Iopenedthedoortoputmybagsintheback,andmyshoppingcartrolleddownthehillintotheredToyota.M:That'sunfortunate.Toobadthatthecarwasn'tblacklikemine.Youwouldn'tevenbeabletoseethescratchonmycar.W:I'dbetterleavethemanote,anyway.Theycandecidewhetherornottodoanythingaboutit.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Theman’sbehaviorsatparties.B.Preparationsfortheparty.C.Goodtablemanners.9.Whydidthemanfallintothepool?A.Becauseofhiscarelessness.B.Becauseofothers’pushing.C.Becauseofatrick.【答案】8.A9.B【解析】【原文】W:Pleasedon'tembarrassmeatthepartytonight.M:Me,embarrassyou?IthinkI'dneverdothat.W:Youhave,though,morethanonce.AttheJohnsons'party,youdancedonthetablewhilesingingIAmaWoman!M:Everybodythoughtitwasfunnyandinteresting.W:Didn'tyounoticetheawkwardsilenceintheroomwhenyoursongended?M:No,Ididn't.ButIdidnoticeMikenoddinghisheadandJohnsonsmilingatme.W:That'sbecausetheyareshowingpoliteness.Ihopeyouhadn'tperformedyourmagicatLisa'sgraduationcelebration.Youfellintothepoolcarelessly.Oh!Mygod!M:Butthatisbecauseofcrowdssuddenpushing.Everyoneisfriendlytousandcan’ttrickme.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues. B.Motherandson. C.Formerschoolmates.11.Wherewillthemangoonholiday?A.Canada. B.Africa. C.America.12.Whatwillthemandofirst?A.ContactJohn. B.Buytraintickets. C.Reserveahotelroom.【答案】10.C11.B12.A【解析】【原文】M:OuruniversitywillbecelebratingitshundredthanniversarynextFriday.Shallwegobackforavisit?W:I'dloveto.Butaren'tyougoingtohaveaholidayinCanadanextweek?M:Well,IamthinkingaboutgoingtoAfricainstead,andmyparentssuggestedAugustbecausetheywantedtogowithme.SoIhavetimetoattendthecelebration.W:Great.It'sbeenadecadesinceweleft.Besides,Johnphonedmefromhisoffice5minutesagotosaythathewouldgowithus.M:OK!Thenlet'sbookthreeticketsforNewYorkonJuly9thonline.W:Butwecan'tmakeitwithoutJohn'sIDnumber.M:IcansendaWeChatmessagetorequestit.AndIthinktheearlierwereservethem,theeasierwechoosesatisfactoryseats.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Howlongdoesthewomansleepatnight?A.Sixtosevenhours. B.Seventoeighthours. C.Eighttoninehours.14.Whydoesthewomanfeelsick?A.Sheseldomexercises.B.Shegetsupearlyeveryday.C.Shesuffersfrommuchpressure.15.Whatisthewoman?A.Astudent. B.Ateacher. C.Asinger.16.Whatistheman’slastadvice?A.Gettingmorephysicalexercise.B.Chattingwithclosefriends.C.Takingsleepingpills.【答案】13.A14.C15.B16.C【解析】【原文】W:I'msorrytotroubleyou,doctor.It'sjustthatIhavebeenfeelingsosickandsleepythesedays.M:Areyougettinggoodsleepthesedays?W:Yeah,sixtosevenhourseverynight,butit'snotdeepsleep.AndwhenIwakeup,Ihaveapaininmylegs.Ialsogetheadachesveryeasily.M:Itsoundslikeyouhavealotofstress.Andyoursleeptimeshouldbeeightorninehoursifyouareworkingveryhard.W:Yes,Ithinkso.IguessI'mworriedtoomuchaboutmystudents.Infact,everyotherdayIhavetogetupasearlyas5:00am.IoftendreamsomesceneswhereIambusydealingwithschoolwork.M:Youshouldlistentosomelightmusicbeforegoingtobedandgetmorephysicalexercisetoreduceyourpressure.Andyoucanchatwithyourclosefriendsaboutyourworkandlistentotheiradvice.Justtakeiteasy.W:Oh,that'sgoodadvice.M:AndIrecommendtakingsomesleepingpills.You'dbettercomebackinafortnightandlet'sseehowthatworks.W:Thanksverymuch.M:You'rewelcome.听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17WhatdoesRaymondBlancdo?A.Aneditor. B.ATVshowhost. C.Arestaurantowner.18.WhereisRaymondBlancfrom?A.Britain. B.France. C.Germany.19.Whatisspecialaboutthemenuintherestaurants?A.Itchangeswithseasons.B.Itismainlykid-friendlydishes.C.Itshowstheingredientsinthedishes.20.Whatwastheoriginalpriceofthe3coursemeal?A.$15. B.$45. C.$66.【答案】17.C18.B19.A20.C【解析】【原文】W:YoucanenjoythedeliciousanduniqueflavorsoftypicalFrenchcookingwhenyouandyourguestenjoyourspecialofferofa3-coursemealwithwineattheBrasserieBlancrestaurants.RaymondBlancisoneofBritain'smostsuccessfulrestaurantowners.HedevoteshimselftocreatingdishesthatfeaturehighqualityseasonalingredientsfromhisnativecountryFrance.Ifyouhaveseenhimonhisextremelypopulartelevisionshows,youwillknowheisatalentedchef.Hebringsanextensiveknowledgeofingredientstohiscooking.Inspiredbythedishesofhischildhood,theBrasserieBlancrestaurantsreflecttheircreator'sdesiretocombinearelaxingandfriendlysettingwithapopularmenuthatisregularlyupdatedtoreflecttheseasons.RaymondBlancisalsotheauthorofseveralcookerybooks.Youwillenjoy3courseschosenfromasetmenualongwithaglassofwineeach.Thepriceofthisofferhasnowbeenreducedfrom$66to$45.Chooseonefromover15ofhisrestaurantsandenjoylunchordinnerservedwithskill.其次部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AOnlineBachelor'sDegreesandProgramsTheoverviewCollegesofferonlinedegreesinarangeoffields.Clickonadegreeprogramtoexplorewhatcoursesyoutake,howlongtheprogramtakestocomplete,careeroptionsandaveragesalary.Forexample,toearnanonlinehealthsciencebachelor'sdegree,youwouldtakecoursesinpublichealth,healthcommunicationsandepidemiology(流行病学).ThebenefitsPursuinganaccredited(官方认可的)onlinebachelor'sdegreecanhelpyoutakethenextstepinyourcareer.Throughyourprogram,you'llattendonlinelectures,studyfromhomemanageabusyscheduleandinteractvirtuallywithprofessorsandclassmates.TheapplicantsAnonlinecollegedegreemayappealtothosewhowantmoreflexibilityincompletingtheireducation,orwhowanttotakeclasseswhileworkingfulltimeorparenting.Choosingwheretoregisteronlinewilllikelybechallenging,butbelowyou'llfindtools,adviceandotherresourcestomakeyoursearcheasier.Bestonlinebachelor'sprogramsU.S.Newsevaluatedseveralfactorstorankthebestonlinebachelor'sdegreeprogramsincludinggraduationratesandsupportservicesavailableremotely.SchoolnameTuitionpercreditApplicationdeadlineFinancialaidavailableUniversityofGeorgia$326May1YesGeorgiaWashingtonUniversity$615June10NoUniversityofArizona$525July12YesNorthCarolinaUniversity$900February15YesToseethefullrankinglist,pleaseclickhere.21.Whatwillyoudoafterattendingonlinedegreeprograms?A.Getadegreeforfree. B.Attendlecturesinahall.C.Takesomerelatedcourses D.Talkwithteachersfacetoface.22.Whichuniversityisthelastonetoendtheapplication?A.GeorgiaWashingtonUniversity. B.UniversityofGeorgia.C.NorthCarolinaUniversity. D.UniversityofArizona.23.Whereareyoulikelytoreadthetext?A.OntheInternet. B.Inamagazine.C.Inatextbook. D.Inanewspaper.【答案】21.C22.D23.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则关于在线学士学位和项目的广告，广告介绍了该课程的也许状况、好处，针对哪些人群，以及一些开设课程学校的费用、申请截止日期和经济救济等状况。【21题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段的“Clickonadegreeprogramtoexplorewhatcoursesyoutake”（点击一个学位项目来探究你所学习的课程）和“Forexample,toearnanonlinehealthsciencebachelor'sdegree,youwouldtakecoursesinpublichealth,healthcommunicationsandepidemiology(流行病学)”(例如，为了获得在线医学学士学位，你要上公共卫生、健康沟通和流行病学课程)可知，参与在线学位项目后，你会学习相关的课程。故选C。【22题详解】细微环节理解题。依据表格中四所高校的申请截止日期可知，UniversityofGeorgia的截止时间为5月1日，GeorgiaWashingtonUniversity的截止时间为6月10日，UniversityofArizona的截止时间为7月12日【23题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终部分“Toseethefullrankinglist,pleaseclickhere.”（查看完整排名列表，请点击此处）可推知，本文最有可能在网上被读到。故选A。BKemiraBoydhadjustjumpedintheshowerwhensheheardherstepmother,TammyBoyd,knockingonthedoor.Kemira's12-day-olddaughterRyleighwaschoking.Kemiratriedeverything,butshestillcouldn'tbreathe.KemiraknewRyleighneededtogettothehospitalfast.Theyhadbarelydrivenoutoftheirneighborhoodwhenapolicecarappearedbehindthem.DeputyWillKimbrofiguredthatthespeedingdriverwaseithertoodistractedtonoticehimorunconcerned.Kimbrosoonfoundoutitwasafrighteningcombinationofthetwo.Onceshe'dpulledover,KemirahandedthebabytoKimbro.Heputahandonherlittlechest.Ryleigh'sheartwasbarelybeating.Kimbroradioedforanambulance.AtthattimeRyleigh'slipswerealreadyblue.ThefactthatKimbrowastherewasamiracle.HehadrecentlycompletedaCPRclassandknewhowtotreatachild.“AlthoughIwasshocked,mytrainingkickedin,andIwenttoworktokeepthatchildalive,”saidKimbro.ThenhebegantappingRyleigh'schest,hopingtopressherheartbackintoaction.ThankstotheCPRclass,Kimbroknewthechokingchilddidn'thaveachanceiftherewasablockage,andheusedonefingertoclearherairway.Thatwasamagictouch.20secondslater,Ryleighbegantocry.“Ifshe'scryinglikethat,she'sbreathing,”saidKimbro.Buttheystillhadfivemoreminutesuntiltheambulancewouldarrive,andKimbroworriedthatRyleighwouldchokeagain.Hecontinuedwithdelicatechestcompressionandclearingherairway.AftertransferringRyleightotheambulance,Kimbrodroveaway.Atthehospital,Ryleighrecoveredquicklythankstoadeterminedpoliceofficerwhowasintherightplaceattherighttime.24.WhydidKemirastophercaroutsideherneighborhood?A.Shewantedtoaskforhelp. B.ShehadbrokentrafficrulesC.Sheneededtocareforthechild. D.SheplannedtotalkwithKimbro25.WhatwasKimbrolikewhenhedealtwiththeemergency?A.Nervous. B.Frightened. C.Calm. D.Curious.26.WhatmadeRyleighcomebacktolife?A.TheCPRclass. B.Thedoctors'help.C.Kemira'sreaction. D.Kimbro'sfirstaid.27.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A.Anencountersavedalife B.ACPRclassisimportantC.Acleverandbravemother D.Apoliceman'sexperience【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲解并描述了一位警长WillKimbro通过自己的急救学问救了一个窒息的女孩Ryleigh的故事。【24题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段中“Theyhadbarelydrivenoutoftheirneighborhoodwhenapolicecarappearedbehindthem.DeputyWillKimbrofiguredthatthespeedingdriverwaseithertoodistractedtonoticehimorunconcerned.(他们刚刚驶出小区，一辆警车就出现在他们后面。副警长WillKimbro认为超速驾驶的司机要么太心不在焉，没留意到他，要么漠不关切。)”可知，Kemira因为违反了交通规则所以停了车。故选B。25题详解】推理推断题。依据倒数第三段中““AlthoughIwasshocked,mytrainingkickedin,andIwenttoworktokeepthatchildalive,”saidKimbro.ThenhebegantappingRyleigh'schest,hopingtopressherheartbackintoaction.ThankstotheCPRclass,Kimbroknewthechokingchilddidn'thaveachanceiftherewasablockage,andheusedonefingertoclearherairway.(Kimbro说：“虽然我很震惊，但我想起了我的急救训练，我起先努力让那个孩子活下来。”然后他起先轻拍Ryleigh的胸膛，希望能让她的心脏复原跳动。多亏了心肺复苏术课程，Kimbro知道假如有堵塞，窒息的孩子根本没有希望存活，于是他用一根手指清理了她的气道)”可推知，Kimbro处理紧急状况时很冷静。故选C。【26题详解】细微环节理解题。依据倒数第三段中““AlthoughIwasshocked,mytrainingkickedin,andIwenttoworktokeepthatchildalive,”saidKimbro.ThenhebegantappingRyleigh'schest,hopingtopressherheartbackintoaction.ThankstotheCPRclass,Kimbroknewthechokingchilddidn'thaveachanceiftherewasablockage,andheusedonefingertoclearherairway.(Kimbro说：“虽然我很震惊，但我想起了我的急救训练，我起先努力让那个孩子活下来。”然后他起先轻拍Ryleigh的胸膛，希望能让她的心脏复原跳动。多亏了心肺复苏术课程，金宝知道假如有堵塞，窒息的孩子根本没有机会，于是他用一根手指清理了她的气道)”以及最终一段“Atthehospital,Ryleighrecoveredquicklythankstoadeterminedpoliceofficerwhowasintherightplaceattherighttime.(在医院里，多亏了一名坚决的警官，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点，Ryleigh很快就康复了)”可知，是Kimbro的急救让Ryleigh活了过来。故选D。【27题详解】主旨大意题。依据最终一段“Atthehospital,Ryleighrecoveredquicklythankstoadeterminedpoliceofficerwhowasintherightplaceattherighttime.(在医院里，多亏了一名坚决的警官，他在正确的时间出现在正确的地点，Ryleigh很快就康复了)”结合文章主要讲解并描述了一位警长WillKimbro通过自己的急救学问救了一个窒息的女孩Ryleigh的故事。可知，A选项“一次邂逅挽救了一条生命”最符合文章标题。故选A。CChildren'saveragedailytimespentwatchingtelevisionorusingmobiledeviceincreasedfrom53minutesat12monthsoldtomorethan150minutesat3yearsold,accordingtoananalysisbyresearchersattheNationalInstitutesofHealth.Childrenaged7weremorelikelytospendthehighestamountofscreentimeiftheyhadbeeninbadhome-basedchildcareorwereborntofirst-timemothers.“Ourresultsindicatethatscreenhabitsbeginearly,”saidEdwinaYeung,aninvestigatorinNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD),“Thisfindingsuggeststhatinterventionstoreducescreentimecouldhaveabetterchanceofsuccessifintroducedearly.”Intheresearch,mothersof4,000childrenrespondedtoquestionsontheirkids'mediahabitswhentheywere12,18,24,30,and36monthsofage.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendsavoidingdigitalmediaexposureforchildrenunder18monthsofage,introducingchildren18to24monthsofagetoscreenmediaslowly,andlimitingscreentimetoanhouradayforchildrenfrom2to5yearsofage.Inthecurrentstudy,researchersfoundthat87%ofthechildrenhadscreentimeexceedingtheserecommendations.However,whilescreentimeincreasedthroughoutinfancy,after8yearsofage,screentimefelltounder1.5hoursperday.Theresearchersbelievethisdecreaserelatestotimeconsumedbyschool-relatedactivities.Thestudyauthorsclassifiedthechildrenintotwogroupsbasedonhowmuchtheiraver-agedailyscreentimeincreasedfromage1toage3.Thefirstgroup,73%ofthetotal,hadthelowerincrease,fromanaverageofnearly51minutesadaytonearlyanhourand47minutesaday.Thesecondgroup,27%ofthetotal,hadthehigherincrease,fromnearly37minutesofscreentimeadaytoabout4hoursaday.Higherlevelsofparentaleducationwereassociatedwiththeloweroddsofinclusioninthesecondgroup.28.Whichofthefollowingisareasonforchildren'saddictiontothemedia?A.Loweconomiclevel. B.PoorfamilyeducationC.Themedia'sattraction. D.Theshortageofparents'love.29.What'sEdwina'sadvice?A.Tostopchildrenusingthemedia. B.TohelpparentscareforchildrenwellC.Toreducechildren'sscreentimeearlier D.Toincreaseinterventiontochildren30.Howdidtheauthordevelopthemainbodyofthetext?A.Bygivingsomeexamples. B.Byshowingsomedata.C.Byanalyzingsomereasons. D.Byconcludingsomeresults.31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"odds"inthelastparagraphmean?A.Probability. B.Price. C.Cost. D.Income.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明白探讨发觉儿童每天看电视或运用移动设备时间从12个月时的53分钟增加到3岁时的150分钟以上，这一问题与家庭教化有关。文章介绍了探讨开展的详细过程以及探讨结果的意义。【28题详解】细微环节理解题。依据第一段中“Childrenaged7weremorelikelytospendthehighestamountofscreentimeiftheyhadbeeninbadhome-basedchildcareorwereborntofirst-timemothers.(假如7岁的孩子没有得到良好的家庭照看，或者是第一次有母亲的孩子，他们花在屏幕上的时间会最多)”可知，不良的家庭教化是孩子们对电子媒体上瘾的缘由。故选B。【29题详解】细微环节理解题。依据其次段““Ourresultsindicatethatscreenhabitsbeginearly,”saidEdwinaYeung,aninvestigatorinNationalInstituteofChildHealthandHumanDevelopment(NICHD),“Thisfindingsuggeststhatinterventionstoreducescreentimecouldhaveabetterchanceofsuccessifintroducedearly.”(美国国家儿童健康与人类发展探讨所的探讨员EdwinaYeung说：“我们的探讨结果表明，人们对屏幕的运用习惯起先得很早。这项探讨结果表明，假如及早实行干预措施，削减屏幕运用时间的胜利率会更高。”)”可知，Edwina的建议是提前削减孩子看屏幕的时间。故选C。【30题详解】推理推断题。依据第三段“Intheresearch,mothersof4,000childrenrespondedtoquestionsontheirkids'mediahabitswhentheywere12,18,24,30,and36monthsofage.(在这项探讨中，4000名孩子的母亲在孩子12个月、18个月、24个月、30个月和36个月的时候回答了关于孩子的媒体习惯的问题)”；第三段中“TheAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendsavoidingdigitalmediaexposureforchildrenunder18monthsofage,introducingchildren18to24monthsofagetoscreenmediaslowly,andlimitingscreentimetoanhouradayforchildrenfrom2to5yearsofage.Inthecurrentstudy,researchersfoundthat87%ofthechildrenhadscreentimeexceedingtheserecommendations.(美国儿科学会建议，18个月以下的儿童应避开接触数字媒体，18至24个月的儿童应渐渐接触屏幕媒体，2至5岁的儿童应将看屏幕的时间限制在每天一小时。在目前的探讨中，探讨人员发觉87%的儿童看屏幕的时间超过了这些建议)”以及最终一段中“Thefirstgroup,73%ofthetotal,hadthelowerincrease,fromanaverageofnearly51minutesadaytonearlyanhourand47minutesaday.Thesecondgroup,27%ofthetotal,hadthehigherincrease,fromnearly37minutesofscreentimeadaytoabout4hoursaday.(第一组占总数的73%，增幅较低，从平均每天近51分钟增加到近1小时47分钟。其次组，占总数的27%，看屏幕的时间增加得更多，从每天近37分钟增加到每天约4小时)”可推知，作者通过展示一些数据来发展正文。故选B。【31题详解】词句揣测题。依据第一段中“Childrenaged7weremorelikelytospendthehighestamountofscreentimeiftheyhadbeeninbadhome-basedchildcareorwereborntofirst-timemothers.(假如7岁的孩子没有得到良好的家庭照看，或者是第一次有母亲的孩子，他们花在屏幕上的时间会最多)”；最终一段中“Thestudyauthorsclassifiedthechildrenintotwogroupsbasedonhowmuchtheiraver-agedailyscreentimeincreasedfromage1toage3.Thefirstgroup,73%ofthetotal,hadthelowerincrease,fromanaverageofnearly51minutesadaytonearlyanhourand47minutesaday.Thesecondgroup,27%ofthetotal,hadthehigherincrease,fromnearly37minutesofscreentimeadaytoabout4hoursaday.(探讨人员依据儿童从1岁到3岁平均每天看屏幕的时间增加了多少将他们分成两组。第一组占总数的73%，增幅较低，从平均每天近51分钟增加到近1小时47分钟。其次组，占总数的27%，看屏幕的时间增加得更多，从每天近37分钟增加到每天约4小时)”以及划线词上文“Higherlevelsofparentaleducationwereassociatedwiththelower”以及后文“ofinclusioninthesecondgroup”可知，家庭教化会影响孩子看屏幕的时间长短，所以父母教化程度越高，被纳入其次组的可能性就越低。划线词意思是“可能性”。A.Probability.可能性；B.Price.价格；C.Cost.成本；D.Income.收入。故选A。DIntimesofstress,particularlywhenthewatergetstoowarm,thecoral(珊瑚)eruptsthealgae(海藻),andthecoralturnswhite,causingastatecalledcoralbleaching(漂白).Justafewdegreesofheatcanleadtocoralbleaching,puttingthecoralonapathtostarvationanddeath.Drivenbyclimatechange,marineheatwavesarebecomingoneofthegreatestthreatstotheexistenceofcoral,whichisimportanttotheoceanecology.Butinsomeraregoodnewsresearchershavediscoveredcoralcanrecoverfrombleachingevenbeforeaheatwaveends,suggestingithasthepotentialtosurvivelongheatwaves.Coralwasthoughttosurviveonlyifaheatwavelastedjustafewweeks.Butnoonehadstudiedthisprocessduringalongerheatwave.Thenin2015,JuliaBaum,amarineecologistattheUniversityofVictoria,beganasurveyoftwocommonspecies:brainandstarcoralaroundKiritimatiinthecentralPacificOcean.Theycheckedtheconditionofthecoralastheheatwavestruckanddisappeared.StartinginMay2015,thetemperatureroseabout1℃within2months.Asexpected,coralthathousedheat-sensitivealgaebleachedsoonerthanthosehousingtheheat-tolerantkindofalgae.Asthewatercontinuedtowarm,evenheat-tolerantalgaeerupted.ManybrainandstarcoralonKiritimatirecoveredfrombleachingwhilethewaterwasstillunusuallywarm.Baumsaid,"Theunexpectedrecoveryprovidesnewhope,becauseitmeansthatevenunderlastingheatwaves,there'sapathforwardforsomeofthem."Anunusualfeatureoftherecoveryisthatbraincoralthatstartedoutwithheat-sensitivealgaehadahighersurvivalrate(82%)thancoralthatbeganwithheat-tolerantalgae(25%)."Thatfindingissurprising,"saidBaum,expectingthatheat-tolerantalgaewouldbebettersuitedforhelpingcoralsurviveaheatwave.Butduringalongerheatwave,itmightbemoreadvantageoustostartwithaheat-sensitivealgae.32.Whatresultsincoralbleaching?A.Thewhitealgae. B.Thecoral'sdeath.C.Anattackofwaves. D.Ariseinoceantemperature.33.WhydidBaumbeginthesurvey?A.Toprovethatcoralcanstopclimatechange.B.Tostudyhowcoralbleachingcomesabout.C.TofigureoutwhethercoralsurviveslongheatwavesD.Toexplainwhycoralbleachingisabigthreattocoral34.HowdidBaumfeelaboutthefinding?A.Ashamed. B.ConfusedC.Worried. D.Astonished.35.Whatcanthefindingbeusedtodo?A.Protecttheoceanenvironment. B.Reducecoralbleaching.C.Growmoredifferentalgae. D.Regulatetheheatwave.【答案】32.D33.C34.D35.A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲解并描述了探讨人员发觉，珊瑚甚至可以在热浪结束前从白化中复原，这表明它有可能在长时间的热浪中生存下来。【32题详解】细微环节理解题。依据文章第一段“Justafewdegreesofheatcanleadtocoralbleaching,puttingthecoralonapathtostarvationanddeath.（仅仅几度的高温就会导致珊瑚白化，让珊瑚走上饥饿和死亡的道路。）”可知，海洋温度上升导致珊瑚白化。故选D。【33题详解】推理推断题。依据文章第三段“Butnoonehadstudiedthisprocessduringalongerheatwave.Thenin2015,JuliaBaum,…Theycheckedtheconditionofthecoralastheheatwavestruckanddisappeared.（但没有人探讨过长时间热浪期间的这一过程。2015年，维多利亚高校(UniversityofVictoria)海洋生态学家朱莉娅·鲍姆(JuliaBaum)起先对太平洋中部基里蒂马提旁边的两种常见物种——脑珊瑚和星珊瑚进行调查。当热浪袭来并消逝时，他们检查了珊瑚的状况。）”可知，他起先调查的目的是为了弄清晰珊瑚是否能在长时间的热浪中存活。故选C。【34题详解】推理推断题。依据文章最终一段“"Thatfindingissurprising,"saidBaum,expectingthatheat-tolerantalgaewouldbebettersuitedforhelpingcoralsurviveaheatwave.（“这一发觉令人惊异，”鲍姆说，他预料耐热藻类更适合帮助珊瑚在热浪中生存。）”可推知，Baum对于这个发觉感到很惊异。故选D。【35题详解】推理推断题。依据文章其次段“Drivenbyclimatechange,marineheatwavesarebecomingoneofthegreatestthreatstotheexistenceofcoral,whichisimportanttotheoceanecology.Butinsomeraregoodnewsresearchershavediscoveredcoralcanrecoverfrombleachingevenbeforeaheatwaveends,suggestingithasthepotentialtosurvivelongheatwaves.Coralwasthoughttosurviveonlyifaheatwavelastedjustafewweeks.（在气候变更的推动下，海洋热浪正在称为影响珊瑚生存的重大威逼之一，珊瑚对海洋生态系统特别重要。但有一个难得的好消息，探讨人员发觉，珊瑚甚至可以在热浪结束前从白化中复原，这表明它有可能在长时间的热浪中生存下来。珊瑚被认为只有在热浪持续几周的状况下才能存活。）”可知，珊瑚对海洋生态系统特别重要，而探讨人员发觉珊瑚可以在热浪结束前从白化中复原，这样珊瑚就可以接着发挥自己的作用。由此推知，这个发觉可以用于爱护海洋环境。故选A。其次节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Iknowyouprobablydon'trealizeit,"Boothtoldhermother,"butyouspendthefirst20to30minutesofeveryconversationcomplaining."Whenhermotherobjected,thetwoagreedtostartkeepingarunningtimer."Whenwesitdowntotalk,I'llbringanotebook,"Boothsays."Whenshestartscomplaining,shewillseemewriting,catchherself,thenstop."___36___.Butbeforelong,itwasclearthatBooth'sinterventionnotonlyhelpedhermother,italsohelpedtheirrelationship.So,howdoyougetachronic（长期的）complainertorealizetheproblemforthesakeofyourhealthandhis?Changethesubject.___37___,somecomplainerswillchangetheirmood.Ifyourneighboriscomplainingaboutthephonecompany,tellhimaboutanunexpectedcallyoureceivedfromanoldfriend.Ifyourcoworkeriscomplainingaboutyourboss,askwhetherhemetthenewemployee.___38___.Whenachroniccomplainertellsyouabouthislatestproblem,asknicelywhathehasdonetoimproveit.Summarizethecomplaint.Ifyourcomplainerkeepsrepeatinghimselfhemaystopifyoushowthatyou'relistening.___39___.Behonest.Whenyouhavethingstodo,tellthecomplainerthatyoumustcuttheconversationshort.___40___.Ratherthanpointingafingerattheotherperson,focusontheeffectit'shavingonyou.A.TellthecomplainertostopB.ChallengethepersontoactC.AskthecomplainerwhattheproblemisD.YoumaynotbebraveandconfidentlikeBoothE.YoucansimplytellthetruthandtalkaboutthetopicgentlyF.IfyoushifttheconversationinadirectionthatintereststhemG.Youcantellhimwhatyouhaveheardtoshowthemainpoints【答案】36.D37.F38.B39.G40.E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍如何与爱埋怨的人相处。【36题详解】依据上文提示“Whenhermotherobjected,thetwoagreedtostartkeepingarunningtimer.‘Whenwesitdowntotalk,I'llbringanotebook,’Boothsays.‘Whenshestartscomplaining,shewillseemewriting,catchherself,thenstop.’”（当她母亲反对时，两人同意起先计时。Booth说:“我们坐下来谈的时候，我会带一个笔记本。”“当她起先埋怨时，她会看到我在写东西，限制自己，然后停止。”）再依据下文提示“Butbeforelong,itwasclearthatBooth'sinterventionnotonlyhelpedhermother,italsohelpedtheirrelationship.”（但不久,很明显,Booth的干预不仅帮助了她的母亲,也帮助了他们的关系。）承接上下文，D项YoumaynotbebraveandconfidentlikeBooth（你可能没有Booth那么英勇自信。）切题。该项中的likeBooth承接上文内容，下文的But与横线处构成转折关系。故选D。【37题详解】分析句子结构___2___,somecomplainerswillchangetheirmood.可知，横线处应当是一个状语从句或非谓语动词开头的句子，在七个选项中只有F项符合要求；再依据下文提示“somecomplainerswillchangetheirmood.”（一些爱埋怨的人会变更他们的心情。）顺承下文，F项Ifyoushifttheconversationinadirectionthatintereststhem（假如你能把谈话引向他们感爱好的方向）切题。该项中的intereststhem与changetheirmood保持一样。故选F。【38题详解】依据下文提示“Whenachroniccomplainertellsyouabouthislatestproblem,asknicelywhathehasdonetoimproveit.”（当一个常常