04江苏扬州卷-2023年中考英语新材料信息卷

【名师研究】2023年中考英语新材料信息卷04江苏扬州卷（满分120分，考试时间100分钟）一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。1．TheYellowRiverDeltaNationalNatureReserve(黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区)isthe________ofmorethansixmillionbirds.A．area B．home C．house D．family【答案】B【解析】句意：黄河三角洲国家自然保护区是600多万只鸟类的家园。考查名词辨析。area地区；home家，侧重生长的环境；house房子；family家庭，侧重家庭成员。根据语境及事实可知，黄河三角洲国家自然保护区内有大量的鸟，因此是鸟类的天堂或家园，故选B。2．—WhatelsedidthestudentsaskChineseastronautNieHaishengaboutthespacestation?—Theyaskedhim________.A．howlongwouldhestaythere B．whenhewillarriveC．howdidhemunicatewithhisfamily D．howmuchthespacesuitcost【答案】D【解析】句意：——关于空间站，学生们还问了中国航天员聂海胜什么？——他们问他航天服多少钱。考查宾语从句。短文大意句子可知，空格处是宾语从句，应为陈述语序，故排除A、C选项。根据“asked”可知，主句是一般过去时，从句也应为过去的某种时态，B选项是一般将来时，故排除。故选D。3．Therearereportsthatanimals________wildlifetourism.It’snotsafeforpeople.A．areusedfor B．areusedfrom C．usedto D．usedby【答案】A【解析】句意：有报道称动物被用于野生动物旅游。这对人们来说不安全。考查动词短语。areusedfor被用于……；areusedfrom一般不和from连用；usedto过去常常；usedby被……使用；根据“animals...wildlifetourism.It’snotsafeforpeople.”可知，此处指的是“动物被用于野生动物旅游”，故选A。4．—WorldBookDayis________April23rdeveryyear.—Isee.Morethan100countriesaroundtheworldholdallkindsofreadingactivities.A．at B．in C．on D．by【答案】C【解析】句意：——每年的4月23日是世界读书日。——我知道。全球100多个国家举办各种各样的阅读活动。考查时间介词辨析。at后接具体时刻；in后接某年某月某季节；on后接具体一天；by到……为止。“April23rd”是具体的一天，应填on，故选C。5．Heasked_________.A．howwastheweathertodayB．whereGraceridesabikeC．whenWangYapingreturnedtotheearthD．thatBryanplayedsoccerwell【答案】C【解析】句意：他问王亚平什么时候返回地球。考查宾语从句。根据“Heasked”可知，该句是含有宾语从句的复合句，宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除A项；主句时态为一般过去时，从句也要用过去时态，排除B项；再根据“asked”可知，其后通常接疑问词引导的宾语从句，排除D项。故选C。6．—Nowwecan“planttrees”atthebottomofthesea.—It’sanewwayto__________thesea.A．paint B．protect C．create D．describe【答案】B【解析】句意：——现在我们可以在海底“植树”。——这是一种保护海洋的新方法。考查动词辨析。paint画；protect保护；create创造；describe描述。根据“can‘planttrees’atthebottomofthesea”可知，在海底“植树”是为了保护海洋，故选B。7．—DoesthecolourredrepresentgoodthingsinChineseculture?—Yes.Butwritingone’snameinredisnotgood,andweusually________it.A．avoid B．advise C．allow D．accept【答案】A【解析】句意：——红色在中国文化中代表好东西吗？——是的。但是用红色写名字是不好的，我们通常避免这样做。考查动词辨析。avoid避免；advise建议；allow允许；accept接受。根据“Butwritingone’snameinredisnotgood”可知，此处指应该避免使用红色写名字。故选A。8．OnthetraditionalChinesecalendar,Qingming,meaningclearandbright,isonthefourthorfifthdayofApril.A．falls B．jumps C．walks D．runs【答案】A【解析】句意：在中国传统的日历上，4月4日或5日是清明，意味着清澈和明亮。考查动词辨析。falls落在，出现，发生；jumps跳跃；walks散步；runs跑步。根据“isonthefourthorfifthdayofApril”可知，清明节落在4月4日或5日，故选A。9．—Ifindtherearemoreandmoreoverweightchildreninourschool.—Exactly,soweshouldhavegoodeating________.A．tasks B．choices C．grades D．habits【答案】D【解析】句意：——我发现我们学校超重的孩子越来越多。——没错，所以我们应该有良好的饮食习惯。考查名词辨析。tasks任务；choices选择；grades成绩；habits习惯。根据“weshouldhavegoodeating...”可知是有好的饮食习惯。故选D。10．Huaweihasputsomuchintoresearch________ithasbeeagreatpanyintheworld.A．that B．while C．because D．as【答案】A【解析】句意：华为在研究上投入了如此多,以至于它已经成为世界上一家伟大的公司。考查连词辨析。that常与so连用，so...that意为“如此……以至于”；while当……时候；because因为；as作为。根据题干可知，本题考查固定词组so...that，that引导结果状语从句，故选A。11．Pollutionhasharmedourlivesinmanydifferentwaysuntilnow.A．somuch B．sofar C．asusual D．asbefore【答案】B【解析】句意：直到现在，污染在很多不同的方面危害我们的生活。考查短语辨析。somuch如此多；sofar到目前为止；asusual像往常一样；asbefore像以前一样。untilnow意为“直到现在”，与sofar同义。故选B。12．—Anunclearpictureofafarawayblackhole________scientistsaroundtheworldthesedays,asitmightsolvesomeofthebiggestproblemsaboutouruniverse.—It’sunbelievable!A．isexcited B．wasexcited C．hadexcited D．hasexcited【答案】D【解析】句意：——近日，一张关于遥远黑洞的模糊照片令世界各地的科学家兴奋不已，因为它可能会解决一些与我们的宇宙有关的最大的难题。——真是不可思议！考查现在完成时。根据“thesedays”并结合句意可知，此处使用现在完成时，结构为have/hasdone，句中“asitmightsolvesomeofthebiggestproblemsaboutouruniverse”表示对现在造成的影响，即：这张模糊照片可能会解决与我们的宇宙有关的最大的难题。故选D。13．—AnynewsaboutChina’sspacestation?Doyouknow________?—Attheendof2022,Ithink.A．whenitwillbeinservice B．whereitwillbesentupC．whenwillitbeinservice D．wherewillitbesentup【答案】A【解析】句意：——有关于中国空间站的消息吗？你知道它什么时候可以使用吗？——我想2022年底。考查宾语从句。根据“宾语从句要用陈述句语序”的原则，排除C/D选项；根据回答“Attheendof2022,Ithink.”可知，此处问的是时间，应用when引导，故选A。14．Toothhealthplaysanimportantpartinourdailylife.Totakegoodcareofourteeth,weshouldn’t________.①brushourteetheveryday②eattoomuchcandy③gotothedentist’sregularly(定期地)④brushourteethwithtoohotortoocoldwater⑤havesoftdrinksoftenA．①③⑤ B．②③④ C．②④⑤【答案】C【解析】句意：牙齿健康在我们的日常生活中起着重要的作用。要照顾好我们的牙齿，我们不应该吃太多糖果、用太热或太冷的水刷牙、经常喝软饮料。考查常识。brushourteetheveryday每天刷牙；eattoomuchcandy吃太多糖果；gotothedentist’sregularly定期去看牙医；brushourteethwithtoohotortoocoldwater用太热或太冷的水刷牙；havesoftdrinksoften经常喝饮料。根据常识可知，②④⑤是不好的习惯，不应该做，故选C。15．—Englishisdifficult________atthebeginning.—Yes,butifyoukeep________,youcanmakeprogress.A．tobelearned;trying B．tolearn;tryingC．tobelearned;totry D．tolearn;totry【答案】B【解析】句意：——英语刚开始很难学。——是的，但如果你继续努力，你会取得进展的。考查非谓语动词。根据“Englishisdifficult…”可知，此处使用动词不定式的主动形式表被动，排除AC；keepdoingsth继续做某事，使用动名词作宾语，故选B。二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。Whenyou’restillstrongenough,whatkindofholidaywillyouwanttotake?_____16_____you’reunder30now,perhapsyou’llbeabletotakeaholidayinspace!AJapanesepany,Shimizu,_____17_____toopenthefirsthotelinspacewithin15years.Itwantstooffer3–day_____18_____inaspacestation,whichwillbebiggerthantheInternationalSpaceStation.However,holidaysinspacewillbevery_____19_____!About90,000dollarsforseventytwohours!Shimizubelievesthatthereareenoughpeoplewhowillbe_____20_____topaytheprice.OtherpaniesinJapanandtheUSAalreadyplanto_____21_____hotelsonthemoon.Shimizuisquiteseriousaboutthis,_____22_____theycan’tstartbuildingtheirspacehotelsyet.First,theywillhavetofindashuttle（航天飞机）thatcanbeusedfor_____23_____timesandcanalsobeusedforbusiness.Therearenosuchshuttlesatthemoment.OldAmericanshuttles,suchasAtlantisandColumbia,wereveryexpensivetolaunch（发射）.Theyhadtobelaunchedintospacewithabigrocket_____24_____couldn’tbereused.Inthefuture,shuttleswillbeabletotakeoffand_____25_____onthegroundontheirown,probablylikeairplanes.Theywillbemuchcheaper.However,wedon’thavesuchshuttles_____26_____;Americansareworkingonthem,buttheplanwillnot_____27_____inashorttime.However,thatisnottheonlydifficulty.Thereareotherbig_____28_____,too.Howwillordinarypeoplereact（对……作出反应）tolifeinspace?Itwillstilltaketoday’sastronauts（宇航员）monthsto_____29_____beforegoingintospace.Theyhavetobeintopformbecausetheyneedstrongandhealthybodieswhenlivinginspace.Holidaysinspacewillnotbeseentomorrow,buttheywill_____30_____oneday.16．A．As B．Or C．But D．If17．A．plants B．plans C．phones D．picks18．A．games B．holidays C．breaks D．camps19．A．enjoyable B．high C．slow D．expensive20．A．hard B．terrible C．ready D．interested21．A．change B．make C．open D．close22．A．and B．but C．so D．then23．A．few B．little C．many D．abit24．A．which B．what C．whom D．where25．A．stop B．land C．fall D．take26．A．yet B．already C．almost D．always27．A．workon B．cutout C．etrue D．pickup28．A．methods B．advantages C．problems D．characters29．A．train B．1ive C．sleep D．land30．A．go B．return C．realize D．e【短文大意】本文主要介绍了日本清水公司要在太空上开设宾馆的计划，以及要实现该计划他们要做的准备工作。【答案解析】16．句意：如果你现在不到30岁，也许你能去太空度假！As作为；Or或者；But但是；If如果。根据句意可知，“you’reunder30now”是“perhapsyou’llbeabletotakeaholidayinspace!”的假设条件，空处应是if引导的条件状语从句。故选D。17．句意：日本清水公司计划在15年内开设第一家太空酒店。plants种植；plans计划；phones打；picks捡起。根据“toopenthefirsthotelinspacewithin15years”可知，此处指考查plantodosth“计划做某事”，表示计划在15年内开设第一家太空酒店。故选B。18．句意：它希望在空间站提供3天的假期，这将比国际空间站更大。games游戏；holidays假期；breaks休息；camps露营。根据“holidaysinspace”可知，空处指假期。故选B。19．句意：然而，在太空度假将非常昂贵。enjoyable快乐的；high高的；slow矮的；expensive昂贵的。根据“About90,000dollarsforseventytwohours!”可知，在太空度假很昂贵。故选D。20．句意：清水相信有足够多的人愿意为此付出代价。hard努力的；terrible糟糕的；ready准备好的；interested感兴趣的。根据“believesthatthereareenoughpeoplewhowillbe....topaytheprice.”可知，此处考查bereadytodo“准备好做某事”，本句指的是有足够多的人愿意付高价去度假。故选C。21．句意：日本和美国的其他公司已经计划在月球上开酒店。change改变；make制造；open开；close关闭。根据上文“toopenthefirsthotelinspace”可知，这里说的是其他公司在月球上开酒店的计划。故选C。22．句意：清水公司对此很认真，但他们还不能开始建造太空旅馆。and和；but但是；so因此；then然后。根据句意可知，空前空后是转折关系，应用but连接。故选B。23．句意：首先，他们必须找到一架可以多次使用，也可以用于商业的航天飞机。few几乎没有的，修饰可数名词复数；little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；many许多，修饰可数名词复数；abit一点，副词。times是可数名词复数，故排除B、D；根据常识可知，建造太空宾馆不是一天的事情，所以该航天飞机应是要被多次使用，故选C。24．句意：它们必须用不能重复使用的大火箭发射到太空。which哪一个；what什么；whom谁；where在哪里。该句是定语从句，先行词是abigrocket，表示物，且在句中作主语。所以用which作关系词。故选A。25．句意：在未来，航天飞机将能够自己起飞并且着落，可能就像飞机一样。stop停止；land着陆；fall落下；take带走。根据“beabletotakeoffand...onthegroundontheirown”可知，此处指飞机自主起飞或降落，与takeoff相对的是land。故选B。26．句意：但是，我们还没有这样的航天飞机。yet还，常用于否定句或疑问句；already已经；almost几乎；always总是。根据“don’t”可知，本句是否定句，表示还没有这样的飞机。故选A。27．句意：美国人正在为此努力，但这个计划不会在短时间内实现。workon对……起作用；cutout切断；etrue实现；pickup捡起。根据“buttheplanwillnot...inashorttime.”可知，此处指计划在短时间内无法实现。etrue符合语境。故选C。28．句意：还有其他大问题。methods方法；advantages优势；problems问题；characters特征。根据“thatisnottheonlydifficulty”可知，还有其他问题，故选C。29．句意：今天的宇航员在进入太空之前仍需要数月的训练。train训练；live居住；sleep睡觉；land土地。根据“taketoday’sastronauts（宇航员）monthsto...beforegoingintospace.”和“Theyhavetobeintopformbecausetheyneedstrongandhealthybodieswhenlivinginspace.”可知，进入太空前，宇航员需要数月的训练。故选A。30．句意：太空假期不会在明天出现，但总有一天会来的。go去；return返回；realize意识到；e来。根据“Holidaysinspacewillnotbeseentomorrow,”可知，此处指总有一天太空假期会来的，只有D选项符合语境。故选D。三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，计30分）阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。AAschoolinTianjinisgoingtouseanewwaytodecidewhoisthebeststudent.Differentrulesstandfordifferentpoints.Everystudenthasonehundredpointsinthebeginning.Ifastudentbreaksarule,hisorhergradewillbereduced.Ifone’sgradeisunder80,theteacherwillhaveatalkwithhisorherparents.Let’sseesomeoftherules.Don’tcheat.Atschoolyoumustn’tcopyothers’homeworkorpapers.You’lllose5pointsifyoudothat.Trytohelpothers.Youshouldlearntohelpothers,suchassharingbookswithclassmates,helpingteacherscarryboxesandcleaningtheclassroom.Onegoodthingyoudomeans3pointsyouget.Neversmoke.Thisisthemostimportantrule.Smokingisbadforyourhealth.Don’tdoit!Ifyousmoke,you’lllose10points.UsetheInternetcarefully.TheInternetcanbeveryusefulforyourstudies.ButnooneisallowedtousethesmartphonetosurftheInternetduringtheclass,oryourgradewillbereducedby5points.Ifyou’refoundtoplaygamesonyoursmartphoneatschool,you’lllose5points.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reduced”meaninChinese?A．传播 B．增加 C．评注 D．降低32．Whichruleismoreimportantthantheothersaccordingtothepassage?A．Don’tcheatintheexam. B．Giveothersahand.C．Say“No”tosmoking. D．Don’tplaygamesonthesmartphoneatschool.33．Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?A．HowtobethebeststudentinaschoolinTianjin.B．FeelingsofbeingthebeststudentinaschoolinTianjin.C．WhytobethebeststudentinaschoolinTianjin.D．TheadvantagesofbeingthebeststudentinaschoolinTianjin.【短文大意】本文主要介绍了一所天津的中学如何决定最佳学生的新方法。【答案解析】31．词义猜测题。根据“Ifastudentbreaksarule,hisorhergradewillbereduced.”可知，学生违反了规则，分数应该会降低。reduced应表示”降低”之意。故选D。32．细节理解题。根据“Neversmoke.”和“Thisisthemostimportantrule.”可知，不吸烟这一条最重要。故选C。33．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一所天津的中学如何决定最佳学生的新方法。故选A。BChenLiang,aboyinShanghai,hasalwaysbeeninterestedinwildanimals,especiallypolarbears.Whenhewasafourthgrader,hewasaskedtomakeaprojectabouthowclimatechange(气候变化)influencedhisfavoriteanimal.Whendoinghisresearchonline,insteadofgettinginformationaboutthepolarbear,hefoundstoriesaboutFinkbeiner—aGermanboywhohadbeencallingonchildrenaroundtheworldtohelpslowtheEarth’swarmingbyplantingtreesontheplanet.“Peopleknowtheenvironmentalproblemsandtheytalksomuchaboutthesolutions.Butwedon’tknowwhythereislittleaction.Perhapswehavetodependonourselvestosaveourfuture.”Finkbeiner,saidatUNGA(theUnitedNationsGeneralAssembly联合国大会).Finkbeineralsointroducedthathestartedagroupcalled“PlantforthePlanet”.Ithadplantedover14billiontreesinmorethan130countries.Afterknowingthis,ChenLiangmadeadecision:tojointhegroup,andtoplant1000treesinChinabyhimself.Hetalkedaboutitwithhisschoolmatesandhisheadteacher.Theydisregardedhiswords,buttheboyrememberedhisgoal.Twomonthslater,whenotherschoolmatesforgotwhathehadsaid,ChenLianghadsuccessfullyplantedhisfirsttree,anorangetree,nearthefrontdoorofhisschool.Hisactionshowedthathewasserious.NowChenLiangisaninthgradestudent.Heisbusierwithhisstudy;buthedoesn’tforgethiswords.Hehasplanted397treesinShanghai,XinjiangandotherplacesacrossfromChina.ThosetreescouldtakeintonsofCO2everyyear.“WhatIhavedonehasmademanyofmyschoolmatespayattentiontotheenvironmentalproblem.Wearenotjusttalkingaboutit.Wenotonlyplantmoretrees,butalsomakevideosonlinetoletmorepeopleseeus.Let’stakeactiontogether!”ChenLiangissoproud.34．Finkbeiner’swordsatUNGAinParagraph2arementionedto________.A．leadtothestoryofFinkbeiner B．explainthereasonforChenLiang’sdecisionC．startthetopicofclimatechange D．showFinkbeinerplantedmanytreesworldwide35．Theunderlinedword“disregarded”inParagraph3probablymeans________inEnglish.A．paidnoattentionto B．thoughthighlyofC．werestronglyagainst D．showedtrustin36．Accordingtothepassage,wecaninferthat________.A．ChenLiang’sfavoriteanimalisthepolarbearB．ChenLiangmakesfriendswithFinkbeinerC．ChenLiang’sactionspeakslouderthanhiswordsD．ChenLiangstartedagroupcalled“PlantforthePlanet”37．Thebesttitleforthepassagewouldbe________.A．TwoBoys’Stories B．StopTalking:StartPlantingC．ChenLiang’sChange D．AGreatGroup:“PlantforthePlanet”【短文大意】本文介绍了上海男孩陈亮用实际行动来保护地球的故事。【答案解析】34．推理判断题。根据“Peopleknowtheenvironmentalproblemsandtheytalksomuchaboutthesolutions.Butwedon’tknowwhythereislittleaction.Perhapswehavetodependonourselvestosaveourfuture.”和“Afterknowingthis,ChenLiangmadeadecision:tojointhegroup,andtoplant1000treesinChinabyhimself.”可知引出Finkbeiner的话的目的是解释陈亮做决定种树的原因。故选B。35．词句推断题。根据“Theydisregardedhiswords,buttheboyrememberedhisgoal.”可知but表转折，因此是同学和老师并没在意。故选A。36．推理判断题。根据“NowChenLiangisaninthgradestudent.Heisbusierwithhisstudy;buthedoesn’tforgethiswords.Hehasplanted397treesinShanghai,XinjiangandotherplacesacrossfromChina.”可知陈亮没有说过多的话，而是用实际行动在保护环境。故选C。37．最佳标题题。根据“Let’stakeactiontogether!”和陈亮的行动证明了不要光说不做，行动胜于言语，因此B选项符合。故选B。C

Althoughpublichealthservicepointedoutmanyproblemsaboutsoftdrinkslikecocacola,westilldrinkthemtoomuch.Actually,softdrinkconsumption(消费)increasedfrom43.1kilosperpersonin2000to70.6kilosin2022.

However,noteveryonedrinksthem.Twonewstudiesshowthefactthatsomeofuswillbuyanddrinkmoresoftdrinksthanothers.

Thefirststudy,byresearchersatFlandersUniversity,triedtounderstandwhy.Itfoundthatsomepeopleknowit’sunhealthytobuysoftdrinks,buttheyjustignore(忽略)theunhealthyfact.Afterall,sugarmakesthemhappy!

ItalsofoundthatthesoftdrinkpaniesputinterestingadsonTVprogramstodrawpeople’sattention.Colorfulpicturesandcooldrinksmakeithardforpeopletofightagainstthethoughtofbuyingabottleofcola.Somesmartersoftdrinkpaniesevenputthewordslike“fun,happinessandfriendshipforyoungpeople”or“___▲___”intotheirads.Theseactiveandmeaningfulwordsgivesomepeoplegoodexcusestobuysoftdrinks.

Thesecondstudyprovidesinformationaboutwhoisthetargetpopulation(目标人群).Theyfoundthatsoftdrinkpanies,likeCocaColaandPepsiCo,spendbillionsofdollarsonsuchtargetpopulationaschildren,teenagersandyoungadults.Softdrinks,even“zerosugar”ones,arehighincalories(热量).Withmoreandmoreconsumptionofsoftdrinks,theseyoungpeople“buy”increasedbodyweightandincreasedriskofhealthproblems.

JoshuaMcGreen,theleadresearcher,suggestedweshouldstopsomesoftdrinkadsforsports,“It’sespeciallyimportantforsportsstarstostopmakingadsonTVprogramsforsoftdrinks.”Andheisnowstudyinganewmobileappwhichcanhelppeopletokeepthemselvesfromsoftdrinks.

AnotherresearcherRosemaryStantonsaidweshouldstartbytrainingthetastebuds(味蕾)ofyoungchildrentomilkandwateronly,“Bygivingthemsweetdrinksatanearlyage,wegivetheirtastebudstheexpectationthatthirstwillonlybesatisfiedbysomethingsweet,whichmaybejuiceorsoftdrinks.”Sheadded,“Toavoidthebadhabit,let’sgetbacktotheworldwithonlywaterandmilk.”38．Somepeoplestillbuysoftdrinksbecause______makesthemhappy.A．sugar B．water C．salt D．milk39．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe___▲___?A．eandbuyoursoftdrinks B．softdrinkswithsportstalentsC．moresoftdrinks,morepressure D．softdrinksareunhealthyforbody40．Accordingtotheresearchers,weshould_______.A．producemore“zerosugar”softdrinksB．stopchildrenfromwatchingadsonTVprogramsC．allowchildrentohavesweetdrinksatapropertimeD．trainchildrenatanearlyagetodrinkmilkandwateronly41．Thefollowingisamindmapofthepassage.Tofillintheblanks,whichchoicemaybethebest?A．①examples②facts③what B．①suggestions②facts③whatC．①examples②purpose③who D．①suggestions②purpose③who【短文大意】本文主要讲了喝饮料的问题，短文大意了它的害处并短文大意了人们喜欢喝饮料的原因，并建议应该从训练幼儿的味蕾开始，让他们只喝牛奶和水。【答案解析】38．细节理解题。根据“Afterall,sugarmakesthemhappy”可知，糖让他们开心，故选A。39．推理判断题。根据“Somesmartersoftdrinkpaniesevenputthewordslike‘fun,happinessandfriendshipforyoungpeople’”及“Theseactiveandmeaningfulwordsgivesomepeoplegoodexcusestobuysoftdrinks”可知，这里面应填入的是能吸引人们购买饮料的广告语，且这些广告语是积极的和有意义的，B选项“运动达人饮料”符合语境，故选B。40．细节理解题。根据“Toavoidthebadhabit,let’sgetbacktotheworldwithonlywaterandmilk”可知，我们应该在孩子很小的时候就训练他们只喝牛奶和水，故选D。41．推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段和第二段介绍了饮料消费的背景；第三段和第四段介绍了关于饮料的第一个研究；第五段介绍了第二个研究；第六段和第七段分别提出了两位研究者的建议，所以第一空填suggestions，排除A和C选项。根据“Thefirststudy,byresearchersatFlandersUniversity,triedtounderstandwhy”可知，第一个研究先讲了调查的目的，排除B选项，故选D。DFossilofNewDinosaurFoundinChongqingByDRinChongqing|chinadaily|2022031016:18FossilremainsofanewkindofplanteatingdinosaurwerefoundinYunyangCounty,Chongqingrecently.Theanimalistheoldestofitskindonland,suggestingthatstegosaursmayhaveefromAsia.Ageological(地勘)teamfromChongqing,workingwithLondon’sNaturalHistoryMuseum,gavethenewkindofstegosauranewname—Bushanosaurusprimitivus(元始巴山龙).“Bashan”inthename“Bashanosaurus”meanstheplaceinChongqingwhereitwasfound,and“primitivus”meansfirst.Therearefouroldeststegosaursfoundintheworld.TwoareinMoroccoandArgentina.TheothertwoareinChina—onefoundinZigong,SichuanProvincetheotherfoundrecentlyinYunyangCounty,Chongqing.YunyangPu’anGeopark(地质公园)willbeopensoon.ThestudentsinYunyangCountyhavealreadyheardthattheycanstudydinosaursthere.“Weknowthatmorefossilremainswillbefound.Ijustcan’twaittohaveaninterestinggeographyandhistoryclassinthisgeopark!”saidonestudent.42．AccordingtothenewdiscoveryinChongqing,stegosaurmayhaveefrom________.A．Asia B．Africa C．Europe D．NorthAmerica43．WeCAN’Tfindtheworld’sfouroldeststegosaursin________.A．Morocco B．Chongqing C．London D．Zigong44．Thestudentsare________toknowthattheycanstudydinosaursinYunyangPu’anGeopark.A．surprised B．excited C．sorry D．angry45．Thepassageaboveisprobably(a)________.A．story B．letter C．play D．news【短文大意】本文介绍最近在重庆云阳县发现了一种新的食草恐龙化石的情况。【答案解析】42．细节理解题。根据“Theanimalistheoldestofitskindonland,suggestingthatstegosaursmayhaveefromAsia.”可知，剑龙可能来自亚洲，故选A。43．细节理解题。根据“Therearefouroldeststegosaursfoundintheworld.TwoareinMoroccoandArgentina.TheothertwoareinChina—onefoundinZigong,SichuanProvincetheotherfoundrecentlyinYunyangCounty,Chongqing.”可知，世界上发现了四种最古老的剑龙。其中两个在摩洛哥和阿根廷。另外两个在中国，一个在四川自贡，另一个最近在重庆云阳县被发现。故选C。44．推理判断题。根据“Ijustcan’twaittohaveaninterestinggeographyandhistoryclassinthisgeopark!”可知，学生们迫不及待了，所以很兴奋。故选B。45．推理判断题。根据“ByDRinChongqing|chinadaily|2022031016:18”可知，本文是新闻。故选D。四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词适当形式填空。（每空一词）46．Peoplebuycarssothattheycanhave______

(much)timetodootherthings.【答案】more【解析】句意：人们买车是为了有更多的时间做其他事情。much表示“许多”，修饰不可数名词；根据“Peoplebuycarssothattheycanhave...timetodootherthings.”可知，人们买了车，如此一来他们就有更多的时间做别的事情；more“更多的”，much的比较级，作定语修饰名词“time”。故填more。47．Atlasttheyweresotiredthattheirpoorlittlelegscouldcarrythemnofarther,sothey______(lie)downunderatreeandwenttosleep.【答案】lay【解析】句意：最后，他们太累了，以至于他们可怜的腿无法带他们走得更远，于是他们在一棵树下躺下来睡着了。根据“downunderatreeandwenttosleep”可知是躺在树下，原句是过去时，空格处应用lie的过去式lay，故填lay。48．Itisveryeasy______(municate)withthelocalpeoplewhenyouareinHainan.【答案】tomunicate【解析】句意：当你在海南的时候，和当地人交流是很容易的。此处考查句型Itis+adj.+todosth.，意为“做某事是……的”，动词前加to，动词不定式作主语，it为形式主语，故填tomunicate。49．Fromthenon,BeijinghadbeenthecapitaloftheJin,Yuan,MingandQing______(dynasty)until1911.【答案】dynasties【解析】句意：从那时起，北京一直是金、元、明、清王朝的首都，直到1911年。dynasty“朝代”，名词；根据“theJin,Yuan,MingandQing”可知，此处要用复数形式dynasties。故填dynasties。50．The

foreignway

may

be__________(taste)

,

but

theChineseway

is

much

healthier

andfull

of

wisdom.【答案】tastier【解析】句意：外国的方式可能更美味，但中国的方式要健康得多，充满智慧。根据“buttheChinesewayismuchhealthier”可知，前后产生对比，故taste需先变为形容词“tasty”，后变为其比较级“tastier”，表示外国的方式更加美味。故填tastier。51．Ithasbeenalreadyshowntobepossibleatsomedegreeby______(俄罗斯人)andChinese,butthismightbemorelikethepredictionof2100.【答案】Russians【解析】句意：俄罗斯人和中国人已经在某种程度上证明了这是可能的，但这可能更像是对2100年的预测。Russian“俄罗斯人”，可数名词，此处应用复数形式。故填Russians。52．“Yearbyyear,”hesaid,“wearebuildingatruesenseofmunityacrossthe______Ocean(太平洋).”【答案】Pacific【解析】句意：“年复一年，”他说，“我们正在太平洋上建立真正的社区意识。”由所给的汉语提示可知，“太平洋”译成：PacificOcean，这里是专有名词。故填Pacific。53．—Howdoyoulikebeinginan______（国际的）marriage?—Ireallyenjoyit.Therearedifferentchallenges.Imeanhavingdifferentcultures,differentbackgroundsanddifferentlanguages.【答案】international【解析】句意：——你觉得跨国婚姻怎么样？——我真的很喜欢它。有不同的挑战。我的意思是拥有不同的文化，不同的背景和不同的语言。international“国际的”，形容词作定语。故填international。54．Whatgreatnews!Thetrainstartedtowork,soit’svery________(方便的)forpeopleinXichangtogotoChengdu.【答案】convenient【解析】句意：多好的消息啊！火车开通了，所以对西昌人来说到成都就非常方便了。本句句型为it’s+形容词+forsb+todosth“做某事对某人来说是……”，convenient“方便的”，此处为形容词作表语。故填convenient。55．Chinafullytriesto________（保护）thehealthandsafetyforitspeople.【答案】protect【解析】句意：中方全力保障人民生命安全和身体健康。protect“保护”，trytodosth“尽力做某事”，此空应填动词原形，故填protect。五、任务型阅读（共10空；每空1分，计10分）阅读下面短文，根据短文中的信息完成文后表格。（每空一词）HouYifan,a28yearoldgirl,isa“queenofchess”inChina.Peoplearoundtheworldareimpressedbythegreatchessplayer.

Houstartedtoplaychessat5yearsoldin1999.Atthattime,herparentstookHoutotrydifferentmindgamesatatrainingcenter.“Withthespecialshapes(形状),Iwasinterestedinthechessandwantedtotakeitup,”saidHou.Afterplayingfortwoyearsasahobby,Houmethercoach,agreatmasterTongYuanmingandbeganakindofnewtraining.“Chessisamindgamefullofchanges.SoIshouldlearnskillsfromothersandkeeppractisingchessinmydailylife,”Housaid.Luckily,whatshedidwassoonrewarded(回报).At13,shebecameChina’syoungestNationalWomen’sChampionandthenbecametheyoungestchesschampionintheworldat16.Althoughshewaswellknownallovertheworld,shestillwantedtokeepimproving.Havingfocusedoninternationalchessforalongtime,Houthenwantedtostudyinthecollege.ShewenttoPekingUniversityin2012.Severalyearslater,shewentontostudyintheUniversityofOxford.“Imustknowmore,”shesaid.“Iwouldliketoopenmyeyestoseethewholeworld.”Now,the28yearoldladyhasbeeateacheratShenzhenUniversity.Shehopesto“connectthemethodsshelearnedinChinatotheWestandallowinternationalchesstoreachmoreyoungChinesepeople”.Beinga“queenofchess”IntroductionHouYifanisa28yearoldChineselady.Shehas____56____theworldwiththechess.____57____ofbeing

a“queenofchess”Shestarted____58____chesswhenshewasfiveyearsold.Afterseeingthespecialshapes,sheshowedan

____59____inthechess.Shenotonlylearnedskillsfromotherplayersbutalso____60____chessinherdailylife.Shebecamethe____61____championinChinaat13andintheworldat16.Herfurther____62____andjobIn2012,she____63____PekingUniversity.Severalyearslater,she____64____tostudyintheUniversityofOxford.NowshebeesateacheratShenzhenUniversity.HerhopeShewantstobuilda_____65_____betweenChinaandtheWest.【短文大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要记述了“棋后”侯逸凡的人生经历。【答案解析】56．根据第一段中“Peoplearoundtheworldareimpressedbythegreatchessplayer.”可知，侯逸凡因为高超的棋艺，给世界各地的人们留下了深刻的印象，impress表示“给……留下深刻印象”；根据句意和空格前的“has”可知，空格处应填上动词的过去分词。故填impressed。57．根据右边表格中“Shestarted...championinChinaat13andintheworldat16.”可知，此处是介绍了侯逸凡下棋的成长经历，名词experience可表示“经历”，符合句意；因为是多段经历，所以要用到名词复数，单词放句首，首字母要大写。故填Experiences。58．根据第二段中“Houstartedtoplaychessat5yearsoldin1999.”可知，侯逸凡5岁时开始下棋；start后要接doing作宾语，因此空格处要用play的动名词形式playing。故填playing。59．根据第二段中“‘Withthespecialshapes(形状),Iwasinterestedinthechessandwantedtotakeitup,’saidHou.”可知，在看到象棋奇怪的形状后，侯逸凡就开始对下棋感兴趣了；根据空格前的“an”可知，空格处应填名词，interest作名词时，可表示“兴趣”，符合句意。故填interest。60．根据第三段中“‘...SoIshouldlearnskillsfromothersandkeeppractisingchessinmydailylife,’Housaid.”可知，除了从其他运动员身上学习技巧之外，侯逸凡还坚持练习下棋，practise表示“练习”，playchess可表示“下棋”，均符合句意；根据语境可知，此句应用一般过去时，所以空格处要填动词的过去式。故填practised/played。61．根据第四段中“At13,shebecameChina’syoungestNationalWomen’sChampionandthenbecametheyoungestchesschampionintheworldat16.”可知，她在13岁的时候成为了中国最年轻的全国女子冠军，所以空格处应表示“最年轻的”。故填youngest。62．根据右边表格中“In2012...NowshebeesateacheratShenzhenUniversity.”可知，此处主要是介绍她未来的学习和工作安排；根据空格前的“further”和空格后的“andjob”可知，空格处应填名词，study可作名词，表示“学习”，符合句意。故填study。63．根据第五段中“ShewenttoPekingUniversityin2012.”可知，她于2012年去了北京大学学习；根据句意可知，空格处应填谓语动词，动词enter可表示“进入”，符合句意；根据“In2012”可知，此句要用一般过去时，enter应用过去式entered。故填entered。64．根据第五段中“Severalyearslater,shewentontostudyintheUniversityofOxford.”可知，几年后，她继续在牛津大学学习；根据句意可知，空格处应填谓语动词，动词continue可表示“继续”，符合句意；根据语境可知，此句要用一般过去时，continue应用过去式continued。故填continued。65．根据最后一段中“Shehopesto‘connectthemethodssh