第01讲过去完成时（原卷版）

第01讲过去完成时1．了解过去完成时解题方法与技巧。2．进行过去完成时真题训练。过去完成时的概念与结构特点概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（pastinthepast）”。|||>那时以前那时现在构成：过去完成时由“助动词had+过去分词”构成，其中had通用于各种人称。Theyhadalreadyhadbreakfastbeforetheyarrivedatthehotel.Shehadfinishedwritingthepositionby10：00thismorning.（二）过去完成时的主要用法过去完成时是一个相对的时态，表示的是“过去的过去”，只有和过去某一时间或某一动作相比较时才使用它。需要与一个表示过去的时间状语连用，它不能离开过去时间而独立存在。多与already，yet，still，just，before，never等时间副词及by，before，until等引导的短语或从句连用。如：Hetoldmethathehadwrittenanewbook.(hadwritten发生在told之前)WhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.BeforeshecametoChina,GracehadtaughtEnglishinamiddleschoolforaboutfiveyears.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.（三）过去完成时的判断依据1.由时间状语来判定一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有：（1）by,bytheendof,before+过去的时间点。如：Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.（2）Bythetime,When,Before+一过从句。如：Bythe1990sthenumberhadfallentoabout50,000.Beforehevolunteeredtodirectthetraffic,Timoteohadhadlotsofjobs.Peterhadcollectedmorethan300Chinesestampsbythetimehewasten.WhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.2.由“过去的过去”来判定。过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在：（1）宾语从句中当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词后的宾语从句。如：Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.（2）状语从句中在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如：WhenIgottothestation,thetrainhadalreadyleft.Afterhehadfinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.Whenheheardthesewords,Jimpanickedandranout.注意：before,after引导的时间状语从句中，由于before和after本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Wheredidyoustudybeforeyoucamehere?Afterheclosedthedoor,helefttheclassroom.（3）表示意向的动词，如hope,wish,expect,think,intend,mean,suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，但后来未能…"

Theyhadhopedtobeabletoarrivebeforeten.Likeeveryschoolboy,Ihadthoughtthatgoingintospaceasanastronautmusebethebestjobintheworld.3.根据上、下文来判定。ImetJiminthestreetyesterday.Wehadn'tseeneachothersincehewenttoLondon.一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．Marywaspleasedtoseethattheseedsshe_____(plant)inthegardenweregrowing2．Bythetimehewas12,he_____________(travel)tomanycountries.3．Thetwins,who________(finish)theirhomework,wereallowedtoplaybadmintonontheplayground.4．I________(intend)tocallonyou,butIhadanunexpectedvisitor.5．Theman________(write)about300piecesofmusictillthen.6．Bytheendoflastweek,they________(finish)80percentofthework.7．Itwasthefirsttimethathe________(meet)sostrangeakindofcar.8．She________(learn)someEnglishbeforeshecametoourschool.9．Bythetimehewasfourteen,theboy____(establish)asmallpanyofhisown.10．Japan________(hatch)aplottolaunchasurpriseattackonPearlHarbor,sotheattackbeganwithoutwarningandwithoutdeclaringwarontheUnitedStates.11．Itwasthesecondtimethathe________(win)thegoldmedalinthegames.12．Shesaidthatshe____________(see)thefilmbefore.13．Bynineo’clocklastnight,we____________(get)200picturesfromthespaceship.14．Bythetimeshegottotheschool,thefirstlesson________________(start).15．Writingoutalltheinvitationsbyhandwasmoretimeconsumingthanwe________(assume)previously.16．IttookmealongtimebeforeIwasabletofullyappreciatewhatthey_________(do)forme.17．Bythattime,thefire________(extend)tothe15thfloor.18．ThiswasthefirsttimethatI________(e)toyourhometown.19．Thegirlsittingnexttomeontheplanewasverynervousbecauseshe________(notfly)before.20．He________(hardlyhang)thepictureonthewallwhenitfelldown.21．WhenIwokeup,it________(alreadystop)raining.22．IreturnedthebookthatI________(borrow)tothelibrary.23．ImetTomyesterday.We________(notsee)eachothersincehewenttoBeijing.24．Theparticipantwasbannedfromthepetitionbecausehe________(use)genedope.25．Thelossofbigtreeswasgreatestinareaswheretrees___________(suffer)thegreatestwatershortage.26．Wefinishedlaterthanwe________(intend).27．Itwasthesecondtimethattheyoungathlete______________(participate)inmarathon.28．Hedidn’tknowwhat_______________(e)aboutbeforehecameback.29．Itwasthethirdtimethathe_______________(organize)suchameaningfulactivity.30．Shetoldmeitwasthemostinstructivelecturethatshe_____________(attend)sinceshecametothisschool.31．Bythetimehewasateenager,he________(win)areputationasawonderfulyoungmusician.32．ByApril,2019,theBDSsystem________(serve)morethan50,000piecesofagriculturalmachinery,saving10percentoffuel.33．MrBrown__________(live)inthesouthforsevenyearsbeforehecamehere.34．Whenhe________（finish）hislunch,heaskedforaglassofwater.35．Thiswasthefirsttimethey_________(e)toyourhometown.36．Johndecidedtogobacktoworknowthathe_____(get)well.37．Theboyadmittedthathe______(be)addictedtotheInternettwoyearsbefore.38．Itwasthefirsttimethathe_________(meet)withsuchatoughproblem.39．Theboywassatisfiedwiththenewstorybookhe________(long)for.40．I________(mean)toofferyouahand,butIwasotherwiseengagedthen.41．He___________（intend）togetajobinthemedia,butgaveuptheplanafterstrugglingforweeks.42．Bytheendof1976,manybuildings____________(build)inthecity.43．Thescientistsaidhe___________(spend