专题01选择性Unit1Unit2复习

专题01选择性必修第三册Unit1&Unit2复习目录考点聚焦：核心考点+高考考点，有的放矢重点速记：知识点和关键点梳理，查漏补缺难点强化：难点内容标注与讲解，能力提升学以致用：真题感知+提升专练，全面突破核心考点聚焦1、第一和第二单元的重要单词讲解（单词词义、词性变形、用法搭配、例句展示和题目运用）2、第一和第二单元的短语汇总（多半考察短语中的介词搭配）3、第一和第二单元的基础运用（词汇适当形式填空、单句语法填空、选词填空、课文内容填空）高考考点聚焦常考考点真题举例限制性定语从句2023全国甲卷2022新高考全国I卷2022年全国甲卷2021全国卷乙卷2021北京高考卷非限制性定语从句2022北京高考卷主语从句2023全国卷II2022北京高考卷2021新高考全国I卷2021北京高考卷一、第一单元的重要单词讲解【单词讲解1】unfoldv.(使)展开；打开；展示；透露【变形】foldv.折叠【例句】Sheunfoldedherarms.她张开双臂。Sheunfoldedhertaletous.她向我们倾吐了她的故事。【题目应用】（1）他迅速展开毯子，铺在床上。____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Hequicklyunfoldedtheblanketsandspreadthemonthebed.（2）他打开地图，放在了地板上。____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Heunfoldedthemapandsetitonthefloor【单词讲解2】distinctadj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的【变形】distinction n.区别；差别；特性distinctive adj.独特的distinguishv.区分distinguishedadj卓越的，杰出的【用法】bedistinctfrom与……不同distinguishoneself使某人自己与众不同【题目应用】（1）Itwashardtodistinguishonetwin__________theother.很难分辨出一对孪生儿谁是谁。【答案】from（2）Shehasalreadydistinguished__________(she)asanathlete.作为运动员她已享有盛名。【答案】herself（3）There'salotofevidencethatoilyfish,asd___________fromfattymeat,hasabeneficialeffect.有许多证据表明油性鱼，与高脂肪肉不同，对人体有益。【答案】distinct【单词讲解3】samplevt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验n.样本，样品；取样【用法】随机抽样arandomsample抽样调查asamplesurvey【题目应用】（1）Theytook__________ofmyblood.他们取了我的血样。【答案】samples（2）血样要送往实验室进行分析。_______________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thebloodsamplesaresenttothelaboratoryforanalysis.【单词讲解4】offthebeatentrack不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远trackn.小路，小径；足迹v.追查，追踪【用法】循规蹈矩keeptothebeatentrack重新步入正轨,恢复正常backontrack了解……的动态keeptrackofsb/sth与……失去联系losetrackofsb/sth.【例句】Heliveswelloffthebeatentrack.他在一个偏僻的地方过得很好。【题目应用】（1）Thisisadesignwhichgets_________________________.这是一个打破常规的设计。【答案】offthebeatentrack（2）Witheleventhousandemployees,it'sverydifficultto____________________themall.对于一支1.1万人的员工队伍，很难及时了解到所有有人的动态。【答案】keeptrackof【单词讲解5】easnosurprise不足为奇，毫不奇怪【例句】So,itshouldeasnosurprisethatmachinelearningexpertsareinhighdemand.所以，并不令人感到意外的是，机器学习专家非常抢手。【题目应用】当听到55%的员工承认工作效率低下的主因是使用智能，那就一点儿也不令人惊讶了。___________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Itshouldeasnosurprisethat55%ofemployerssaythatcellphoneuseisthemostmoncauseofproductivityloss.【单词讲解6】sustainvt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持【变形】adj.sustainable可持续的n.sustainability持续性【例句】Theteachertriedhardtosustainthechildren’sinterestinhislessons.Therewasnoprooftosustainhisviews【短语】遭受损失；受伤；遭到失败sustaindamage/aninjury/adefeat可持续发展sustainabledevelopment【题目应用】（1）Theloveandsupportofhisfamily___________himduringhistimeinprison.家人的关爱和支持帮助他度过了狱中的岁月。【答案】sustained（2）这一证据过于笼统，不足以证明他的论点。____________________________________________________________________【答案】Theevidenceisnotdetailedenoughtosustainhisargument.【单词讲解7】makeone’swayto去，前往【其他way相关短语】在路上onthe/one’swayto朝…走去headone’swayto屈服；退让；让步givewaytosb./sth.【例句】Willyoubeabletomakeyourownwaytotheairport?你能自己去机场吗？Weshouldn’tgivewaytotheenemies.我们不应该向敌人屈服。【题目应用】（1）Shemadeherway________thelibrarytoreturnsomebooks.她前往图书馆归还一些书籍。（2）He____________________theairporttocatchhisflight.他前往机场赶飞机。【答案】to;madehiswayto【单词讲解8】resolutionn.决心，决定；决议；解决【变形】resolvev.解决；决定【用法】makearesolutiontodosth.下定决心做某事resolve/settleaproblem/issue解决问题resolvetodo决定做某事【例句】Shemadearesolutiontovisitherrelativesmoreoften.她决定要多走走亲戚。【题目应用】（1）Theymadearesolution_________________（lose）alltheweightgainedduringtheChristmasperiod.他们下定决心要减去圣诞期间增加的体重。【答案】tolose（2）我们必须及时找到解决这些问题的方法。____________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Wemustfindawaytoresolvetheseproblemsbeforeit'stoolate...【单词讲解9】possessionn.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有【变形】possessv.具有（特质）；拥有；支配，控制【用法】占有，拥有sb.inpossessionofsth.由……占有/拥有sth.beinthepossessionofsb.占有，拥有，拿到take/havepossessionof【例句】Thepossessionofapassportisessentialforforeigntravel.出国旅行必须持有护照。【题目应用】（1）你得学会保管好自己的财物。_____________________________________________________________________________【答案】Youhavetolearntotakecareofyourpossessions.（2）这座画廊藏有那位画家的一些早期作品。______________________________________________________________________________【答案】Thegallerypossessesanumberoftheartist'searlyworks.【单词讲解10】bloomingadj.盛开的，开花的【变形】bloomn.花v开花【短语】bein(full)bloom鲜花盛开【例句】MostroseswillbegintobloomfromlateMay.大多数玫瑰从五月末开始开花。【题目应用】（1）Rosesare___________fullbloom.玫瑰花开得正旺。【答案】in（2）Springisapproachingwhenflowersare________（bloom）andtreesareturninggreen.花开了，树绿了，春天的脚步近了。【答案】blooming【单词讲解11】ethicallyadv.种族地【变形】ethnicadj.民族的；种族的【例句】Mayorswantlocalpaniestobehaveethically.市长们希望地方公司在经营方面要遵守职业道德。【题目应用】（1）I'me___________boundtoprotecttheirrights.从职业道德上来说我得要保护他们的权利。【答案】ethically（2）Itisnecessarytogettheyouthtohaveahigh______________concept.必须使青年具有高度的道德观念。【答案】ethical【单词讲解12】apartfrom 除了……外（还），此外【同义词】inadditionto;aswellas；besides【例句】ApartfromtheirhouseinLondon,theyalsohaveavillainSpain.他们在伦敦有一座房子，此外在西班牙还有一座别墅。Whatothersportsdoyoulikeapartfromfootball?除足球外你还喜欢哪些运动？【题目应用】（1）Nothingelsematterstohim__________fromhisjob.对他来说，除了工作以外，什么事都无关紧要【答案】apart（2）Hisfridgewasbare________________threeverywitheredtomatoes除了三个蔫巴巴的西红柿，他的冰箱里什么也没有。【答案】apartfrom【单词讲解13】urbanadj.城市的【变形】ruraladj.农村的【例句】Thousandswereforcedtomigratefromruraltourbanareasinsearchofwork.成千上万的人为了寻找工作被迫从农村涌进城市。【题目应用】绝大多数城区附近都有公园。__________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Mosturbanareasareclosetoapark.【单词讲解14】minority n.少数民族少数派【变形】minoradj.较少的；次要的majorityn.大多数、多数majoradj.主要的【短语】aminorityofpeople少数人beinthe~占少数amajorityofpeople大多数人beinthe~占多数【例句】Thesechildrenareonlyasmallminority.这些孩子只是很少的一部分。Onlyaminorityofthepeoplevoted.只有少数人投票了。【题目应用】The_________________was/wereinfavorofbanningsmoking.大多数人支持禁烟。【答案】majority【单词讲解15】depthn.深度、最深处【变形】deepadj.深的lengthn.longadj.widthn.wideadj.heighthigh【短语】studysth.indepth深入/全面地研究..【例句】Manydolphinscandivetodepthsof200metres.许多海豚可潜到200米深。【题目应用】（1）Wefeltathomewithherandwereimpressedwiththe____________ofherknowledge.我们与她在一起很自在，而她渊博的知识令我们叹服。【答案】depth（2）Iwasinthe_____________ofdespairwhenthebabywassick.孩子生病时我陷入了绝望的深渊之中。【答案】depth【单词讲解16】acmodationn.住处【变形】acmodatevt给···提供膳宿vi.适应【短语】acmodateto……..适应……….【例句】Moreandmoretravelersarelookingforbedandbreakfastacmodationsinprivatehomes.愈来愈多的旅行者在寻找由私人住户提供住宿和早餐的服务Itwasgoodacmodationforahotelofthisclass.就这种档次的旅馆来说，住宿条件算是不错了。【题目应用】（1）TheschoolinPoldownwasnotbigenoughto__________allthechildren波尔登的学校不够大，容不下所有的孩子。【答案】acmodate（2）Youreyeswillacmodate_________thedarknessafterawhile.过一会儿你的眼睛就能适应黑暗。【答案】to【单词讲解17】surroundingadj.周围的、附近的【变形】surroundingsn.(周围的)环境（复数形式）surroundvt包围、环绕~AwithB【例句】SmalltownsinSouthIndiaserveaseconomicandculturalcenterforthesurroundingvillages.印度南部的小城镇是周围村庄的经济文化中心。【题目应用】（1）Shefeltuneasyintheunfamiliar______________.她在陌生的环境中感到局促不安。【答案】surroundings（2）Wesearchedthe______________neighborhoodforthemissingboy.我们在附近寻找失踪的男孩儿。【答案】surrounding【单词讲解18】harmonyn.和谐、和睦【变形】harmoniousadj.和谐的【短语】beinharmonywith...与···和谐相处socialharmony社会和谐【例句】Wemusttrytoliveinpeaceandharmonywithourselvesandthosearoundus我们必须努力和我们自己及周围的人和睦相处。Hisideaswerenolongerinharmonywithours.他同我们的想法不再一致了。【题目应用】（1）Thecouplelives__________perfectharmony.这对夫妇和睦地生活着。【答案】in（2）Their_____________relationshipresultedinpartfromtheirsimilargoals他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。【答案】harmonious【单词讲解19】consumptionn.消耗、耗费、消费【变形】consumevt消耗、耗费、吃、喝consumern消费者【例句】ThelawshaveledtoareductioninfuelconsumptionintheUS.这些法律已经使美国燃料消费量有所减少。Manypeopleareunawareofjusthowmuchfoodanddrinktheyconsume许多人并不知道他们究竟消耗掉了多少食品和饮料。【题目应用】（1）Therehasbeenaslightincreaseinthe________________ofmeat.肉类消费量略有增长。【答案】consumption（2）Theelectricityindustry__________largeamountsoffossilfuels.电力工业消耗大量的矿物燃料。【答案】consumes【单词讲解20】elegantadj.雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的【变形】elegancen高雅精美【例句】Hismotherwasanelegant,cultivatedwoman.他的母亲是一位端庄文雅的女性。Hereleganceandstylewillalwaysberememberedinfilmhistory.她的优雅与气质将永远被铭记在电影史册之上。【题目应用】（1）Theladywearsan___________pinksuit.那位女士穿着一身雅致的粉红色套装。【答案】elegant（2）Everyoneadmiredher____________andherbeauty.人人都羡慕她的优雅和美丽。【答案】elegance【单词讲解21】contrastvi.形成对比；对比，对照 n.差异，差别；对照物【短语】~AwithBby/in~相比之下the~betweenAandB【例句】Theboy'sroomisapletecontrasttotheguestroom.这个男孩的房间和客房截然不同。【题目应用】（1）Theirexperiencescontrastsharply____________thoseofotherchildren.他们的经历和其他孩子的形成鲜明的对比。【答案】with（2）Itisinterestingto____________theBritishlegalsystemwiththeAmericanone.把英国的法制与美国的加以对比很有意思。【答案】contrast【单词讲解22】starvev.挨饿饿死【变形】starvationn.饥饿、饿死【短语】starvetodeath饿死【例句】She'sstarvingherselftotrytoloseweight.她试图通过节食来减肥。Droughthasleftmorethantwomillionpeopleclosetostarvation干旱让两百多万人濒临饿死。【题目应用】（1）Theanimalswerelefttostarve_________death.那些动物只能等着饿死。【答案】to（2）Afterthreedayswithoutfood,themenwerecloseto___________.三天没吃东西，这些人都快饿死了。【答案】starvation【单词讲解23】departuren.离开、启程、出发【变形】departv离开、离去【短语】departurefrom离开………..【例句】Theyhadreceivednonewsofhimsincehisdeparturefromtheisland.自从他离开这座岛后，他们再没得到过他的消息。Flightsshouldbeconfirmed48hoursbeforedeparture.航班应在起飞前48小时予以确认。【题目应用】（1）Thisdecisionrepresentsasignificantdeparture___________previouspolicy.这个决定意味着在很大程度上脱离了原先的政策。【答案】from（2）______________fromherusualroutine,shetookthebustowork.她一反常态乘公共汽车上班了。【答案】Departing【单词讲解24】dotn.点、小圆点v.星罗密布于、遍布【短语】bedottedwith被…..遍布【例句】Suzhouisdottedwithrivers.苏州遍布河流。Therearecountlesssmallskiareasdottedabouttheprovince.该省内遍布着许多小型滑雪场。【题目应用】(1)Thecountrysidewasdotted___________smallvillages.乡间有星罗棋布的小村庄。【答案】with(2)Thehelicoptersappearedastwoblack_________onthehorizon.直升机像两个小黑点出现在地平线上。【答案】dots【单词讲解25】delicacyn.娇嫩、脆弱【变形】delicatea脆弱的、易损的=fragile【短语】adelicatechild虚弱的、瘦弱的delicatehands精美的小巧玲珑的【例句】Shehandledthesituationwithgreatsensitivityanddelicacy.她慎重而周到地处理了这个情况。【题目应用】（1）Shehandledthesituationwithgreatsensitivityand______________.她慎重而周到地处理了这个情况。【答案】delicacy（2）Theeyeisoneofthemost________________organsofthebody.眼睛是人体最娇贵的器官之一。【答案】delicate二、第一单元的短语汇总1.wintheheartofsb.深受某人喜欢2.behometo...是……的栖息地3.ahugevarietyofwildlife种类繁多的野生动物4.wandertheremoteforests漫步于偏远的森林5.uniquescenicspot独特的景点6.theethnicvariety种族多元化7.culturaldiversity 文化多元性8.adynamiccity一个活力四射的城市9.dancetofiddletunes随着小提琴的曲调起舞10.beexposedtodiversecultures接触不同的文化11.feeltransportedthroughtimeandspace感觉穿越时空12.thetoweringmountainpeaks 巍峨的山峰13.thedepthoftheforests森林深处14.geographicalwonders地理奇观15.berankedas...被列为/评为……16.unfoldwithbreathtakingbeautyandrichness 绽放出惊人的美丽与丰富17.makearesolutiontodo下决心去做18.setoff出发；引起；动身；使爆炸 19.contraststrikinglywith对比明显20.fallon投射到，落在 21.withtheapproachof随着……的来临/临近22.wanderover漫步23.bealivewith充满，活跃的24.abunchof一群；一束；一堆三、第一单元的基础运用1）单词填空1．Whydoesthemediapresentsuchanegativeviewofthis___________(极佳的)city?2．Today，astheworld's___________(城市的)populationexplodes,citiesbeemorecrowded.3．Hiscontributiontotheboy's____________(幸福)istoequiphimfortheworldinwhichhelives.4．Forindividualtravelers,hotel______________(住处),airtickets,travelinsurancearerequired.5．Vegetationpatternschangedwhen____________(山羊)wereintroducedtotheisland.6．Inordertolivein___________(和睦),sometimesyouneedtomakepromises.7．It'sbadmanners(礼貌)toburstintoone'sroomwithoutknocking.8．Althoughtheladylooks__________(文雅的),actuallysheishardtogetalongwith.9．Apartfromseveral__________(停车)tickets,thedriverwasalsofinedforspeedingonthehighway,whichislikelytocontributetohisdrivinglicensebeingcancelled.10．Approachingthecitycentre,wesawastone(雕像)____________ofabout10metersinheight.【答案】splendid;urban;welfare;acmodation;goats;harmony;elegant;parking;statue2）词形变换1．ThereasonwhyIwasveryunsatisfiedisthatIwas____________inthevillageforthefirsttimethatwassmallanddesperatelyinneedofproper____________．(acmodate)2．Afterthreedayswithoutfood,themenwerecloseto_________．Ifwehadelater,theywouldhave____________todeath.(starve)3．Withhisbusinessgoingonwell,heatfirst___________bighousesandcars;andlaterhetook___________ofstocksofdifferentpanies.Eventually,hefoundthateverythinghedreamedofwasinhis___________．(possess)4．ADNAanalysisofskinsamplesfromthelivefishsuggeststhatwalkingsharksbrokeawayfromtheiroriginalpopulationandbecameadistinctspeciesaboutninemillionyearsago.Itseemseasytomakea__________(distinct)betweenthewalkingsharkandothersharks.5．Asweallknow，therearevarietiesofresourcesatthe__________oftheocean.Thediverwas____________struckbythebeauty.(deep)6．Thefamousstarwasenjoyingthepleasant____________whenhewasrecognizedandwas_____________byacrowdoffans.(surround)7．Gasandoil___________alwaysincreasesincoldweather.Many__________expressedgreatconcernaboutprices.(consume)8.Thefirstthingthelocalgovernmentdidwasprovide_____________(acmodate)forthehomelessfamilies.9.Philosophersdidnotusetomakea_____________(distinct)betweenartsandscience.10.Thatweekend，wewenttoa___________(surround)neighborhoodandgavethemtothepeopletherefreeofcharge.11.Wefeltathomewithherandwereimpressedwiththe__________(deep)ofherknowledge.12.TheChineseusedthebeandirectlyforhuman______________(consume)inavarietyoffoods.13.Thecarranslowlyonthe_________(mud)countrysidestreet.14.Musicisakindofabstractartform,isalsoakindof____________(elegance)artbehavior.【答案】acmodated;acmodationstarvation;starvedpossessed;possession;possessiondistinctiondepth;deeplysurroundings;surroundedconsumption;consumersacmodationsdistinctionsurrounding;depth;consumption;muddy;elegant3）单句填空1．Theaudiencewatchedasthestory__________(fold)beforetheireyes.2．Itcameas_____surprisethatsheleftthepanyaheadofschedule.3．Ithinkthatitesdown_________thefactthatpeopledofeelverydependentontheirautomobiles.4．Shemadeherway_________thekitchen,hopingtofindsomeonepreparingdinner.5．Activitiesthererangefromwhalewatchingtohiking(远足)and__________(acmodate)aimtohavealowimpactonthenaturalenvironment.6．Theothersideofthecoinisequallyadeprivation:forhealthandwell­being，aswellaslostopportunities(机会)forchildrentogettoknowtheirlocal____________(surround).7.Justbeforeandanhouraftereachworkout，thescientiststookadditional__________(sample)ofthemen'sbloodandfattissue.8.AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbein_____________(possess)ofavalidticketbeforeboarding.9.Youalsoneedtojudgethequalityand____________(deep)ofyourmotivation.Thisisquiteimportant，becauseitisdirectlyrelatedtoyourmitment.10.AccordingtotheWorldBank，Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotalglobalfertilizer___________(consume).【答案】unfoldednototoacmodationssurroundingssamplespossessiondepthconsumption4）选词填空apartfrom,offthebeatentrack,easnosurprise,behometo,makeone'swayto,beatdown,makeup,edownto1．Thefindingswould_________________tosomesocialscientists—andindeedworkingmothers.2．_____________theirhouseinLondon,theyalsohaveoneinSpain.3．Whatit_____________________is,eitherIgetmoremoneyorIleave.4．Pakayasayshefearsthedeathtollwillriseasrescueteams__________________thedisasterzone.5．Chinaistheworld'smostpopulouscountrywithapopulationof1.1billion,which_________approximatelyaquarteroftheworldpopulation.6．Eveninthewinterwiththerain_________________,it'sniceandcosyinthere.7．Theworkersoftheshopwent_________________anddesignedanew­typegrinder.8．Thegreatland_______________manydifferentkindsofanimals.【答案】easnosurpriseApartfromesdowntomaketheirwaytomakesupbeatingdownoffthebeatentrackishometo一、第二单元的重要单词讲解【单词讲解1】absencen.缺乏，不存在；缺席【变形】absentadj.缺席的absenteen.缺席【短语】某人不在的时候in/duringone’sabsence缺席beabsentfrom心不在焉的；健忘的absentminded【题目应用】（1）Thedecisionwasmade_________myabsence.这个决定是我不在的时候作出的。【答案】in（2）Therehasbeenmuchgossipaboutthepossiblereasonsforhis__________.关于他缺席的原因有很多传言。【答案】absence【单词讲解2】bothervt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力（做某事）；打扰vi.花费时间精力（做某事）n.麻烦，困难【短语】费心地/麻烦地做某事botherdoing/todosth.麻烦某人某事bothersb.withsth.干某事使某人烦恼/担心Itbotherssb.todosth.没关系，不费事It’snobother.【例句】Idon'twanttobotherherwithmyproblemsatthemoment.我此刻不想让她为我的事操心。Itbothersmetothinkofheraloneinthatbighouse.想到她孤零零地待在那所大房子里，我便坐立不安。【题目应用】（1）Whybother_______(ask)ifyou'renotreallyinterested?如果你不是真的感兴趣，干吗费口舌打听呢？【答案】asking（2）It'snotworthbothering__________anumbrella─thecar'sjustoutside.不必打伞——汽车就停在外面。【答案】with【单词讲解3】occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于【变形】n.occupation职业；占有，占领；占用【短语】使某人忙于某事occupysb.withsth.使某人忙于做某事occupysb.(in)doingsth.忙于某事beoccupiedwithsth.忙于做某事beoccupied(in)doingsth.被……占领beoccupiedby在占领中underoccupation【例句】Problemsatworkcontinuedtooccupyhismindforsometime.工作上的问题继续在他的脑海中萦绕了一段时间。Onlyhalfhertimeisoccupiedwithpolitics.她只用自己一半的时间从事政治活动。【题目应用】（1）Duringthewartheirlands___________bytheenemy.战争期间他们的土地被敌人占据了。【答案】wereoccupied（2）He'sfullyoccupied________lookingafterthreesmallchildren.照顾三个小孩把他忙得不可开交。【答案】in【单词讲解4】castnewlighton(使……)进一步了解【变形】castcastcast【短语】对……产生怀疑castdoubton使……蒙上阴影cast/throwashadowon/over回顾；回想castone’smindback(tosth)【例句】Hiswordscastanewlightontheproblem.他的话题使人们对这个问题有了新的认识。【题目应用】（1）Hisdiary

castlighton

lifeinEnglandintheseventeenthcentury他的日记使人了解17世纪英格兰的生活情况。

【答案】on（2）这篇文章阐明了美国初等教育的问题。_______________________________________________________________________【答案】ThearticlehascastlightontheproblemsofprimaryeducationintheUS.【单词讲解5】exposuren.面临，遭受；揭露；报道【变形】v.expose揭露，揭穿；暴露，显露；使遭受；使接触【短语】暴露于……；遭受……exposuretosth.把……暴露于……，使……遭受……expose...to...（被）暴露于，遭受…beexposedto显露/暴露自己exposeoneself【例句】Hehadbeendeafenedbyprolonged

exposuretothenoiseofthegunsfiring.长时间听着枪声使他双耳失聪。Also,skindoctorswarnpeopletobecarefulwithsun

exposure.另外，皮肤科医生也警告人们要小心太阳暴晒。【题目应用】（1）Workersatthenuclearplantwereexposed_______highdosesofradiation.核电站的工作人员受到大量辐射。【答案】to（2）他不想向任何人显露他的恐惧与不安。_______________________________________________________________________【答案】Hedidnotwanttoexposehisfearsandinsecuritytoanyone.【单词讲解6】visibleadj.看得见的；明显的【变形】adv.visibly可见，明显地adj.invisible不可见的【短语】bevisibleto…为……所能看得见的【例句】Shemadeavisibleefforttocontrolheranger.看得出她竭力控制自己不发火。【题目应用】（1）Moststarsarenotvisible_________thenakedeye.大多数星星肉眼看不见。【答案】to（2）Therainhadstoppedandastarortwowas_______________overthemountains雨停了，山顶上有一两颗星星在闪烁。【答案】visible【单词讲解7】inviewof=intermsof就…而言鉴于，考虑到【用法】在某人看来，依照个人的见解inone’sview从某人的角度/观点出发fromone’spointofview把……看作……view…as…【例句】Inviewofthis,thedecisionmaynotbeeasy.考虑到这点，可能很难作出决定。Whycan'tyoueverseemypointofview?你怎么老不明白我的观点呢？【题目应用】（1）基于目前这种情况，我们不得不修改原来的计划。_________________________________________________________________________【答案】Inviewofthepresentsituation,we'llhavetoreviseouroriginalplan.（2）_________________,itwasawasteoftime.依我看，这是浪费时间。【答案】Inmyview【单词讲解8】vitaladj.必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的【用法】极其重要的beofvitalimportance在……中发挥着重要的作用playavitalrolein做某事是极重要的Itisvitaltodosth./Itisvitalthat从句（用虚拟语气should）【例句】Spendingsometimeinthegymisofvitalimportancetoastronauts’health.Itisvitalthatyou(should)keepaccuraterecordswhenyouareselfemployed.【题目应用】（1）Readingis___________vitalimportanceinlanguagelearning.阅读在语言学习中至关重要。【答案】of（2）Thepolice_________________________oursociety.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要的作用。【答案】playavitalrolein（3）__________wasvitaltoshowthathewasnotafraid.最重要的是要表现出他毫无畏惧。【答案】It【单词讲解9】crucialadj.至关重要的，关键性的【变形】adv.crucially至关重要地，关键性地【用法】对……是至关重要的becrucialto/for…在……中发挥着重要的作用playacrucialrolein做某事是极重要的Itiscrucialthat从句（用虚拟语气should可省略）【例句】Winningthiscontractiscrucialtothesuccessofthepany.赢得这份合同对这家公司的成败至关重要。Itiscrucialthatwegetthisright.我们把这个问题弄明白是极其重要的。Parentsplayacrucialroleinpreparingtheirchildforschool.父母对孩子做好上学的准备起着至关重要的作用。【题目应用】（1）Certainly,theearlyyearsarecrucial__________achild'sdevelopment.毫无疑问，幼年对儿童的成长至关重要。【答案】to（2）____________________alldocumentspresentedareauthenticandeasilyverifiable.所有提交的文件必须真实且易于查证，这一点很关键。【答案】Itiscrucialthat【单词讲解10】foundationn.基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会【变形】v.found创立，建立；创办【用法】为……打下基础lay/providethefoundation(s)for坚实的基础asolid/firmfoundation【例句】Thisprovidedasolidfoundationfortheirmarriage.这为他们的婚姻提供了坚实的基础。Thislaidthefoundationsforlatermoderneconomicgrowth.这为后来的现代经济发展奠定了基础。【题目应用】（1）Thetownwas____________in1610.这个镇建于1610年。【答案】founded（2）Theirmarriage_______________onloveandmutualrespect.他们的婚姻建立在爱情和互相尊重的基础上。【答案】wasfounded【单词讲解11】origin n.起源，起因；出身【变形】adj./n.originaladj.原始的，最早的；独创的，新颖的adv.originally最初v.originatevi.起源，发生【用法】起源于……haveone’sorigininsth.起源于，来自originateinsth.【例句】ThisparticularcustomhasitsoriginsinWales.这一特殊风俗起源于威尔士。Itisoneofthemostoriginalworksofimaginationinthelanguage.这是用该语言写成的最具独创性和想象力的作品之一。【题目应用】（1）Thomashasnotforgottenhishumble_____________.托马斯没有忘记自己卑微的出身。【答案】origins（2）Manyofthemaredescendantsofthe____________settlers.他们中许多人都是早期移民的后裔。【答案】original【单词讲解12】frequencyn.发生率，出现率；频繁；频率【变形】adj./v.frequentadj.频繁的，经常发生的adv.frequently频繁地，经常【用法】高/低发生率；高/低频率high/lowfrequency【例句】ThefrequencyofKara'sphonecallsincreasedrapidly...卡拉的飞速增多。Thereisafrequentbusserviceintothecentreoftown.公共汽车有很多班次开往市中心区。【题目应用】（1）Youcan'thearwavesofsuch___________________.如此高频率的声波是无法听到的。【答案】ahighfrequency（2）She'sa_______________totheUS.她经常去美国。【答案】frequentvisitor【单词讲解13】sheltern.居所，住处；庇护庇护处，避难处[c]；收容所[c]

vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避【用法】庇护某人givesb.shelter躲避……；保护……不受shelter(...)from...【例句】Theyprovidedfoodandshelterforthepoor.他们为贫困者提供食物和住所。Thetreeaffordssomeshelterfromthesun.这棵树可以挡一挡太阳。【题目应用】（1）Therewasnoshelter__________thefuryofthestorm.那时没有地方可以躲避狂风暴雨。【答案】from（2）Therearen'tenoughtentsto____________themall.没有足够的帐篷供他们容身。【答案】shelter【单词讲解14】evaluatevt.评估，估计，评价【变形】evaluationn.评价；评估【单词讲解15】luxuryn.不常有的乐趣（或享受）；奢侈品【变形】luxuriousadj.奢侈的【单词讲解16】furthermoreadv.此外，再者【例句】Idon'twanttogothere,furthermore,Ihavenotimetodoso.我不想去那里，而且我也没时间去。【题目应用】Hesaidhehadnotdiscussedthematterwithher.______________,hehadnotevencontactedher.他说他没有和她讨论过这个问题。而且，他甚至没有和她联系过。【答案】Furthermore【单词讲解17】disciplinevt.严格要求（自己）；惩罚；训练n.训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力【单词讲解18】permanentadj.永久的，永恒的【变形】permanencen.永恒；永久【单词讲解19】merelyadv.仅仅，只不过【变形】mereadj.仅仅的【例句】Itisnotmerelyajob,butawayoflife.这不仅仅是一份工作，而且是一种生活方式。【题目应用】（1）Theyagreedtogo__________becausetheyweregettingpaidforit.他们同意去只是因为他们会得到酬劳。【答案】merely（2）Ijudgedbyactions,______________bywords.我根据行动，而不是只根据语言进行判断。【答案】notmerely【单词讲解20】investmentn.投资；投入【变形】investv.投资【例句】Thiscountryneedsinvestmentineducation.这个国家需要对教育进行投资。Theprojecthasdemandedconsiderableinvestmentoftimeandeffort.该项目已让我们投入了相当多的时间和精力。【题目应用】为了适应国家未来的需要，必须现在就投资医院建设。________________________________________________________________【答案】Investmenthospitalsisneedednowtomatchthefutureneedsofthecountry.【单词讲解21】calculatevt.计算，核算；预测【变形】calculatorn.计算器calculationn.计算【单词讲解22】assistantn.助理；售货员；助教adj.助理的，副的【变形】assistv.帮助assistancen.帮助【例句】MyassistantwillstandinformewhileI'maway.我不在期间，由我的助手代替我。Wewillassistyouinfindingsomewheretolive.们将帮你找个住的地方。【题目应用】（1）Juliawasassistinghim_________________hisspeech朱莉娅正在帮他准备讲演稿。【答案】toprepare（2）他要我们帮助他实施他们的计划。____________________________________________________________________【答案】Heaskedustoassisthimincarryingthroughtheirplan.【单词讲解23】incrediblyadv.极其，极端地；令人难以置信【变形】incredibleadj.不可相信的，难以置信的【单词讲解24】constantadj.固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的二、第二单元的短语汇总1.conductscientificresearch做科学研究2.carryoutexperiments进行实验3.inthecircumstances在这种情况下4.exposuretothecoldandradiation暴露在寒冷和辐射中5.inviewof鉴于，考虑到6.asignificantamountof 大量的……7.expandourunderstanding拓展我们的理解8.enhancethequalityofourlives提高生活质量9.longtodo渴望做……10.befascinatedby 被……吸引；对……着迷11.addressfundamentalquestions 回答/解决基本问题12.massproduce批量生产13.thirstforknowledge对知识的渴望；求知欲三、第二单元的基础运用Livinginspaceisachallengingbutmagicaladventure.Peoplewouldlovetoknow_1____dailylifeislikeinspaceandhowitdiffersfromthatontheEarth.Duetothenear_2_______(absent)ofgravityinspace,theastronautshavetoattachthemselvessothattheydon’tfloataround.Theirmaintaskistoconductscientificresearchandwiththespacestation_3_______(need)alotofmaintenance,hey_4_______(constant)checksupportsystemsanddosomecleaning.Themost_5________(challenge)workistoperformtasksoutsidethespacestationandinthecircumstances,it'stimeforaspacewalk._6______viewofthelowgravityenvironment,eatingisalsodifferentinspacewithmostfooddriedorfreezedriedandtheymustdrinkwaterthrough_7_______thintubeofplasticfromabagExerciseisofvitalimportancetotheirhealthandtheyhavetobetiedontospecialexerciseequipment_8_______(stop)themselvesfromfloatingaround.During_9________(they)leisuretime,theyliketositbackwiththerestofthecrewandwatchtheEarthgoby,_10________(take)picturesfortheirfamilyandfriends.【答案】1.what2.absence3.needing4.constantly5.challenging6.In7.a8.tostop9.their10.takingSpaceexplorationisextremelydifficultanddangerous,cantakeaverylongtimeand_1_____(cost)ahugeamountofmoney.Whydowecontinuetoexplorespacethen?That'sbecauseitisinournature_