安徽省安徽省六校教育研究会2024-2025学年高三上学期入学素质测试英语试题

安徽六校教育研究会2025届高三年级入学素质测试英语试题注意事项：1．本试卷由四个部分组成。其中第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题;第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。共10页、150分。2．全部答案在答题卡上相应区域内完成，在本试卷上作答无效。选择题请使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题请使用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答。要求字体工整、笔迹清晰。3．请在答题卡规定的地方填写好个人信息，并认真核对答题卡上所粘贴的条形码是否与本人的信息一致。4．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段刈话后有个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanoccupyherselfindoing?A.Takingdanceclasses. B.Finishingreports. C.Preparingforalongrace.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:How’slifetreatingyou?W:Prettybusy.I’mtraininghardfortheingmarathoninourcity.Andyou?M:Well,I’mbusywithsomereportsduringthedayanddanceclassesatnight.2.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatdoesthemanthinkofhisjob?A.It’senjoyable. B.It’sboring. C.It’sworrying.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:How’syourjobasasoundengineer?Isitboring?M:Definitelynot.It’sarewardingcareer.Ioperatevariousdevicesandbalancethelevelsofdifferentsoundstocreateanengagingaudioexperience.3.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Whatisthewomanmainlydoing?A.Sharingexperienceincheckingpricelabels.B.Givingtipsonwashingclothesproperly.C.Praisingtheman’slaundryservice.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Doyouknowanydosanddon’tsforlaundry?M:Yeah.Alwayscheckcarelabels,right?W:That’sright!Usecoldwaterforcoloredclothesandhotwaterforwhiteclothes.Asfordelicatefabrics,usethegentlecycle.Anddon’tforgettoemptyoutthepockets.M:Gotit,laundryexpert!4.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】WhomightSarahbe?A.AnHRdirector. B.Asaleswoman. C.Anaccountant.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Calvin,haveyoumetthenewer?Doyouknowifhe’sasalesmanoranaccountant?M:Ihavenoidea.Let’saskSarah.Shedoesthehiringandfiringinourpany.Sheshouldknowwhoheis.W:Okay.5.【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】Howdidthemangotoworktoday?A.Onfoot. B.Bysubway. C.Bycar.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Youdidn’tdrivetoworktoday.Didyourcarbreakdown?M:No,mylicenseplatenumberisrestrictedtoday.Itookthesubwayinstead.Itgavemeadifferentfeeling.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最住选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】6.Whyisthewomanunwillingtogetanelectroniclock?A.Itistooexpensive.B.Shemightforgetthepassword.C.Itmayhavesometechnicalproblems.7.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoing?A.Pickingawellrecognizedbrand.B.Carryingasparetraditionalkey.C.Downloadinganapptotheirsmartphones.【答案】6.C7.A【解析】【原文】M:Haveyouconsideredswitchingtoanclectroniclocksinceyouoftenforgetyourkey?Electroniclocksaremoreconvenient,thoughtheyaremoreexpensive.W:I’mnotkeenontheidea.Iworryabouttechnicalissueswithelectronicones.M:Electroniclockshaveadvancedtechnology,andwecanevencontrolthemwithoursmartphones.W:Traditionallockshavebeenreliableforages.AndIpreferthetouchofatraditionalkey.M:Iunderstandyourconcerns.Wecanchoosealeadingbrandandsetupastrongpassword.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】8.WhathasimpressedLisamostaboutherdormitorylife?A.Havingdiscussionsoncourses. B.Watchinglatenightmovies. C.TakingpartinDIYprojects.9.WhathasLisalearnedfromherdormitorylife?A.Calmness. B.Independence. C.Responsibility.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M:Lisa,youhavelivedinyourdormitoryfornearlythreeyears.Howdoyoufeel?W:Prettygood!Myroommatesarenice.Weoftenwatchlatenightmovies.WeoncetriedDIYprojectstogether,whichhasbeenthemostimpressivethingforme.M:Soundslikefun!W:Yeah.Dormitorylifeislikeacrashcourseinrealworldskills.I’velearnedtostaycalmandhandlethingspositivelyinsteadofjustplaining.M:IhopeIcanadapttodormitorylifelikeyoudo.Iwanttobeemoreindependentandresponsible.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】10.Whatsubjectdoesthemanleach?A.Worldhistory. B.Literature. C.Science.11.Whatdoesthemanthinkcanbetterhelpstudentsengageinpreservation?A.Holdingsomepetitions.BOrganizingfieldtripstomuseums.C.Encouragingthemlodovolunteerwork.12.Whatisthepointofpreservingculturalheritageaccordingtothewoman?A.Itteachespeopleaboutdiversity.B.Itconnectspeopletotheirroots.C.Itpositivelyinfluencesthefuture.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【解析】【原文】M:I’mplanningtointegrateknowledgeaboutpreservingculturalheritageintoclasses.W:Greatidea.Howdoyouplantodoitinyourliteratureclass?M:Well,Icouldexplorehistoricaltextsanddiscusstheculturalcontextinwhichtheywerewritten.W:Interestingapproach.Inscienceclass,Icantalkaboutthescientifictechniquesusedinpreservation,likeclimatecontrolandmaterialanalysis.M:Wonderful.Now,howdowegetstudentsactivelyinvolvedinpreservation?W:Wecanorganizefieldtripstolocalmuseumsorheritagesites,andencouragethemtodovolunteerwork.M:Exactly.Involvingtheminprojects,likestartingawarenesscampaignsorhostingliteraturepetitions,couldmakeitmoremeaningful.W:Iagree.Sowhatdoyouthinkisthesignificanceofpreservingculturalheritage?M:Itconnectsustoourroots,developsasenseofidentity,andteachesusaboutdiversity.W:Wellsaid.Preservingourpastisnotjustadutybutawaytoenrichourfuture.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】13.Whatistheman’sfirstpieceofadviceforthewoman?A.Settingoffatherownspeed.B.Wearingahelmetatalltimes.C.Exploringdifferentroutes.14.Wheredoesthemannormallygocycling?A.Alongthecoast. B.Inthenearbypark. C.Inthemountains.15.Whatisthelongestdistancethemanhascycled?A.50kilometers. B.100kilometers. C.150kilometers.16.Whydoesthemanenjoygrouprides?A.Theyhelpbreakhiscyclingrecord.B.Theygivehimasenseofbelonging.C.Theyusuallyinvolveintensepetition.【答案】13.A14.B15.C16.B【解析】【原文】W:Iheardyouarereallyintocycling,Henry.I’vebeenthinkingaboutgivingitatry.Anytipsforabeginner?M:Definitely!First,getafortablebikeandstartatyourownpace.Beginwithshortridesandgraduallyincreasethedistance.Next,alwayswearahelmetforsafety.Plus,don’thesitatetoexploredifferentroutes.W:Goodadvice.Doyouhavearegularcyclingroute?M:Yes.Mostofthetime,Igocyclinginthenearbypark,andsometimesIridealongthecoastorinthemountains.W:Nice.What’sthelongestdistanceyou’vecycled?50kilometers?M:Mybestrecordis3timesthatdistance.W:Amazing!Iadmireyourwillpower.Bytheway,I’veheardaboutgrouprides.Haveyoueverattendedone?M:Yeah.Croupridesarefantastic.Ilikethem.Ienjoymeetingfellowcyclistsandsharingmyexperienceswiththem.Andthere’sagreatsenseofmunity.It’sallforfun,notforpetition.W:Cyclingseemslikeagreatwaytostayfitandenjoytheoutdoors.M:Ittrulyis.Giveitashot!听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】17.Whatwasmentionedintheopenletter?A.TheconcernaboutAIaffectinghumancreativityinwriting.B.TheroleofsciencefictionininfluencingAIdevelopment.C.ThepotentialbenefitsofAIinthefieldofwriting.18.WhatisthemaintopicofthebookIIUM?A.Afactcheckingprogramwiththepowertochangefacts.B.ApoetwhoagreestoworkwithanAIpoetrypany.C.AwifeandmotherwhoisoutofworkduetoAI.19.WhoisRyanDoherty?A.Agovernmentworker. B.Adoctor. C.Adirector.20.WhichworkwascreatedwiththehelpofAI?A.Sike. B.DeathofanAuthor. C.InOurLikeness.【答案】17.A18.C19.C20.B【解析】【原文】W:Formanybookwriters,artificialintelligence(AI)isathreattotheirworkandtheveryideaofcreativity.Morethan10,000writerssupportedanopenletterabouttheissuefromtheAuthorsGuildthissummer.TheletterurgedAIpaniesnottousecopyrightedworkswithoutpermissionorpayment.AIthesametime,AIisastorythatcanbetold,andnolongerexistsonlyinsciencefiction.HelenPhillipsisthewriterofthebookHUM.IttellsofawifeandmotherwholosesherjobbecauseofAI.PhillipssaidthereisahopeinAIforgainingallknowledge,butthereisa“fearofbeingreplacedbynonhumanintelligence”.RyanDohertyisadirectoratCeladonBooks.ItrecentlyagreedtopublishFredLunzker’sbookSike,featuringanAIdoctor.“We’vebeenseeingmoreandmoreaboutAIinbookproposals,”Dohertysaid.OtherAIrelatedbooksincludeDoYouRememberBeingBorn?IttellsofapoetwhoagreestoworkwithanAIpoetrypany.ThereisalsoInOurLikeness.Ittellsaboutagovernmentworkerandafactcheckingprogramwiththepowertochangefacts.SomewritersarenotjustwritingaboutAI.Theyarealsoopenlyworkingwithit.Earlierthisyear,StephenMarcheusedAItowritetheshortbookDeathofanAuthor.SimonRichworkedwiththeAIprogram“codedavinci002”tocreateIAmCode.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从年题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABigThinkersSeriesThe2022BigThinkersSeriesfromNewScientisteventsfeaturesfouronlinetalks,coveringawiderangeoftopicsbyworldclassscientistspeakersandexperts.Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourplanetoryouruniverse,thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.Save£20offthestandardticketpricebypurchasingaseriestickettoallfourtalksintheBigThinkersSeries(availableondemand)orpurchasesingleticketsforjust£13perlecture(availablebyearlybooking).Reality+:FromtheMatrixtotheMetaversewithDavidChalmersInthistalk,philosopherDavidChalmersarguesthatMetaversestylevirtualworldsexperiencedthroughheadsetsarealsogenuineandmeaningfulrealitiesandwecanliveameaningfullifeinVR.Whatwedon’tknowaboutgravitywithClaudiadeRhamWeareallfamiliarwiththeconceptofgravity.Inthistalk,ProfessorClaudiadeRhamwillexplorehowmuchweactuallyknowaboutgravityandhowmuchmorethereislefttouncover.ABriefHistoryofTimekeepingwithChadOrzelFromStonehengetoatomicclocks,hereisthe5,000yearhistoryofhowscienceisusedtomarktime.ChadOrzel,theinternationallybestsellingauthorofHowtoTeachQuantumPhysicstoYourDog,offersusawittyjourneythroughscientifictheoryandquirky(反常的)historicaldetail.PhysicsattheEndoftheuniversewithKatieMackTheBigBangtheorytellsthestoryofthebeginningoftheuniverseforthelast13.8billionyears.Buthowdoesthestoryend?JoinastronomerKatieMackassheshareswhatmodernastrophysicstellsusaboutthefinalfateoftheuniverse.21.Howmuchdoesaseriesticketcost?A.£13. B.£20. C.£30. D.£32.22.WhatwillChadOrzellecturein?A.Thegenuinereality. B.Thesecretsofgravity.CThehistoryoftimemarking. D.Thefinalfateoftheuniverse.23.Whatdothefourtalkshaveinmon?A.Theyareallaimedatsciencelovers. B.Theyareallconcernedwithgravity.C.Theywillallbegivenbybestsellingauthors. D.Theywillallbegivenbyexcellentphysicians.【答案】21.D22.C23.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章是一则广告，介绍《新科学家》举办的2022年大思想家系列活动的四场在线讲座。【21题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Save£20offthestandardticketpricebypurchasingaseriestickettoallfourtalksintheBigThinkersSeries(availableondemand)orpurchasesingleticketsforjust£13perlecture(availablebyearlybooking).(购买“大思想家”系列所有四场演讲的系列票(可按需购买)或购买单场票价仅为13英镑(可提前预订)，可以节省标准票价20英镑)”可知，单场的票价是13英镑，购买一个系列可以节约20英镑，因此买一个系列的票价为：4*1320=32（英镑）。故选D。【22题详解】细节理解题。根据ABriefHistoryofTimekeepingwithChadOrzel部分的“FromStonehengetoatomicclocks,hereisthe5,000yearhistoryofhowscienceisusedtomarktime.ChadOrzel,theinternationallybestsellingauthorofHowtoTeachQuantumPhysicstoYourDog,offersusawittyjourneythroughscientifictheoryandquirky(反常的)historicaldetail.(从巨石阵到原子钟，这是5000年来科学如何用来标记时间的历史。ChadOrzel是国际畅销书《如何教你的狗量子物理》的作者，他通过科学理论和离奇的历史细节为我们提供了一段诙谐的旅程)”可知，ChadOrzel的讲座是关于时间标记的历史。故选C。【23题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的“Ifyouarecuriousaboutyourplanetoryouruniverse,thenthisseriesisyourplacetohearthelatestresearch.(如果你对你的星球或宇宙感到好奇，那么这个系列是你听到最新研究的地方)”可知，这四个讲座的共同之处是它们都是针对科学爱好者。故选A。BThatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernforNgurangMeena,aschoolteacherinNirjuli.The30­year­oldsocialscienceteacher,whorantheNgurangLearningInstitute,anadultliteracycentre,saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshereadstudentpapers.“Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ItbreaksmyheartwheneverIseeanswersheets—basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere’sanabsenceofanycohesive(连贯的)expression.Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero,”Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulion30August2020,wherepassers­bycouldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovelsaswellasicsforyoungchildren.“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay,”shelaughed.Meena’sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereadingcorner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.Now,generouscontributionsofbookseinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown,shealsolendsbooksouttothosewhowanttoreadathome.“Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbeesuchabiginspiration,”Meenasaid.“Sincechildhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsisfocusedongamesandotherthings.Idon’twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack,”sheadded.24.What’stheaimofMeena’sreadingprogram?A.Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.B.Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.C.TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.25.WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?A.Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.B.Sheprovidedthemwithtransportation.C.Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.D.Sheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.26WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena’slibraries?A.Smallanduseless.B.Influentialandmeaningful.C.Largebutimpractical.D.Widespreadbutunwele.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.Books：SourcesofKnowledgeB.TheRoadsideReadingCornerC.TheLibrary：anIdealplacefortheYoungD.NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlan【答案】24.A25.A26.B27.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位名叫Meena的女教师发现孩子们缺乏阅读后，决定开设一个路边的读书角，以激励他们多读书的故事。【24题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Theylackguidanceandtheirreadingcultureisalmostzero(他们缺乏指导，他们的阅读文化几乎为零)”以及第二段中的“Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulion30August2020,wherepassers­bycouldspendtimereading.(2020年8月30日，Meena在尼尔朱利的路边搭建了一个书架，书架上有大约80本书和一些长凳，路人可以在那里花时间阅读。)”可知，Meena阅读计划的目的是关心那些缺乏阅读条件的年轻人，故选A。【25题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositandread,butthatisokay(我必须用糖果来取悦未成年人，让他们坐下来看书，但这没关系)”可知，Meena通过给小孩子一些糖果作为奖励来鼓励他们多读书，故选A。【26题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“generouscontributionsofbookseinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceivingrequeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.(公众慷慨捐赠书籍，她甚至收到在该州其他地区建立此类图书馆的请求，包括在首都伊塔那加的一个图书馆。)”可知，Meena的路边图书馆想法得到了外界的广泛支持与认可，人们想要更多这样的图书馆。因此，Meena的图书馆是非常有意义且有影响力的，故选B。【27题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNirjulion30August2020(受Mizoram类似提议的启发，Meena于2020年8月30日在Nirjuli的路边设立了一个书架，书架上有大约80本书以及一些长凳)”以及结合全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Meena为了鼓励孩子们多读书，在路边开设了街边图书馆，故选B。CAhandshakeseemstobeanormalgesture.Infact,inthe9thcenturyBC,anancientsiteduringtherulingofShalmaneserⅢclearlyshowstwofiguresholdinghands.Centurieslater,ShakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacterswhoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIi.Shakinghandsseemslobeanancientcustomwhoserootshavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquette(礼仪)booksnotethatthemodernhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.ButwhatifShakespearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?AccordingloauthorTorbjdmLundmarkinhisTalesofHiandBye:GreetingandPartingRitualsAroundtheWorldtheproblemesindifferentdefinitionsofthehandshake.Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace.Shakespearewassimilarlyreferencingsettlementofaconflict.Themodernhandshakeasaformofgreetingisharderlotrace.AsaDutchsociologistHermanRoodenburg—thechiefauthorityforthehistoryofhandshaking—wroteinachapterofananthologycalledACulturalHistoryofGesture,“Morethaninanyotherfield,thatofthestudyofgestureisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues”.Asthecenturiesprogressed,handshakingwasreplacedbymorehierarchical(等级的)waysofgreeting—likebowing.Handshakingsurvivedinafewremoteplaces,likeinDutchtownswheresomewouldusethegesturetomakepeaceafterdisagreements.Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomadeuseofhandshaking.Then,astheContinent’shierarchywasweakened,handshakingbecameamonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.28.WhydoestheauthormentionShakespeareinthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Toprovethatthehistoryofhandshakingishardtofind.B.Toillustratethathandshakingisaveryoldcustom.C.Toshowreadersthathandshakingismoninfiction.D.Toexplainthevalueofhandshakinginmunication.29.Whatcanwelearnabouthandshakingfromthepassage?A.Theoriginofhandshakingasaformofgreetingiseasylotrace.B.CitizensusuallyshakehandstoshowfriendlinessinHolland.C.Itwasusedonlybetweenfriendsandtoreachanagreement.D.Itisamonpracticebetweenpeopleofdifferentsocialpositions.30.Whichofthefollowingissimilarinmeaningto“anthology”inPara.4?A.Thescienceofmentalability. B.Acollectionofselectedliterarypassages.C.Adailywrittenrecordofexperiences. D.Allthelivingthingsofaparticularregion.31.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphofthepassage?A.ThehandshakehasdisappearedinsomeremotepartsoftheNetherlands.B.HandshakinghasdifferentmeaningsindifferentEuropeancountries.C.Handshakesarenowmonbetweenpeopleofdifferentpositions.D.MostEuropeansprefertoshakehandsowingtotheweakeningeffectofrank.【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，这篇文章主要讲述了握手这一古老的礼仪习俗的起源和演变。最后，文章指出握手在欧洲逐渐被鞠躬等具有等级意味的问候方式取代，但在一些地方仍然保留下来，并逐渐成为同等地位人们之间的常见问候方式。【28题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Centurieslater,ShakespeareoncewroteoftwocharacterswhoshookhandsandsworetobebrothersinthebookAsYouLikeIt.Shakinghandsseemstobeanancientcustomwhoserootshavedisappearedinthesandsoftime.”（几个世纪后，莎士比亚曾在《皆大欢喜》中描写两个人物握手并发誓要成为兄弟。握手似乎是一种古老的习俗，其根源已消失在时间的长河中。）以及第二段中“ButwhatifShakespearehadwrittenabouthandshakinghundredsofyearsearlier?”（但是，如果莎士比业在几百年前就写过握手呢？）可知，第一段和第二段中通过莎士比业对于握手这个习俗早已存在，其存在根源消失在历史的长河中，但是通过莎士比亚笔下可以说明握手是这个习俗是非常古老的，在其存在的几百年前，就已经记录过。故选B。【29题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Historianswhohavestudiedancientetiquette(礼仪)booksnotethatthemodemhandshakedidnotappearuntilthemiddleofthe19thcentury,whenitwasconsideredaslightlyinappropriategesturethatcouldonlybeusedbetweenfriends.”（研究古代礼仪书籍的历史学家指出，现代握手直到19业纪中叶才出现，当时它被认为是一种稍微不合适的手势，只能在朋友之间使用。）可知，对于握手这个习俗直到19世纪中叶才出现，当时它被认为是一种稍微不合适的手势，只能在朋友之间使用。同时根据第四段中“Theearlyhandshakesmentionedabovewerepartofmakingdealsorpeace”（上面提到的早期握手是达成协议或和平的一部分）以及“Shakespearewassimilarlyreferencingsettlementofaconflict.”（莎士比亚也同样提到了冲突的解决。）可知，握手曾经只在朋友之间使用，并且用来达成协议。故选C。【30题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线词后而的内容“ACulturalHistoryofGesture《手势的文化史》”以及“Morethaninanyotherfield,thatofthestudyofgestureisoneinwhichthehistorianhastomakethemostofonlyafewclues”（在手势研究领域，历史学家只需要充分利用少数线索，这一点在其他任何领域都不常见）可知，荷兰社会学家林尔曼·卢登堡所撰写的著作即《手势的文化史》中的一个章节指出在手势研究领域，历史学家只需要充分利用少数线索，这一点在其他任何领域都不常见的事实。故划线词表示荷兰社会学家赫尔曼·卢登堡所撰写文章的精选的文学段落，其与B为同义词。故选B。【31题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aroundthesametime,thosewhovaluedequalityalsomadeuseofhandshaking.Then,asheContinent’shierarchywasweakened,handshakingbecameamonpracticeamongpeopleofthesamerank,asitistoday.”（大约在同一时期，那些重视平等的人也会使用握手。然后，随着欧洲大陆的等级制度被削弱，握手成为同一等级的人之间的一种普遍做法，就像今天一样。）可知，大多数欧洲人更喜欢握手，因为等级的影响越来越弱。故选D。DPublichealthdatasignalsagenuinecrisisinadolescentmentalhealth:risingratesofanxiety,depression,andhopelessness.Butasweworryaboutteenswhoarestruggling,wecan’tignoreanothermountingeffect—theburdensthatareshoulderedbyheirfriendsandpeersinan“alwayson”world.Wehavestudiedteensandlechforoveradecade.Theirnetworksareeverexpanding,innosmallpartbecausethere’sasensethatbeingnicemeansacceptingfellowrequestsfromacquaintancesandfriendsoffriends.Andit’snotjuststayingconnected—it’skeepingupwithwhatotherspost,too.Socialmediaplatformsthusmakeittechnicallypossibletomaintainmorerelationshipsthaneverbefore.Theresultisanoverwhelmingwaveofsocialinformation.It’sespeciallyintenseforadolescentswhosesensitivitiesdrivethemtocaredeeplyaboutwhattheirpeersaredoingandthinking.Significantstresseswithtryingtobea“goodfriend”intheageofsocialmedia.Friendshiprequiresbothpublicandbehindthescenessupport.Evenbeforeasocialmediapostismadepublic,closefriendscanbepulledintophotoselection,editing,andfinalexamination.Besides,theyneedtorespondintherightwayandintherightamountoftime,whichdiffersfromonerelationshiptoanother.Replyingtooquicklycanbeseenasovereager,especiallywhenthefriendshipisnewornotclose.Butwhenit’saclosefriend,toolongalag(延迟)canbehurtful.Technologieshavetransformedhowfriendshipsplayout.Socialmediaincreasestheburdensthatealongwithbeingagoodfriend.Toooften,thesedynamicshitteenshardinwaysthatareignoredbyadults.Andthatiswhatshouldbechangedwiththehelpofparents,schoolsandotherpartsofsociety.32.Whatmakesteenagers’networkscontinuetoexpand?A.Thepressuretobenice. B.Therequestsoftheirparents.C.Theneedtomeetmorepeople. D.Theburdenoflivingindependently.33.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbeingagoodfriendintheageofsocialmedia?A.Exciting. B.Challenging. C.Timesaving. D.Risktaking.34.Whatshouldbechangedaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Thequalitiesofbeingateenfriend.B.Theconflictsbetweenschoolsandparents.C.Therelationsbetweenparentsandtheirteens.D.Theinfluencesofsocialmediaonteenfriendship.35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Whymoreteensareaddictedtosocialmedia.B.Howteensnowadaysgainlongstandingfriendships.C.Howsocialmediahasmadeteenfriendshipsmorestressful.D.Whatmakesteensbeemoresensitivetotheirpeers’needs.【答案】32.A33.B34.D35.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲的是社交媒体是如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的。【32题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的“Theirnetworksareeverexpanding,innosmallpartbecausethere’sasensethatbeingnicemeansacceptingfellowrequestsfromacquaintancesandfriendsoffriends.(他们的社交网络不断扩大，很大程度上是因为他们觉得友善意味着接受来自熟人和朋友的朋友的请求。)”可知，让青少年的社交网络不断扩大的是友善的压力。故选A。【33题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“Significantstresseswithtryingtobea“goodfriend”intheageofsocialmedia.Friendshiprequiresbothpublicandbehindthescenessupport.Evenbeforeasocialmediapostismadepublic,closefriendscanbepulledintophotoselection,editing,andfinalexamination.Besides,theyneedtorespondintherightwayandintherightamountoftime,whichdiffersfromonerelationshiptoanother.(在社交媒体时代，试图成为“好朋友”会带来巨大的压力。友谊需要公开和幕后的支持。甚至在社交媒体帖子被公开之前，亲密的朋友就可以参与照片的选择、编辑和最终检查。此外，他们需要以正确的方式和适当的时间做出回应，这在不同的关系中是不同的。)”可知，在社交媒体时代做一个好朋友是具有挑战性的。故选B。【34题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段的“Technologieshavetransformedhowfriendshipsplayout.SocialmediaincreasestheburdensthatealongwithbeingagoodFriend.Toooften,thesedynamicshit.teenshardinwaysthatareignoredbyadults.Andthatiswhatshouldbechangedwiththehelpofparents,schoolsandotherpartsofsociety.(但科技已经改变了友谊的发展方式。社交媒体增加了成为好朋友的负担。通常情况下，这些动态对青少年的影响是成年人所忽视的。在家长、学校和社会其他方面的帮助下，这种情况应该得到改变。”可知，根据最后一段，应该改变的是社交媒体对青少年友谊的影响。故选D。【35题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“Butasweworryaboutteenswhoarestruggling,wecan’tignoreanothermountingeffect—theburdensthatareshoulderedbytheirfriendsandpeersinan“alwayson”world.(但是，当我们担心那些正在挣扎的青少年时，我们不能忽视另一个日益增加的影响——在一个“永远在线”的世界里，他们的朋友和同龄人所承担的负担。）”可知，本文主要讲的是社交媒体如何让青少年的友谊变得更紧张的，故选C。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Photographyformehasalwaysbeenakey.Itopensupdoors,givesmeanexcusetotravelwithmorepurpose,andletsmeseebehindthescenes.____36____—“Bettergetbacktotakingphotos.Nicetochat!”Whatismyadvicetobeginners?Ididn’tstudyphotography;I’mnotformallytrained;____37____Butthat’snotwhatphotographyisaboutforme.Ifyouwanttobeaphotographer,beconstantlyaskingyourselfthequestion:“Whatisthestoryhere?”Itdoesn’tmatterifyouareshootingadishatyourfavoriterestaurantorthefoodwasteprocessingplantthatdealswithwat’sleftover—____38____Whatdoesthatmean?IfI’mphotographingadinnerpartyforSocialSupply,it’simportanttocapturenotjusttheplateoffood,buttostepbackandcapturethescenearoundit.IfI’mtakingphotosofamushroomharvestinYunnan,Imakesuretofindananglethatshowsjusthowmuchthey’veharvested,butalsoafewcloseupsoftheweatheredhandsthatarecarefullysorting.____39____I’vetakenhundredsofthousandsofphotosthisyearalone.Themoreyoushootthebetteryouwillbe.So,startshooting—anythingandeverything,butspeciallyyourfiends’businessesandprojects.DoIhaveagoodcamera?Yes,butsomepeoplestillthinkthatthephotosIpostfrommyphoneweretakenonthatcamera,sodon’tconfuseagooddevicewithbeingagoodphotographer.____40____sostartthere,andstarttoday.A.Letthestoryguideyou.B.Ihavevirtuallynoartexperience.C.Likeanything,p