教材知识全梳理26人教版2019必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions（词汇短语句式）

Unit4HistoryandTraditions词汇1．Confuciusn．孔子2．individualadj.单独的；个别的n．个人3．chiefadj.最重要的；最高级别的n．(公司或机构的)首领；酋长4．nearbyadj.附近的；邻近的adv.在附近5．legaladj.法律的；合法的6．battlen．战役；搏斗vi.&vt.搏斗；奋斗7．portn．港口(城市)8．chargen．收费；指控；主管vt.收费；控告；充电9．amountn．金额；数量10．approachn．方法；途径；接近vt.接近；接洽；着手处理vi.靠近11．ensurevt.保证；确保；担保12．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的；丰富的13．positionn．位置；姿态；职位14．snackn．点心；小吃15．eageradj.热切的；渴望的16．countyn．(英国、爱尔兰的)郡；(美国的)县17．feastn．盛宴；宴会；节日18．rollvi.&vt.(使)翻滚；(使)滚动n．卷(轴)；翻滚19．dotn．点；小(圆)点vt.加点；遍布20．cattlen．牛21．roarvi.&n．吼叫；咆哮22．oceann．大海；海洋23．greetvt.问候；迎接24．pubn．酒吧；酒馆25．winen．葡萄酒；果酒词性转换1．puzzlen．谜；智力游戏；疑问vt.迷惑；使困惑→puzzlingadj.令人困惑的→puzzledadj.感到困惑的2．defencen．防御；保卫→defendv．防御；保卫→defensiveadj.防御的；保护的3．legaladj.法律的；合法的→illegaladj.不合法的4．surroundvt.围绕；包围→surroundingadj.周围的→surroundingsn．周围的环境5．evidencen．证据；证明→evidentadj.明显的6．achievementn．成就；成绩；达到→achievevt.达到；实现7．locationn．地方；地点；位置→locatevt.位于；找……的位置8．fascinatingadj.极有吸引力的；迷人的→fascinatev．使……入迷，迷住→fascinatedadj.着迷的9．announcevt.宣布；通知；声称→announcementn．宣布；通知→announcern．广播员；解说员10．poetn．诗人→poemn．诗歌→poetryn．诗歌(总称)11．strikingadj.引人注目的；显著的→strikevt.打击；攻击；打动n．罢工12．crowdn．人群；一群人；民众vt.挤满；使……拥挤→crowdedadj.拥挤的短语belongto 属于aswellas同(一样也);和;还indefence(of...)为了保卫(……)defend...from/against...防御/保卫……以免受……surround...with...用……包围……besurroundedwith/by...被……包围/环绕asenseofachievement成就感makeanachievement 取得成就achieveone’sgoal 达到目的breakaway(fromsb./sth.)脱离;背叛;逃脱breakdown损坏;发生故障;垮掉;失败;分解breakinto 破门而入breakout (战争)爆发;(火灾)突然发生breakup 结束;(关系)破裂;驱散;解散breakthrough 突破breakoff 折断;中止,中断incharge(of...)主管/看管/负责(……)takechargeof...负责/看管……in/underthechargeof...=inone’scharge在……的掌管之下freeofcharge免费charge(sb.)forsth.为……(向某人)收费/要价chargesb.with(doing)sth.控告某人(做)某事announcesth.tosb.向某人宣告某事Itisannouncedthat...据宣布……makeanannouncement宣布alargeamountof/largeamountsof 大量的inlarge/smallamounts 大量地/少量地(an)approachto(doing)sth. 接近,近似;(做某事)的方法(途径)with...approaching 在某事/物快到的时候attheapproachof在……快到的时候beeagerfor...=longfor;desirefor渴望……beeagertodo...=longtodosth.;desiretodosth.渴望做某事acrowdof 一大群;许多的thecrowd人群crowdinto涌入;挤入becrowdedwith 挤满了;充满begenerousto/towardssb.对某人宽宏大量begenerouswith 用……很大方1.join...to...把……和……连接或联结起来keepyoureyesopen(for) 留心;留意alittlebit 一点resultin 导致referto 提到;涉及worktogether 合作 takeover接管leavebehind 留下datebackto 追溯fixone’seyeson 集中注意力于haveaninfluenceon 对……有影响havealonghistory 有悠久历史bedottedwith 点缀着makeup 构成;组成introduceoneself 自我介绍belikelyto 可能句式1．省略句式Sowhatisthedifferencebetweenthem，ifany?2．动名词短语作主语GettingtoknowalittlebitaboutBritishhistorywillhelpyousolvethispuzzle.3．theway作先行词，后跟省略了that/inwhich引导的定语从句TheyintroducedthebeginningsoftheEnglishlanguage，andchangedthewaypeoplebuilthouses．4．have＋宾语＋过去分词(短语)TheyhadcastlesbuiltallaroundEngland，andmadechangestothelegalsystem.5．make＋宾语＋宾补Studyingthehistoryofthecountrywillmakeyourvisitmuchmoreenjoyable．1．现在分词短语作状语Itsbeautifulcountrysideexcitesandinspiresall，offeringsomethingforeachofthesenses．2．with复合结构Thepeacefullandscapeofthe“EmeraldIsle”anditsmanygreencountiesisatruefeastfortheeyes，withitsrollinggreenhillsdottedwithsheepandcattle．3．Itis/was＋n./adj.＋todo/that从句Withallthisbeauty，itisnotsurprisingthatIrelandhasdevelopedstrongtraditionsthatincludemusic，dancing，anddining.教材话题题型综合训练词性转换（一）1．

n．大笔的钱；巨款→fortunateadj.幸运的→fortunatelyadv.幸运地→[反义词]unfortunateadj.不幸的2．

adj.约定的；指定的→appointv．任命；委派→appointmentn．任命；约会3．

adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitteradj.痛苦的，苦的→bitternessn．苦味，痛苦4．

adv.痛苦地，愤恨地→bitteradj.痛苦的，苦的→bitternessn．苦味，苦难5．adj.感到不好意思的；难为情的→shamen．羞愧→shamefuladj.可耻的6．

v．(卷着的东西)展开；打开→[反义词]foldv．折叠；对折7．

n．地点；位置→locatev．位于；确定……的位置8．

n．周围的事物；环境→surroundvt.围绕；环绕→surroundingadj.周围的；附近的9．

n．个性；性格→personaladj.个人的→personallyadv.就自己而言【答案】1．fortune2．appointed3．bitterly4．bitterly5．ashamed6．unfold7．location8．surroundings9．personality词性转换（二）10．minorityn.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人→adj.较小的；次要的→adj.主要的vi.主修→n.大多数11．depthn.最深处；深（度）；深刻；深厚→adj.深的；深厚的→adv.极其；至深处；强烈地12．surroundingadj.周围的，附近的→v.包围；围绕→n.环境13．harmonyn.融洽，和睦；和谐→adj.和谐的14．consumptionn.消耗，消耗量；消费→v.消耗；消费→n.消费者；顾客，客户15．starvevi.&vt.（使）挨饿，（使）饿死→n.挨饿；饿死16．departuren.离开，起程→v.离开；起程；背离17．possessionn.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有→v.具有，拥有18．envyn.&vt.羡慕，忌妒→adj.羡慕的；嫉妒的【答案】10．minormajormajority11．deepdeeply12．surroundsurroundings13．harmonious14．consumeconsumer15．starvation16．depart17．possess18．envious词性转换（三）19．initiallyadv.最初→adj.开始的，最初的20．crowdedadj.拥挤的→n．人群21．failv．失败→n．失败22．psychologyn．心理学；心理；心理影响→n．心理学家23．thrilledadj.非常兴奋的→n．惊险，刺激v．使兴奋24．oxygenizevt.使氧化→n.氧气25．confirmableadj.可证实的；可确定的→vt.确认；确定26．sheerlyadv.完全地；全然地→adj.绝对的；透明的【答案】19．initial20．crowd21．failure22．psychologist23．thrill24．oxygen25．confirm26．sheer词性转换（四）27．extensionn.扩大；延伸→v.持续，延伸；扩展28．disabledadj.残疾的→n.残疾，残障29．sensen.感官；感觉→adj.敏感的，容易生气的30．generosityn.慷慨，大方→adj.慷慨的，大方的31．hesitationn.迟疑，犹豫→v.迟疑，犹豫32．assistv.帮助，援助→n.帮助，援助33．institutevt.开始（调查）；制定；创立→n.制度；建立；机构34．confirmvt.确认；确定；证实→n.确认；证实；证明【答案】27．extend28．disability29．sensitive30．generous31．hesitate32．assistance33．institution34．confirmation完成句子35．Tobefrank,Iwon’thave(我的时间被占用)withuselessdiscussion.(用非谓语动词作宾补)【答案】mytimetakenup【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：坦率地说，我不会让无谓的讨论占用了我的时间。根据句意及汉语提示，本句为非谓语动词作宾补，havesthdone使某事被……，“时间”翻译为time，不可数名词。“占用”为takeup，过去分词为takenup。故翻译为：mytimetakenup。36．Beforelong,theyoungviolinist(围绕)withpeople,whowereallattractedbythewordsonthatpaper.【答案】wassurrounded【详解】考查动词。句意：不久，这位年轻的小提琴手周围都是人，他们都被那张纸上的文字所吸引。根据句意和中文提示可知，表示“围绕”可用动词surround，在本句中作谓语，且theyoungviolinist与surround为被动关系，且这里时态应与后面保持一致，应用一般过去时的被动语态，描述过去情况，主语是单数，be动词使用was。故填wassurrounded。37．Thepersonismyheadteacher(致力于教学).【答案】mittedtoteaching/devotedtoteaching【详解】考查动词短语和非谓语动词。句意：这个人是我的校长，致力于教学。“致力于做某事”用动词短语bemitted/devotedtodoingsth.表示，在句中作后置定语修饰名词myheadteacher，与其逻辑主语myheadteacher之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式mitted/devotedtodoing作定语；“教学”用动词teach，用动名词作介词to的宾语。故填mitted/devotedtodoing。38．Fredhasgivenmenogoodreasonforbeingeagertoourmarriage.(用break的相关短语填空)【答案】breakup【详解】考查动词短语。句意：弗雷德没有给我任何急于结束我们婚姻的充分理由。结合句意可知，动词短语breakup“结束（关系等）”符合句意，beeagertodo意为“急于做某事”，设空处填动词原形。故填breakup。39．Hecouldhavemadeagoodpilotbuthisdrinkinghabitwashis(致命的弱点).【答案】Achilles’heel【详解】考查名词短语。句意：他本可以成为一名优秀的飞行员，但他的酗酒习惯是他的致命弱点。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为名词短语Achilles’heel“致命的弱点”，满足句意要求，作表语。故填Achilles’heel。40．Theboy(逃脱)hismotherandranaway.【答案】brokeawayfrom【详解】考查动词短语和时态。句意：男孩挣脱母亲跑掉了。根据汉语意思提示可知，此处为动词短语breakawayfrom“摆脱”，满足句意要求，结合and连接的ranaway可知，此处应为一般过去时。故填brokeawayfrom。41．Didn’tyoueverlookatthemessages(张贴)thebulletinboard?【答案】postedon【详解】考查动词短语。句意：你没看过公告牌上的留言吗？根据汉语提示可知，空处需要动词短语poston“把…张贴在…上”。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词messages。该动词短语和修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填postedon。42．HewasThomasClap,(一位深受尊敬的睿智的校长)inYalehistory.【答案】ahighlyrespectedwisepresident【详解】考查名词短语。句意：他就是ThomasClap，耶鲁历史上的一位深受尊敬的睿智的校长。表示“一位深受尊敬的睿智的校长”为名词短语ahighlyrespectedwisepresident，作同位语，其中形容词wise和动词过去分词转化的形容词respected作定语，副词highly修饰形容词respected。故填ahighlyrespectedwisepresident。43．Iwantto(做头发).【答案】havemyhairdone【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想做头发。结合语意可知，此处表示让别人做某事，使用havesth.done结构，wanttodosth.为固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，所以空处应用动词原形形式，“头发”myhair，作have的宾语，“做”do，与逻辑主语myhair之间是被动关系，使用过去分词形式done作宾语补足语。故填havemyhairdone。44．Accordingtoourforecast,there’llbesomedaysofheavyrain(伴随着劲风)intheweekahead.【答案】acpaniedbystrongwind【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据我们的预报，未来一周将有几天大雨并伴有强风。“伴随着劲风”作后置定语修饰名词rain；“伴随”用动词acpany，是非谓语动词，结合句意，应理解为“由……伴随”，与其逻辑主语heavyrain之间是被动关系，用过去分词acpanied表被动，“劲风”用名词strongwind，是施动者，用介词by引出。故填acpaniedbystrongwind。阅读理解EastYorkshirehastypicalunpredictableBritishweather.Soherearesomeideastokeepeverybodyhappywhentheweatherisnotthemostideal.William’sDenTheoutdoorandindoorareasaresuitableforchildrenofallagestohavefun.Thereareneststoexplore,ropebridgestocross,atreehouseandaslide.Theattachedkitchenprovidesfreshfoodmadefromlocallysourcedingredients,servingaselectionoftreats.EastRidingLeisureCentresKnownforafunlearnerpoolalongsideanincrediblefunzonewithtwoslidesaswell,itisperfectforkidstofindtheirfeetinthewater,havefunandexplore.Its6climbingwallsofferadifferentchallengeoneach.Thisplaceissuitableforanyoneovertheageof4andyoucanrefuelatcafewithfreshfood,snacksandcakes.SewerbyHallandGardensWhentheweather’snotsure,takecoverinthehallandlearnhowlifewasintheearly1900’sfortheresidentsandworkersofthehouse.Thenexplorethezooandmeetthepigs,parrotsandpenguins!Kidsofallagesarewele.WithernseaLighthouseThere’snolimitationtotheageofkidstoclimbWithernseaLighthouse,whichis144stepstothetop,withfullviewsoftheEastYorkshireCoastatthetopofit.Enjoythemuseumonthegroundfloorandlearnwhatlifeislikeworkingandlivinginalighthouse.45．Wherecankidsenjoyfood?A．InWilliam’sDenandSewerbyHallandGardens.B．InWilliam’sDenandEastRidingLeisureCentres.C．InEastRidingLeisureCentresandWithernseaLighthouse.D．InSewerbyHallandGardensandWithernseaLighthouse.46．Whichplaceisunsuitableforkidsattheageofthree?A．William’sDen. B．WithernseaLighthouse.C．SewerbyHallandGardens. D．EastRidingLeisureCentres.47．Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A．Tointroduceplacesforchildren. B．Tosharesomeideasoflearning.C．Toshowtheimportanceofplaying. D．Toadviseparentstostaywithkidsmore.【答案】45．B46．D47．A【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了东约克郡四个适合孩子游玩的地方。45．细节理解题。由文章William’sDen部分中“Theattachedkitchenprovidesfreshfoodmadefromlocallysourcedingredients,servingaselectionoftreats.(附属厨房提供新鲜的食物，从当地采购的原料，服务的选择对待。)”和EastRidingLeisureCentres部分中“Thisplaceissuitableforanyoneovertheageof4andyoucanrefuelatcafewithfreshfood,snacksandcakes.(这个地方适合4岁以上的人，你可以在咖啡馆里吃新鲜的食物，小吃和蛋糕。)”可知，William’sDen和EastRidingLeisureCentres都提到了可以供孩子们享受食物。故选B。46．细节理解题。由文章EastRidingLeisureCentres部分中“Thisplaceissuitableforanyoneovertheageof4andyoucanrefuelatcafewithfreshfood,snacksandcakes.(这个地方适合4岁以上的人，你可以在咖啡馆里吃新鲜的食物，小吃和蛋糕。)”可知，这个地方适合4岁以上的人群，因此对于3岁的孩子来说，这个地方是不合适的。故选D。47．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“EastYorkshirehastypicalunpredictableBritishweather.Soherearesomeideastokeepeverybodyhappywhentheweatherisnotthemostideal.(EastYorkshire有着典型的难以预测的英国天气。所以这里有一些主意，让大家在天气不理想的时候开心。)”可知，文章主要介绍了几个在EastYorkshire适合儿童在不佳天气时娱乐的地点，每个地方都提供了不同类型的活动和体验。因此，本文的目的是介绍适合儿童的地方。故选A。七选五Tiredofhavingthesameoldtravelexperiencesthatleaveyoufeelingunfulfilled(失望的)anddisconnected?Mindfultravelisofferinganewwaytoexploretheworldthatismeaningfulandsustainable.Mindfultravelisaconceptthatencouragesindividualstofullydiveintothepresentmomentwhileexploringnewdestinations.Individualsareawareoftheirsurroundings,engagingallthesenses,andenjoyingthebeautyofeachexperience.48Mindfultravelisnotjustaboutthedestinationbutalsothejourney.Thegoalistocreateapositiveimpactonbothindividualsandtheworldaroundthem.49Itisanopportunityforpeopletopositivelycontributetotheworld.Mindfultravelprovidesanopportunitytodisconnectfromthestressesofeverydaylife.50Whetherit’swanderingthroughabusymarket,hikinginnature,orsimplysittingbytheocean,itallowsustoletgoofourworriesandfullyenjoythebeautyofoursurroundings.51Bysteppingoutofourfortzonesandexperiencingnewcultures,wegainafreshviewpointonlife.Webeemoreopenminded,adaptable,andcaring.Throughinteractionswithlocalsandfellowtravelers,welearnaboutdifferentwaysoflifeanddevelopagreaterunderstandingoftheworld.Mindfultravelalsohasapositiveimpactonthedestinationswevisit.Mindfultravelersareawareoftheirimpactontheenvironment.52Bychoosingecofriendlyacmodations,supportinglocalbusinesses,andrespectingculturaltraditions,wecanensurethatourtravelsleaveagreenfootprint.A．Theycandeeplyappreciatethesurroundingsthroughit.B．Mindfultravelpromotesselfreflectionandpersonalgrowth.C．Whentraveling,weoftenleavebehindourroutinesandduties.D．Mindfultravelpositivelyimpactsourmentalandphysicalwellbeing.E．Thedemandsofdailyresponsibilitiesoftenleavelittletimeforselfcare.F．Theytrytoreducewaste,conserveresources,andsupportsustainableinitiatives.G．It’saboutbeingmindfulofone’sactionsandhowtheyaffectothersandtheenvironment.【答案】48．A49．G50．C51．B52．F【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了用心旅行的概念以及好处。48．根据上文“Mindfultravelisaconceptthatencouragesindividualstofullydiveintothepresentmomentwhileexploringnewdestinations.Individualsareawareoftheirsurroundings,engagingallthesenses,andenjoyingthebeautyofeachexperience.(用心旅行是一个鼓励人们在探索新目的地的同时充分投入当下的概念。每个人都意识到他们周围的环境，参与所有的感官，享受每一次体验的美丽)”可知，上文提到参与者可以通过用心旅行去享受体验的魅力，本句为本段最后一句，故承接上文，说明用心旅行的好处。A选项中it指代上文Mindfultravel。故A选项“他们可以通过它深刻地欣赏周围的环境”符合语境，故选A。49．根据上文“Mindfultravelisnotjustaboutthedestinationbutalsothejourney.Thegoalistocreateapositiveimpactonbothindividualsandtheworldaroundthem.(用心旅行不仅关乎目的地，也关乎旅程。目标是对个人和他们周围的世界产生积极的影响)”可知，上文解释了用心旅行的（对自己和周围世界产生影响的）目标，该空承接上文，继续对产生的影响进行开展说明。故G选项“这是关于注意自己的行为以及它们如何影响他人和环境”符合语境，故选G。50．根据上文“Mindfultravelprovidesanopportunitytodisconnectfromthestressesofeverydaylife.(用心旅行提供了一个脱离日常生活压力的机会)”以及后文“Whetherit’swanderingthroughabusymarket,hikinginnature,orsimplysittingbytheocean,itallowsustoletgoofourworriesandfullyenjoythebeautyofoursurroundings.(无论是在繁忙的市场漫步，在大自然中远足，还是只是坐在海边，它都能让我们放下烦恼，充分享受周围的美景)”可知，用心旅行让我们可以脱离日常生活的压力，即把日常的责任和职责暂时忘记。故C选项“旅行时，我们常常把例行公事和职责抛在脑后”符合语境，故选C。51．根据本段内容“Bysteppingoutofourfortzonesandexperiencingnewcultures,wegainafreshviewpointonlife.Webeemoreopenminded,adaptable,andcaring.Throughinteractionswithlocalsandfellowtravelers,welearnaboutdifferentwaysoflifeanddevelopagreaterunderstandingoftheworld.(通过走出我们的舒适区，体验新的文化，我们对生活有了新的看法。我们变得更加开放，适应能力更强，更有爱心。通过与当地人和其他旅行者的互动，我们了解了不同的生活方式，并对世界有了更深入的了解)”可知，本段的主旨是用心旅行让我们变得更加开放，适应能力更强，更有爱心，即促进了个人的成长和思考。故B选项“用心旅行促进自我反思和个人成长”符合语境，故选B。52．根据上文“Mindfultravelalsohasapositiveimpactonthedestinationswevisit.Mindfultravelersareawareoftheirimpactontheenvironment.(用心旅行也会对目的地产生积极影响。用心的旅行者意识到他们对环境的影响)”以及后文“Bychoosingecofriendlyacmodations,supportinglocalbusinesses,andrespectingculturaltraditions,wecanensurethatourtravelsleaveagreenfootprint.(通过选择环保的住宿，支持当地企业，尊重文化传统，我们可以确保我们的旅行留下绿色足迹)”可知，本句承接上文，具体说明用心的旅行者是如何致力于保护环境的。故F选项“他们努力减少浪费，节约资源，支持可持续发展的倡议”符合语境，故选F。完形填空SteveandMarkweregoodfriends.TheydecidedtospendtheirvacationinHaiti.Sincetheycouldn’t53French,theytookaFrenchwordbookwiththemandhopeditwouldhelpthemindifficultsituations.Theflightwas54,andthehotelwasveryfortable.Eachdayafterbreakfast,SteveandMarkpackedthepicniclunchanddinnerandwentofftovisitinterestingplaces.Afterafewdays,theboysbecame55ofeatingpicnicmealsanddecidedtoeatabigfishdinnerinagoodrestaurant.Unfortunately,theylefttheirwordbookinthehotel.They56themenucarefully.Aftertenminutes,StevesaidtoMark,“Idon’tunderstandthismenu.”“NeitherdoI,”saidMark.“Iseepoisononthemenu.Arethey57here?”“Maybe.Theyevenspelledpoison58.Theyspelleditp⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃ninsteadofp⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n.Butitmustmeanthesamething.Maybeweshouldgotoanotherrestaurant.Idon’t59toeatsomethingthatwillkillme.”ButMarkwas60,sohesaid,“Thereisnootherrestaurantnearhere,andI’mtiredofwalkingaroundthecity.Let’sordersomethingelseinstead.It’s61here,sothefoodmustbegood.”Theboyslookedatthemenuagain.Theyfinallydecidedtoordersteak,62theyreallywantedfish.Theboysjustpointedtothewordsteak,andthewaiterunderstood.Astheywereeating,they63sometouristsspeakingEnglish.“This64isdelicious.We’reluckywehavepickedarestaurantthat’sfamousforitsfish.”SteveandMarkwonderedwhattheydiscovered.“Famousforitsfish?Therewasnofishonthe65!”saidMark.Finally,Stevedecidedtofindoutwhatallthiswasabout.“Excuseme,howdidyouorderfishwhenitwasn’tonthemenu?”“Sureit’sonthemenu.It’srighthere.Poisson.”Theboysshouted,“Poisson.That’spoison!Wewere66whyarestaurantlikethiscouldhavepoisononthemenu.”Thetourists67,andoneofthemsaid,“No.PoissonisFrenchforfish.”53．A．speak B．inspect C．teach D．demand54．A．terrible B．straight C．quick D．excellent55．A．tired B．frightened C．grateful D．fond56．A．studied B．learnt C．remembered D．observed57．A．familiar B．crazy C．confident D．official58．A．fluently B．wrongly C．simply D．natively59．A．want B．recognize C．request D．recover60．A．scared B．equal C．tired D．endangered61．A．active B．fortable C．peaceful D．crowded62．A．since B．although C．unless D．because63．A．found B．sensed C．noticed D．heard64．A．steak B．insect C．fruit D．fish65．A．table B．menu C．show D．track66．A．determining B．wondering C．expressing D．admitting67．A．stopped B．shocked C．laughed D．shouted【答案】53．A54．D55．A56．A57．B58．B59．A60．C61．D62．B63．D64．D65．B66．B67．C【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Steve和Mark去法国旅游，由于不会法语在餐厅里误将“鱼”认为“毒药”的故事。53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于他们不会说法语，他们随身带了一本法语单词簿，希望它能帮助他们解决困难。A.speak说；B.inspect检查，审视；C.teach教；D.demand要求。根据“theytookaFrenchwordbook”可知，史蒂夫和马克不会说法语。故选A项。54．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行极好，酒店也很舒适。A.terrible可怕的；B.straight笔直的；C.quick快速的；D.excellent棒的，极好的。根据“andthehotelwasveryfortable.”可知，and连接两个并列含义的句子，此处表示飞行体验很棒。故选D项。55．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几天后，男孩们厌倦了野餐，决定去一家好餐馆吃一顿丰盛的鱼宴大餐。A.tired劳累的，厌倦的；B.frightened害怕的；C.grateful感激的；D.fond喜爱的。根据“decidedtoeatabigfishdinnerinagoodrestaurant”可知，男孩们厌倦了野餐，决定吃一顿丰盛的鱼宴大餐。故选A项。56．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们仔细研究菜单。A.studied学习，研究；B.learnt学习；C.remembered记住；D.observed观察。根据上文“Unfortunately,theylefttheirwordbookinthehotel.”及“themenucarefully”可知，他们去餐厅没有带单词簿，因此，需要仔细研究菜单。故选A项。57．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们疯了吗？A.familiar熟悉的；B.crazy疯狂的；C.confident自信的；D.official官方的。根据“Iseepoisononthemenu.”可知，poison在英语中意思为：毒药，他们以为餐厅菜单上有“毒药”，认为他们是疯了。故选B项。58．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把“毒药”拼错了。A.fluently流利地；B.wrongly错误地；C.simply仅仅；D.natively生来地。根据“Theyspelleditp⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃s⁃o⁃ninsteadofp⁃o⁃i⁃s⁃o⁃n.”可知，史蒂夫认为餐厅的菜单上还把这个单词拼写错误了。故选B项。59．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不想吃会害死我的东西。A.want想要；B.recognize识别；C.request要求；D.recover恢复。根据“toeatsomethingthatwillkillme”可知，史蒂夫表示不想吃可以害死自己的东西。故选A项。60．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是马克很累了，所以他说：“这附近没有别的餐馆了，我厌倦了在城市里到处走。我们点别的吧。这里人多，所以食物一定很好吃。”A.scared害怕的；B.equal平等的；C.tired劳累的；D.endangered濒危的。根据下文“andI’mtiredofwalkingaroundthecity.”可知，马克累了。故选C项。61．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.active活跃的；B.fortable舒适的；C.peaceful和平的；D.crowded拥挤的。根据“sothefoodmustbegood”可推知，马克是看到饭店里周围是人，所以猜测饭店的食物不错。故选D项。62．考查连词词义辨析。句意：虽然他们很想吃鱼，但最后还是决定点牛排。A.since自从；B.although尽管；C.unless除非；D.because因为。根据“theyreallywantedfish”及前文说他们点了牛排可知，虽然他们想吃鱼，但是找不到鱼，最后还是点了牛排。故选B项。63．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们正在吃的时候，他们听到一些游客在说英语。A.found发现；B.sensed感觉到；C.noticed注意到；D.heard听到。根据“sometouristsspeakingEnglish”可知，吃饭的时候听到游客在说英语。故选D项。64．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这鱼很好吃。A.steak牛排；B.insect昆虫；C.fruit水果；D.fish鱼。根据后文“We’reluckywehavepickedarestaurantthat’sfamousforitsfish”可知，游客点了鱼，所以说鱼很好吃。故选D项。65．考查名词词义辨析。句意：菜单上没有鱼！A.table桌子；B.menu菜单；C.show演出；D.track小道。根据下文“Excuseme,howdidyouorderfishwhenitwasn’tonthemenu?”可知，史蒂夫和马克认为菜单上没有鱼。故选B项。66．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们在想为什么像这样的餐厅会在菜单上放“毒药”。A.determining决定；B.wondering想知道；C.expressing表达；D.admitting承认。根据“whyarestaurantlikethiscouldhavepoisononthemenu.”可知，史蒂夫和马克认为poisson是“毒药”，想知道为什么“毒药”会在菜单上。故选B项。67．考查动词词义辨析。句意：游客们笑了，其中一个说：“不。Poisson是法语里“鱼”的意思。”A.stopped停止；B.shocked使震惊；C.laughed大笑；D.shouted喊叫。根据上文“whyarestaurantlikethiscouldhavepoisononthemenu.”及下文“No.PoissonisFrenchforfish.”可知，听到史蒂夫和马克将法语中“poisson”认作英语中的“poison（毒药）”，他们笑了。故选C项。单句语法填空68．AmonthlaterIwenttoSpain.ASpanishteacher(call)Paulacameandbeganthetest.【答案】called【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一个月后，我去了西班牙。一位名叫Paula的西班牙语老师来了，开始了测试。设空处为非谓语动词，ASpanishteacher与动词call为被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语修饰ASpanishteacher。故填called。69．Meat(label)“ScotchBeef”sellswellinthemarket.【答案】labelled【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：标有“苏格兰牛肉”的肉在市场上卖得很好。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰Meat，Meat和label为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填labelled。70．Whenhewokeupinthehospital,hefoundhimself(surround)bydoctorsandnurses.【答案】surrounded【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当他在医院醒来时，他发现周围都是医生和护士。这里是“find+宾语+宾补”结构，himself和surround之间是动宾关系，应用过去分词作宾补，故填surrounded。71．Peoplehavegivenanew3Dprintedshelltoaturtle(injure)inaforestfire.【答案】injured【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们为一只在森林火灾中受伤的乌龟提供了一个新的3D打印壳。空处需要非谓语动词作定语修饰aturtle。该动词和修饰的名词之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语。故填injured。72．Thepoorladyhadhermoney(steal)onthebuswheninghome.【答案】stolen【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：那位可怜的女士在回家的公共汽车上被人偷了钱。steal(偷)作使役动词had后宾语hermoney的补足语，与其逻辑主语hermoney之间是被动关系，用过去分词stolen表被动。故填stolen。73．Dressedinherfineclothes,theadorablegirlsuccessfullymadeherself(notice)intheparty.【答案】noticed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：穿着漂亮的衣服，这个可爱的女孩在派对上成功地让自己引起了注意。空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语herself之间为被动关系，所以用过去分词作宾补。故填noticed。74．Theoldest(evident)ofnoodleswasfrom4,000yearsagoinChina.【答案】evidence【详解】考查名词。句意：面条最古老的证据来自4000年前的中国。本空应用名词，作主语；evidence为名词，表示“证据”，符合句意。故填evidence。75．Michaelnoticedthelittleboyspinningthebasketballaroundtokeephimself(entertain).【答案】entertained【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：迈克尔注意到这个小男孩为了自娱自乐而旋转着篮球。此处为“keep+宾语+宾补”结构，逻辑主语himself与entertain构成被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故填entertained。76．Allofasudden,herealisedhehadhadthelettertoMikewrongly(address).【答案】addressed【详解】考查过去分词做宾补。句意：突然间，他意识到他把写给迈克的信地址写错了。分析句子可知，hehadhadthelettertoMikewrongly_______是动词realised的宾语从句，句子是过去完成时，第一个had是助动词，第二个had是have的过去式，作从句谓语。have的宾语是thelettertoMike，所给词address在本句是动词，含义为写（收信人）姓名地址，作宾补。和宾语构成被动关系。构成have+宾语+done（过去分词）的结构。address的过去分词为addressed。故填addressed。77．Atnight,theheat(absorb)bythewallduringthedaywarmsthecoolair,creatingafortabletemperatureinside.【答案】absorbed【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在晚上，白天墙壁吸收的热量加热了冷空气，创造了舒适的室内温度。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰theheat，theheat和absorb为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填absorbed。78．Thethieves（seize）bythepolicemenweretakentothepolicestation.【答案】seized【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：被警察抓住的小偷被带到了警察局。分析句子结构可知，句中已经含有一个谓语动词weretaken，且没有连接词，此处需要使用非谓语动词，Thethieves与seize之间为被动关系，此处使用过去分词作后置定语，故填seized。79．DrLinQiaozhigraduatedfromPUMCwiththeWenhaiScholarship,thehighestprize(give)tograduates.【答案】given【详解】考查非谓语。句意：林巧稚博士毕业于上海医学院，获得文海奖学金，该奖学金是颁发给毕业生的最高奖项。分析句子可知，这里考查非谓语，thehighestprize与give为被动关系，再由句意可知，这里应用过去分词作定语，修饰前面名词。故填given。80．Beforewegoingout,weshouldhaveourshoes(polish).【答案】polished【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我们出门前，我们应该把鞋子擦亮。空格处作宾语补足语，与宾语shoes是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填polished。81．Please(sure)thatalllightsareswitchedoffwhenyouleavetheoffice.【答案】ensure【详解】考查动词。句意：请确保离开办公室时所有灯都已关闭。本句话为祈使句，所以空处需要动词原形，后面接that引导的宾语从句。sure的动词形式为ensure“确保”，符合语境。故填ensure。82．Itseemsthatemojishaveclearadvantagesover(write)language.【答案】written【详解】考查过去分词。句意：表情符号似乎比书面语言有明显的优势。此空为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词language，writtenlanguage意为“书面语”，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填written。语篇填空WuhanisthecapitalofHubeiprovince,anditisthemostpopulouscityin83(center)China.ItliesattheeastofJianghanPlain,andtheintersectionoftheChangjiangRiverandHanRiver.Consistingofthethreetowns,Wuchang,Hankou,andHanyang,Wuhanisknown84“thoroughfaresofnineprovinces”;Itisamajortransportationhub,withdozensofrailways,roadsandexpressways85(pass)throughthecity.NowWuhan86(recognize)asthepolitical,economic,financial,cultural,educationalandtransportationcenterofcentralChina.TheEastLakehasavastexpanseofwater,87islargestnaturallakeinChinesecitiesandafamousnationalscenicspot.TheYellowCraneTowerisassumed88(build)firstinapproximately220AD．Ithasastronghistoricculturewithmanypoetswritingprettypoemsforit.HotandDryNoodles89(consist)oflongfreshlyboilednoodlesmixedwithsesamepaste.Itisconsideredtobethe90(typical)localfoodforbreakfast.Duck’sNeckis91localversionofthispopularChinesedish,madeofducknecksandspices.BeanPan(Doupi)isapopularlocaldishwithafillingofegg,rice,beef,andbeans,92(structure)likeapizzawithoutenclosingedges.Soupdumpling(Tangbao)isakindofdumplingwiththinskinmadeofflour,steamedwithveryjuicymeatinside.【答案】83．central84．as85．passing86．isrecognized87．which88．tobebuilt89．consists90．mosttypical91．a92．structurally【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍武汉这座城市以及它的美食。位于九省通衢的武汉，有很多传统美食，这里主要讲的是豆皮、热干面和汤包。83．考查形容词。句意：武汉是湖北省的省会，也是中国中部人口最多的城市。设空处在China名词前，应该用形容词形式作定语修饰该名词。故填central。84．考查介词。句意：武汉由武昌、汉口、汉阳三镇组成，被称为“九省通衢”。此处beknownas...是一个固定搭配，意为“作为……而出名”。故填as。85．考查非谓语动词。句意：它是一个主要的交通枢纽，有几十条铁路、公路和高速公路穿过城市。此处为with