外刊改编语法填空题Day+81-Day+82 高三英语一轮复习

原创外刊改编语法填空题打卡Day81Oldtyrescanbecomeaclimate-friendlyfuelFrom:TheEconomistGettingridofoldtyreshaslongbeenaproblem.Everyyearmorethanabillionreachtheendoftheroad.Untilrecently,mostwerethrownintolandfillsorpiledupinstorageyards,whichoccasionally_____1_____(catch)fire.Tougherenvironmentallawsmeanmanycountriesnowinsisttyresarerecycled.Andtheyare,sortof.Someofthemethodsmightbebetterthandumpingthem,buttheyarenotespeciallygreen.Somefirms,therefore,havebegunexploring_____2_____alternative,pleasinglysymmetricalidea.Sincetyresaremostlymadefromhydrocarbons,itshouldbepossibleinprincipletoturnoldtyresintolow-carbonfuelwhichcanbeusedtorunthevehiclestheycamefrom.Theprocessworksbydeconstructingatyre_____3_____itsthreemaincomponents.Oneissteel,whichisusedtobracethestructureofatyreandwhichcanbereadilyrecycled.Thesecondiscarbonblack,apowdery,soot-likeformofcarbonusedtoimprovethedurabilityofthetyre.Thethirdisrubber.Someofthatwillbenaturalrubber_____4_____(obtain)fromthesapofrubbertrees.Somewillbethesyntheticsort,whichismadeinfactoriesfromcrudeoil.Inordertodothedeconstructing,thetyresarefirstshreddedandthesteelbracingremoved.The_____5_____(remain)materialthengoesthroughaprocesscalledpyrolysis.Thisinvolvesexposingamaterialtohightemperaturesinthe_____6_____(absent)ofair.Thatcausestherubbertodecomposeintoamixofhydrocarbongases,whicharedrawnoff.What_____7_____(leave)behindispurecarbonblack.Whilenotcompletelycarbon-neutral,dieselmadefromTDOdoesproducean80-90%reductioninemissionsofcarbondioxide,themaingreenhousegas,comparedwiththeconventionalfuel.Thefuturemarketforcleanerfuelsislikelytoremainsubstantial,even_____8_____electricvehiclesaresteadilyreplacingthosewithcombustionengines.Fossil-fuelledvehicleswillremainontheroadfordecades_____9_____(come),particularlylargecommercialvehicleslikelorries,whicharehardertoelectrifyandwhicharebigburnersofdiesel.Thefuelwillalsobeneededbytrainsandships.So,anythingthathelpstocleanupoverallemissionsduring_____10_____willbealongtransitiontotheelectrificationoftransportisuseful—especiallyifitalsoshrinksamountainouswasteproblem.Oldtyrescanbecomeaclimate-friendlyfuelFrom:TheEconomistGettingridofoldtyreshaslongbeenaproblem.Everyyearmorethanabillionreachtheendoftheroad.Untilrecently,mostwerethrownintolandfillsorpiledupinstorageyards,whichoccasionallycaught(catch)fire.Tougherenvironmentallawsmeanmanycountriesnowinsisttyresarerecycled.Andtheyare,sortof.Someofthemethodsmightbebetterthandumpingthem,buttheyarenotespeciallygreen.Somefirms,therefore,havebegunexploringanalternative,pleasinglysymmetricalidea.Sincetyresaremostlymadefromhydrocarbons,itshouldbepossibleinprincipletoturnoldtyresintolow-carbonfuelwhichcanbeusedtorunthevehiclestheycamefrom.Theprocessworksbydeconstructingatyreintoitsthreemaincomponents.Oneissteel,whichisusedtobracethestructureofatyreandwhichcanbereadilyrecycled.Thesecondiscarbonblack,apowdery,soot-likeformofcarbonusedtoimprovethedurabilityofthetyre.Thethirdisrubber.Someofthatwillbenaturalrubberobtained(obtain)fromthesapofrubbertrees.Somewillbethesyntheticsort,whichismadeinfactoriesfromcrudeoil.Inordertodothedeconstructing,thetyresarefirstshreddedandthesteelbracingremoved.Theremaining(remain)materialthengoesthroughaprocesscalledpyrolysis.Thisinvolvesexposingamaterialtohightemperaturesintheabsence(absent)ofair.Thatcausestherubbertodecomposeintoamixofhydrocarbongases,whicharedrawnoff.Whatisleft(leave)behindispurecarbonblack.Whilenotcompletelycarbon-neutral,dieselmadefromTDOdoesproducean80-90%reductioninemissionsofcarbondioxide,themaingreenhousegas,comparedwiththeconventionalfuel.Thefuturemarketforcleanerfuelsislikelytoremainsubstantial,evenif/thoughelectricvehiclesaresteadilyreplacingthosewithcombustionengines.Fossil-fuelledvehicleswillremainontheroadfordecadestocome(come),particularlylargecommercialvehicleslikelorries,whicharehardertoelectrifyandwhicharebigburnersofdiesel.Thefuelwillalsobeneededbytrainsandships.So,anythingthathelpstocleanupoverallemissionsduringwhatwillbealongtransitiontotheelectrificationoftransportisuseful—especiallyifitalsoshrinksamountainouswasteproblem.旧轮胎可以变为气候友好型的燃料处理旧轮胎一直都是个难题。每年都有超过10亿条轮胎报废。直到最近，大部分废旧轮胎都被扔进了垃圾填埋场，或是摞在堆场里，时不时会着火。在更严格的环境法规之下，许多国家现在强制要求废旧轮胎回收。某种程度上它们的确是被回收了。所用的方法有些要好过直接丢弃，但也不是很环保。因此，有些公司已经开始探索另一种令人愉悦的逆向闭环理念。既然轮胎主要由碳氢化合物制成，理论上应该可以将旧轮胎转化为低碳燃料，用于驱动产生旧轮胎的车辆。这种工艺将轮胎拆解成三个主要部分。一是用来支撑轮胎结构的钢材，可以直接回收再用。二是炭黑，这是一种粉末状、类似煤烟灰的碳，用来提升轮胎的耐久性。三是橡胶，其中一些是从橡胶树的汁液中提取的天然橡胶，有些则是工厂用原油制成的合成橡胶。拆解时首先要将轮胎切碎，除去支撑钢条。剩下的部分再经过一个叫做热解的过程，即在没有空气的情况下将材料暴露在高温下。这会使橡胶分解成烃类气体的混合物，抽出这些气体之后，剩下的就是纯炭黑。虽然不是完全碳中和，但与传统燃料相比，由TDO制成的柴油确实能把二氧化碳这种主要温室气体的排放量减少80%到90%。尽管电动汽车正在稳步取代内燃机汽车，但未来清洁燃料的市场可能仍然很可观。在未来几十年里，化石燃料汽车仍会在路上行驶，尤其是像卡车这样的大型商用车辆，它们更难电动化，而且要烧大量柴油。火车和轮船也需要柴油。因此，任何能够在实现交通电气化的漫长征途中帮助减少总体碳排放的东西都是有用的，尤其是在当它还能减少堆积成山的废弃物时。生词积累getridof摆脱，除去landfilln.废物填埋，垃圾填埋pileup堆积；成堆dumpv.丢弃，扔掉；乱堆，乱放sortof有点儿，稍微inprinciple原则上，理论上symmetricaladj.对称的，匀称的bracev.（使）作好准备；支撑，加固powderyadj.粉的；粉状的；布满粉状物的sootn.煤烟，烟灰durabilityn.持久性，耐用性shredn.（撕或切的）细条，碎片；极少量drawoff抽离;撤走;取回原创外刊改编语法填空题打卡Day82AspartameIsPossiblyCarcinogenicFrom:TheNewYorkTimesOnThursday,twoWorldHealthOrganizationagencies

releasedtheirfindings

on

aspartame,theartificialsweetenerfoundinthousandsofsugar-freeproductslikedietsodas,chewinggums,yogurtsandenergydrinks.Accordingtothefindings,aspartame_____1_____(classify)aspossibly

carcinogenic

tohumansbytheorganization’sInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer.

Aseparategroup,theJointExpertCommitteeonFoodAdditives,saidthattherewasnot_____2_____(convince)evidenceofalinkbetweenaspartameandcancerinhumans_____3_____thatpeoplecouldstillsafelyconsumethesweetenerinmoderateamounts,_____4_____cantermporarilytakealoadoffourminds.Theannouncementdoesnotmeanthataspartame

definitively

causescancer,W.H.O.expertssaidinanewsconference;instead,itisacallforadditionalresearchintoitshealtheffects.TheW.H.O.isnotadvisingcompaniestowithdrawproductsthatcontainaspartameor____5______(urge)peopletostopconsumingitaltogether,saidDr.FrancescoBranca,directoroftheDepartmentofNutritionandFoodSafetyattheagency.“We’rejustadvisingfor_____6_____bitofmoderation,”hesaid.AccordingtotheW.H.O.,itissafetoconsumeupto40milligramsofaspartameperkilogramofbodyweightperday.Usingdietsodaasameasure,thelimitmeansthat,bysome_____7_____(estimate),a150-poundpersonwouldneedtodrinkmorethanadozencanseachday_____8_____(surpass)it.TheFoodandDrugAdministrationisslightlymore

permissive

withitsdailysafetylimit.Itstatesthatpeoplecanhaveupto50milligramsofaspartameperkilogramofbodyweighteachday._____9_____(give)thevast

quantities

ofsweetener_____10_____discussion,severalexpertssaidthatconsumersshouldnotnecessarilyworryaboutthecancerriskoftheiraspartameconsumption.Reachingthatupperdailylevelofaspartameintake“isn’tcasualconsumption,”saidDr.DaleShepard,amedical

oncologist

attheClevelandClinic.“Thisismakingaprojectoutoftryingtogetaspartame.”AspartameIsPossiblyCarcinogenicFrom:TheNewYorkTimesOnThursday,twoWorldHealthOrganizationagencies

releasedtheirfindings

on

aspartame,theartificialsweetenerfoundinthousandsofsugar-freeproductslikedietsodas,chewinggums,yogurtsandenergydrinks.Inthefindings,aspartamewasclassified(classify)aspossibly

carcinogenic

tohumansbytheorganization’sInternationalAgencyforResearchonCancer.

Aseparategroup,theJointExpertCommitteeonFoodAdditives,saidthattherewasnotconvincing(convince)evidenceofalinkbetweenaspartameandcancerinhumansandthatpeoplecouldstillsafelyconsumethesweetenerinmoderateamounts,whichcantermporarilytakealoadoffourminds.Theannouncementdoesnotmeanthataspartame

definitively

causescancer,W.H.O.expertssaidinanewsconference;instead,itisacallforadditionalresearchintoitshealtheffects.TheW.H.O.isnotadvisingcompaniestowithdrawproductsthatcontainaspartameorurging(urge)peopletostopconsumingitaltogether,saidDr.FrancescoBranca,directoroftheDepartmentofNutritionandFoodSafetyattheagency.“We’rejustadvisingforabitofmoderation,”hesaid.AccordingtotheW.H.O.,itissafetoconsumeupto40milligramsofaspartameperkilogramofbodyweightperday.Usingdietsodaasameasure,thelimitmeansthat,bysomeestimates(estimate),a150-poundpersonwouldneedtodrinkmorethanadozencanseachdaytosurpass(surpass)it.TheFoodandDrugAdministrationisslightlymore

permissive

withitsdailysafetylimit.Itstatesthatpeoplecanhaveupto50milligramsofaspartameperkilogramofbodyweighteachday.Given(give)thevast

quantiti