2022高考英语一轮复习必修Unit4单元主题语篇训练含解析新人教版

必修①Unit4单元主题语篇训练Ⅰ.阅读理解AAtinyAlaskavillagehasexperiencedaboomintourisminrecentyearsaspolarbearsspendmoretimeonlandthanonArcticseaice.Morethan2,000peoplevisitedthenorthernAlaskavillagePolarbearshavealwaysbeenacommonsightonseaicenearKaktovik,butvillagersstartednoticingachangeinthemid­1990s.Morebearsseemedtostayonland,andresearchersbegantakingnoteofmorefemalebearsmakinghomesinthesnowonlandinsteadofontheicetoraisetheirbabies.U．S.FishandWildlifeServicebiologistsbeganhearingreportsoftheincreasingnumberofpolarbearsintheareaintheearly2000s.Asmoreattentionwasgiventotheplight(困境)ofpolarbearsaboutadecadeago,moretouristsstartedheadingtoKaktovik.Thevillagehadfewerthan50visitorsannuallybefore2021,saidJenniferReed,oftheArcticNationalWildlifeRefuge.“Todaywe'retalkingabouthundredsandhundredsofvisitors,manyfromaroundtheworldeachyear，〞Reedsaid.Mosttouristsvisitinthefall,whenbearsareforcedtowardlandbecauseseaiceisfarthestawayfromtheshore.BruceInglangasak,alocalhunterwhosometimesofferswildlife­viewingtours,saidhe'sbeenofferingpolarbeartourssince2004.Mostofhisclients(客户)arefromChinaandEurope,aswellasfromthelower48U．S.states.Manytouristsstayseveraldaysinthevillage,whichhastwosmallhotels.Thevillagershavebenefitedalotfromthat.Inturn,theyprovidemoreeffectiveprotectionforpolarbearswithfinancialsupportfromtourismdevelopment.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。气候变暖导致海冰融化，北极熊登陆，为阿拉斯加的一个小村庄带来了巨大的人气，促进了当地旅游业的开展，当地人又用旅游业的收入为北极熊提供积极的保护。1．WhatcausesmorepolarbearstostayonlandinKaktovik?A．Foodshortage.B．Climatechange.C．Habitats'movementtoshore.D．Theirpreferenceforland.解析：选B细节理解题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，全球变暖加速了海冰融化，破坏了北极熊原本的栖息地，故越来越多的北极熊待在陆地上以寻找食物，应选B。2．Howdidcommonpeoplefeelaboutmoresightofbearsonland?A．Excited.B．Puzzled.C．Concerned.D．Shocked.解析：选C推理判断题。根据第三段的内容可知，随着越来越多的北极熊出现在陆地上，研究人员、生物学家等也越来越多地关注北极熊所存在的困境，随后，更多游客前往Kaktovik。由此可推知，之前人们普遍对北极熊登陆比拟关注。应选C项。3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．HotelsinKaktovikareindemandinautumn.B．Kaktovikhasabout50visitorsannually.C．Inglangasakmakesalivingasatourguide.D．Tourismaffectsthebalanceofnature.解析：选A推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Mosttouristsvisitinthefall〞“Manytouristsstayseveraldaysinthevillage,whichhastwosmallhotels.〞可知，大多数游客会选择在秋季去Kaktovik游览，而且很多游客会在这个小村庄待上几天，而这个小村庄只有两个小旅馆，故可推知在秋季，Kaktovik的旅馆很抢手。4．Whichsayingcandescribethetext?A．Thefittestcansurvive.B．Afterastormcomesacalm.C．Thereisalwaysopportunityincrisis.D．Everycoinhastwosides.解析：选D推理判断题。通读文章可知，因为全球气候变暖，北极熊被迫登陆来寻找食物以生存下去，这本来是北极熊的困境，然而北极熊登陆却为一个小村庄带来了旅游业的开展，这对小村庄来说是一个机遇，同时，村民又利用旅游业带来的收入为北极熊提供更多保护。因此D项“事物都有两面性〞符合语境。B(2021·福州模拟)Five­year­oldPrisillaPerez,astudentatMeadorElementarySchoolinWillis,wasunhappywithherrecenthaircut,whichresultedfromaseveredisease.WhenstudentsinherclassstartedcallingPrisillaaboy,shefeltashamed,oftencryingandlosingfocusinschool.Herteacher,ShannonGrimm,sympathizedwithherunhappiness.GrimmandPrisilla'smomwereconcerned,buttheirideasdidn'twork.“Wehadclassroomdiscussionsabouthowgirlshaveshorthairandboyshavelonghair,andIshowedthemphotosofmoviestarswithdifferentlooks，〞Grimmsaid.“However,itwasn'tsinkingin.〞GrimmthoughtaboutPrisillathroughoutthewinterbreak,andonemorning,shehadanidea:Cutoffherhair—ascarythoughtforGrimm,whoworeherhairlongandtookprideinit.“I'veneverhadshorthair,andIstressedaboutitfortwoweeksbeforemakingadecision，〞shesaid.OnJan.4,Grimminvitedahairstylistfriendtoherhome.“Itoldhimtokeepgoing,evenifIcried，〞shesaid.Theclasslovedtheirteacher'snewdo,especiallyPrisilla,whoexcitedlyranofftheschoolbusthatafternoonyelling,“Mom,MsGrimmcutherhair！〞Theteacheralsoboughtmatchingbowsforherselfandthegirl,sotheycouldstyletheirhairtogether.InFebruary,theteacherrecommendedPrisillafortheschooldistrict'sStudentoftheMonthAward,butduringtheMondayceremony,shereceivedasurprise“heromedal〞fromthegirl.“Nowwehavematchingawards，〞saysGrimm.Prisilla'smother,Maria,saidthatGrimm'sthoughtfulnessbroughthertotears.“Iwasshocked.Iwascrying.Icouldn'tbelieveit—shedidsomethingIwouldn'thavethebraverytodo.Iwillneverforgetthat.〞语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，Grimm老师为了抚慰她也剪短了自己的头发，这让Prisilla和她的母亲很感动。5．WhywasPrisillaunhappyatschool?A．Shewasn'tsatisfiedwithherteacher.B．Shecouldn'tconcentrateinclass.C．Shewaslaughedatbyherclassmates.D．Shecouldn'tgetonwellwithothers.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“WhenstudentsinherclassstartedcallingPrisillaaboy,shefeltashamed,oftencryingandlosingfocusinschool.〞可知，Prisilla在学校不开心是因为她被同学嘲笑。6．WhatmadeGrimmhaveherownhaircut?A．Praisefromherstudents.B．Devotiontoherstudents.C．RequestofPrisilla'smother.D．Suggestionfromthehairstylist.解析：选B推理判断题。根据第三段的内容，尤其是“GrimmthoughtaboutPrisilla...shehadanidea:Cutoffherhair〞可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，为了抚慰Prisilla,Grimm老师决定把自己的头发剪短。由此可推知，Grimm老师出于对学生的关爱剪短了头发。7．WhatcanweknowaboutGrimm?A．ShehadherhaircuttogetherwithPrisilla.B．Sheexpressedhersincerethankstoherpupils.C．Shehesitatedalotbeforehavingherhaircut.D．Shewonagoldmedalforfacingdifficultiesbravely.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第三段第二句中的“I'veneverhadshorthair,andIstressedaboutitfortwoweeksbeforemakingadecision〞可知，Grimm老师剪短头发之前很犹豫。8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．HowGrimmhelpedherstudentout.B．WhatproblemPrisillahadatschool.C．WhyPrisillawontheMonthAward.D．WhenGrimmgothernewhairstyle.解析：选A主旨大意题。阅读全文可知，Prisilla因为是短头发而被同学嘲笑，她在学校很不开心，Grimm老师为了帮助、抚慰她剪短了自己的头发，故A项正确。tips“两关注〞“一防范〞破解间接信息题间接细节理解题相对于直接细节理解题要难些，因为此类题目的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换，两者存在表达上的差异。间接细节理解题解题时要仔细阅读题干，通过题干和选项中的关键词及其所提供的信息从原文中找到相应的信息(即定位)，然后把选项中的信息与原文中的信息进行比拟和分析，准确理解，作出选择。在做间接细节理解题时，要做到“两关注〞“一防范〞。“两关注〞是指关注正确选项的两个特征：一是同义词替换或释义，即把文中语言(词汇和句型结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的归纳和概括。“一防范〞是指防范干扰选项的迷惑性，错误选项常使用诸如张冠李戴、无中生有、曲解文意、断章取义、颠倒是非、正误参半等方式来造成句意的改变。例如上文第5题中选项C中的waslaughedat，是对文章信息WhenstudentsinherclassstartedcallingPrisillaaboy的同义替换，同时要防范错选曲解文意的D项。Ⅱ.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。ItwasawarmandsunnymorningattheCentralParkZoo.Maryandherclassmateswerechattingnoisilywithexcitementastheirschoolbusenteredthezooparkinglot.Today,Mary'sclasswasgoingonafieldtriptothezootolearnmoreabouttheanimalsandtheirnaturalhabitats.“Beforeyouleavethebus,pleasemakesureyouhaveyourpartner！〞MrsBrownannounced.Tomakesurenoonegotlostinthezoo,eachstudenthadacompanion.Mary'scompanionwasnamedJohn.Johnlovesanimalsandwasalsoexcitedtogotothezoo.Butsometimes,Johndoesnotfollowtherulesandgetsintrouble.Maryhopedthattoday,Johnwouldfollowtherulessotheywouldnotgetintrouble.Whiletherestofthestudentsgotoffthebus,MaryandJohnquicklyranofftoexplore.Theyfoundtheexhibitsformanydifferentkindsofanimalsandlearnedalotabouttheirnaturalhabitats.Theysawtheelephantsplayingandtheysawgiraffeseating.Theysawthepolarbearssleepingandthemonkeysleaping.MaryaskedJohn：“John,whatisyourfavoriteanimal？〞“IthinkIlikechimpanzeesbest.Theyhavealotofenergy,justlikeme!Whatanimaldoyoulike,Mary？〞“Ilovepolarbears!IthinktheirlifestyleintheArcticisveryinteresting.〞Afewhourslater,MaryandJohnstartedtofeelhungry.TheymadetheirwaybacktothezooentrancetoeatlunchattheRainforestCafé.TheRainforestCaféisbothMaryandJohn'sfavoriterestaurantbecausethereisanaquariuminside.Therestaurantisalsofamousforitschocolatecake,whichMaryorderedfordessertaftertheyhadfinishedtheirlunch.AsMarywasfinishinghercake,Johnexcusedhimselftogototherestroom.Abouttenminuteslater,ansuddenlyalarmbegantogooffandavoicecameovertheloudspeaker，“Attention!Someonehasopenedthechimpanzeeexhibit!Somechimpanzeeshaveescaped！〞Peoplewerescreamingandstartingtorun.MarylookedforJohn,buthewasnowheretobefound.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。Paragraph1：Asmoreandmorepeopleranoutofthezoo,MarybegantothinkParagraph2：AsMaryracedupthepathtotheanimalexhibits,shestopped参考范文：Paragraph1：Asmoreandmorepeopleranoutofthezoo,