2024-2025学年新教材高中英语Unit4AdversityandCouragePeriod2素养检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第三册

PAGEUnit4AdversityandCourage课时素养检测十四Unit4Period2Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2024·福建高二检测)Deardaughters,Mostparentstelltheirchildren,“Youcanbeanythingyouwantwhenyougrowup.”IfeelthesameandIsaythisoften.ButIalsowantyoutounderstandthatrealizingyourdreamscomesfromhardwork,somegoodluckandgoodtiming.Girls,herearesomewordsofwisdomasyoumakeyourwayintheworld,fromanentrepreneur(企业家)andfromyourmama.1.Beopen-mindedtochangingyourpath(evenseveraltimes)alongtheway.Inhighschool,Iwantedtobeapolitician.IleftmyhometownandwentofftocollegeinWashington,Figureoutwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyouarepassionateabout.Keepanopenmind;theinitial(最初的)pathyouchoosemayleadyouintootherareas.Don’twasteyourmoneyortime,butconstantlychangewhatyouaredoingprofessionallybasedonwhatyouarelearningaboutyourself.2.FailureiscriticaltoyoursuccessIwon’ttellyoutofeelgoodaboutfailure.Failurecanbeheartbreaking.ButIwilltellyouthateveryfailureI’vehadalongthewayhasabsolutelymademebetter.Failingthebigmathexaminhighschoolandgoingtosummerschoolwasembarrassing.Ieventuallypassed,andI’veneverfailedanexamagain.Ilearnedfromthatexperiencetoaskforhelp.Now,Iaskforhelpinbusinessallthetime.BeingpassedoverforasignificantjobopportunitythatIwasmorethanqualifiedforbecauseofunfairassumptions(beingtooyoungfortherole)hurtme.Ihadathree-monthpityparty.AndthenIwentoutandgotabigjobatanationalorganizationatage27.It’sokaytogetangry!Takethatandturnitintopositiveaction.I’mproudtobearolemodeltoyouasamomandanentrepreneur.IhopeIinspireyoutobelievethatyoucanbeanythingyouwantandyoucanhaveeverythingonyourlist.Itwillbemypleasuretowatchyourlivesunfoldbeforemyeyes.Love,Yourmom【语篇概述】本文主要叙述了作者作为一位母亲,她用自己的经验对女儿们的将来提出了一些珍贵的建议。比如要努力,思维要开放,依据自己的特长不断调整自己,找到适合自己的职业。不要胆怯 困难,遇到困难要敢于向他人求助。1.Theauthorwrotethislettertoherdaughtersmainlyto______.

A.shareherownpastregretswiththemB.tellthemhowshehassucceededinbusinessC.makesomesuggestionsfortheirfuturelivesD.encouragethemtobewhotheywanttobe【解析】选C。推理推断题。依据第一段“ButIalsowantyoutounderstandthatrealizingyourdreamscomesfromhardwork,somegoodluckandgoodtiming.”以及其次段“Girls,herearesomewordsofwisdomasyoumakeyourwayintheworld,fromanentrepreneurandfromyourmama.”可知,作者想让她的女儿们明白实现幻想不仅要有好运气、好时机,更要努力。因此作为一个企业家的妈妈想给她们一些建议。也就是对孩子们的将来提出一些建议。分析选项可知C项(对她们将来的生活提出一些建议)符合题意,故选C。2.Accordingtothearticle,theauthor______.

A.isasuccessfulpoliticianandentrepreneurB.isworriedaboutherdaughters’careerchoicesC.isagainstfrequentlychangingone’sprofessionD.thinksoneshouldbewillingtochangehisorhercareerpath【解析】选D。细微环节理解题。依据第一个建议“Beopen-mindedtochangingyourpath(evenseveraltimes)alongtheway.”以及“Keepanopenmind;theinitialpathyouchoosemayleadyouintootherareas.”可知,作者认为一个人应当情愿变更自己的职业道路。分析选项可知,故选D。3.Whatdidtheauthorlearnfromherfailure?A.Weshouldn’tgetangrywhenwefail.B.It’simportanttoturntoothersforhelp.C.Workhardtomakesureyouarequalified.D.Don’tcaretoomuchabouttheinjusticesyouface.【解析】选B。推理推断题。依据其次条建议中“Failingthebigmathexaminhighschoolandgoingtosummerschoolwasembarrassing.Ieventuallypassed,andI’veneverfailedanexamagain.Ilearnedfromthatexperiencetoaskforhelp.Now,Iaskforhelpinbusinessallthetime.”可知,作者在中学数学大考不及格,只好上暑期班(寻求帮助),才通过考试。从那次经验中懂得要寻求帮助。现在,我始终在商业上寻求帮助。由此可知,失败时要学会(向他人)寻求帮助,才能胜利,从而得出寻求帮助很重要。故选B。4.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestdescribetheauthor?A.Passionateandflexible(敏捷的).B.Modestandcautious.C.Caringandgenerous.D.Proudandhumorous.【解析】选A。推理推断题。本文主要叙述了作为母亲的作者对女儿们的将来提出了一些建议,比如要努力,思维要开放,依据自己的特长不断调整自己,找到适合自己的职业。不要胆怯 困难,遇到困难要敢于向他人求助。可以看出作者做事敏捷(flexible)。由文章中“Figureoutwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyouarepassionateabout.(弄清晰你擅长什么,对什么充溢激情。)”可知作者是一个有激情的(passionate)人,故选A。B(2024·中山高二检测)UniversityofThestudywasconductedwith143participants,whobeforetheybegan,completedamoodsurveyandsentalongphotosoftheirbatteryscreens,showinghowoftentheywereusingtheirphonestoaccesssocialmedia.“Wesetouttodoamuchmorecompletestudywhichattemptstoimitatereallife.”Huntsaid.Thestudydividedtheparticipantsintotwogroups:Thefirstgroupwasallowedtomaintaintheirnormalsocialmediahabits.Theother,thecontrolgroup,wasrestrictedto10minutesperdayonsocialmedia.Therestrictionswereputinplaceforthreeweeksandthentheparticipantsreturnedandweretestedforoutcomessuchasfearofmissingout,anxiety,depressionandloneliness.Theresultsshowedaveryclearlinkbetweensocialmediauseandincreasedlevelsofdepressionandloneliness.“Usinglesssocialmediathanyounormallydowouldleadtosignificantdecreasesinbothdepressionandloneliness,”Huntsaid.SocialmediainviteswhatHuntcalls“downwardsocialcomparison”.“Whenyou’reonline,itcansometimesseemthateveryoneelseiscoolerandhavingmorefunandincludedinmorethingsandyou’releftout,”Huntsaid.Andthat’sjustgenerallydiscouraging.“Everyminuteyouspendonlineisaminuteyouarenotdoingyourworkornotmeetingafriendfordinnerorhavingadeepconversationwithyourroommate.”Andthesereallifeactivitiesaretheonesthatcanencourageself-esteemandself-worth,Huntadded.“Peopleareontheirdevices,andthat’snotgoingtochange,”shesaid.Butasinlife,abitofcontrolgoesalongway.【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了社交媒体的运用与抑郁症的不断增加是有紧密联系的,由此可以看出:社交媒体影响心理健康。5.Beforethestudywasconducted,theparticipantscompletedasurveyto______.

A.imitatepeople’sreallifeB.linklonelinesstodepressionC.showtheiruseofsocialmediaD.provesocialmediaisimportant【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据其次段Thestudywasconductedwith143participants,whobeforetheybegan,completedamoodsurveyandsentalongphotosoftheirbatteryscreens,showinghowoftentheywereusingtheirphonestoaccesssocialmedia.可知这项探讨有143名参加者,在起先之前,他们完成了一个心情调查,并发送了照片,显示他们运用手机访问社交媒体的频率。所以在这项探讨前,调查了参加者对社交媒体的运用,故选C。6.Theresultsofthestudyshowedusinglesssocialmediawouldresultin______.

A.people’sfearofmissingoutB.higherlevelsofdepressionC.obviousreliefinlonelinessD.lowerlevelsofhappiness【解析】选C。细微环节理解题。依据第四段“Usinglesssocialmediathanyounormallydowouldleadtosignificantdecreasesinbothdepressionandloneliness”,可知运用比平常少的社交媒体会使抑郁和孤独感显著降低。故选C。7.InHunt’sopinion,whichactivitybenefitsmoretomentalhealth?A.Hikingoutwithfriends.B.Makingcomparisonwithothers.C.Playingcomputergamesinsparetime.D.Loggingontosocialmediaandhavingfun.【解析】选A。推理推断题。依据倒数其次段Hunt说的话“Everyminuteyouspendonlineisaminuteyouarenotdoingyourworkornotmeetingafriendfordinnerorhavingadeepconversationwithyourroommate.Andthesereallifeactivitiesaretheonesthatcanencourageself-esteemandself-worth,Huntadded.”可知现实生活中的活动可以激励自尊和自我价值。可见和挚友一起远足对精神健康有好处,故选A。8.Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AStudyonSocialMediaB.HowtoImproveMentalHealthC.PeopleAddictedtoSocialMediaD.SocialMediaInfluencesMentalHealth【解析】选D。标题归纳题。依据文章第一句“UniversityofPennsylvaniaresearcherssaythatforthefirsttimetheyhavelinkedsocialmediausetoincreasesindepressionandloneliness.”可知本文通过把社交媒体的运用与抑郁症和孤独感的增加联系起来进行探讨,得出最终的结论:社交媒体影响心理健康。故选D。Ⅱ.完形填空“DailyStar,sir,”calledJason,carryingsomenewspapersunderhisarm.Thelittleboyhadbeenrunningupanddownthestreet,buttherewerestilltwentypapersleft.Hisvoicewasalmostgoneandhisheartwasheavy.Theshopswouldsoonclose,andallthepeoplewouldgohome.Hewouldhavetogohometoo,carryingthepapers1money.Hehadhopedtosellmorepaperstonighttomakemoremoneytobuya2forhismotherandsomeseedsforhisbird.Thatwaswhyhehadboughtthepaperswithallhismoney.He3ashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers.

“Youdon’tknowthe4ofsellingpapers.Youmustshout,’Hotnews!Bombbursting!’”anothernewsboyChadtoldJason.“Butit’snotinthepaperatall,”repliedJason.“Justrunawayquickly5theyhavetimetosee,andyou’ll6outandgetyourmoney,”Chadsaid.

Itwasanew7toJason.Hethoughtofhisbirdwithnoseedsandthecakehewantedtobuyforhismother,butwas8thathewouldnottellalie.Thoughhewasjustapoornewsboy,hehadbeen9somegoodthings.

ThenextafternoonJasonwenttotheofficeforhispapers10.SeveralboyswerecrowdingaroundChad,whodeclaredwitha11smilethathesoldsixdozenthedaybefore.HeaddedthatJason12moneybecausehewouldnottellalie.Theboys13atJason.“Youwouldn’ttellalieyesterday,myboy?”AgentlemanattheofficecameupandpattedJason’sshoulder14,“You’rejusttheboyIamlookingfor.“AweeklaterJasonstartedhisnew15.Helostthesaleoftwentypapersbecausehewouldnottellalie,butgotawell-paidjobbecausehetoldthetruth.

【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。报童Jason不想撒谎,没有卖掉全部的报纸,无法给妈妈买蛋糕,给鸟儿买鸟食,还被别的报童讪笑,但最终因为诚恳,他得到了一份高薪的工作。1.A.insteadofB.inreturnforC.inspiteof D.inexchangefor【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:他也得回家,带着报纸,而不是钱。insteadof代替,而不是;inreturnfor作为……回报;inspiteof即使;inexchangefor交换。依据上文buttherewerestilltwentypapersleft可知,报纸没卖出去,因而拿回家的只能是剩下的报纸,而不是挣的钱。故选A。2.A.banjoB.cardC.combD.cake【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:他原来希望今晚能多卖些报纸,多赚点钱给他妈妈买个蛋糕,给他的鸟买点鸟食。banjo班卓琴;card卡片;.comb梳子;cake蛋糕。依据下文thecakehewantedtobuyforhismother可知,他想给母亲买的是蛋糕(cake)。故选D。3.A.gavein B.brokedownC.gotaway D.turneddown【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:他一想到没有卖掉全部的报纸就不由自主地哭了起来。gavein屈服,让步;brokedown不由自主地哭起来;gotaway逃离;turneddown拒绝。依据ashethoughtofhisfailuretosellallhispapers可知,他一想到没有卖掉全部的报纸就不由自主地哭了起来。故选B。4.A.difficulty B.process C.enthusiam D.secret【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意:你不知道卖报纸的诀窍。你必需大喊:’最新消息!爆炸性消息!’另一个报童Chad告知Jason。difficulty困难;process过程;enthusiam热忱;secret隐私,诀窍。依据Youmustshout,’Hotnews!Bombbursting!’可知这里表示不知道卖报纸的诀窍。故选D。5.A.before B.since C.though D.unless【解析】选A。考查连词词义辨析。句意:Chad说:“趁他们还没来得及看,赶快跑掉,你就会把报纸全部卖掉,赚到钱。”before在……之前;since自从;though尽管;unless假如……不。依据theyhavetimetosee可知,这里表示在人们看报纸之前就跑掉,应用连词before。故选A。6.A.call B.drop C.sell D.reach【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Chad说:“趁他们还没来得及看,赶快跑掉,你就会把报纸全部卖掉,赚到钱。”call呼叫,召集;drop下降,终止;sell出卖,推销;reach伸出。依据andgetyourmoney可知,把报纸全部卖掉才能赚到钱,sellout卖出,卖光。故选C。7.A.idea B.task C.policy D.edition【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:对Jason来说这是个新办法。idea办法,想法;task任务;policy政策;edition版本,故选A。8.A.concerned B.amazedC.excited D.resolved【解析】选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他想起了那只没有鸟食吃的鸟和那块他想给妈妈买的蛋糕,但他下定决心不说谎。concerned担忧的,关切的;amazed惊讶的;excited兴奋的;resolved下定决心的。依据转折词but和hewouldnottellalie可知,此处表示他决心不说谎话。故选D。9.A.taught B.handedC.awarded D.motivated【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:尽管他只是一个可怜的小报童,但他被教化要有优良的品质。taught教;handed交;awarded授予;motivated激励。依据somegoodthings可知他被教化要有优良的品质。故选A。10.A.atonce B.bychanceC.asusual D.onpurpose【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意:其次天下午,Jason像平常一样去邮局取报纸。atonce立即;bychance偶然;asusual像平常一样;onpurpose有意地。依据Thenextafternoon及上文内容可知,这里表示其次天下午,Jason像平常一样去邮局取报纸。故选C。11.A.proud B.gentle C.warm D.polite【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:几个男孩围在Chad身边,Chad面带微笑,骄傲地宣称前一天他卖了6打报纸。proud骄傲的;gentle温顺的;warm暖和的;polite礼貌的。依据thathesoldsixdozenthedaybefore可知,这里表示Chad是很骄傲自己卖了那么多的报纸。故选A。12.A.borrowed B.lost C.made D.saved【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意:Chad补充说,Jason因不愿撒谎而没挣到钱。borrowed借;lost失去;made制造,使;saved挽救,节约。依据becausehewouldnottellalie可知,Jason因为不愿撒谎而没挣到钱。故选B。13.A.laughed B.shouted C.nodded D.stared【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。句意:男孩们讪笑Jason。laughed讪笑;shouted大叫;nodded点头;stared盯着看。依据语境可知,那些男孩在讪笑Jason,故选A。14.A.bravely B.gratefullyC.fondly D.modestly【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意:办公室里的一位先生走过来,温顺地拍了拍Jason的肩膀,“你正是我要找的男孩。”bravely英勇地;gratefully感谢地;fondly温顺地;modestly虚心地。依据下文You’rejusttheboyIamlookingfor可知,那位先生对他是喜爱的,因而他温顺地拍了拍Jason的肩膀。故选C。15.A.duty B.businessC.job D.corporation【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。句意:一周后,Jason起先了他的新工作。duty责任;business生意;job工作;corporation公司。依据下文butgotawell-paidjobbecausehetoldthetruth可知,Jason得到了一份酬劳很好的新工作。故选C。【技法导练】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要依据上下文来“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如,第2小题,依据下文thecakehewantedtobuyforhismother可知,他想给母亲买的是蛋糕,故选D项;第15小题,依据下文butgotawell-paidjobbecausehetoldthetruth可知,Jason得到了一份酬劳很好的新工作,故选C项。语法填空Chinaisdeveloping5Gtechnology1.__________(promote)thedevelopmentofintelligentportconstructionasitaimstobecomean2.__________(advance)countryinintelligentshipping,accordingtoareport3.__________(release)onFridayat4.__________internationalconferenceinShanghai.

Thereportsaysmore5.__________(port)inthe