备战2025年高考英语易错题（新高考专用）易错点纠错练01 冠词与代词-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题含答案

备战2025年高考英语易错题（新高考专用）易错点纠错练01冠词与代词-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题含答案易错点纠错练01冠词与代词目录01单句语法填空易错题通关练02升级强化练一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．MaryisstudyingfoodscienceatcollegeandhopestoopenupEuropeanmeatprocessingfactoryofherownoneday.2．Wemadesuretofeedherextrabowlbeforeleavingfortheairport,andtooursurprise,sheproposedthatwewouldmeetintheLanzhouBeefNoodlesrestaurantnextsummerholiday.3．Notthepandas,eventhoughlanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.4．Iamreallyattractedtothisscenicspotwhichhasuniquestyle.5．DGFLSisoneofthemostfascinatingschoolsinGuangdong,coveringareaofabout89,000squaremeters.6．Itiswrongforthefactorytoaimatsheerquantityatexpenseofquality.7．numberofgraduatesthisyearismuchmorethanthatoflastyear.8．ShewenttoaEuropeanuniversitytostudyart.universityisreallyamazing.9．Tolivelifetofullinvolvesawarenessofthephysical,emotional,mentalandspiritualself.10．Thismagicalproductwascreatedbyuniquecombinationoftraditionalmethodsandartificialintelligence.11．Youcanalsogetupandread,butbesuretochoosebookthatisnottoodifficult.12．Thegoodnewswasthatthethree-hourmeetingfinallycametoend.13．TheAmphicarisuniquemeansoftransportthatcansmoothlytravelbetweenwaterwaysandland.14．It’ssowonderfulthatIwanttowatchitsecondtime.15．Followingthevaccinationcampaign,therewassubstantialdecreaseinthenumberofCOVID-19casesinthecommunity.16．Whenyoucanseeitinyourmind,it’sonlymatteroftimebeforeitshowsupinreality.17．Wefoundaverageof1,000dollarsspentbuyingyearlyclothesforpeopleinthecountry.18．Forthestudy,191womenwithaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheyweretiredouttomeasuretheirpeakcardiovascularcapacity.19．Youdidn’tbotherme.Quitecontrary,Ilikeyourcompany.20．Hewatchedthetrainawayuntilitwasonlyadotindistance.21．audienceapplaudedloudlyattheendoftheconcert.22．Thegameshowattractsaudienceof12million.23．Thischaracterwassocialfailureinthemovie,buthewaslovedbyallthepeople.24．MarieCurie,Polish­Frenchphysicistandchemist,wonthe1903NobelPrizeforphysicsandthe1911NobelPrizeforChemistry.25．ThisisthethirdtimeIamcallingaboutsamething,andit’sjustwasteofmytime.26．In1950s,heartattackswereanepidemicintheUSA,butdoctorsfoundtherewashardlyaRosetanbelow65who’sexperiencedone.27．Standonthetopofthebuilding,andyouwillgetgoodviewofthewholecity.28．Theadultanimalscanreachmaximum(最大值的)lengthoftwometers.29．Ourcountryisatraditionalagriculturalsociety,withmajorityoffarmingpopulation.30．onlineplatform,whichhostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes,openstothepublic.31．Johnhasuniquewaytogetacrosshisopinionbyusingasfewwordsaspossible.32．Therearetwobooksonthedesk.Youcantakeofthem.33．Youcancountonitthesunwillriseintheeasteverymorning.34．Thedamagedroadsmadedifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliestothoseinneed.35．Asaretiredprofessor,Tomstillcommits(he)toclimatechangesolutionsandcaresabouttheimpactofglobalwarmingonhumanbeings.36．Nowadays,havingalreadybeenlistedasProvincialIntangibleCultureHeritagebytheSichuanProvincialGovernment,thisartisengaging(it)inthegeneralpublicentertainment.37．shockedusthatasmanyas100speciesoffish,someuniquetothesewaters,mayhavebeenaffectedbythepollution.38．Iturnedaroundandwassurprisedtofindafamiliar-lookingmaninthirties.39．AsanativeofHangzhou,sheconsidersherdutytodisplaythebestaspectofthecitytotheguestsfromallovertheworld.40．Theotherday,occurredtoJohnsonthatheshouldmakearoadtriptohelptheneedy.41．Asisknowntoall,takesmorethangoodlookstosucceedasanactor.42．TheweatherinGuangzhouiswinterismuchmorecomfortablethaninBeijing.43．Thepoliticianscommitted(they)tothedevelopmentofresearchinstitutes.44．Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituationfrom(they)pointofview.45．WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind(they)alive.46．Inmyfirstclass,outEnglishteacheraskedustointroduce(we)onebyone.47．Thatbagisverysmall,but(I)isverybig.48．Themaindifferencebetweenourbrainsandthoseofmonkeysisthat(we)arebigger.49．Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansmake(they)dreamtoexplorespacecometrue.50．（2022年全国乙卷）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.二、语法填空阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。1.（2023·全国高三专项练习）Whoissmarter？Ahumanbeingorartificialintelligence？Thequestion51（sweep）acrosstheworldwhenaGoogle-developedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayer.So，whatcomesnext？Somepeoplearepessimistic，sayingthatthefulldevelopmentofartificialintelligence，52AIinshort，couldmeantheendofthehumanrace.Soarewereallyabouttoliveintheworld53（show）intheTerminator（终结者）movies？“Notquite，”answeredJohnMarkoffofTheNewYorkTimes，54isoptimisticaboutthefuture.“Wethinkthat，forthehumanbeings，thingslikesightandbalance，55（be）naturalandordinaryinourlife.Also，wehumansarebetteratmaking56（adjust）tothesurroundings.WehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcan57（true）begintobesimilartothehumanbrain，eventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.”Meanwhile，JohnMarkoffsaidthatresearchersshouldbuildartificialintelligencetomakepeoplemore58（effect）.“Ourfate（命运）is59ourownhands，”headded.“Sincetechnologydependsonthevaluesof60(it)creators,wecanchoosetousetechnologytoimprovetheworld.”2.（2023·江苏南通·高三海安高级中学校考期中）AsoneoftheeightgreatcuisinesofChina,Hangzhoudishesarenotedfortheiruniquecharacteristics.AtriptoHangzhouisn'tcomplete61tryingsomeofitsspecialtydishes.Hereareafewmust-trymeals,eachofwhichhasanage-oldstory.DongpoPork(东坡肉)DongpoPorkwasnamedafterSongDynasty(960-1279)poetandofficial,SuDongpo.WhenSuwasexiled(流放)toHangzhou,heinitiatedathoroughdredging(清淤)ofWestLake,62benefitswereimmediateandclearforthelocals.Toexpresstheir63(grateful),theygiftedSualotofpork.Suaddedhisowntwisttothetraditionalprocessofcookingporkbelly.Hedistributedthedishtothosewhoworkedontheprojectanditbecamewidely64(favor).WestLakeCarpinVinegarGravy(西湖醋鱼)Legendhas65thattwobrotherslivedinHangzhou.Theelderbrotherwasmurdered.Andtheyoungerbrotherwasforcedintoexile66(tragic).Duringhisfarewelldinner,hisrecentlywidowedsister-in-lawcookedadishthatwasbothsweetandsour,implyingtheyoungerbrothershould“notforgetthesouramidthesweet”.TheyoungmanlaterreturnedtoHangzhouasahigh-rankingofficial,avenged(报仇)hisbrother'smurderand67(seek)outhissister-in-law.Sincethen,thedish68(hand)downfromgenerationtogeneration.SisterSong'sFishSoup(宋嫂鱼羹)DuringtheSongDynasty,awomannicknamedSisterSong69(settle)downalongsideWestLakeandmadealivingsellingfishsoup.DuringatriptoWestLake,EmperorGaozongtastedherfishsoupandspokehighlyofit.Thesoup'sreputationspreadfarandwide,anditbecamea70(call)cardforthecity.3.（2023·江苏南通·高三如皋市搬经中学校联考期中）Inthecomingeraofbudgetcutstoeducation,distancelearningcouldbecomethenorm.Thetemptationforthoseinchargeofeducationbudgetstotradeteachersfortechnologycouldbesostrongthattheyignore71disadvantagesofdistancelearning.Schoolfacilitiesareexpensive72(build).Onlineclassesdonotrequirebuildingsandeachclasscanhosthundredsofpeopleatthesametime,73(result)ingreatersavings.Butmovingawayfromatraditionalclassroom74aliving,breathinghumanbeingteachesandinteractswithstudentsdaily75(be)adisaster.Physicallyattendingschoolhashiddenbenefits:gettingup76(early),interactingmorewithpeers,andbuildingbetterrelationshipswithteachers.Moreover,schoolsshouldbemorethansimpleinstitutionsoftraditionallearning.Theyareplaceswherestudents77(offer)counseling(咨询)andothersupport.Thosepolicy-makersareoftenfascinatedbythelatesttechnologyineducationanditspotentialtotransformeducationovernight.78,onlineeducationdoesnotallowateachertokeepastrugglingstudentafterclassandofferhelp.Educationalvideosareunabletomakeeyecontactorassessastudent’slevelofengagement.Giventhese79(expect),schoolsshouldnotbecomepermanently“remote”.Technology,however80(advance),shouldsimplybeatoolofagoodteacher.

易错点纠错练01冠词与代词目录01单句语法填空易错题通关练02升级强化练一、用单词的适当形式完成句子1．MaryisstudyingfoodscienceatcollegeandhopestoopenupEuropeanmeatprocessingfactoryofherownoneday.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：玛丽正在大学学习食品科学，她希望有一天能在欧洲开一家自己的肉类加工厂。根据“Europeanmeatprocessingfactory”可知，空处需填冠词修饰名词，此处表示“一家肉类加工厂”，故用不定冠词表示泛指，“European”是以辅音音素开头。故填a。2．Wemadesuretofeedherextrabowlbeforeleavingfortheairport,andtooursurprise,sheproposedthatwewouldmeetintheLanzhouBeefNoodlesrestaurantnextsummerholiday.【答案】an【详解】考查冠词。句意：在去机场之前，我们一定要多喂她一碗。令我们惊讶的是，她提议我们明年暑假在兰州牛肉面餐厅见面。根据句意可知，bowl是可数名词，此处缺少冠词表示泛指，需要不定冠词；空格后单词extra以元音音素开头，应用an。故填an。3．Notthepandas,eventhoughlanguageusedforthemedicaltraininginstructionsisactuallyEnglish.【答案】the【详解】考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。4．Iamreallyattractedtothisscenicspotwhichhasuniquestyle.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：我真的被这个独特风格的景点所吸引。style是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，且unique是以辅音音素开头，故填a。5．DGFLSisoneofthemostfascinatingschoolsinGuangdong,coveringareaofabout89,000squaremeters.【答案】an【详解】考查冠词。句意：DGFLS是广东最吸引人的学校之一，占地面积约89000平方米。分析句子可知，这里考查anareaof表“一个……的区域”，为固定短语。故填an。6．Itiswrongforthefactorytoaimatsheerquantityatexpenseofquality.【答案】the【详解】考查冠词。句意：工厂一味追求数量而牺牲质量是错误的。固定短语attheexpenseof以……作为代价。根据句意，故填the。7．numberofgraduatesthisyearismuchmorethanthatoflastyear.【答案】The【详解】考查冠词。句意：今年毕业生的数量比去年多得多。根据谓语动词“is”可知，此处为固定搭配thenumberof，表示“……的数量”，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填The。8．ShewenttoaEuropeanuniversitytostudyart.universityisreallyamazing.【答案】The【详解】考查冠词。句意：她到欧洲的一所大学学习艺术。这所大学真的很棒。空格处位于名词之前，因此需要填入冠词，此处特指前面提到的大学，所以要有定冠词。故填The。9．Tolivelifetofullinvolvesawarenessofthephysical,emotional,mentalandspiritualself.【答案】the【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：要充分地生活，就要意识到身体、情感、心理和精神上的自我。tothefull固定搭配，意为“充分地”，故填the。10．Thismagicalproductwascreatedbyuniquecombinationoftraditionalmethodsandartificialintelligence.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：这款神奇的产品是传统方法和人工智能的一种独特结合。介词by的宾语combination为可数名词，使用了单数形式，这里泛指一种结合方式，应使用不定冠词；该空后的形容词unique发音以辅音音标开头，应填冠词a。故填a。11．Youcanalsogetupandread,butbesuretochoosebookthatisnottoodifficult.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：你也可以站起来读书，但一定要选一本不太难的书。book为可数名词，此处为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词，故填a。12．Thegoodnewswasthatthethree-hourmeetingfinallycametoend.【答案】an【详解】考查冠词。句意：好消息是三个小时的会议终于结束了。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：cometoanend意为“结束”，和cometotheend的区别是“cometoanend”强调某个过程、事件或活动的结束，而“cometotheend”则强调到达一个终点或目标，根据句意，此处用cometoanend。故填an。13．TheAmphicarisuniquemeansoftransportthatcansmoothlytravelbetweenwaterwaysandland.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：水陆两用车是一种独特的交通工具，可以在水路和陆地之间顺利行驶。可数名词means是泛指概念，应用不定冠词限定。所连接的单词unique发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。14．It’ssowonderfulthatIwanttowatchitsecondtime.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：它如此精彩以至于我想再看一遍。根据句意可知，此处意为“又一，再一”，故应用不定冠词a+序数词，且second以辅音音素开头，故填a。15．Followingthevaccinationcampaign,therewassubstantialdecreaseinthenumberofCOVID-19casesinthecommunity.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：在开展疫苗接种运动后，该社区的COVID-19病例数大幅减少。分析句子和句意可知，空处可用冠词，修饰名词短语“sustantialdecrease”，表示“有一个大幅度的减少”，故应用不定冠词a。故填a。16．Whenyoucanseeitinyourmind,it’sonlymatteroftimebeforeitshowsupinreality.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：当你能在脑海中看到它时，它出现在现实中只是时间问题。it’sonlyamatteroftimebefore...为固定句式，意为“……只是时间问题”，故填a。17．Wefoundaverageof1,000dollarsspentbuyingyearlyclothesforpeopleinthecountry.【答案】an【详解】考查冠词短语。句意：我们发现这个国家人们平均每年花1000美元买衣服。anaverageof“平均”，是固定搭配。符合句意。故填an。18．Forthestudy,191womenwithaverageageof50tookabicycleexercisetestuntiltheyweretiredouttomeasuretheirpeakcardiovascularcapacity.【答案】an【详解】考查冠词。句意：在这项研究中，为了测量她们的峰值心血管能力，191名平均年龄为50岁的女性进行了自行车运动测试，直到她们筋疲力尽。因为不强调平均值的重要性，且anaverageof“平均……”，固定搭配。故填an。19．Youdidn’tbotherme.Quitecontrary,Ilikeyourcompany.【答案】the【详解】考查定冠词。句意：你没打扰我。恰恰相反，我喜欢你的陪伴。quitethecontrary是固定短语，意为“恰恰相反，正相反”，因此空格处是定冠词the，故填the。20．Hewatchedthetrainawayuntilitwasonlyadotindistance.【答案】the【详解】考查冠词。句意：他目送火车开走，直到它变成了远处的一个点。此句考查固定短语inthedistance表示“在远处”。故填the。21．audienceapplaudedloudlyattheendoftheconcert.【答案】The【详解】考查定冠词。句意：音乐会结束时，观众报以热烈的掌声。空格处用定冠词特指在场的观众，位于句首，首字母大写，故填The。22．Thegameshowattractsaudienceof12million.【答案】an【详解】考查冠词。句意：这个游戏节目吸引了1200万观众。anaudienceof意为“……（多少）观众”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用不定冠词an。故填an。23．Thischaracterwassocialfailureinthemovie,buthewaslovedbyallthepeople.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：这个角色在电影中是一个社会失败者，但他受到所有人的喜爱。此处failure意为“失败者”，为可数名词，socialfailure第一次出现，应用不定冠词表示泛指，social的开头发音为辅音，所以不定冠词应用a。故填a。24．MarieCurie,Polish­Frenchphysicistandchemist,wonthe1903NobelPrizeforphysicsandthe1911NobelPrizeforChemistry.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：MarieCurie是一位波兰裔法国物理学家和化学家，获得了1903年的诺贝尔物理学奖和1911年的诺贝尔化学奖。分析句子可知，空处应为冠词，修饰名词短语“PolishFrenchphysicistandchemist”，表示MarieCurie是“一位波兰裔法国物理学家和化学家”，故应用不定冠词a，表泛指。故填a。25．ThisisthethirdtimeIamcallingaboutsamething,andit’sjustwasteofmytime.【答案】thea【详解】考查冠词。句意：这是我第三次为同一件事打电话了，这只是浪费我的时间。第一个空thesame表示“同样的”。第二个空awasteoftime表示“一种浪费”。故填the；a。26．In1950s,heartattackswereanepidemicintheUSA,butdoctorsfoundtherewashardlyaRosetanbelow65who’sexperiencedone.【答案】the【详解】考查冠词。句意：20世纪50年代，心脏病在美国是一种流行病，但医生发现，65岁以下的罗塞坦人几乎没有经历过心脏病。分析句子结构可知，表示“在20世纪50年代”应为inthe1950s。故填the。27．Standonthetopofthebuilding,andyouwillgetgoodviewofthewholecity.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：站在楼顶上，你可以很好地看到整个城市。分析句子结构可知，此处是固定搭配：getaviewof意为“观看”。故填a。28．Theadultanimalscanreachmaximum(最大值的)lengthoftwometers.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：成年动物的最大长度可以达到两米。根据句意可知，此处表示泛指，且maximum的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。alengthof...表示“长度为……”。故填a。29．Ourcountryisatraditionalagriculturalsociety,withmajorityoffarmingpopulation.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：我国是传统的农业社会，农业人口占大多数。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处固定短语amajorityof“大多数的；大部分的”。故填a。30．onlineplatform,whichhostsavirtualcopyoftheMogaoGrottoes,openstothepublic.【答案】An【详解】考查冠词。句意：一个在线平台向公众开放，该平台存储了莫高窟的虚拟复制品。根据句意，这里泛指一个在线平台，且online的发音以元音音素开头，所以应用不定冠词an，单词位于句首，首字母大写。故填An。31．Johnhasuniquewaytogetacrosshisopinionbyusingasfewwordsaspossible.【答案】a【详解】考查冠词。句意：约翰有一种独特的方法，能够用尽可能少的词来表达他的观点。way是可数名词，且此处表示泛指意义，其前用不定冠词，unique是以辅音音素开头的形容词，故填a。32．Therearetwobooksonthedesk.Youcantakeofthem.【答案】either/both【详解】考查不定代词。句意：桌子上有两本书。你可以随便选一个/两个都拿。根据句意，表示选择“两个中的任一一个”，用不定代词either，表示选择“两个”，用不定代词both，作宾语。故填either/both。33．Youcancountonitthesunwillriseintheeasteverymorning.【答案】that【详解】考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：你可以相信每天早晨太阳都会从东方升起。分析句子的结构可知，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为从句“thesunwillriseintheeasteverymorning.(每天早晨太阳都会从东方升起)”从句不缺成分，表示完整的意思，应用that引导宾语从句。故填that。34．Thedamagedroadsmadedifficulttodeliverfoodandsuppliestothoseinneed.【答案】it【详解】考查it用法。句意：毁坏的道路使向有需要的人运送食物和物资变得困难。分析句子可知，空处应填it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语“todeliverfoodandsuppliestothoseinneed”，故填it。35．Asaretiredprofessor,Tomstillcommits(he)toclimatechangesolutionsandcaresabouttheimpactofglobalwarmingonhumanbeings.【答案】himself【详解】考查反身代词。句意：作为一名退休教授，Tom仍然致力于气候变化解决方案，并关心全球变暖对人类的影响。分析句子可知，设空处需要反身代词构成固定短语commitoneselfto“致力于”，此处指的是Tom他自己。故填himself。36．Nowadays,havingalreadybeenlistedasProvincialIntangibleCultureHeritagebytheSichuanProvincialGovernment,thisartisengaging(it)inthegeneralpublicentertainment.【答案】itself【详解】考查代词。句意：如今，这门艺术已被四川省政府列为省级非物质文化遗产，并融入到大众娱乐中。根据“thisartisengaging”可知，空处缺宾语，需用代词形式，engageoneselfin表示“投入，参与”，故用反身代词itself，指代“thisart”。故填itself。37．shockedusthatasmanyas100speciesoffish,someuniquetothesewaters,mayhavebeenaffectedbythepollution.【答案】It【详解】考查形式主语。句意：令我们震惊的是，多达100种鱼类，其中一些是这片水域独有的，可能已经受到污染的影响。Itshockedusthat...为固定句型，意为“令我们震惊的是……”，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填It。38．Iturnedaroundandwassurprisedtofindafamiliar-lookingmaninthirties.【答案】his【详解】考查代词。句意：我转过身来，惊讶地发现一个看起来很熟悉的30多岁的男人。此处是固定搭配：inone’s+基数词整十的数的复数意为“表示在某人几十岁时”。故填his。39．AsanativeofHangzhou,sheconsidersherdutytodisplaythebestaspectofthecitytotheguestsfromallovertheworld.【答案】it【详解】考查it用法。句意：作为一个土生土长的杭州人，她认为自己有责任向来自世界各地的客人展示这座城市最好的一面。此处为considerit+名词（词组）+不定式短语，it作形式宾语，故填it。40．Theotherday,occurredtoJohnsonthatheshouldmakearoadtriptohelptheneedy.【答案】it【详解】考查固定句型。句意：有一天，约翰逊突然想到他应该开车去帮助那些需要帮助的人。itoccurs/occurredtosb.that固定句型，意为“某人突然想起……”，故填it。41．Asisknowntoall,takesmorethangoodlookstosucceedasanactor.【答案】it【详解】考查固定句型以及it作形式主语。句意：众所周知，要成为一名成功的演员，需要的不仅仅是漂亮的外表。句子结构分析可知，此句为句型“Ittakes...todosth.(做某事需要……)”，句中It作形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语，设空处应填it。故填it。42．TheweatherinGuangzhouiswinterismuchmorecomfortablethaninBeijing.【答案】that【详解】考查代词。句意：广州冬天的天气比北京舒服多了。句子为比较句型，than后面的比较对象为theweatherinBeijing，空处替代不可数名词theweather，应用代词that。故填that。43．Thepoliticianscommitted(they)tothedevelopmentofresearchinstitutes.【答案】themselves【详解】考查代词。句意：政治家们致力于研究机构的发展。表示“致力于”短语为commitoneselfto，主语为politicians，应用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。44．Whenyoudisagreewithyourparents,takeaminutetocalmdownandtrytounderstandthesituationfrom(they)pointofview.【答案】their【详解】考查代词。句意：当你不同意你的父母的观点时，花一分钟冷静下来，试着从他们的角度来理解情况。修饰名词短语pointofview，需用形容词性物主代词their，作定语。故填their。45．WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind(they)alive.【答案】them【详解】考查代词。句意：当我和大猩猩互相惊吓时，我很高兴看到它们还活着。这里考查“find+宾语+宾语补足语”的结构，所以主格人称代词they应变为宾格人称代词them。故填them。46．Inmyfirstclass,outEnglishteacheraskedustointroduce(we)onebyone.【答案】ourselves【详解】考查代词。句意：在我的第一堂课上，我们的英语老师让我们逐一介绍自己。分析句子结构可知，此处应是固定搭配：introduceoneself意为“自我介绍”。故填ourselves。47．Thatbagisverysmall,but(I)isverybig.【答案】mine【详解】考查代词。句意：那个包很小，但我的包很大。此处作主语，表示“我的包”应用名词性物主代词。故填mine。48．Themaindifferencebetweenourbrainsandthoseofmonkeysisthat(we)arebigger.【答案】ours【详解】考查物主代词。句意：我们的大脑和猴子的主要区别在于我们的大脑更大。分析句子可知，空格处充当表语从句中的主语。由句意可知，此处意为“我们的大脑”，故用名词性物主代词，相当于ourbrain。故填ours。49．Somescientistsweredeterminedtohelphumansmake(they)dreamtoexplorespacecometrue.【答案】their【详解】考查形容词性物主代词。句意：一些科学家决心帮助人类实现他们探索太空的梦想。根据所给句子分析可知，此处需要使用形容词性物主代词修饰名词dream，“they”的形容词性物主代词形式为“their”，意为“他们的”。故填their。50．（2022年全国乙卷）TheChineseAncientTeaMuseumwasofficiallyunveiled(揭幕)attheceremony,opening(it)firstexhibition:TheAvenueofTruth—ASpecialExhibitionofPu'erTea.【答案】its【详解】考查代词。句意：在开幕式上，中国古茶博物馆正式揭牌，开启了它的第一个展览：大道遗真——普洱茶专题展。名词exhibition前用形容词性物主代词修饰。故填its。二、语法填空阅读下列材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或用括号内单词的正确形式。1.（2023·全国高三专项练习）Whoissmarter？Ahumanbeingorartificialintelligence？Thequestion51（sweep）acrosstheworldwhenaGoogle-developedprogramcalledAlphaGodefeatedtheworldtopplayer.So，whatcomesnext？Somepeoplearepessimistic，sayingthatthefulldevelopmentofartificialintelligence，52AIinshort，couldmeantheendofthehumanrace.Soarewereallyabouttoliveintheworld53（show）intheTerminator（终结者）movies？“Notquite，”answeredJohnMarkoffofTheNewYorkTimes，54isoptimisticaboutthefuture.“Wethinkthat，forthehumanbeings，thingslikesightandbalance，55（be）naturalandordinaryinourlife.Also，wehumansarebetteratmaking56（adjust）tothesurroundings.WehavealongwaytogobeforeAIcan57（true）begintobesimilartothehumanbrain，eventhoughthetechnologycanbegreat.”Meanwhile，JohnMarkoffsaidthatresearchersshouldbuildartificialintelligencetomakepeoplemore58（effect）.“Ourfate（命运）is59ourownhands，”headded.“Sincetechnologydependsonthevaluesof60(it)creators,wecanchoosetousetechnologytoimprovetheworld.”【答案】51．swept52．or53．shown54．who55．are56．adjustment（s）57．truly58．effective59．in60．its【分析】这是一篇议论文。谁更聪明？人类还是人工智能？AlphaGo在围棋领域击败了人类，但这能说明人工智能可以取代人类的大脑吗？不同的人对未来有不同的看法。51．考查时态。根据从句中的“defeated”可知，此处的事情发生在过去，故主句应用一般过去时态。故填swept。52．考查连词。句意：人工智能的全面发展，简而言之，可能意味着人类的终结。artificialintelligence或简称为AI。该空表示“或者”。故填or。53．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们真的要活在“终结者”电影里的世界里了吗？3（show）intheTerminator（终结者）movies是定语，修饰theworld。theworld和show之间是被动关系，故应用过去分词作后置定语。故填shown。54．考查定语从句。4isoptimisticaboutthefuture是非限制性定语从句。修饰JohnMarkoff。引导词在从句中作主语，指人，应该用who引导该从句。故填who。55．考查时态与主谓一致。句意：像视觉和平衡这样的事物在我们的生活中是自然的，平凡的。这里说的是客观事实，应用一般现在时。根据主谓一致原则，谓语动词应该和things保持一致，故填are。56．考查名词。空处在句中作making的宾语，需要用名词形式。故填adjustment（s）。57．考查副词。空处在句中修饰谓语动词begin，需要用副词形式。故填truly。58．考查形容词。该处考查make+宾语+宾语补足语结构，宾语补足语应该用形容词。且空前有more修饰，故该处填effective。59．考查介词。句意：我们的命运由我们自己控制。表示“由某人控制”，应该用inone'shands。故填in。60．考查代词。空处在句中作定语，修饰名词creators，故应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。2.（2023·江苏南通·高三海安高级中学校考期中）AsoneoftheeightgreatcuisinesofChina,Hangzhoudishesarenotedfortheiruniquecharacteristics.AtriptoHangzhouisn'tcomplete61tryingsomeofitsspecialtydishes.Hereareafewmust-trymeals,eachofwhichhasanage-oldstory.DongpoPork(东坡肉)DongpoPorkwasnamedafterSongDynasty(960-1279)poetandofficial,SuDongpo.WhenSuwasexiled(流放)toHangzhou,heinitiatedathoroughdredging(清淤)ofWestLake,62benefitswereimmediateandclearforthelocals.Toexpresstheir63(grateful),theygiftedSualotofpork.Suaddedhisowntwisttothetraditionalprocessofcookingporkbelly.Hedistributedthedishtothosewhoworkedontheprojectanditbecamewidely64(favor).WestLakeCarpinVinegarGravy(西湖醋鱼)Legendhas65thattwobrotherslivedinHangzhou.Theelderbrotherwasmurdered.Andtheyoungerbrotherwasforcedintoexile66(tragic).Duringhisfarewelldinner,hisrecentlywidowedsister-in-lawcookedadishthatwasbothsweetandsour,implyingtheyoungerbrothershould“notforgetthesouramidthesweet”.TheyoungmanlaterreturnedtoHangzhouasahigh-rankingofficial,avenged(报仇)hisbrother'smurderand67(seek)outhissister-in-law.Sincethen,thedish68(hand)downfromgenerationtogeneration.SisterSong'sFishSoup(宋嫂鱼羹)DuringtheSongDynasty,awomannicknamedSisterSong69(settle)downalongsideWestLakeandmadealivingsellingfishsoup.DuringatriptoWestLake,EmperorGaozongtastedherfishsoupandspokehighlyofit.Thesoup'sreputationspreadfarandwide,anditbecamea70(call)cardforthecity.【答案】61．without62．whose63．gratitude64．favored65．it66．tragically67．sought68．hasbeenhanded69．settled70．calling【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了杭州的美食文化，特别介绍了当地的几种特色菜肴和与其相关的故事传说。包括东坡肉、西湖醋鱼、宋嫂鱼羹等。61．考查介词。句意：不吃杭州的特色菜，你的杭州之行就不算完整。分析句子，根据后文的动名词可知设空处使用介词。根据句意，表示“没有尝试特色的杭州菜”用介词without。故填without。62．考查定语从句。句意：当苏被流放到杭州时，他开始对西湖进行彻底的疏浚，这对当地人来说是立竿见影的。分析句子，设空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作定语，指代前文“西湖疏浚的益处”即表示所属关系。故填whose。63．考查名词。句意：为了表达他们的感激之情，他们送给苏很多猪肉。分析句子，设空处使用grateful的名词gratitude作宾语，意为“感激”。故填gratitude。64．考查形容词。句意：他把这道菜分发给参与工程的人，广受喜爱。分析句子，设空处使用形容词作表语，favored意为“备受喜爱的”。故填favored。65．考查代词。句意：相传有两兄弟住在杭州。分析句子，设空处使用代词作宾语。句中Legendhasitthat…为固定短语，以为“相传……”。故填it。66．考查副词。句意：弟弟也不幸被流放。分析句子，设空处使用tragic的tragically副词作状语，意为“不幸地”。故填tragically。67．考查动词。句意：这个年轻人后来回到杭州当上了高官，为他杀了他的兄弟报仇，并找到了他的嫂子。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语，根据前文的returned可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填sought。68．考查动词。句意：从那时起，这道菜就代代相传。分析句子，句中sincethen为现在完成时时间标志，同时dish与hand之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填hasbeenhanded。69．考查动词。句意：宋朝时，一位昵称为宋姐的女子在西湖边定居下来，靠卖鱼汤为生。分析句子，设空处使用动词作谓语。根据前文的DuringtheSongDynasty以及句意可知，句子表述过去事实，故使用一般过去时。故填settled。70．考查固定短语。句意：这道汤名声远扬，成为了这座城市的名片。分析句子，设空处使用名词短语作表语。表示“名片”用callingcard。故填calling。3.（2023·江苏南通·高三如皋市搬经中学校联考期中）Inthecomingeraofbudgetcutstoeducation,distancelearningcouldbecomethenorm.