同位语从句课件高考英语一轮复习

01状语从句02定语从句03名词性从句从句类型

名词性从句

nounclause主语从句subjectclause

宾语从句objectclause

表语从句predicativeclause

同位语从句appositiveclauseWhatTuYouyoureallycaresaboutisnotmoneyorcelebrity.TuYouyouandherteambelievedthattheycanfindthetreatmentformalariainancientChinesemedicaltexts.ThequestiononcetroubledTuYouyouwashowtodrawextractfromthesweetwormwood.NounClausesAppositiveClauses同位语从句一、什么是同位语apposition？1.Tom,ourmonitor,isahandsomeboy.2.Imyselfwilldotheexperiment.3.Sheistheoldestamongthemsix.同位语：常位于名词或代词后面，对该名词或代词作进一步的解释说明，并与其在语法上处于同等地位。名词、代词、数词等均可充当同位语。二、同位语从句：同位语由一个句子充当ThenewsthatTuYouyouwontheNobelPrizesurprisedtheworld.从句news名词引导词总结：同位语从句结构____________+______________+________________名词连接词从句Iheardthenewsthatwewouldhavetwodaysoffthisweek.Thereissomedoubtwhetherheisfitforthejob.Thequestionwhatweshoulddonextisnotclear.Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.Shemadearequestthatweshouldhelpher.同位语从句说明的名词大多是____________。常见的可接同位语从句的名词有:抽象名词news(word)新闻/doubt疑惑/question/problem问题

/idea想法

/request要求

/fact事实/reason

理由/thought想法/order

命令/hope希望/belief信念/message消息/possibility

可能性/

danger

危险

/warning警告

/information

信息/

decision

决定/

truth

真相...三、同位语从句的引导词引导词用法从属连词that无成分，无意义whether无成分，意为“是否”连接代词what,which,who,whom,…+ever,whose在从句中充当主语，宾语，表语，定语连接副词how,when,where,…+ever,why在从句中充当状语解题技巧：引导词怎么填一判二判判断是否是名词性从句判断从句是否缺成分、缺意义缺成分,缺意义不缺成分缺人：who/whom缺东东：what缺定语：“哪个”——which；“谁的”——whose不缺意义：that缺意义(时间、地点…)：when、where、why、how、缺“是否”：whetherIhavenoidea________hewillcomeback.Thenews_________BidenhasbeenelectedthepresidentoftheUnitedStatesistrue.Thequestion__________weneedmoretimetodotheworkhasnotbeendiscussed.ManyChineseparentsholdtheview________teenagersshouldn’tspendtoomuchtimeonline.Ihavenoimpression_________hewenthome,perhapsbybike.Ihavenoidea_________heisdoing.whenthatwhetherthathowwhat即学即练Point

1:

为了保持句子平衡，同位语从句有时可以不紧跟它说明的那个名词后面，而是被其它的词隔开，这种从句叫分割式同位语从句Theproblemwhethertheyshouldcontinuetodotheexperimenthasbeensolved.ThestorygoesthatWilliamTellkilledthekingwithanarrow.Wordcamethattheirteamhadwon.四、同位语从句的注意点Point

2:同位语从句的虚拟语气：在表示“建议，劝说，命令”的名词(advice,suggestion,request,proposal)等后面的同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略Imadeaproposalthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.Myproposalisthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.Itisproposedthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.Iproposedthatweshouldgetupearlytomorrow.

一坚持insist二命令order,command三建议advise,suggest,propose四要求require,request,demand,desire四、同位语从句的注意点Point

3:

doubt的同位语从句

肯定句后用whether

否定句后用thatThereisnodoubtthatitwashisfriendthatplayedtricksonhim.Thereissomedoubtwhetherhecanadapttothenewsurroundingshere.Idoubtwhetherheisathome.Wedon’tdoubtthattheycancompletethetaskaheadoftime.四、同位语从句的注意点1Someholdthebelief_________theycanalwaysfindmorewaysofsolvingproblems.2Thedecision_________wewillhavethecelebrationnextmonthhasnotbeenmade.3Weworkashardaswecanintheknowledge_________oureffortswilleventuallypayoff.4Doesanyonehaveanyidea_________hashappenedtoPaul?Whyhasn'thecomeyet?5Sheraisedtheproblem_________wecouldimprovecommunicationbetweenmanagersandstaff.thatthatwhetherwhathow6Wehavejustreceivedawarning_________astormisontheway.Weneedtogetprepared.7Thereissomedoubtamongthestudents_________thetravelplanwillbecancelled.8Manypeoplerespondedpositivelytothesuggestion_____we__________(raise)moneyforlocalcharities.9Wehadaheateddiscussiononthequestion_________onlinelearningwasbettersuitedforhighschoolstudents.10MrSmithreallyhasnoidea_________iswrongwiththeirprogramme.thatwhetherwhetherthatwhatshouldraise11Thestatementbythedriverofthevehicle_____hedidn’tseethelorrywasrejectedbytheCourt.12Evidencecameup_____specificspeechsoundarerecognizedbybabiesasyoungas6monthsold.thatthat区别定从和同从同位语从句的定义常见的后跟同位语从句的名词：fact(事实）,news(消息）,hope(希望），idea(主意），truth(事实），evdence（证据），suggestion（建议），problem/question（问题）,opinion（观点）等常见的后跟定语从句的名词：news,village,factory,place,thegirl,thebook,theday等都是抽象名词！！！可抽象可具体~~同位语从句的注意点定语从句和同位语从句的辨别that作不作成分是否知道名词的内容名词和从句间加be，是否构成表语从句Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.同位语从句PK定语从句：假定还原法同位语从句的注意点定语从句和同位语从句的辨别that作不作成分是否知道名词的内容名词和从句间加be，是否构成表语从句Thenewsthattheywonthematchistrue.Thenewsthatyoutoldusyesterdayistrue.同位语从句PK定语从句：假定还原法DoyoustillrememberthedayswhenwespentthewinterholidaysinHainan?when引导的是一个定语从句，先行词days是表示时间的词；Ihadnoideawhenyouwerehere.when引导的是一个同位语从句，被修饰的词是idea，不表示时间．when,where,why引导定语从句时,先行词分别是表时间，地点和原因的具体名词；而三者引导同位语从句时，先行词应该是抽象名词．区别定从和同从I’llneverforgetthetimewhenIwasayounggirl.Shehadnoideawhenthisaccidenthappened. 1949wastheyearwhenthePeople'sRepublicofChinawasestablished.Thisisthevillagewherehisgrandparentslive.区别定从和同从When,where，why引导同位语从句时，只起连接作用，没有指代作用；When,where，why引导定语从句时，具有指代先行词的作用，在从句中作状语，可以转换成“介词＋关系代词”的形式。Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreally

encouraging.Summary(3):同位语从句与定语从句的不同之处在从句中充当成分吗？在从句中充当成分吗？that

同位语从句

定语从句不作成分，无意义，不能省指代先行词，作成分，作宾语可省Tip:名词与从句之间加上is,连接成句，则为同位语从句。Thenewsisthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatch定语从句用还原法Thenewsthatyoutoldus(thenews)Ihaveahopethatallofyouwillgotocollege.2.Ihatethefactthathetoldme.3.Ihatethefactthathealwaystellslies4.Titanicistheshipthatsankintotheocean.5.Hemadeanexcuse

thathiscarbrokedownontheway.同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句将两个单句改写为含有同位语从句的复合句.Ihaveasuggestion.suggestion:youshouldtreatmemoregently

Ihaveasuggestion.suggestion:youshouldtreatmemoregentlyIhaveasuggestionyoushouldtreatmemoregently.that同位语从句究竟是什么？Ihaveadream.dream:Icangetmorepocketmoney

Ihaveadream.dream:IcangetmorepocketmoneyIhaveadreamIcangetmorepocketmoney.thatIhaveaquestion.question:whytherearesomanypimplesonyourface

Ihaveaquestion.question:whytherearesomanypimplesonyourfaceIhaveaquestionwhytherearesomanypimplesonyourface.Readthesentencesbelowandticktheonewithappositiveclauses.1WehavenodoubtthatUNESCOistryingtoprotecttheheritagesites.2Thiswasthecluethathelpedthepolicefindthemanwhohaddestroyedtheancientstatues.对doubt内容进行描述代替clue3Manypeopledonotknowthereasonwhythisheritagesiteisthreatened.4Thereisnoquestionwhetherweshouldprotectoursharedheritage--wesimplyhaveto.5IwanttoplanmytripbutIhavenoideawhenthetempleswillopen.why修饰reason对question内容进行描述对idea内容进行描述ChrismeetswithMissMatodiscussUNESCO’sworkrelatedtoheritagepreservation.Completetheconversationbelowwithproperlinkingwordstoformappositiveclauses.Chris:Sorrytointerruptyou,MissMa.I’mwritinganarticleaboutUNESCO’sworkonheritagepreservation.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutit?MissMa:Sure.In1972,theConventionConcerningtheProtectionoftheWorldCulturalandNaturalHeritagewasadoptedbytheGeneralConferenceofUNESCO.Exercise2:Chris:ButI’veheardsomepeoplehaveseriousdoubts_______theWorldHeritageConventionreallyhelps.MissMa:Sure,itdoes.Itlinkstheconceptsofnatureconservationandthepreservationofculturalpropertiestogether.ApartfromtheConvention,theWorldHeritageCommitteewasestablishedin1976andpassedthemotion_______weshouldprotectourculturalandnaturalheritagesites.whetherthatChris:Isee.CanyoutellmewhattheWorldHeritageCommitteedoes?MissMa:Ofcouse.Forexample,itvotestodeterminewhichsitesaretobelistedasUNESCOheritagessitesandmonitorsthestateofconservation.Chris:That’samazing.IsChinaoneoftheUNESCOStatesParties?MissMa:Yes.Doyouhaveanyidea_________ChinesepropertiesareontheWorldHeritageList?howmany1Thereissomedoubt_________wecanfinishtheworkontime.2Ihavenoidea________istobedonenext.3Wewereveryexcitedatthenews______ourfootballteamwon.4Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt________acureforAIDSwillbefound.5Doyouhaveanyidea________isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?

whether

what

that

that

whatExercise3:6Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_______hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.7Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars________roadconditionsneedtobeimproved.8Thereisafeelinginme_________we’llneverknowwhataUFOis---notever.9Heputforwardthesuggestion_______themeetingshouldbeputoff.10Youcanhavenoidea_______hesaid.

that

that

that

that

whatChris:Yes,morethan50now.Forexample,theGrandCanal,theworld’slongestandoldestcanal,wason