标准解读
GB/T 44420-2024 是一项关于馆藏竹木器文物含水率快速测定的国家标准。该标准旨在为文物保护工作者提供一种快速、准确的检测方法，以评估和监控竹木材质文物中的水分含量，这对预防性保护和修复工作至关重要。
标准适用范围
本标准适用于各类博物馆、文物收藏机构中竹制与木制文物的含水率测定。这包括但不限于家具、雕塑、建筑构件及日用器具等，涵盖了广泛的历史时期和地域风格的竹木器物。
测定原理与方法
标准规定了采用无损或微损技术，如电容式传感器、电阻式湿度计或近红外光谱分析等现代检测手段，来快速测定文物内部的水分含量。这些方法能够在不破坏文物结构和外观的前提下，实现对含水率的精准测量。
操作流程
- 预处理：详细记录文物基本信息，包括材质、年代、来源地及当前保存环境等，为后续分析提供参考。
- 取样选择：根据文物尺寸和形状，选取代表性测试点，尽量减少对文物的干预。
- 检测实施：使用标准推荐的仪器设备进行含水率测定，确保操作符合设备使用说明及安全规范。
- 数据处理：收集并分析测量数据，应用校正公式或软件进行计算，得到最终的含水率值。
- 结果判定：依据测得的含水率，结合文物材质特性和最佳保存条件，评估文物的保存状态，并提出相应的保护建议或措施。
标准的重要性
此标准的制定与实施，不仅提高了竹木器文物含水率检测的效率与精确度，还为文物的科学管理和保护提供了重要依据。通过及时监测和调控文物保存环境，有效预防因湿度不当导致的形变、开裂、霉变等问题，从而延长文物寿命，维护文化遗产的安全与完整性。
注意事项
- 在执行测定过程中，需严格遵守文物保护原则，避免对文物造成任何不必要的伤害。
- 应定期校验检测设备，确保测量结果的准确性和可比性。
- 结合文物实际情况灵活应用标准，必要时可咨询文物保护专家的意见。
如需获取更多详尽信息，请直接参考下方经官方授权发布的权威标准文档。
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- 2024-08-23 颁布
- 2024-12-01 实施
文档简介
ICS
97.195;19.100
CCS
Y04
中华人民共和国国家标准
GB/T44420—2024
馆藏竹木器文物含水率快速测定
Methodforrapiddeterminationofmoisturecontentofbambooand
woodcollection
2024-08-23发布2024-12-01实施
国家市场监督管理总局发布
国家标准化管理委员会
GB/T44420—2024
目次
前言
·····································································································
Ⅲ
1
范围
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1
2
规范性引用文件
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1
3
术语和定义
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1
4
原理
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1
5
试验条件
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1
6
仪器设备
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1
7
试验步骤
······························································································
2
7.1
确定被测对象
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2
7.2
选择测量仪
······················································································
2
7.3
规划检测点位
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2
7.4
测定数据及记录
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2
8
试验数据处理
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2
9
试验报告
······························································································
2
附录A（资料性）馆藏竹木器文物含水率测定点位规划示例（以木质方桌为例）
··················
4
A.1构件编号
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4
A.2规划测定点位
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4
附录B（资料性）馆藏竹木器文物含水率快速测定记录表样式
······································
6
附录C（资料性）馆藏竹木器文物含水率快速测定报告内容示例（以木质方桌为例）
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7
C.1试验对象
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7
C.2所使用的标准
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7
C.3试验结果
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7
C.4观察到的异常现象
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8
C.5试验日期
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8
参考文献
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9
图A.1木质方桌透视图及构件编号
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4
图A.2桌面构件(1a#)含水率快速测定点位规划示意图
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5
图A.3桌腿构件(3a#)含水率快速测定点位规划示意图
···············································
5
图B.1馆藏竹木器文物含水率快速测定记录表样式
···················································
6
图C.1馆藏竹木器文物含水率快速测定记录表示例
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7
图C.2木质方桌桌面构件(1a#)含水率分布图
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8
Ⅰ
GB/T44420—2024
前言
本文件按照GB/T1.1—2020《标准化工作导则第1部分：标准化文件的结构和起草规则》的规
定起草。
请注意本文件的某些内容可能涉及专利。本文件的发布机构不承担识别专利的责任。
本文件由国家文物局提出。
本文件由全国文物保护标准化技术委员会(SAC/TC289)归口。
本文件起草单位：中国国家博物馆、荆州文物保护中心、中国标准化研究院。
本文件主要起草人：铁付德、方北松、王开、全定可、邱祖明、隋媛、苏维孝、朱亚光。
Ⅲ
GB/T44420—2024
馆藏竹木器文物含水率快速测定
1范围
本文件描述了馆藏竹木器文物含水率的快速测定方法。
本文件适用于采用电容法原理，对经过干燥处理后含水率已与保存环境达成平衡的馆藏竹木器文物
含水率进行的简易、快速测定。
2规范性引用文件
下列文件中的内容通过文中的规范性引用而构成本文件必不可少的条款。其中，注日期的引用文
件，仅该日期对应的版本适用于本文件；不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本（包括所有的修改单）适用
于本文件。
JJG986—2004木材含水率测量仪
3术语和定义
下列术语和定义适用于本文件。
3.1
馆藏竹木器文物bambooandwoodcollection
博物馆、图书馆等收藏单位收藏的竹质、木质文物和其他文物中竹质、木质构件的总称。
3.2
含水率moisturecontent
馆藏竹木器文物（3.1）所含水分质量与全干质量的百分比。
4原理
竹质、木质类材料含水率的变化会引起其电容介电常数的改变，通过测量电容介电常数，可间接测
定其含水率。
5试验条件
快速测定含水率应符合下列条件：
a）温度：15℃～35℃
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